JP2001206802A - Compound of bioactive substance-containing particulate, method of manufacturing for the same and method of cultivation for agricultural product using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compound of bioactive substance-containing particulates prepared by mixing bioactive substancecontaining particulates whose shapes are not same to each other, and to provide a method of cultivation for agricultural products using the mixture. SOLUTION: The compound comprises >=2 kinds of bioactive substancecontaining particulates selected from a group consisting of particulates containing >=1 kind of bioactive substance and particulates containing >=1 kind of bioactive substance. Each of the bioactive substance-containing particulates has a particle size in the range of 0.1-5.0 mm. By the present invention, agricultural materials having various functions can be obtained.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a blend of bioactive substance-containing granules, a method for producing the same, and a method for cultivating agricultural crops using the blend of bioactive substance-containing granules. The biologically active substance in the present invention means a substance having activity on organisms related to agriculture, forestry, horticulture and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art It is generally known to mix materials having various effects in order to reduce the cost and enhance the functionality of agricultural materials. In particular, bulk blend fertilizers have been rapidly spreading in recent years because various single fertilizers can be arbitrarily mixed according to the environmental characteristics of the cultivation area, crops, cropping types, and the like. When mixing these materials with a mixer, the selection of the model requires characteristic values such as particle size distribution, bulk specific gravity, true specific gravity, particle shape, surface condition, angle of repose, bulk tendency, and moisture. It is determined by performing a test based on the characteristic values.

[0003]

In practice, two or more types of particulates containing a biologically active substance are put into a mixer, and even if the distribution of the particulates is to be made uniform by convection, diffusion, shearing, etc. Depending on the properties of the granular material, classification may occur and the particles may be separated. For example, pesticide granules have an irregular particle shape and are not considered as raw materials for mixing,
In particular, in the case of mixing pesticide granules or mixing pesticide granules and granular fertilizer, the distribution of those particles cannot be made uniform in many cases. Also, in view of recent changes in the agricultural environment, there has been a demand for the development of agricultural materials that have a high application efficiency and do not burden farmers.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems The present inventors have been engaged in research and development of agricultural materials for the purpose of labor saving of agricultural work and improving the application efficiency of agricultural chemicals. Data were collected and analyzed in order to construct an efficient labor-saving cultivation system, and it was found that composite materials could be easily obtained if each granular material satisfied specific characteristic values.

That is, a particle containing a biologically active substance having a particle diameter in the range of 0.1 to 5.0 mm and a ratio of the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter of the particles of 0.5 or more is mixed and used. Knowing that cultivating crops can improve the application efficiency of bioactive substances and save labor in application work,
The present invention has been completed based on this finding.

The present invention has the following configurations (1) to (11). (1) It consists of two or more kinds of bioactive substance-containing granules selected from the group consisting of granules consisting of one or more kinds of bioactive substances and granules containing one or more kinds of bioactive substances, each containing a bioactive substance. A formulation of bioactive substance-containing granules, characterized in that the granules have a particle size range of 0.1 to 5.0 mm.

(2) The organism according to the above (1), wherein each of the biologically active substance-containing granules has a shape having an average ratio of the minimum diameter / maximum diameter of 0.5 or more. Formulation of active substance-containing granules.

[0008] (3) The blending of the bioactive substance-containing granules according to the above (1) or (2), wherein one of the bioactive substance-containing granules is a pesticide-containing granule. object.

(4) One of the bioactive substance-containing granules is a pesticide-containing granule, and the other is a fertilizer granule or a fertilizer-containing granule. A blend of the particulates containing a biologically active substance according to the item (1) or (2).

(5) A release suppression period in which the release of the bioactive substance is suppressed for at least one period of time after application of one or more of the bioactive substance-containing granules, and a release period in which the release of the bioactive substance is continued after a lapse of the predetermined period (1) to (4), characterized by having a timed release type sustained release function comprising:
A formulation of the biologically active substance-containing granular material according to any one of the above items.

(6) The method according to any one of the above (1) to (5), wherein at least one of the bioactive substance-containing granules is coated with a coating material containing a resin. Formulation of bioactive substance-containing granules.

(7) When the average particle size of the two types of bioactive substance-containing granules is x ₁ and x ₂ (x ₁ ≧ x ₂ ) and the standard deviations are σ ₁ and σ ₂ , respectively, (x ₁ -3σ ₁ ) <(x ₂ +3
σ ₂ ), wherein the composition of the particulate material containing a biologically active substance according to any one of the above items (1) to (6).

(8) When mixing two or more types of particulates containing a bioactive substance selected from the group consisting of a particulate substance comprising one or more biologically active substances and a particulate substance containing one or more biologically active substances, Particle size range 0.1-5.0mm
Characterized by using a bioactive substance-containing granular material of
A method for producing a blend of granules containing a bioactive substance.

(9) A bioactive substance-containing particulate material as described in the above item (8), characterized in that the bioactive substance-containing granules each having a shape having an average value of the minimum diameter / maximum diameter ratio of 0.5 or more are used. A method for producing a blend of granules.

(10) When the average particle size of the two types of biologically active substance-containing granules is x ₁ and x ₂ (x ₁ ≧ x ₂ ) and the standard deviations are σ ₁ and σ ₂ , respectively, (x ₁ -3σ ₁ ) <(x ₂ +
(8) or (9), wherein the bioactive substance-containing granules prepared so as to satisfy 3σ ₂ ) are mixed.
A method for producing a blend of the biologically active substance-containing granules according to the above item.

(11) A method for cultivating agricultural crops, which comprises applying the composition of the granular material containing a biologically active substance according to any one of the above (1) to (7).

