CN108710152A - Tunnel forward probe system based on binary channels amplitude-modulated wave and detection method - Google Patents
Tunnel forward probe system based on binary channels amplitude-modulated wave and detection method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明公开了一种基于双通道调幅波的隧道超前探测系统及探测方法，所述系统由信号发生模块、双路恒流源模块及光纤电流传感器构成。信号发生模块生成两路不同载波频率的调幅波，分别输入到两个恒流源模块，一路恒流源模块的输出电流直接接在护盾上，另一路逆向穿过传感光纤环后与第一路恒流源输出接在护盾的同一点上。传感光纤环缠绕在主驱动轴承上，恒流源模块的地接在隧道后方一定距离的锚杆上。光纤电流传感器的输出信号经过带通滤波、包络检波、A/D采样后同时得到护盾电流和刀盘电流。与传统的单向供电和交替法供电相比，本发明较好地解决了光纤电流传感器测量系数随时间变化的问题，提高了系统的探测可靠性。
The invention discloses a tunnel advanced detection system and detection method based on dual-channel amplitude modulation waves. The system is composed of a signal generation module, a dual-channel constant current source module and an optical fiber current sensor. The signal generation module generates two channels of amplitude-modulated waves with different carrier frequencies, which are respectively input to two constant current source modules. The output current of one channel of constant current source module is directly connected to the shield, and the other channel reversely passes through the sensing optical fiber ring and connects with the second channel. One constant current source output is connected to the same point of the shield. The sensing optical fiber ring is wound on the main drive bearing, and the ground of the constant current source module is connected to the anchor rod at a certain distance behind the tunnel. The output signal of the fiber optic current sensor is band-pass filtered, envelope detected, and A/D sampled to obtain shield current and cutterhead current at the same time. Compared with the traditional unidirectional power supply and alternating power supply, the invention better solves the problem that the measurement coefficient of the optical fiber current sensor changes with time, and improves the detection reliability of the system.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明属于地质超前探测技术领域，更具体地，涉及一种采用双通道调幅波，同时对全断面隧道掘进机的护盾和刀盘电流进行测量的地质超前探测系统及探测方法。The invention belongs to the technical field of geological advanced detection, and more specifically relates to a geological advanced detection system and a detection method that simultaneously measure shield and cutterhead currents of a full-section tunnel boring machine using dual-channel amplitude modulation waves.
背景技术Background technique
电法探测是一种应用较广的地质勘测方法，该方法通过在地质体内施加强度一定，频率可调的电流，根据不同的地质体在电场下呈现的不同特征(电阻率和激发极化率)，来判断地质体的含水量或其他信息。Electrical detection is a widely used geological survey method. This method applies a current with a certain intensity and adjustable frequency in the geological body, and according to the different characteristics (resistivity and induced polarizability) of different geological bodies under the electric field, ), to judge the water content or other information of the geological body.
2002年，德国GEO公司将该方法应用在隧道掘进机(Tunnel Boring Machine，TBM)上，以TBM的刀盘和护盾，作为探测电极向地质体内输送电流，用于预报掘进方向上的地质状况，该方法在提高工程安全系数方面帮助较大。In 2002, the German GEO company applied this method to the Tunnel Boring Machine (TBM), using the cutter head and shield of the TBM as detection electrodes to deliver current to the geological body to predict the geological conditions in the direction of excavation. , this method is of great help in improving the engineering safety factor.
