JP2001183188A - Monitoring apparatus for carried-out amount of rock - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus which can monitor a carried-out rock amount without being influenced by an environment such as dust or the like and without relying on the experience or the intuition of a human. SOLUTION: An excavating and carrying-out system for a rock is provided with a sensor means which is composed of a transmission means 12 for microwaves and a reception means 13 for a microwave beam MB from the transmission means and in which both means are faced and arranged in such a way that the microwave beam is disturbed by the carried-out rock to be detected. The carrying-out system is provided with a signal processing means 14 which detects a change in the flow rate of the carried-out rock on the basis of a change in the level of the reception signal of the mocrowave beam in the reception means.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for detecting the flow rate and the amount of deposited rock with high accuracy in a rock excavation / export system used in tunnel excavation work, dredging work, and the like. It is characterized by using a microwave beam.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art An example of a tunnel excavation and rock removal monitoring system will be described with reference to FIG. 1 is an excavated tunnel,
2 is the rock to be excavated, 3 is the shield machine, 4 is the control device of the shield machine, 5 is the conveyor for transporting rocks, 6
Is a rock which is carried out to the outside by the conveyer, falls from the end of the conveyer, is loaded on the dump truck 7 and is carried to the outside.

Reference numeral 8 denotes an optical monitoring means such as a CCD camera or the like, which outputs an image signal IM of the unloaded rock dropped from the conveyor to the dump truck to the monitor 9. Reference numeral 10 denotes an operator, which visually monitors the image on the monitor 9 and determines a change in the flow rate of the transported rock and a deposition amount in a predetermined period based on experience and intuition.

Reference numeral 11 denotes a remote control panel of the shield machine control device 4, which transmits a control signal CS based on the judgment of the operator 10 to the control device 4, and manages a proper carry-out amount to the dump truck and an accumulation amount for a predetermined period. Execute

[0005]

Problems with the detection device having such a configuration are as follows. (1) The environment in which the optical monitoring means is installed is extremely poor due to dust and the like, and the lens surface is quickly stained. I use a wiper, etc., but the image on the monitor is unclear,
The efficiency of visual inspection by the operator is extremely low. (2) Based on human experience and intuition, changes in the flow rate of exported rocks and the amount of sediment during a predetermined period are determined. .

[0006]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a detecting device which solves such a problem. The first feature of the constitution of the present invention is that in a rock excavation and unloading system, the system comprises a microwave transmitting means and a microwave beam receiving means from the transmitting means. Sensor means disposed so as to be disturbed, and signal processing means for detecting a change in the flow rate of the transported rock based on a change in the level of the received signal of the microwave beam in the receiving means. is there.

A second feature is that in a rock excavation and unloading system, the system includes a microwave transmitting means and a microwave beam receiving means from the transmitting means, and the microwave to be detected disturbs the microwave beam. Sensor means disposed so as to face each other, and signal processing means for detecting a change in the flow rate of the conveyed rock based on a change in the level of the microwave beam in the receiving means. The point is to calculate the area of the rock, and to detect the amount of the deposited rock within a predetermined period based on the size of the area.

A third feature is that the transmitting means has a modulating means for applying amplitude modulation of a predetermined frequency to the microwave beam, and the receiving means extracts an envelope of the modulated signal of the predetermined frequency from a received signal. The point is to have a means to do.

A fourth feature is that the rock excavating means is controlled based on the flow rate change signal of the carried out rock. A fifth feature is that the rock excavation means is controlled based on the signal of the pile of the transported rock.

[0010]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall conceptual diagram showing an example of the on-site installation situation of the rock discharge amount monitoring device according to the present invention. The same elements as those of the conventional device described with reference to FIG. 6 are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof will be omitted. Reference numeral 12 denotes a microwave transmitting unit, and 13 denotes a microwave beam MB receiving unit from the transmitting unit, and these constitute a sensor unit.
14 is a signal processing means for inputting the output V0 of the receiving means 13, and 15 is a monitoring means.

The sensor means consisting of the transmitting means 12 and the receiving means 13 are opposed to each other by a suitable supporting means at a position at a predetermined distance from the rock 6 conveyed by the conveyor 5 so as to pass through the microwave beam MB. ing. Rock 6
Passes through the microwave beam MB, a level change of the received signal of the receiving means 13 occurs, and the instantaneous flow rate, average value, and sediment amount of the rock are detected by signal processing of the level change.

FIG. 2 shows a transmitting means 1 constituting the present invention.
2, receiving means 13, signal processing means 14, monitoring means 15
An example will be described. 12a is a microwave transmitting antenna in the transmitting means 12, and 13a is a microwave beam MB receiving antenna in the 13a receiving means 13, and the rock 6 disturbs the receiving state of the microwave beam MB.

In the transmitting means 12, reference numeral 16 denotes a microwave oscillating unit which oscillates a microwave having a predetermined frequency F (for example, 10 GHz) and supplies the microwave to the antenna 12a via a buffer amplifier 17 and a power amplifier 18. I do. Reference numeral 19 denotes a modulation circuit, which applies amplitude modulation to the output of the microwave oscillating unit 16 using, for example, a signal fm of 10 kHz. Therefore, the transmission wave from the transmission antenna 12a is 10 KH
It becomes a microwave beam amplitude-modulated in Z.