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail. The term bioactive substance-containing granules used in the present invention is not limited to bioactive substance-containing granules, unless otherwise specified.
It also means granules consisting solely of biologically active substances. The formulation of the bioactive substance-containing granules of the present invention comprises the bioactive substance 1
It is obtained by mixing two or more kinds of granules containing a bioactive substance selected from the group consisting of granules consisting of at least one species and granules containing at least one bioactive substance. Further, the mixture may be subjected to post-processing such as coating, or at least one or more of the biologically active substance-containing granules previously coated may be used as a component of the blend.

The smaller the particle size is, the better the uniform mixing state can be obtained. However, in consideration of the application method and application amount, the particle size range is preferably 0.1 to 5.0 mm with a sieve opening. , Preferably 0.2 to 4.0 mm, more preferably 0.3 to 3.5 m
m is more preferable. Particles having a diameter of less than 0.1 mm tend to be dusty, which is disadvantageous in terms of worker health. Particles having a diameter of more than 5 mm are not preferred because they may easily be classified and may cause uneven application. The average particle size of the bioactive substance-containing granules before mixing is x ₁ , x ₂ (x
₁ ≧ x _2, the maximum value of x ₁ is 3 or more when, when x ₂ is the minimum value) to be, in order to uniformly mix is required to be a x ₂ 0.2x ₁ or more , and the preferably 0.3x ₁ or more, and more preferably in a 0.5x ₁ or more.

The mixing method is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a mixer having a mixing mechanism such as convection, diffusion, and shearing, and a method of mixing manually. Examples of the mixing machine include a container rotating type in which the mixing container rotates, a container fixing type in which the mixing container is fixed and the mixing blades are mixed inside by rotating or blowing airflow, and a composite type in which these are combined. Can also be used.

The mixing ratio of the bioactive substance-containing granules used as the compounding raw material is not particularly limited. However, if the proportion is too large, the effect of small amounts of application may be impaired. The mixing ratio of the contained particulate matter is preferably 50 times or less by weight, more preferably 20 times or less, and further preferably 15 times or less. In addition, when the amount of the required bioactive substance is greatly different, the proportion of the bioactive substance in the smaller bioactive substance-containing particulate matter is adjusted to be small, and the amount used as the blending material is increased. It is desirable that the mixing ratio be set to the above-mentioned mixing ratio.

The biologically active substance in the present invention means a substance which is active against organisms related to agriculture, forestry, horticulture and the like as described above. It is used for the purpose of breeding and protecting the body, increasing the yield, improving the quality of crops, controlling disease, controlling pests, controlling pests, controlling weeds, and further promoting and suppressing the growth of crops according to the purpose of use. And an effect such as dwarfing, and specific examples include pesticides, fertilizers, and microorganisms.

As pesticides, disease control agents, pest control agents,
Pest control agents, weed control agents, and plant growth regulators can be used, and any of these can be used without limitation. Disease control agents are agents used to protect agricultural crops and the like from harmful effects of pathogenic microorganisms, and mainly include fungicides. Pest control agents are agents that control pests such as crops, and mainly include insecticides. Pest control agents are agents used to control plant parasitic mites, plant parasitic nematodes, wild rats, birds, and other pests that damage crops and the like. A weed control agent is an agent used for controlling plant plants that are harmful to crops, trees, and the like, and is also called a herbicide. A plant growth regulator is a drug used for the purpose of promoting or suppressing the physiological function of a plant.

The pesticide used in the present invention is preferably in the form of a solid powder at room temperature, but may be liquid at room temperature. In the present invention, the pesticide may be water-soluble, hardly water-soluble, or water-insoluble, and is not particularly limited. Specific examples of pesticides that can be used in the present invention are shown below.
These are only examples and are not limited. Further, the pesticide may be one kind or may be composed of two or more kinds of composite components.

Specifically, (E) -N ¹ -[(6-chloro-3-pyridyl) methyl] -N ² -cyano-N ¹ -methylacetamidine (generic name: acetamiprid), 1-
(6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl) -N-nitroimidazolidin-2-ylideneamine (generic name: imidacloprid), O, O-diethyl-S-2- (ethylthio)
Ethyl phosphorodithioate (generic name: ethylthiomethone), 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethyl-7-benzo [b] furanyl = N-dibutylaminothio-N-methylcarbamate (generic name: carbosulfan) ), (E)
-N- (6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl) -N-ethyl-N'-methyl-2-nitrovinylidenediamine (generic name: nitenpyram), (±) -5-amino- (2,6
-Dichloro-α, α, α-trifluoro-p-toluyl) -4-trifluoromethylsulfinylpyrazole-3-carbonitrile (generic name: fipronil), butyl = 2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran -7-yl = N, N′-dimethyl-N, N′-thiodicarbamate (general name: furatiocarb), ethyl = N
-[2,3-dihydro-2,2-dimethylbenzofuran-7-yloxycarbonyl (methyl) aminothio]-
N-isopropyl-β-alaninate (generic name: benflacarb),

1-naphthyl-N-methylcarbamate (generic name: NAC), (1RS, 3SR) -2,2-dichloro-N- [1- (4-chlorophenyl) ethyl]-
1-ethyl-3-methylcyclopropanecarboxamide (generic name: carpropamide), 5-methyl-1,2,4
-Triazolo [3,4-b] benzothiazole (generic name: tricyclazole), 1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyrrolo [3,2,1-ij] quinolin-4-one (generic name: pyroquilon), ( RS) -5-chloro-N-
(1,3-dihydro-1,1,3-trimethylisobenzofuran-4-yl) -1,3-dimethylpyrazole-
4-carboxamide (generic name: furametopyr), 3-allyloxy-1,2-benzisothiazole-1,1-
Dioxide (generic name: probenazole),