在实际工程中，人们往往更关心掘进方向上的地质状况，因此需要对刀盘电流的强度进行测量，但TBM的刀盘和护盾是通过主驱动轴承连接在一起，常规手段无法对刀盘和护盾之间进行绝缘并直接测量出刀盘电流。为此设计了光纤电流屏蔽隧道超前探测系统，测量时将光纤缠绕在主驱动轴承上，缠绕在主驱动轴承上的光纤形成传感光纤环，那么穿过传感光纤环的电流即可被测量出来，测量结果以测量电压U的形式表示U＝kI，其正比于穿过主驱动轴承的电流I，比例系数为k。In actual engineering, people often pay more attention to the geological conditions in the direction of excavation, so it is necessary to measure the intensity of the cutterhead current. However, the cutterhead and shield of the TBM are connected together through the main drive bearing, and conventional means cannot measure the current intensity of the cutterhead. It is insulated from the shield and directly measures the cutterhead current. For this reason, a fiber optic current shielding tunnel advanced detection system is designed. When measuring, the fiber is wound on the main drive bearing, and the fiber wound on the main drive bearing forms a sensing fiber ring, so the current passing through the sensing fiber ring can be measured. Out, the measurement result is expressed in the form of a measurement voltage U=kI, which is proportional to the current I passing through the main drive bearing with a proportionality factor k.
但在应用中，光纤电流传感器的测量比例系数k并不是一成不变的，其受温度、光纤状态、环境振动等多种因素共同影响，随时间发生变化，使得通过U和k计算出的I误差增大，影响对地质状况的准确判断。However, in the application, the measurement proportionality coefficient k of the fiber optic current sensor is not static. It is affected by various factors such as temperature, fiber state, and environmental vibration, and changes with time, which increases the I error calculated by U and k. Large, affecting the accurate judgment of geological conditions.
发明内容Contents of the invention
针对现有技术的以上缺陷或改进需求，本发明提供了一种基于双通道调幅波的隧道超前探测系统及探测方法，由此解决用于测量探测电流强度的光纤电流传感器测量系数随时间变化而导致的测量误差增大的技术问题。In view of the above defects or improvement needs of the prior art, the present invention provides a tunnel advanced detection system and detection method based on dual-channel amplitude modulation waves, thereby solving the problem of the measurement coefficient of the optical fiber current sensor used to measure the detection current intensity changing with time. The technical problem that causes the measurement error to increase.
为实现上述目的，按照本发明的一个方面，提供了一种基于双通道调幅波的隧道超前探测系统，包括：信号发生模块、双路恒流源模块、光纤电流传感器及信号处理模块；In order to achieve the above object, according to one aspect of the present invention, a tunnel advanced detection system based on dual-channel AM waves is provided, including: a signal generation module, a dual-channel constant current source module, an optical fiber current sensor and a signal processing module;
所述信号发生模块，用于产生调制信号频率相同，载波频率不同的两路调幅波信号；The signal generating module is used to generate two channels of AM wave signals with the same modulation signal frequency and different carrier frequencies;
所述双路恒流源模块，用于生成正比于所述两路调幅波信号电压的两路驱动电流信号，其中，第一路驱动电流信号连接到护盾上，第二路驱动电流信号逆向穿过传感光纤环后连接到护盾上；这两路驱动电流信号各自有一部分电流将穿过传感光纤环，并在其中产生不同载波频率的光信号；The dual-channel constant current source module is used to generate two-channel drive current signals proportional to the voltages of the two-channel AM wave signals, wherein the first drive current signal is connected to the shield, and the second drive current signal is reversed After passing through the sensing optical fiber ring, it is connected to the shield; each part of the two driving current signals will pass through the sensing optical fiber ring, and generate optical signals of different carrier frequencies in it;
所述光纤电流传感器，用于将经过所述传感光纤环的输出光信号经过光电转换，得到包含两个载波频率的探测电信号；The optical fiber current sensor is used for photoelectrically converting the output optical signal passing through the sensing optical fiber ring to obtain a detection electrical signal including two carrier frequencies;
所述信号处理模块，用于将所述包含两个载波频率探测信号经过带通滤波分开，然后分别经过包络检波及A/D采样后得到两路测量电压信号，其中，所述两路测量电压信号中的第一路测量电压信号反映了刀盘电流的大小，所述两路测量电压信号中的第二路测量电压信号反映了护盾电流的大小。The signal processing module is used to separate the two carrier frequency detection signals through bandpass filtering, and then obtain two measurement voltage signals after envelope detection and A/D sampling, wherein the two measurement The first measurement voltage signal among the voltage signals reflects the magnitude of the cutterhead current, and the second measurement voltage signal among the two measurement voltage signals reflects the magnitude of the shield current.