The receiving means 13 includes a receiving antenna 13
The amplitude-modulated microwave received at a is detected by a linear element 20 such as a diode, and is supplied to a DC cut capacitor 2.
The AC component is amplified by the high-frequency amplifier 22 via 1. 2
Reference numeral 3 denotes a bandpass filter having a center frequency of the modulated AC signal fm, and extracts an envelope output of a signal modulated at a frequency of the modulated AC signal fm among the AC signals.

Reference numeral 24 denotes a rectifying / smoothing circuit for envelope output, which is a DC signal Ve proportional to the amplitude of the envelope output.
Convert to This level change of the signal Ve is equivalent to the level change of the received microwave. Therefore, the flow rate of the rock can be detected by monitoring the change in the received signal level, which is disturbed and attenuated by the microwave beam MB, based on the change in the Ve level.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing V obtained by detecting a rock during a predetermined period.
This is an example of the level change of e, and the steady level Va depends on the rock.
More attenuated. The attenuation level of this signal is proportional to the amount of attenuation of the microwave beam MB, that is, the instantaneous flow rate of the rock.

The DC signal Ve proportional to the amplitude of the envelope output is further processed by a signal processing circuit 25 and a filter circuit 26.
, Has a peak value corresponding to the flow rate of the rock, as shown in FIG.
It is converted into an output signal V0 that changes within the span of the maximum value Vh and the minimum value Vl.

Next, the signal processing means 15 for inputting the output signal V0 of the receiving means 14 will be described. Reference numeral 27 denotes an average value calculation circuit which calculates a time average value of V0 indicated by Vp in FIG. Reference numeral 28 denotes a time base, which supplies the clock CL to the average value calculation circuit 27 and an area calculation circuit described later.

Reference numeral 29 denotes an area calculation circuit, and the receiving means 13
And outputs the area calculation result Vs to the monitor 15. FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram of the area calculation, in which an output signal V corresponding to times t1, t2,.
The area S1, S2, S3 for each pulse is calculated from the sum of the bar-shaped rectangular areas indicated by hatching with the level value of 0, and the sum Vs in the predetermined period T can be calculated by summing these areas.

The monitoring means 15 is provided at the site, and outputs the output signal V0 of the receiving means 13 and the average value calculation circuit 27.
, And the output signal Vs of the area calculation circuit is input, the waveform display of V0, the average value, and the digital display of the volume are performed, and the telemeter signal TM is transmitted to a remote management system as required.

Reference numerals 30 and 31 denote appropriate interface circuits, which supply the average output signal Vp or the area output signal Vs to the control device 4 of the shield machine as a feedback signal FB to form an automatic control loop.

In the embodiment described above, an amplitude-modulated wave having a predetermined frequency is used as a microwave beam for the purpose of facilitating signal processing. However, in principle, the amplitude modulation means is not provided and a microwave reception signal is not used. It is also possible to implement the invention by directly monitoring the level changes. Further, the present invention is also applicable to a dredging system for debris flows including seabed sludge.

[0023]

As described above, the following effects can be expected in the device of the present invention as compared with the conventional system. (1) Because microwaves are used as a rock detection medium,
Unlike the optical monitoring means, there is no need for a wiper or the like, accurate information can be obtained without any maintenance, and the working efficiency of the operator can be greatly improved. (2) Since the flow rate and sediment volume of rock can be measured with high accuracy, individual differences based on human experience and intuition can be avoided, and highly accurate measurement and management can be performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall conceptual diagram illustrating an example of a site installation state of a rock discharge amount monitoring device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 shows a transmitting means 12 and a receiving means 1 constituting the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram illustrating an embodiment of signal processing means 14 and monitoring means 15.

FIG. 3 is a characteristic diagram showing an example of a level change due to rock detection during a predetermined period T;

FIG. 4 is a characteristic diagram showing a change in a normalized rock detection amount.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram of an area calculation for detecting an accumulation amount.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of a conventional tunnel excavation and rock removal monitoring system.

[Explanation of Signs] 1 ... Tunnel 2 ... Rock to be excavated 3 ... Shielding machine 4 ... Control device 5 ... Conveyor 6 ... Outgoing rock 12 ... Transmission means 13 ... Receiving means 14 ... Signal processing means 15 Monitor means MB Microwave beam

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A rock excavation and unloading system comprising a microwave transmitting means and a microwave beam receiving means from the transmitting means, wherein the microwave beam is disturbed by the rock to be detected such that the microwave beam is disturbed. A rock unloading amount monitoring device, comprising: a sensor unit arranged; and a signal processing unit that detects a change in the flow rate of the unloading rock based on a change in the level of a received signal of the microwave beam in the receiving unit. 2. A rock excavation and unloading system, comprising a microwave transmitting means and a microwave beam receiving means from the transmitting means, and facing each other so that the rock to be detected is disturbed by the rock to be detected. And a signal processing means for detecting a change in the flow rate of the conveyed rock based on a change in the level of the microwave beam in the receiving means, wherein the signal processing means calculates an area of the received signal. A rock discharge amount monitoring device characterized in that the amount of the discharged rock within a predetermined period is detected based on the size of the area. 3. The transmitting means has a modulating means for applying amplitude modulation of a predetermined frequency to the microwave beam,
3. The receiving means according to claim 1, further comprising means for extracting an envelope of the modulated signal having the predetermined frequency from a received signal.
The rock carry-out monitoring device described. 4. The rock discharge amount monitoring device according to claim 1, wherein a rock excavation means is controlled based on the flow change signal of the discharged rock. 5. The rock discharge monitoring device according to claim 2, wherein a rock excavation unit is controlled based on the pile signal of the output rock.