JP2001198830A - Shot blasting apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a shot blasting apparatus capable of forming a large part like a part for aircraft with high efficiency, using a centrifugal projector. SOLUTION: The centrifugal projector 4 is installed in a projector room 3 and formed so as to operate on three-axis of lifting, swinging, and turning.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a shot blast device equipped with a centrifugal projector, and more particularly to a shot blast device capable of forming a three-dimensional shape by projecting a polishing material onto a processing material.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When an abrasive is projected onto a flat material surface, the surface portion of the material is work-hardened and the residual compressive strength is increased, thereby increasing strength and fatigue life (peening effect).
Is obtained. When the material thickness is small in the above state, the projected portion is deformed in a convex shape (forming effect).
Therefore, the amount of deformation of the material can be controlled by changing the energy (size, hardness, amount, speed, projection direction, projection distance, projection density, etc.) of the blasted material. Can be formed three-dimensionally.

[0003] At present, it is common practice to form outer skin parts such as wings of an aircraft by performing forming using a large-diameter abrasive and then peening using a small-diameter abrasive. (Peen forming).

In the conventional forming process, an air blast method has been mainly employed. However, this method has an advantage that the position control of the injection nozzle can be easily performed, but the work efficiency is poor (1/10 or less of the projector method),
It is not suitable for processing large parts. On the other hand, in the projector system, since a plurality of projectors are installed outside the projection chamber in a fixed state, when the forming process has a complicated shape, a fine projection position cannot be set, and a desired regular shape is not obtained. It is difficult to mold. Therefore, in the past, molding of small parts such as ribs by the air blast method has been the mainstream,
There has been a demand for the development of a projector system that can handle large parts.

The advantages of the peen forming by the shot method include: Does not require expensive presses and dies. 2. During molding, the fatigue life is improved and the resistance to stress corrosion cracking is increased. 3. Molding at normal temperature is possible. 4. There is no need for heat treatment and flaw inspection after the completion of the molding process. 5. When the molding design is changed, it can be handled by changing the projection conditions, and there is no need to change tools. Etc., and molding can be performed with high quality and at low cost.

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a shot blasting apparatus capable of efficiently forming large parts such as aircraft parts using a projector system.

[0007]

According to the present invention, there is provided a shot blasting machine equipped with a centrifugal projector, wherein the centrifugal projector is installed in a projection chamber.
It is characterized in that it is configured to be able to operate in three axes, elevating, swinging and turning.

In the present invention, the centrifugal projector can take various postures in the projection chamber by controlling each axis capable of ascending / descending, swinging, and turning. Can be formed into a three-dimensional shape.

Further, the shot blasting device of the present invention comprises:
A processing material conveying device is provided, and one centrifugal projector is disposed on each side of the processing material.

[0010] Abrasive material is projected from both front and back surfaces of the processing material,
In addition, it changes the energy (size, hardness, amount, speed, projection direction, projection distance, projection density, etc.) of the abrasive material projected onto the front and back surfaces, the projection width, and the moving speed of the processing material. Thereby, the formability and shape accuracy of the processing material can be improved.

Further, the shot blasting device of the present invention comprises:
An air blast nozzle is attached to a main body of the centrifugal projector.

By providing an air blast nozzle in addition to the centrifugal projector, the air blast nozzle can perform a local forming process, which is advantageous for obtaining a detailed shape.

Further, the centrifugal projector according to the present invention comprises a main body and a housing for supporting the main body,
Furthermore, an elevating body that supports the housing is provided, and a swing mechanism of the main body is provided on the housing, and a turning mechanism of the housing is provided on the elevating body.

[0014] By configuring the centrifugal projector as described above, it is possible to operate the three axes of the centrifugal projector, elevating / lowering, swinging and turning.

[0015]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an external view showing the entire shot blasting apparatus of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a sectional front view of the apparatus. FIG. 1 shows a transfer device 1 and a shot blast device 2 for a work material 10. The transport device 1 suspends the processing material 10 via a suspension beam 12 by a plurality of traveling hoists 11, and carries the processing material 10 into the shot blast device 2 by running the hoist 11 on the rail 13. It has become.