优选地，所述双路恒流源模块的两路恒流源输出信号的电流幅值相等均为I0，接在护盾的同一个连接点上。Preferably, the current amplitudes of the output signals of the two constant current sources of the dual constant current source module are equal to I 0 , and are connected to the same connection point of the shield.
优选地，所述第一路测量电压信号为U1＝kI1，所述第二路测量电压信号为U2＝k(I0-I1)＝kI2，其中，I1为经过主轴承流向刀盘的电流，其反映了TBM前方地质体的地质信息，I2为从护盾流向岩石体的电流，其反映了侧方地质体的地质信息，k为比例系数。Preferably, the first measurement voltage signal is U 1 =kI 1 , and the second measurement voltage signal is U 2 =k(I 0 -I 1 )=kI 2 , where I 1 is The current flowing to the cutterhead reflects the geological information of the geological body in front of the TBM, I 2 is the current flowing from the shield to the rock body, which reflects the geological information of the lateral geological body, and k is the proportional coefficient.
优选地，流向刀盘的电流I1为流向护盾的电流I2为 Preferably, the current I 1 flowing to the cutter head is The current I 2 flowing to the shield is
按照本发明的另一方面，提供了一种基于双通道调幅波的隧道超前探测方法，包括：According to another aspect of the present invention, a tunnel advance detection method based on dual-channel AM waves is provided, including:
产生调制信号频率相同，载波频率不同的两路调幅波信号；Generate two channels of AM wave signals with the same modulation signal frequency and different carrier frequencies;
由所述两路调幅波信号经过所述恒流源模块生成正比于所述两路调幅波信号电压的两路驱动电流信号，其中，第一路驱动电流信号连接到护盾上，第二路驱动电流信号逆向穿过传感光纤环后连接到护盾上；The two-way AM wave signals pass through the constant current source module to generate two-way drive current signals proportional to the voltages of the two-way AM wave signals, wherein the first drive current signal is connected to the shield, and the second drive current signal is connected to the shield. The driving current signal is connected to the shield after passing through the sensing optical fiber ring in reverse;
将经过所述传感光纤环的输出信号经过光电转换，得到包含两个载波频率的探测电信号；Converting the output signal through the sensing optical fiber ring through photoelectric conversion to obtain a detection electrical signal including two carrier frequencies;
将所述包含两个载波频率的探测电信号经过带通滤波分离，然后分别经过包络检波及A/D采样后得到两路测量电压信号，其中，所述两路测量电压信号中的第一路测量信号反映了刀盘电流的大小，所述两路测量电压信号中的第二路测量电压信号反映了护盾电流的大小。The detection electrical signals containing two carrier frequencies are separated by band-pass filtering, and then respectively subjected to envelope detection and A/D sampling to obtain two measurement voltage signals, wherein the first of the two measurement voltage signals is The one-way measurement signal reflects the size of the cutter head current, and the second measurement voltage signal in the two-way measurement voltage signal reflects the size of the shield current.
优选地，所述两路恒流源输出信号的电流幅值相等均为I0，接在护盾的同一个连接点上。Preferably, the current amplitudes of the output signals of the two constant current sources are equal to I 0 , and are connected to the same connection point of the shield.
优选地，所述第一路测量电压信号为U1＝kI1，所述第二路测量电压信号为U2＝k(I0-I1)＝kI2，其中，I1为经过主轴承流向刀盘的电流，其反映了TBM前方地质体的地质信息，I2为从护盾流向岩石体的电流，其反映了侧方地质体的地质信息，k为比例系数。Preferably, the first measurement voltage signal is U 1 =kI 1 , and the second measurement voltage signal is U 2 =k(I 0 -I 1 )=kI 2 , where I 1 is The current flowing to the cutterhead reflects the geological information of the geological body in front of the TBM, I 2 is the current flowing from the shield to the rock body, which reflects the geological information of the lateral geological body, and k is the proportional coefficient.