2-chloro-4-ethylamino-6-isopropylamino-s-triazine (general name: atrazine), 1- (2-chloroimidazo [1,2-a] pyridin-3-ylsulfonyl) -3 -(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-ylurea (generic name: imazosulfuron), S-benzyl = 1,2-dimethylpropyl (ethyl) thiocarbamate (generic name: esprocarb), ethyl = (RS) -2 -[4- (6-chloroquinoxalin-2-yloxy) phenoxy] propionate (generic name: quizalofop butyl), butyl = (R) -2- [4
-(4-cyano-2-fluorophenoxy) phenoxy] propionate (generic name: cyhalofop butyl);
2-methylthio-4-ethylamino-6- (1,2-dimethylpropylamino) -s-triazine (generic name: dimethamethrin), 2-methylthio-4,6-bis (ethylamino) -s-triazine (general Name: simetryn),

1- (α, α-dimethylbenzyl) -3-
(Paratolyl) urea (generic name: Daimulon), 2-chloro-N- (3-methoxy-2-thenyl) -2 ′, 6′-
Dimethylacetanilide (generic name: tenylchlor),
α- (2-naphthoxy) propionanilide (generic name:
Naproanilide), methyl 3-chloro-5- (4,6
-Dimethoxypyrimidin-2-ylcarbamoylsulfamoyl) -1-methylpyrazole-4-carboxylate (generic name: halosulfuronmethyl), ethyl = 5-
(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-ylcarbamoylsulfamoyl) -1-methylpyrazole-4-carboxylate (generic name: pyrazosulfuronethyl), S
-(4-chlorobenzyl) -N, N-diethylthiocarbamate (generic name: benthiocarb), methyl = α-
(4,6-dimethoxypyrimidin-2-ylcarbamoylsulfamoyl) -o-toluate (generic name: bensulfuronmethyl), 2-benzothiazol-2-yloxy-N-methylacetanilide (generic name: mefenacet) and the like. Can be mentioned.

Further, examples of the pesticide in the present invention include a substance which is synthesized by a plant after contact with the plant and induces phytoalexin, which is a low molecular antibacterial substance which accumulates in the plant.

As the microorganisms, those having an effect of suppressing the propagation of pathogenic microorganisms can be used. Specifically, the genus Trichoderma (Trichoderma lignorum, Trichoderma bilidi, etc.), the genus Gliocladium (Gliocladium bilens, etc.), the genus Cephalosporium,
Filamentous fungi such as Coniosilium, Spolidesmium, Laetizaria, Agrobacterium (Agrobacterium radiobacter), Bacillus (Bacillus subtilis), Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas sp.)
Sepacia, Pseudomonas Gourmet, Pseudomonas
Gradioli, Pseudomonas flouressence, Pseudomonas aureofaciens, Pseudomonas putida, etc.), Xanthomonas, Erwinia, Arthrobacter, Corynebacterium,

Enterobacter, Azotobacter,
Flavobacterium spp., Streptomyces sp. (Streptomyces achromogenus, Streptomyces sp.
Phaeopaperence, Streptomyces hygroscopicus, Streptomyces nitrosporence,
Streptomyces barnensis), Actinoplanes, Alcaligenes, Amorphosporangium, Cellulomonas, Micromonospora, Pasteuria, Hafnia, Rhizobium, Bradyrizobium, Serratia, Lastonia (Lastonia solanacearum) and actinomycetes.

Among these, those which can be preferably used include:
It is an antibacterial active substance producing bacterium. Specifically, it is a Pseudomonas bacterium having a high antibacterial substance-producing ability. Examples of the strains that produce antibiotics include Pseudomonas cepacia, which produces the antibiotic pyrrolnitrin (versus Japanese radish wilt fungus), and the antibiotic phenazinecarboxylic acid. Pseudomonas flora essence, which produces (eg, against wheat damping-off fungus), pyrrolenitrin, and piorteolin (with respect to cotton seedling-killing fungus, cucumber seedling-killing fungus), and furthermore, does not use iron in soil as a pathogen. Fluorescent Pseudomonas spp. (Pseudomonas putida, Pseudomonas flouressence, etc.) producing iron chelate siderophore (pseudobactin, fluorescent siderophore: pioverdin) which can be used only in plants.

Other microorganisms include Agrobacterium radiobacter, which produces the bacteriocin agrosine 84 (antiapical carcinoma), and growth-promoting rhizobacteria (PG) which produce growth-promoting substances such as plant hormones.
PR as fluorescent Pseudomonas (Pseudomonas
And Bacillus genus. In particular, CDU-degrading bacteria (Pseudomonas sp., Arthrobacter sp., Corynebacterium sp., Agrobacterium sp., Etc.) and Streptomyces sp. Strains (for example, microfabrication research deposit No. 10533 disclosed in Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-26462). No.) is preferably used because it has a remarkable deterrent against pathogenic fungi transmitted by soil.

As the fertilizer, nitrogenous fertilizer, phosphate fertilizer,
In addition to potassium fertilizers, fertilizers containing calcium, magnesium, sulfur, iron, trace elements, silicon and the like, which are essential components of plants, can be mentioned. Specific examples of the nitrogenous fertilizer include ammonium sulfate, urea, and ammonium nitrate, as well as isobutyraldehyde condensed urea and acetaldehyde condensed urea. The potassium fertilizer includes potassium sulfate, potassium chloride, and silicic acid fertilizer, and the form thereof is not particularly limited. Advanced chemical fertilizers, compound fertilizers, and organic fertilizers in which the total amount of the three components of the fertilizer is 30% or more may be used. Further, a fertilizer to which a nitrification inhibitor or an agricultural chemical is added may be used.

