JP2001190532A - Fluoroscopic imaging device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To shorten switching time between a fluoroscopic image observation condition and radiographing in a fluoroscopic imaging device. SOLUTION: An X-ray tube part 34 radiating X-rays is arranged above a top plate 33, and a fluoroscopic imaging part 38 which is constituted of an X-ray fluorescence multiplication tube 39 and an X-ray television 40 to pick up a fluoroscopic image is arranged in opposition to the X-ray tube part 34 below the top plate 33. A grid 36 and an X-ray image receiving part 37 are arranged in a space 35 just below the top plate 33, the grid 36 can move, and the X-ray image receiving part 37 is loaded on a carrier and can reciprocate by a distance L0 between a stand-by position A and a picking up position B by a travel mechanism part.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus used for medical purposes and the like.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art At present, a medical X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus uses an unexposed X-ray film at a time of 50 to 10 to improve a screening rate.
A device equipped with a so-called cassette-type rapid shooting device capable of loading about 0 sheets is widely used.

FIG. 4 is a front view of an X-ray fluoroscopy apparatus, in which a table 2 is supported on a base 1, and a table 3 on which a subject S rests is provided on the table 2. An X-ray tube 4 that emits X-rays is disposed above the subject S. A grid 9 for removing scattered X-rays generated when the X-rays enter the subject S is provided in the space 8 immediately below the top plate 3. Below the grid 9 is the X-ray tube 4
A fluoroscopic imaging unit (image intensifier) 5 for photographing a fluoroscopic image is disposed in opposition to the above, and the fluoroscopic imaging unit 5 includes an X-ray fluorescence intensifier tube 6 and an X-ray television 7. I have.

An X-ray film F1 is conveyed and held in a film holder 10 provided with two intensifying screens for increasing the fluorescent action of X-rays. A film is arranged in the space 8, and a cassette-type rapid-moving apparatus 11 for supplying the film to the film holder 10 includes a four-section film supply magazine 12, a large-angle film supply magazine 13, and a film for storing the X-ray film after photographing. Storage magazine 1
4 is attached.

When observing the fluoroscopic image, the top plate 3 is moved while the fluoroscopic image from the X-ray fluorescence intensifier tube 6 is observed on the monitor in the operation room via the X-ray television 7 to photograph the subject S. Position the part. At this time, the film holder 10
Is retracted to a standby position A outside the X-ray irradiation range, where the X-ray film F1 is not exposed to the incident X-rays and the scattered X-rays to the X-ray fluorescence intensifier tube 6. Further, the film holder 10 is moved to the photographing position B in the X-ray irradiation range by the photographing instruction, and the X-ray photographing is immediately performed. Then, after photographing, the film holder 10 returns to the original standby position A again, and observation of a fluoroscopic image using the X-ray fluorescent multiplier 6 becomes possible. And
The photographed X-ray film F2 is transported into the storage magazine 14 by the film transport mechanism.

FIG. 5 is a view showing the X-ray inside the cassette-type flash unit 11 incorporated in the fluoroscopic apparatus shown in FIG.
2 shows a moving path of the line film and the film folder 10. When performing X-ray film photography with the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus shown in FIG. 4, the selected quadrant film supply magazine 12 or large-angle film supply magazine 13
Is transported to the film holder 10 by a film transport mechanism (not shown).

In the above-mentioned cassette-type X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus, the large-size film is currently the largest in most apparatuses. However, it may be necessary to take a large area such as a large intestine photograph or a photograph of the entire urinary tract, and in such a case, in order to enable photographing with a half-cut film, for example, remove the film holder from the rapid shooting device. ,
This is achieved by using a cassette by replacing the film holder 10 with a cassette holder.

Further, with the recent progress in semiconductor process technology, a two-dimensional X-ray detector has been proposed which directly outputs digital X-rays in real time, as disclosed in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H08-116044. This X-ray detector has a configuration in which a scintillator and a solid-state photodetector are stacked,
The scintillator converts radiation into visible light, and the solid-state detector photoelectrically converts the visible light.

A solid state detector can be manufactured by arranging a solid state detecting element composed of a transparent conductive film and a conductive film in a matrix on a substrate made of quartz glass with an amorphous semiconductor film interposed therebetween. Since such an X-ray detector is a flat panel having a thickness of several mm, the X-ray image receiving unit using the X-ray detector can be easily reduced in thickness and weight.

[0010]

However, the above X
In the fluoroscopic imaging apparatus, since the standby position of the cassette holder is away from the imaging position so as not to be exposed to scattered X-rays during fluoroscopy, movement between the standby position A and the imaging position B, that is, a fluoroscopic image The switching time between the observation state and the X-ray imaging requires about 1 second, and it is desired to reduce the switching time.