优选地，流向刀盘的电流I1为流向护盾的电流I2为 Preferably, the current I 1 flowing to the cutter head is The current I 2 flowing to the shield is
总体而言，通过本发明所构思的以上技术方案与现有技术相比，能够取得下列有益效果：Generally speaking, compared with the prior art, the above technical solutions conceived by the present invention can achieve the following beneficial effects:
(1)采用调幅波法，能够抑制施工现场的强振动对光纤电流传感器的干扰，提高测量系统的稳定性。(1) The amplitude modulation wave method can suppress the interference of strong vibration on the construction site to the optical fiber current sensor and improve the stability of the measurement system.
(2)采用双路电流源供电法，消除了光纤电流传感器测量比例系数k时变对测量结果的影响，提高了系统的可靠性。(2) The dual current source power supply method is adopted, which eliminates the influence of the time-varying measurement proportional coefficient k of the optical fiber current sensor on the measurement results, and improves the reliability of the system.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1是本发明实施例提供的一种基于双通道调幅波的隧道超前探测系统的结构示意图。Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel advanced detection system based on a dual-channel AM wave provided by an embodiment of the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
为了使本发明的目的、技术方案及优点更加清楚明白，以下结合附图及实施例，对本发明进行进一步详细说明。应当理解，此处所描述的具体实施例仅仅用以解释本发明，并不用于限定本发明。此外，下面所描述的本发明各个实施方式中所涉及到的技术特征只要彼此之间未构成冲突就可以相互组合。In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, not to limit the present invention. In addition, the technical features involved in the various embodiments of the present invention described below can be combined with each other as long as they do not constitute a conflict with each other.
本发明设计了一种采用双通道调幅波，同时测量护盾和刀盘电流的全断面硬岩隧道掘进机(Tunnel Boring Machine，TBM)地质超前探测系统及探测方法，采用两路不同载波频率的调幅信号作为恒流源模块的输入信号，恒流源模块的输出分别输入到刀盘和护盾上，同时测量出刀盘和护盾的电流信号，来消除光纤电流传感器的测量比例系统随时间变化的影响，提高探测的可靠性。The present invention designs a full-section hard rock tunnel boring machine (Tunnel Boring Machine, TBM) geological advanced detection system and detection method that uses dual-channel amplitude modulation waves to simultaneously measure shield and cutterhead currents. The amplitude modulation signal is used as the input signal of the constant current source module, and the output of the constant current source module is input to the cutter head and the shield respectively, and the current signals of the cutter head and the shield are measured at the same time, to eliminate the measurement ratio system of the optical fiber current sensor over time. The impact of changes, improving the reliability of detection.
如图1所示是本发明实施例提供的一种基于双通道调幅波的隧道超前探测系统的结构示意图，包括：信号发生模块、双路恒流源模块、光纤电流传感器及信号处理模块；As shown in Figure 1, it is a schematic structural diagram of a tunnel advanced detection system based on dual-channel AM waves provided by an embodiment of the present invention, including: a signal generation module, a dual-channel constant current source module, an optical fiber current sensor and a signal processing module;
信号发生模块，用于产生调制信号频率相同，载波频率不同的两路调幅波信号；The signal generating module is used to generate two channels of AM wave signals with the same modulation signal frequency and different carrier frequencies;
双路恒流源模块，用于生成正比于所述两路调幅波信号电压的两路驱动电流信号，其中，第一路驱动电流信号连接到护盾上，第二路驱动电流信号逆向穿过传感光纤环后连接到护盾上；这两路驱动电流信号各自有一部分电流将穿过传感光纤环，并在其中产生不同载波频率的光信号；The dual-channel constant current source module is used to generate two-channel drive current signals proportional to the voltages of the two-channel AM wave signals, wherein the first drive current signal is connected to the shield, and the second drive current signal passes through in reverse The sensing optical fiber ring is connected to the shield; a part of the current of the two driving current signals will pass through the sensing optical fiber ring, and generate optical signals of different carrier frequencies in it;