The composition of the bioactive substance-containing granular material is not particularly limited as long as the composition contains the bioactive substance.
It may be a granular substance composed of only the biologically active substance, or a granular substance composed of the biologically active substance and auxiliary agents such as a bulking agent and a binder. Mineral substance fine powder or water-soluble powder can be used as the extender. Examples of the mineral substance fine powder include diatomaceous earth, talc, clay, bentonite, zeolite, and calcium carbonate. Examples of the water-soluble powder include lactose, fructose, sucrose, glucose, saccharides such as dextrin and starch, urea or sulfuric acid, phosphoric acid, and the like. Examples of the binder include polyvinyl alcohol, lignin sulfonates, molasses, carboxymethyl cellulose, polyacrylates, polyethylene glycol, surfactants, and liquid paraffin. These extenders may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Also, if necessary, other auxiliary agents such as absorbent fine powder, grinding aid, decomposition inhibitor, colorant,
An antifoaming agent or the like can be added.

The method for producing the biologically active substance-containing granules may be any of granulation methods such as extrusion granulation, tumbling granulation, coating granulation and crushing granulation. Generally, one or more biologically active substances are mixed or one or more biologically active substances are mixed with other raw materials, granulated by any granulation method, dried, sieved, and then subjected to drying. A particulate containing material can be obtained.
Similar granular materials can be obtained by adsorbing or coating a granular material with one or more biologically active substances.

When mixing two or more types of bioactive substance-containing particles, it is desirable that the shape of each particle is the same. The particle shape is a variable factor of other physical properties such as bulk specific gravity, angle of repose, flow characteristics and the like, and has a great influence on uniform mixing. In the present invention, the particle shape of the bioactive substance-containing particles is defined as a minimum diameter / maximum diameter. Representatively expressed as a ratio. Minimum diameter /
The method of measuring the maximum diameter ratio is to magnify and display the particles with a microscope or the like, take a picture or display it on a monitor connected to a personal computer, etc., and determine the shortest part between the parallel lines sandwiching the particles as the minimum diameter, Measure the distance with the long part as the maximum diameter. In this way, the ratio of the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter of one grain is calculated, 100 grains are measured, and the average value is calculated. Minimum diameter /
The maximum value of the maximum diameter ratio is 1, and a preferable shape in the above-mentioned particle diameter is an average value of the minimum diameter / maximum diameter ratio of 0.5 or more,
More preferably, it is 0.6 or more. When the average value of the minimum diameter / maximum diameter ratio is less than 0.5, when mixed with a granular material having a minimum diameter / maximum diameter ratio close to 1, the shape is so different that it is difficult to mix uniformly, which may cause uneven application. There is.

In order to mix the bioactive substance-containing granules in a short time, the particle diameters are preferably uniform. Usually, the particle size range can be controlled by sieving, but in the present invention, the above-described minimum diameter is measured, and the average value of 100 particles is defined as the average particle size.
The average particle size of the bioactive substance-containing granules before mixing is x ₁ , x ₂ (x ₁ ≧ x ₂ , x ₁ is the maximum value when there are three or more types,
x ₂ is the minimum value), respectively sigma ₁ standard deviation, when the sigma _2, may be between _{(x 1 -3σ 1) <(} x 2 + 3σ 2). This relationship, (x ₁ -2σ ₁₎ <more preferably from _{(x 2 + 2σ 2),} (x 1 -1.5σ 1) <(x 2 +
More preferably, it is 1.5σ ₂ ). The particle size distribution of the bioactive substance-containing particulate can be regarded as a normal distribution,
As the difference of x ₁ and x ₂ is less good. (X ₁ −3σ ₁ ) ≧ (x
_In the case of ₂ + 3σ ₂ ), the difference between x ₁ and x ₂ is too large, and it is difficult to homogenize by mixing.

The bulk specific gravity differs during the process of forming the biologically active substance-containing granules, and differs depending on the material composition and the granulation method. However, if the bulk specific gravity is too large, there is a problem in uniform mixing. However, in the case of the material according to the invention, 3 mg
/ Grain with an approximate diameter of 1.0 to 1.5 mm, 150
mg / grain, the approximate diameter is 4-5mm,
What is necessary is just to prepare particles of a desired weight based on these particle diameters.

In the present invention, it is preferable to use a bioactive substance-containing granular material whose surface is coated with a coating material containing a resin since the release of each bioactive substance can be arbitrarily controlled. As such, for example,
Commercially available LP coats (manufactured by Chisso Corporation) and long coats (manufactured by Asahi Chemical Industry Co., Ltd.) are exemplified. In this case, the resin may be either a thermoplastic resin or a thermosetting resin, and an auxiliary component may be added. When the coated bioactive substance-containing granules are used in the present invention, those coated with a thermoplastic resin, particularly an olefin resin such as polyethylene or polypropylene, are preferable.

As the auxiliary component used for coating the granular material containing a biologically active substance, fine powder having a particle size of 0.1 to 100 μm is preferable, fine powder of mineral substances such as talc and mica, sugar polymer powder such as starch, and sulfur. And metal complexes such as iron acetylacetone and nickel dibutyldithiocarbamate. Various functions such as decomposition and release pattern of the coating can be added to the coated bioactive substance-containing granular material.