Further, since a supply magazine, a storage magazine, and a film transport mechanism corresponding to various film sizes are required, the apparatus becomes large.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems,
An object of the present invention is to provide an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus which is small and has a reduced switching time between a fluoroscopic image observation state and X-ray imaging.

[0013]

In order to achieve the above object, an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to the present invention comprises a top plate on which a subject is placed, and an X-ray which is disposed above the top plate and emits X-rays. A X-ray tube unit, a fluoroscopic imaging unit disposed below the top plate facing the X-ray tube unit to convert fluoroscopic X-rays of an object into an image, and an X-ray image receiving unit to shoot an X-ray image A moving mechanism for moving between the and the standby position, a grid for removing scattered X-rays, and a control unit for starting the movement of the grid before the X-ray image receiving unit stops at the imaging position. It is characterized by.

[0014]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described in detail with reference to the embodiments shown in FIGS. FIG. 1 is a front view of an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to the first embodiment. A table 32 is supported on a base 31, and a top plate 33 is mounted on the table 32. The subject S lies on the top 33 along the longitudinal direction, and an X-ray tube 34 that emits X-rays is disposed above the subject S. . Further, a space 35 for photographing is secured directly below the top plate 33, and a grid 36 and an X-ray image receiving unit 37 are disposed inside the space 35. The grid 36 is connected to the drive mechanism, and is configured to be swingable in the short direction of the top plate 33. Below the space 35, a fluoroscopic imaging unit 38 is disposed opposite to the X-ray tube unit 34, and the fluoroscopic imaging unit 38 includes an X-ray fluorescence intensifier tube 39 and an X-ray television 40.
It is composed of Note that instead of the X-ray television 40, C
A CD camera can also be used.

The X-ray image receiving section 37 is mounted on a carrier (not shown), and a moving mechanism (not shown) moves a distance L between a standby position A located on the right of the photographing position and a photographing position B on the left.
It can be moved back and forth by 0. The X-ray receiving unit 37 includes a two-dimensional X-ray detector 41 and the X-ray detector 4.
A signal reading circuit 42 for reading a signal from
The signal reading circuit 42 is connected to a signal processing unit via a cable (not shown).

The operation of the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus will be described with reference to an imaging sequence diagram of FIG.
X-rays for fluoroscopy are emitted from the X-ray tube section 34, and a fluoroscopic image of the subject S is captured by the fluoroscopic imaging section 38 and displayed on a monitor. At time b, when the exposure switch is pressed at a timing at which an X-ray image should be taken, X-rays for fluoroscopy are cut off, and the X-ray receiving unit 37 starts moving from the standby position A to the imaging position B. Then, at time c, the X-ray image receiving unit 37
The movement of the grid 36 is started after the elapse of the time t1 from the start of the movement of. At time d, the movement of the X-ray image receiving unit 37 is continued, and the movement of the grid 36 is accelerated. At time e,
After a lapse of time t2 from the start of the movement of the grid 36, the X-ray image receiving unit 37 reaches the imaging position B and stops. At time f, the X-ray receiving unit 37 is stopped, and at the same time, that is, after a lapse of time (t1 + t2) from the start of the movement of the X-ray receiving unit 37, the X-rays for rapid shooting are emitted, and the X-ray images are accumulated in the X-ray detector 41. You. At time g, the grid 36 stops and the signal reading circuit 42 reads the X-ray image signal. At time h, the X-ray receiving unit 37 starts moving from the imaging position B to the standby position A. At the time i, the movement of the X-ray image receiving unit 37 is continued, and reaches the standby position A and stops. again,
At time j, X-rays for fluoroscopy are emitted and a fluoroscopic image of the subject S is displayed on a monitor.

According to such an imaging sequence, when the X-ray receiving unit 37 reaches the imaging position B, the grid 3
6 moves, the mesh of the grid 36 does not appear even if an X-ray image is immediately taken. More preferably,
The time t1 or t2 may be set so that the moving speed of the grid 36 at the time of shooting reaches a predetermined speed at which the mesh is not visible.