In the shot blasting apparatus 2, two centrifugal projectors 4 are arranged inside the projection chamber 3, one on each side of the processing material 10, and a curtain 31 at the center of the projection chamber 3 is moved. Processing material 10 that has been pushed out
The processing material 10 is formed by projecting the abrasive material from the projector 4. After the processing, the processing material 10 is carried out of the projection chamber 3 by the transfer device 1 to the rear.

The projector 4 is configured to be able to ascend, descend, swing and turn in the projection chamber 3. Here, for the sake of convenience, the moving axis of the hoist 11 for transporting the processing material 10 is “X axis”, and the moving axis for moving the projector 4 up and down is “Y”.
An axis, a rotation axis for swinging the projector 4 are defined as “A axis”, and a rotation axis for turning the projector 4 is defined as “C axis”.

FIG. 3 shows the lifting mechanism 5 of the projector 4. FIG.
FIG. 3 is a perspective view schematically showing an elevating mechanism 5 of the projector 4 on one side in FIG. 2. The projector 4 is pivotally supported on a lifting / lowering body 51 constituted by a box or a frame by a turning shaft 61, and the lifting / lowering body 51 is connected to a counterweight 54 via a plurality of chains 52 via sprockets 53. And the counterweight 54 are balanced in weight. Then, the sprocket 53 is rotated by the forward / reverse rotation of the lifting / lowering motor 55, and the lifting / lowering body 51 and the projector 4 are raised / lowered via the chain 52. In FIG. 3, when the lifting / lowering motor 55 rotates clockwise as viewed from the input side, the lifting / lowering body 51 and the projector 4 descend, and the counterweight 54 rises.

4A and 4B show the attitude of the projector 4 when the A axis = 0 ° and the C axis = 0 °, wherein FIG. 4A is a top view, and FIG.
Is a rear view, (c) is a side view, and (d) is a front view. 5A and 5B show the attitude of the projector 4 when the A axis is 0 ° and the C axis is 90 °, and FIG. 5A is a top view and FIG.
Is a rear view, (c) is a side view, and (d) is a front view. FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the attitude of the projector 4 when the A-axis is operated.
(A) shows the case where the A axis is 0 °, (b) shows the case where the A axis is −45 °, and (c) shows the case where the A axis is + 45 °.

As shown in these figures, the projector 4 includes a projector main body 41 and a housing 42. The projector main body 41 is supported by the housing 42 by a swing shaft 71, and the housing 42 is pivoted. The shaft 61 is supported by the lifting / lowering body 51. The projection pattern 40 of the abrasive material projected from the projector body 41 has a flat fan-like shape.

The elevating body 51 is adapted to move up and down along two guide posts 56 on both the left and right sides.
The lifting / lowering body 51 is vertically guided while being sandwiched by three guide rollers 57 attached to four locations (one each in the left, right, up, and down directions). Therefore, here, the moving axis of the elevating body 51 is the Y axis of the projector 4. The Y-axis may be constituted by a screw and a screw nut, a cylinder with an electric motor, or the like.

The turning mechanism 6 of the projector 4 is provided on the elevating body 51, and the swinging mechanism 7 of the projector main body 41 includes a housing 42.
It is provided in. The turning mechanism 6 is configured by connecting a motor-equipped cylinder 63 to an arm 62 attached to a turning shaft 61.
The projector 4 turns around the center (C-axis turning center) 60 of the turning shaft 61. In this embodiment, the abrasive material projection pattern 40 from the projector 4 is defined as 0 ° in the state of FIG. 4 where the horizontal spread is made, and 90 ° in the state of FIG. 5 where the spread is vertical.
A turning angle of 0 ° to 90 ° is secured. Therefore, here, the turning shaft 61 of the housing 42 constitutes the C axis of the projector 4.

The oscillating mechanism 7 of the projector main body 41 has a structure in which an arm 72 attached to an oscillating shaft 71 is connected to a cylinder 73 with a motor.
The projector main body 41 turns around the center (the A-axis turning center) 70 of the swing shaft 71 due to the expansion and contraction of. In this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the neutral position of the projector 4 is set to 0 ° (FIG. 6A), and the projection direction is changed from upward 45 ° (FIG. 6B) to downward 45 ° ((c)). Up to 90 °). Therefore, here, the swing shaft 71 of the projector main body 41 constitutes the A axis of the projector 4.