具体地，由信号发生模块产生调制信号频率为f0，载波频率分别为f1和f2的两路调幅波信号，载波频率为f1调幅波信号输入到第一路恒流源模块中，第一路恒流源模块的输出电流连接到护盾上；载波频率为f2调幅波信号输入到第二恒流源模块中，第二路恒流源模块的输出电流逆向穿过传感光纤环后连接到护盾上，并且双路恒流源模块的地端接在隧道后方一定距离的锚杆上。具体连接方式如附图说明中的图1所示。Specifically, the signal generation module generates two channels of AM wave signals with a modulation signal frequency of f 0 and a carrier frequency of f 1 and f 2 respectively, and the carrier frequency of the AM wave signal of f 1 is input to the first constant current source module, The output current of the first constant current source module is connected to the shield; the carrier frequency is f 2. The AM wave signal is input to the second constant current source module, and the output current of the second constant current source module reversely passes through the sensing fiber The back of the ring is connected to the shield, and the ground terminal of the dual constant current source module is connected to the anchor rod at a certain distance behind the tunnel. The specific connection method is shown in Figure 1 in the description of the drawings.
在本发明实施例中，双路恒流源模块的两路恒流源输出信号的电流幅值相等均为I0，接在护盾的同一个连接点上。In the embodiment of the present invention, the current amplitudes of the output signals of the two constant current sources of the dual constant current source module are equal to I 0 , and are connected to the same connection point of the shield.
光纤电流传感器，用于将传感光纤环的输出光信号经过光电转换，得到包含两个载波频率的探测电信号；The optical fiber current sensor is used to convert the output optical signal of the sensing optical fiber ring through photoelectric conversion to obtain a detection electrical signal including two carrier frequencies;
其中，传感光纤环缠绕在主驱动轴承上。Among them, the sensing optical fiber ring is wound on the main drive bearing.
信号处理模块，用于将包含两个载波频率的探测电信号经过带通滤波分离，然后分别经过包络检波及A/D采样后得到两路测量电压信号，其中，两路测量电压信号中的第一路测量电压信号反映了刀盘电流的大小，两路测量电压信号中的第二路测量电压信号反映了护盾电流的大小。The signal processing module is used to separate the detection electrical signals containing two carrier frequencies through band-pass filtering, and then obtain two channels of measurement voltage signals after envelope detection and A/D sampling respectively, wherein the two channels of measurement voltage signals are The first measurement voltage signal reflects the magnitude of the cutterhead current, and the second measurement voltage signal of the two measurement voltage signals reflects the magnitude of the shield current.
具体地，包含两个载波频率的探测电信号经过中心频率为f1带通滤波、包络检波及A/D采样，得到第一路测量电压信号；同时该探测电信号经过中心频率为f2带通滤波、包络检波及A/D采样得到第二路测量电压信号。Specifically, the detection electrical signal containing two carrier frequencies is band-pass filtered with a center frequency of f 1 , envelope detection and A/D sampling to obtain the first measurement voltage signal; at the same time, the detection electrical signal passes through a center frequency of f 2 Band-pass filtering, envelope detection and A/D sampling to obtain the second measurement voltage signal.
在本发明实施例中，第一路测量电压信号为U1＝kI1，第二测量电压信号为U2＝k(I0-I1)＝kI2，其中，I0＝I1+I2，I1为经过主轴承流向刀盘的电流即通往地质体的前探电流，其反映了TBM前方地质体的地质信息，I2为从护盾流向岩石体的电流，其反映了侧方地质体的地质信息，k为比例系数。In the embodiment of the present invention, the first measurement voltage signal is U 1 =kI 1 , the second measurement voltage signal is U 2 =k(I 0 -I 1 )=kI 2 , where I 0 =I 1 +I 2 , I 1 is the current flowing from the main bearing to the cutter head, that is, the forward current to the geological body, which reflects the geological information of the geological body in front of the TBM, and I 2 is the current flowing from the shield to the rock body, which reflects the lateral The geological information of the local geological body, k is the proportional coefficient.