The bioactive substance-containing granules of the present invention have a slow-release or sustained-release function in which the release of the bioactive substance is maintained for at least one day after application (hereinafter, referred to as a sustained-release function). Is preferred. Furthermore, a release pattern consisting of a release suppression period in which the release of the biologically active substance is suppressed for a certain period after application and a period in which the biologically active substance is gradually released after the elapse of the period, that is, a timed release type sustained release function. The biologically active substance-containing particulate material is more preferable. Specifically, the period from application to 10% of the biologically active substance-containing particulate material releasing the biologically active substance is defined as a release suppression period, and then 1
When the period of releasing the bioactive substance from 0% to 90% is defined as the release period, the ratio of the release inhibition period / release period is 0.2 or more, preferably 0.4 or more and 10 or less, more preferably 0.5 or less. This is a granular material having an emission pattern of 5 or more.

The timed release type sustained release function may be based on any mechanism. Practically, a method of controlling the disintegration of particles by a granulation technique, a method of bonding to or being contained in a polymer, a method of coating with a resin, and the like can be mentioned. Examples of timed release by coating include JP-A-6-9303, JP-A-6-9304,
Coating compositions disclosed in JP-A-6-72805 and JP-A-6-80514 can be exemplified. Each of these coatings is composed of two coating layers, and it is preferable that the coating be a single layer from the viewpoint of the complexity of the coating operation and the cost of capital investment for manufacturing equipment.

The coated bioactive substance-containing particulate material which achieves a time-release type sustained release function with a single-layer film includes:
For example, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-77608 by the present applicant, a resin is the main component on the surface of the pesticide core particle composed of at least one pesticide component and at least one water-swellable substance. Coated pesticide granules coated with a coating can be mentioned. After the coated pesticide granule of this composition is applied to a field or the like, the moisture supplied to the field acts on the water-swellable substance of the core due to the moisture permeability of the film, and the pesticide core-like particles start swelling. Due to the stress caused by the swelling of the water-swellable substance, the coating collapses after a certain period of time, and the core material is directly exposed to the environment (soil, water, etc.) outside the coating.

Examples of the coating method include a fluidized-bed coating method, a spouted-bed coating method, and a rolling coating method. Any of these methods may be used. A spouted bed coating method in which a coating solution dissolved in a solution is spray-coated on the surface of a core material is preferred.

The cultivation method of the present invention is a method for cultivating agricultural crops using the composition of the granular material containing a biologically active substance of the present invention. The time of applying this composition is not particularly limited, and may be applied to a seedling raising container such as a seedling raising box or a seedling raising pot at the time of sowing or at the start of seedling raising, or applied to a gutter or the like when transplanting or sowing seedlings or seeds in this field. May be. According to the cultivation method of the present invention, it is possible to omit the operation of applying the bioactive substance-containing granular material a plurality of times, and it is possible to obtain a high effect with a small amount. Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to examples, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

[0046]

[Example] "Production of bioactive substance-containing granules"<Granule[1]> 1- (6-chloro-
3-pyridylmethyl) -N-nitroimidazolidin-2
-Ilideneamine (hereinafter abbreviated as CPNIA)
(Purity 70% by weight) 3 parts by weight, 70 parts by weight of bentonite, 26 parts by weight of clay, and 1 part by weight of magnesium ligninsulfonate were uniformly mixed, kneaded by adding water to a kneader. The mixture was extruded and granulated by a screw extrusion granulator (diameter of a die: 0.8 mm), and the granulated product was rotated using a rotary disk-type granulator (Fuji Paudal, Marumeraizer QJ400). The granules were sized under the following operating conditions to obtain granules. Next, the granulated product is subjected to 10
After drying at 0 ° C., the diameter is 1.0 to 1.4 mm by sieving.
(Sieve opening) granular material [1] was obtained. Operating conditions Operating method: Batch type Operating time: 1 min Plate pitch: 1 mm Number of revolutions: 788 r / min Charge: 2 kg (per time)

<Particulate [2]> According to the production example of the particulate [1], 5-methyl-1,2,4-triazolo [3,4-b] benzothiazole (purity: 75) was used as a bioactive substance. % By weight), 70 parts by weight of bentonite, 2 parts by weight of clay, 20 parts by weight of talc, and 1 part by weight of sodium ligninsulfonate were uniformly mixed, kneaded with a kneader.
The mixture was extruded and granulated by a screw extrusion granulator (diameter of a die: 0.8 mm), and the granulated product was dried by a fluidized bed drier and then sieved to a diameter of 0.3 to 1.7.
mm (mesh opening) granular material was obtained. Using the granulated material and the spouted bed coating apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the granulated material was converted into low-density polyethylene (MFR = 6.6 to 7.4 g /
10 min) 28% by weight, talc (average particle size 5 μm) 7
A coating material composition of 2% by weight with a coverage of 20
% To obtain a granular material [2]. The manufacturing conditions are shown below. One-fluid nozzle: opening 0.4 mm full cone type Uncoated bioactive substance-containing granules: 3 kg Hot air temperature: 110 ± 2 ° C. Hot air volume: 4 m ³ / min Spray flow rate: 0.2 kg / min Starting from the point when the material temperature reached 70 ° C., spraying was performed for a predetermined time, and then drying was performed for 10 minutes.

<Particulate [3]> According to the production example of the particulate [1], CPNIA (purity 70% by weight) is used as a bioactive substance.
6 parts by weight, 50 parts by weight of bentonite, 43 parts by weight of clay, and 1 part by weight of urea were uniformly mixed, kneaded by adding water in a kneader. The mixture was extruded and granulated by a screw extruder (diameter: 1.2 mm), and the granulated product was granulated by a rotating disk-type granulator (Fuji Paudal, Marumizer QJ400). Then, a granulated product was obtained. Next, the granulated material is dried at 100 ° C. using a hot air circulating drier, and then sieved to obtain a granular material having a diameter of 1.0 to 2.0 mm (mesh opening).
[3] was obtained.