In this embodiment, the X-ray receiving section 37 starts moving the grid 36 during the movement from the standby position A to the photographing position B. The image receiving section 37 may be moved. Also, the grid 36 and its driving mechanism are mounted on the X-ray image receiving unit 37,
There is no problem even if the reciprocating movement between the standby position and the photographing position is performed together with the X-ray image receiving unit 37.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a main part of an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to the second embodiment. The same reference numerals as those in the first embodiment denote the same members. The X-ray fluorescence intensifier tube 39 is an X-ray fluorescence intensifier.
The X-ray image receiving unit 37 is disposed close to the moving direction of the X-ray image receiving unit 37, and the moving distance between the standby position A and the imaging position B of the X-ray image receiving unit 37 is shorter than the distance L0 in the first embodiment. Is set. Further, lead plates 51 and 52 are arranged between the top plate 33 and the X-ray image receiving unit 37 and between the fluoroscopic imaging unit 38 and the X-ray image receiving unit 37, respectively. Depending on the shape and arrangement of the lead plates 51 and 52, the X-ray fluorescence intensifier 3
The X-rays R <b> 1 scattered out of the X-rays R <b> 0 for fluoroscopy by the fluoroscopic imaging unit 38 including the top plate 33, the subject S and the X-ray fluorescence intensifier tube 39 without shielding the X-rays R <b> 0 for fluoroscopy incident on 9. The configuration is such that R2 does not enter the X-ray image receiving unit 37.

In the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus having this configuration,
The moving time between the standby position A and the imaging position B of the X-ray image receiving unit 37 can be shortened, and the X-ray image receiving unit 37 can reduce the scattering X during fluoroscopic imaging.
Since there is no influence of the lines R1 and R2, no image degradation occurs due to these fogging. In this embodiment, it is possible to reduce not only the switching time from the fluoroscopic image observation state to the X-ray imaging but also the switching time from the X-ray imaging to the fluoroscopic image observation state.

X-ray image receiving unit 3 in the first and second embodiments
The use of X-ray detector 7 is expected to greatly reduce the size and weight of the device and improve operability by using an X-ray detector, but is not limited to an X-ray detector using a solid-state detector, and will be described in a conventional example. Similar effects can be expected by using such an X-ray film. Furthermore, if an X-ray detector having an imaging area equal to or larger than a half-cut size is used, a half-cut size cassette required when an X-ray film is used becomes unnecessary, so that operability can be further improved.

[0022]

As described above, the X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to the present invention is capable of photographing simultaneously with the arrival of the X-ray receiving section at the photographing position and reducing the moving distance of the X-ray receiving section. Therefore, the time required for switching between the fluoroscopic image observation state and the X-ray imaging can be easily reduced. Furthermore, since there are no various film magazines or a film transport mechanism, the size and weight of the apparatus can be reduced, and the operability is improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a front view of a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a photographing sequence diagram.

FIG. 3 is a front view of a main part of a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a front view of an X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus provided with a conventional cassette-type rapid photography apparatus.

FIG. 5 is a movement path diagram of an X-ray film and a film holder.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 31 base 32 table 33 top plate 34 X-ray tube unit 35 space 36 grid 37 X-ray image receiving unit 38 fluoroscopic imaging unit 39 X-ray fluorescence intensifier tube 40 X-ray television 41 X-ray detector 42 signal reading circuit 51, 52 lead Board

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A top plate on which a subject is placed, an X-ray tube portion arranged above the top plate and emitting X-rays, and a X-ray tube portion arranged below the top plate so as to face the X-ray tube portion. A perspective imaging unit that converts a fluoroscopic X-ray of a subject into an image, a moving mechanism that moves an X-ray image receiving unit that captures an X-ray image between a capturing position and a standby position,
An X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus, comprising: a grid for removing scattered X-rays; and a control unit that starts moving the grid before the X-ray image receiving unit stops at the imaging position. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the X-ray image is taken after a lapse of a predetermined time from the start of the movement of the X-ray image receiving unit, and a timing at which the moving speed of the grid reaches a predetermined value is synchronized with the shooting timing. Item 7. An X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to Item 1. 3. A top plate on which a subject is placed, an X-ray tube portion disposed above the top plate and emitting X-rays, and a subject located opposite to the X-ray tube portion below the top plate and facing the X-ray tube portion. A fluoroscopic imaging unit that converts fluoroscopic X-rays into an image, a moving mechanism that moves an X-ray image receiving unit that captures an X-ray image between an imaging position and a standby position, the X-ray image receiving unit at the standby position, and the fluoroscopy An X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus, comprising: an X-ray shielding member that disposes an imaging unit in close proximity and shields scattered X-rays incident on the X-ray image receiving unit at the standby position. 4. The X-ray according to claim 3, wherein the X-ray shielding member is arranged between the top plate and the X-ray image receiving unit and / or between the perspective imaging unit and the X-ray image receiving unit. Perspective imaging device. 5. A two-dimensional X-ray detector in which a solid-state detecting element for converting the X-rays into charges corresponding to the intensity of the X-ray image receiving portion is two-dimensionally arranged, and a signal from the X-ray detector is provided. The X-ray fluoroscopic apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a signal reading circuit for reading.