在本发明实施例中，由第一路测量电压信号和第二路测量电压信号可以得到流向刀盘的电流I1为流向护盾的电流I2为 In the embodiment of the present invention, the current I1 flowing to the cutterhead can be obtained from the first measurement voltage signal and the second measurement voltage signal as The current I 2 flowing to the shield is
由于电压值U1和U2是同时测量得到的，相比于交替供电法假设光纤电流传感器测量比例系数k在很短时间内不变，通过本发明能够真正实现刀盘电流和护盾电流的测量与随时间变化的光纤电流传感器比例系数k无关。Since the voltage values U1 and U2 are measured at the same time, compared with the alternative power supply method, it is assumed that the measurement proportional coefficient k of the optical fiber current sensor will not change in a very short time, and the present invention can truly realize the difference between the cutter head current and the shield current. The measurement is independent of the time-varying scaling factor k of the fiber optic current sensor.
本发明还提供了一种基于双通道调幅波的隧道超前探测方法，包括：The present invention also provides a tunnel advance detection method based on dual-channel AM waves, including:
产生调制信号频率相同，载波频率不同的两路调幅波信号；Generate two channels of AM wave signals with the same modulation signal frequency and different carrier frequencies;
在本发明实施例中，在硬件实现上可以通过信号发生模块产生调制信号频率相同，载波频率不同的两路调幅波信号。In the embodiment of the present invention, in terms of hardware implementation, the signal generation module can generate two channels of AM wave signals with the same modulation signal frequency and different carrier frequencies.
由两路调幅波信号生成正比于两路调幅波信号电压的两路驱动电流信号，其中，第一路驱动电流信号连接到护盾上，第二路驱动电流信号逆向穿过传感光纤环后连接到护盾上；Two channels of driving current signals proportional to the voltage of the two channels of AM wave signals are generated from the two channels of AM wave signals. The first channel of driving current signals is connected to the shield, and the second channel of driving current signals reversely passes through the sensing optical fiber ring attached to the shield;
在本发明实施例中，在硬件实现上可以通过双路恒流源模块由两路调幅波电压信号生成正比于该电压信号的两路驱动电流信号。In the embodiment of the present invention, in terms of hardware implementation, two channels of driving current signals proportional to the voltage signals can be generated from two channels of AM wave voltage signals through a dual channel constant current source module.
将经过传感光纤环的输出光信号经过光电转换，得到两路探测信号；The output optical signal through the sensing fiber ring is photoelectrically converted to obtain two detection signals;
在本发明实施例中，在硬件实现上可以通过光纤电流传感器将经过传感光纤环的输出信号经过光电转换，得到包含两个载波频率的探测电信号。In the embodiment of the present invention, in terms of hardware implementation, the output signal passing through the sensing fiber ring can be photoelectrically converted by the fiber optic current sensor to obtain the detection electrical signal including two carrier frequencies.
将包含两个载波频率的探测电信号经过带通滤波分离，然后分别经过包络检波及A/D采样后得到两路测量电压信号，其中，两路测量电压信号中的第一路测量信号反映了刀盘电流的大小，两路测量电压信号中的第二路测量电压信号反映了护盾电流的大小。The detection electrical signal containing two carrier frequencies is separated by band-pass filtering, and then two channels of measurement voltage signals are obtained after envelope detection and A/D sampling respectively. Among them, the first measurement signal of the two measurement voltage signals reflects The magnitude of the cutter head current, the second measurement voltage signal of the two measurement voltage signals reflects the magnitude of the shield current.
本领域的技术人员容易理解，以上所述仅为本发明的较佳实施例而已，并不用以限制本发明，凡在本发明的精神和原则之内所作的任何修改、等同替换和改进等，均应包含在本发明的保护范围之内。It is easy for those skilled in the art to understand that the above descriptions are only preferred embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent replacements and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention, All should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.
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