<Particles [4]> Using the spouted bed coating apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the above-mentioned particles [1] were weighed at a low density polyethylene (MFR = 6.6-7.4 g / 10 min) at 25 wt. %, Talc (average particle size: 5 μm), 74% by weight, and ferric acetylacetone, 1% by weight.
Coating was performed so that the coverage ratio became 20%, and a granular material [4] was obtained.
The manufacturing conditions are shown below. The coverage is the ratio of the weight (b) of the coating to the coated bioactive substance-containing particulate when the sum of the weight (a) of the bioactive substance-containing particulate and the weight (b) of the coating is 100. Yes, the formula [b × 100 /
(A + b)]. (In the following examples, the coating rate was determined in the same manner.) For coating, a uniform coating material suspension having a concentration of 5.0% by weight, in which the coating material was dissolved and suspended in tetrachloroethylene, was used. Was. (In the following examples, coating material suspensions were prepared under the same conditions unless otherwise specified.) One-fluid nozzle: 0.4 mm full cone type Uncoated bioactive substance-containing particulates: 3 kg Hot air temperature : 110 ± 2 ° C Hot air volume: 4m ³ / min Spray flow rate: 0.2kg / min The coating process starts when the temperature of the flowing particulate material reaches 70 ° C, sprays for a predetermined time, and then is dried for 10 minutes. Was carried out.

<Granule [5]> According to the production example of the granule [4], the granule [3] was converted to a low-density polyethylene (MFR =
6.6-7.4 g / 10 min) 20% by weight, 1% by weight of polyethylene oxide (molecular weight 15000-40000), 79% by weight of talc (average particle diameter 5 μm), 1% by weight of ferric acetylacetone And a coating material having a coverage of 18% was obtained to obtain a granular material [5].

<Particles [6]> The spouted bed coating apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used, and the particle size range was 2.0 to 2.8 mm as a raw material.
(Open mesh) granular urea is converted to low-density polyethylene (MF
R = 6.6 to 7.4 g / 10 min) 40% by weight, 54% by weight of talc (average particle size: 5 μm), 5% by weight of corn starch, 1% by weight of ferric acetylacetone, and a coating rate of 10% Coated, granular material [6]
I got The manufacturing conditions are shown below. One-fluid nozzle: 0.6 mm opening full cone type Uncoated bioactive substance-containing granular material: 3 kg Hot air temperature: 100 ± 2 ° C. Hot air volume: 4 m ³ / min Spray flow rate: 0.2 kg / min

<Granular material [7]> Based on the production example of the granular material [6], as a raw material, a sulfurated ammonium phosphate (NP-O ₂ O ₅ ) having a particle size range of 1.4 to 2.0 mm (open mesh) was used. -K ₂ O = 13-13-1
3, manufactured by Chisso Corporation) using low-density polyethylene (MFR
= 6.6-7.4 g / 10 min) 30% by weight, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer (MFR = 2 g / 10 min,
Vinyl acetate content 25% by weight) 10% by weight, talc (average particle size 5 μm) 59% by weight, ferric acetylacetone 1
The coating was performed with a coating material composition of 12% by weight to obtain a granular material [7].

<Particle [8]> CPN as a bioactive substance
3 parts by weight of IA (purity 70% by weight), 70 parts by weight of bentonite, 26 parts by weight of clay, and 1 part by weight of magnesium ligninsulfonate were uniformly mixed, kneaded by adding water in a kneader. The mixture was extruded and granulated by a screw extrusion granulator (hole diameter of a die: 0.3 mm), and then the granulated product was dried by a fluidized bed drier and then sieved to obtain a particle size range of 0.
A granular material [8] having a size of 09 to 0.85 mm (mesh opening) was obtained.

<Particulate [9]> Commercially available CDU egg chemical conversion S
555 (manufactured by Chisso Corp.), and granules having a particle size range of 4.75 to 5.60 mm (mesh size) by sieving.
[9] was obtained.

<Particulate matter [10]> CPN as a bioactive substance
3 parts by weight of IA (purity 70% by weight), 70 parts by weight of bentonite, 26 parts by weight of clay, and 1 part by weight of magnesium ligninsulfonate were uniformly mixed, kneaded by adding water in a kneader. The mixture was extruded and granulated by a screw extrusion granulator (hole diameter of a die: 0.3 mm), and then the granulated product was dried by a fluidized bed drier and then sieved to obtain a particle size range of 0.
Granules having a size of 1 to 0.85 mm (mesh size) were obtained. Using the granulated product and the spouted bed coating apparatus shown in FIG. 1, the granulated product was converted into low-density polyethylene (MFR = 6.6 to
7.4 g / 10 min) 30% by weight, talc (average particle size 5 μm) 74% by weight, ferric acetylacetone 1% by weight
And coated so that the coverage ratio became 20% to obtain a granular material [10]. The manufacturing conditions are shown below. One-fluid nozzle: 0.3 mm opening full cone type Uncoated bioactive substance-containing granules: 3 kg Hot air temperature: 100 ± 2 ° C. Hot air volume: 3 m ³ / min Spray flow rate: 0.15 kg / min Starting from the point when the material temperature reached 70 ° C., spraying was performed for a predetermined time, and then drying was performed for 10 minutes.