The turning mechanism 6 and the swing mechanism 7 are
In each case, a motor-equipped cylinder is used, but the rotation angle of each shaft 61, 71 may be controlled via a gear transmission mechanism.

FIG. 6 shows a state in which the air blast nozzle 8 is attached to the projector main body 41. The air blast nozzle 8 is fixed by a mounting bracket 81, and has a structure in which the projection distance to the processing material 10 can be arbitrarily changed and can be removed when not in use. The supply of the abrasive material to the air blast nozzle 8 is performed by a general direct pressure blast tank, and the injection amount and the injection pressure can be variably adjusted (not shown).

This embodiment is configured as described above. Next, FIGS. 7 to 12 show the relationship between the set angles of the respective axes and the attitude of the projector 4 at the time of forming the working material. In the figure, a and b indicate the horizontal and vertical projection widths of the projection pattern 40, respectively, and c indicates the projection distance to the processing material.

The machining procedure is as follows: A-axis (swinging shaft 71)
And after turning the C-axis (the turning axis 61) to the set angle,
A polishing material is projected from each projector 4 while moving the axis or the Y axis, and the processing material 10 is processed. At this time, the speed of the abrasive material is controlled by changing the rotation speed of each projector 4, the amount of the abrasive material supplied to the projector 4 is controlled, and the X-axis or Y-axis By controlling the moving speed and limiting the projection range, the processing material 10 is processed into a predetermined three-dimensional bending shape. The projector 4 is capable of adjusting the projection speed of the abrasive by controlling the driving motor (not shown) by inverter control and variably controlling the motor rotation speed by frequency change. Further, the amount of the abrasive material supplied to the projector 4 can be controlled by a projection amount control device (not shown).

FIG. 7 shows that both the A-axis and the C-axis are set to 0 °,
The state at the time of performing the peen forming of the processing material 10 is shown. At this time, the projector 4 is in the vertical position at the neutral position, and the projection pattern 40 of the abrasive material has a fan shape extending horizontally. Therefore, by moving the X-axis by the transfer device 1 of the processing material 10 in this state, the processing material 10
Is processed only in a narrow range of the projection width a, and by moving the Y axis of the projector 4 by the elevating mechanism 5, a wide range of the projection width b can be processed.

FIG. 10 shows a state where the A-axis is set at 0 ° and the C-axis is set at 90 °, and the work material 10 is subjected to the peening process. At this time, the projector 4 is turned to a horizontal posture by the turning mechanism 6. That is, the projection pattern 40 is changed in direction from the horizontal fan shape in FIG. 7 to the vertical fan shape. By moving the Y-axis of the projector 4 in this state, the processing material 10 is processed only in a narrow range of the projection width a, and by moving the X-axis of the processing material 10, the projection width b
A wide range of can be processed.

In the state shown in FIG. 7, when the processing material 10 is processed by moving the X axis, the projection width is increased from a to b by rotating the C axis in the direction of 90 °. To set the projection width required for processing the work material 10 by rotating the C axis, and to project on one side of the work material 10 while controlling the size, amount, and projection speed of the abrasive material, and the transport speed and stop position of the X axis. Thereby, forming processing of an arbitrary shape is possible. Also, by processing both surfaces of the processing material 10 using one projector 4 on each side installed on both sides of the processing material 10, peening of the front and back surfaces is possible (normal peening is usually performed. Use a polishing material with a smaller diameter than at the time of forming, and perform the polishing on the processed material from the left and right simultaneous positions.)

The edge portion of the processing material 10 is, for example, as shown in FIG.
By moving the X-axis while setting the A-axis downward at 45 ° and the C-axis at 0 °, it is possible to perform edge peening on the edge of the upper end surface of the processing material 10. Similarly,
As shown in FIG. 9, FIG. 11, and FIG. 12, edge peening can be performed on the entire periphery of the processing material 10 by rotating the A axis and the C axis and moving the X axis or the Y axis.