[Measurement of Shape] For the granular materials [1] to [10],
After enlarged display of each particle, a photograph was taken, and the shortest part of the particle diameter was measured as the minimum diameter, and the longest part was measured as the maximum diameter. From the values thus measured, the ratio of the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter of one grain was calculated, and the average value was calculated for 100 grains. The average value of the minimum diameter of 100 grains was defined as the average particle diameter. Table 1 shows the average value of the minimum diameter / maximum diameter ratio and the measurement results of the average particle diameter.

[0057]

[Table 1]

Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 "Production of blend of granules containing bioactive substance" Granules [1] to [10] obtained in "Production of granules containing bioactive substance" described above. ]
Were blended to produce blends of the bioactive substance-containing granules of Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3. The apparatus shown in FIG. 1 was used for mixing, and operated under the condition without spraying. The bioactive substance-containing granular material as a blending raw material was charged so as to have a total weight of 5 kg, and air at 20 to 30 ° C. was blown at 4 m ³ / min and air-flow mixed for 3 minutes. After mixing was completed, the sample was taken out from the lower part of the spout tower while sampling for analysis. Using the average particle size and the standard deviation of each particulate matter measured in the above “shape measurement”, (x ₁ −3σ ₁ ) and (x ₂ +
3σ ₂ ) was calculated, and the results are shown in Table 2 together with the mixing conditions.

[0059]

[Table 2]

[Measurement of Pesticide Content] CPNI contained in Examples 1 to 6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3 as an index of the uniformity of mixing.
About A, the concentration analysis was performed before and after mixing. Table 3 shows the results. The data before mixing are analyzed for particulate matter [1], [3] to [5], [8] and [10] containing CPNIA, and the analysis values are based on the mixing ratios of the examples and comparative examples. This is the result of proportional calculation. The data after mixing are shown in Examples 1 to
6 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3, at the time of extraction from the lower part of the jet tower after the completion of mixing, 1
This is the result of zero sampling, analyzing the CPNIA concentration, and calculating the arithmetic mean value X and standard deviation S of the analysis values. In the analysis, the collected sample was pulverized, extracted with a solvent, and measured using a high performance liquid chromatograph (486 tunable UV / VIS detector manufactured by Waters).

[0061]

[Table 3]

As is clear from the results of Tables 1 to 3, Examples 1 to 6 were practical with little change in the pesticide content before and after mixing. On the other hand, Comparative Examples 1 to 3 do not seem to fluctuate much when viewed from the average, but the standard deviation is twice or more as large as Examples 1 to 6, and the pesticide components are unevenly distributed. From this, it was found that there was a problem in practical use, and there was a problem in quality.

Example 7 "Release Function Confirmation Test" The release function confirmation test of the granules [4] to [7] and [10] obtained by the above "Production of Bioactive Substance-Containing Granules" was performed. The release confirmation test was performed for granular
Regarding [4], [5], and [10], the time until the pesticide is released from the particles inside to the outside due to cracking of the film of the granular material and destruction of the film (release start time) Is measured. The test method was performed according to the following description. A test tube with cap (12 mm × 72 m) was used using granular materials [2], [4], [5] and [10] containing a pesticide as a bioactive substance.
1.5 ml of water was added to m), and one cap was charged per test tube, followed by capping. Using 100 tubes (particles) for each granular material, the number of film collapses of the granular material was counted at a constant water temperature of 25 ° C. Observation was performed daily from the start of the test, and the cumulative number of disintegrations was defined as the cumulative release rate. The observation results are plotted with the cumulative release rate on the vertical axis and the number of days elapsed on the horizontal axis, and a graph is created by plotting the respective data. The number of days from the start of the test to 10% release (release suppression period) is represented by “d
1 ", and the number of days (release period) up to 90% release thereafter was" d2 ". Apart from this, granules [4],
[5] Each 1 g was put into a fixed amount of water, immersed in water under a constant water temperature of 25 ° C., and after a certain period of time, the particulate matter was taken out, the particulate matter and the aqueous solution were separated, and dissolved in water. Pesticides were quantified. The concentration of the pesticide in the aqueous solution was measured using a high performance liquid chromatograph (486 tunable UV / VIS detector manufactured by Waters). As a result, it was confirmed that no pesticide was detected when the granular film did not collapse, in other words, when the release rate was 0%, the pesticide did not elute through the film.

Granules using a fertilizer as a bioactive substance [6], [7]
Each 10 g was immersed in 200 ml of water and allowed to stand at 25 ° C. After a predetermined period, the fertilizer and water were separated, and nitrogen eluted in the water was determined by quantitative analysis. 200 ml of fresh water was added to the fertilizer, and the mixture was allowed to stand at 25 ° C. again. After a predetermined period, the same analysis was performed. Such an operation was repeated, and the relationship between the cumulative amount of nitrogen eluted in water and the number of days was graphed to prepare an elution rate curve, and the number of days until the 90% elution rate was obtained. The number of days from the start of immersion to 10% elution is referred to as "D1".
The number of days up to 90% elution thereafter was defined as "D2". Table 4 shows the release (elution) test results of the particulates [2], [4] to [7], and [10].

[0065]

[Table 4]

Example 8 "Cultivation test" A cultivation test was carried out using the blend of the bioactive substance-containing granular material of the present invention. (Cultivation Example 1) As seedbed for raising seedlings, 3,000 g of black cultivated soil (Kumiai Kyoyusha Co., Ltd.) was 58 g in length.
cm, 28cm wide, 3cm deep in a rice seedling raising box,
The surface was flattened, and 100 g of the mixture of the granules containing the biologically active substance of Example 2 and germinated seed rice (variety: Kuma Morino)
150 g were seeded and applied in a uniform and layered manner. On top of this,
The soil was covered using 1000 g of the same soil as the floor soil, and the water was sufficiently irrigated. The seedling raising boxes were raised at a temperature of 18 to 28 ° C for 20 days. Nursery management was in accordance with the conventional method except that watering was appropriately performed so that the surface layer did not dry.