As described above, by controlling the three axes of elevation, swinging, and turning of the projector 4, large parts such as aircraft outer panel parts can be efficiently processed into three-dimensional shapes.

Conventionally, the outer panel for aircraft has generally been in the form of a panel, but for the purpose of cost reduction and increase in strength, etc.
As shown in FIG. 6, a processing material 10 with a stringer 10a is provided.
It is shifting to. In the case of a conventional plate shape, the forming process can be performed by projecting only one surface of the processing material.
In the case of 0, a predetermined shape cannot be obtained by projecting only the anti-stringer surface. Therefore, it is necessary to partially project the stringer 10a. This part can be machined by swinging the A-axis with the C-axis at 0 ° as shown in FIG.

When the molding of the working material by the projector 4 is completed, it is desirable that the working material be completely formed into a predetermined shape. However, an unformed portion may be partially generated. When the processing width is wide in the projector method at the time of molding again, local processing (touch-up processing) can be performed by installing the air blast nozzle 8 in the projector main body 41. Further, by turning the A-axis and the C-axis and moving the X-axis and the Y-axis while the air blast nozzle 8 is attached, it is possible to perform processing by air blast from any direction.

As described above, the projector 4 can take various postures by controlling the A-axis and C-axis, adjust the projection width, and control the X-axis to control the processing material 10. By controlling the moving speed and further controlling the Y-axis, the projection range in the height direction of the work material 10 can be adjusted, and the projection energy (the size, hardness, amount, The speed, the projection direction, the projection distance, the projection density, etc.) can be changed, and each of the projectors 4 provided on both sides of the processing material 10 can be controlled independently, so that a complicated three-dimensional shape can be easily formed. Therefore, the formability and shape accuracy of the processing material 10 can be improved.

[0036]

As described above, according to the present invention,
The centrifugal projector is installed in the projection chamber and is configured to be able to operate in three axes, elevating, swinging and turning, so that large parts can be formed efficiently, and furthermore, the formability and shape of the processing material There is an effect that accuracy can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an external view showing the entire shot blasting apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional front view of the shot blast device.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram of an elevating mechanism for elevating and lowering the projector.

4A and 4B are diagrams showing the attitude of the projector when the turning angle is 0 °, where FIG. 4A is a top view, FIG. 4B is a rear view, FIG. 4C is a side view, and FIG. .

5A and 5B are diagrams showing the attitude of the projector when the turning angle is 90 °, wherein FIG. 5A is a top view, FIG. 5B is a rear view, FIG. 5C is a side view, and FIG. .

FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a posture of the projector when the swing shaft is operated.

FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a vertical posture of the projector during peen forming.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a posture of the projector at the time of edge peening at an upper end surface.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a posture of the projector at the time of edge peening at the left end face.

FIG. 10 is a view showing the horizontal attitude of the projector during peen forming.

FIG. 11 is a view showing the attitude of the projector during edge peening at the lower end face.

FIG. 12 is a view showing a posture of the projector at the time of edge peening at the right end face.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Conveying apparatus 2 Shot blast apparatus 3 Projection chamber 4 Projector 5 Elevating mechanism 6 Rotating mechanism 7 Swing mechanism 8 Air blast nozzle 10 Processing material 41 Projector main body 42 Housing 51 Elevating body 61 Rotating axis 71 Rotating axis 71

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A shot blast machine equipped with a centrifugal projector, wherein the centrifugal projector is installed in a projection room,
A shot blasting device characterized in that it can be operated in three axes, elevating, swinging and turning. 2. The shot blasting apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a work material conveying device is provided, and one centrifugal projector is disposed on each side of the work material. 3. The shot blast device according to claim 1, wherein an air blast nozzle is attached to a main body of the centrifugal projector. 4. The centrifugal projector comprises a main body, and a housing that supports the main body, and further includes an elevating body that supports the housing, and a swing mechanism of the main body is provided on the housing. The shot blasting device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a turning mechanism of the housing is provided on each of the elevating bodies.