(Cultivation Example 2) As a flooring for raising seedlings, 3000 g of a black grain cultivated soil (manufactured by Kumiai Kyoyusha Co., Ltd.) was placed in a nursery box for paddy rice having an inner size of 58 cm in length, 28 cm in width and 3 cm in depth. The seedlings were grown in the same manner as in Cultivation Example 1 except that the surface was flattened and 100 g of the mixture of the bioactive substance-containing granules of Comparative Example 3 was used.

(Reference Example) Seedlings were grown in the same manner as in Cultivation Example 1 except that the compound of the bioactive substance-containing granular material was not used.

As a result of observing the seedling raising in the cultivation examples 1 and 2 and the reference example, the cultivation example 1 was able to cultivate the same seedling as the reference example, whereas the cultivation example 2 was able to raise the seedlings. And some showed signs of phytotoxicity. After the seedlings were cultivated, they were cultivated in a miniature paddy field in Minamata City, Kumamoto Prefecture. It was confirmed that the seedlings in Cultivation Example 1 were growing as in conventional cultivation.

[0070]

According to the present invention, by cultivating agricultural crops using the composition of the biologically active substance-containing granular material of the present invention, the application efficiency of the biologically active substance can be improved and the labor for application can be reduced. In particular, when using a blend of granules containing biologically active substances using coated granules, the leakage of pesticides during the release suppression period is suppressed, and without causing growth disorders at the beginning of cultivation, it is necessary for the cultivation period. Since the entire amount or most of the pesticide can be applied simultaneously with sowing or transplanting, the application of the biologically active substance-containing granular material can be significantly reduced without causing phytotoxicity. Furthermore, a mixture of granular particles containing a bioactive substance containing both pesticides and fertilizers as components, and using those coated with these particles, can greatly reduce the time and effort of applying fertilizers and pesticides. it can.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a spouted bed coating apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Spout tower 2: Spray nozzle 3: Bioactive substance-containing granular material 4: Hot air supply pipe 5: Coating material introduction pipe 6: Guide pipe 7: Extraction port

Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat II (reference) C05G 3/02 C05G 3/02 5/00 5/00 Z F term (reference) 4H011 AA01 AA03 AB01 AC01 BA02 BB09 BB10 BC06 BC07 BC14 BC18 BC19 BC20 DA02 DC06 DD04 DF02 DG06 DH02 4H061 AA01 AA02 AA04 DD04 DD06 DD18 EE35 FF08 HH02 HH34 HH50 KK01 KK02 KK03 KK07 LL15

Claims (11)

[Claims] The present invention relates to a granular material comprising at least one biologically active substance and a granular substance comprising at least two biologically active substances selected from the group consisting of a granular substance containing at least one biologically active substance. The substance-containing particulate matter is 0.1 to 5.
A formulation of bioactive substance-containing granules, having a particle size range of 0 mm. 2. The bioactive substance-containing particulate according to claim 1, wherein each of the bioactive substance-containing granules has a shape having an average value of a minimum diameter / maximum diameter ratio of 0.5 or more. A blend of granules. 3. The blend of granules containing a bioactive substance according to claim 1, wherein one of the granules containing a bioactive substance is a granule containing a pesticide. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein one of the bioactive substance-containing granules is a pesticide-containing granule and the other is a fertilizer granule or a fertilizer-containing granule.
Or a blend of granules containing a biologically active substance according to 2. 5. A release inhibition period in which the release of the bioactive substance is suppressed for at least one period of time after application of one or more of the bioactive substance-containing granules, and a release period in which the release of the bioactive substance is continued after a predetermined period of time. 5. A time-release type sustained release function comprising:
A formulation of the biologically active substance-containing granule according to the above item. 6. The bioactive substance-containing granule according to claim 1, wherein at least one of the bioactive substance-containing granules is coated with a coating material containing a resin. A mixture of things. 7. The average particle size of the two biologically active substance-containing granules.
X₁, X_Two(X₁≧ x_Two), Standard deviation respectively
σ₁, Σ_TwoThen, (x₁-3σ₁) <(X _Two+ 3σ_Two)
7. The method according to claim 1, wherein
A blend of the biologically active substance-containing granules according to claim 1. 8. A method of mixing two or more types of particulates containing a bioactive substance selected from the group consisting of a particulate substance comprising at least one biologically active substance and a particulate substance comprising at least one biologically active substance, A method for producing a blend of bioactive substance-containing granules, characterized by using bioactive substance-containing granules having a diameter range of 0.1 to 5.0 mm. 9. The average value of the ratio of the minimum diameter to the maximum diameter of 0.5, respectively.
The method for producing a blend of bioactive substance-containing granules according to claim 8, wherein the bioactive substance-containing granules having the above-mentioned shape are used. 10. When the average particle diameter of the two types of biologically active substance-containing granules is x ₁ and x ₂ (x ₁ ≧ x ₂ ) and the standard deviations are σ ₁ and σ ₂ , respectively, (x ₁ − 3σ ₁ ) <(x ₂ +3
The method for producing a blend of bioactive substance-containing granules according to claim 8 or 9, wherein the bioactive substance-containing granules prepared to satisfy σ ₂ ) are mixed. 11. A method for cultivating an agricultural crop, comprising applying the composition of the granular material containing a biologically active substance according to any one of claims 1 to 7.