JP2001177359A - Microwave circuit - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a single microwave circuit that can arbitrarily select operations, where one input signal is distributed to two amplifiers, the amplified signals are combined and the resulting signal is outputted or an operation, where either of the two amplifiers is selected and the signal from the selected amplifier is outputted. SOLUTION: A quarter-wave line 4 is provided between an input terminal 1 and each of amplifiers 3a, 3b and between an output terminal 2 and each of the amplifiers 3a, 3b, a PIN diode 5 whose tip is connected to ground is respectively provided to the quarter-wave line 4 toward the side of the amplifiers 3, PIN diodes 5a, 5b are connected via a distribution resistor 6a and PIN diodes 5d, 5d are connected via a distribution resistor 6b.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a microwave circuit for switching, distributing, and synthesizing a high-frequency signal with one circuit.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a switch or a hybrid circuit has been used to arrange two or more amplifiers in parallel and switch or combine output signals of the amplifiers. FIG. 8 is a block diagram of a first conventional microwave circuit. In the figure, 1 is an input terminal, 2 is an output terminal,
7 is an amplifier, 16 is a switch, 17 is a first terminal of the switch, 18 is a second terminal of the switch, and 19 is a third terminal of the switch.
Terminal. The first terminal 17a of the switch 16a is connected to the input terminal 1, the second terminal 18a is connected to the amplifier 7a, and the third terminal 19a is connected to the amplifier 7b. The first terminal 17b of the switch 16b is connected to the output terminal 2, the second terminal 17b is connected to the amplifier 7a, and the third terminal 19b is connected to the amplifier 7b.

Next, the operation will be described. Switch 16
a, the first terminal 17a and the second terminal 18a are connected to each other, and the switch 16b is connected to the first terminal 17b and the second terminal 18b. The signal is output to the output terminal 2 through the amplifier 7a. In the switch 16a, the first terminal 17a and the third terminal 19a are connected, and in the switch 16b, the first terminal 17b and the third terminal 19a are connected.
When the signal b is connected, the signal input to the input terminal 1 is output to the output terminal 2 through the amplifier 7b. In this case, the signal input to the input terminal 1 can be output by selecting one of the amplifiers 7a and 7b. Cannot be output from

FIG. 9 is a block diagram of a second conventional microwave circuit. In the figure, 3 is a distribution terminal, 20 is a hybrid circuit, 21 is an isolation terminal, and 22 is a terminator. In the hybrid circuit 20a, the distribution terminal 3a is connected to the amplifier 7a, the distribution terminal 3b is connected to the amplifier 7b, and the isolation terminal 21a is connected to the terminator 22. Also, the hybrid circuit 20b
, The distribution terminal 3c is connected to the amplifier 7a, the distribution terminal 3d is connected to the amplifier 7b, and the isolation terminal 21b is connected to the terminator 22.

Next, the operation will be described. The signal input to input terminal 1 is equally distributed to amplifiers 7a and 7b by hybrid circuit 20a, and the signals amplified by amplifiers 7a and 7b are combined again by hybrid circuit 20b and output to output terminal 2. Here, when one of the amplifiers, for example, the amplifier 7a fails, the output signal of the amplifier 7b is equally distributed to the output terminal 2 and the isolation terminal 21b in the hybrid circuit 20b.
The signal generated at the isolation terminal 21b is supplied to the terminator 22.
Is absorbed by. Therefore, the output power of the signal from the output terminal 2 is half of the output power of the amplifier 7b.

[0006]

Since the first conventional microwave circuit is constructed as described above, the input signal can be output by selecting either one of the amplifiers. And the signals from these amplifiers cannot be recombined.

Further, since the second conventional microwave circuit is configured as described above, it is possible to combine output signals from two amplifiers, but one of the amplifiers has failed. In that case, only the other amplifier can be used,
There is a problem that the output power of the circuit becomes half of the output power of one amplifier.

That is, in these conventional microwave circuits, there is a problem that the same circuit cannot arbitrarily select two states of selection or distribution and synthesis of one input signal.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problem. One input signal is distributed to the plurality of amplifiers by the same circuit, and the signals amplified by the amplifiers are combined and output. An object of the present invention is to provide a microwave circuit capable of selecting any one of the plurality of amplifiers and outputting an output signal of the selected amplifier.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a microwave circuit comprising: a plurality of amplifiers arranged in parallel between input / output terminals; A plurality of lines provided, a semiconductor element provided between the input / output stage of the amplifier and the line, and acting as a capacitor or a resistor depending on a state of an applied bias; And a resistor for connecting the components provided on the output terminal side to each other.

A microwave circuit according to a second aspect of the present invention includes a plurality of amplifiers arranged in parallel between input / output terminals, and a bias circuit provided between the input / output terminals and an input / output stage of the amplifier, for applying a bias. A semiconductor element that acts as a capacitor or a resistor depending on the state of the semiconductor element, and among the semiconductor elements, a resistor that connects ones provided on the input terminal side and ones provided on the output terminal side to each other, and at least the semiconductor element and It is constituted by a resistor, distributes one input signal to the plurality of amplifiers, synthesizes and outputs a signal amplified by the amplifier, and selects any one of the plurality of amplifiers. Output signal output distribution
And a combining / selecting means.

A microwave circuit according to a third invention uses a PIN diode as the semiconductor element.

In a microwave circuit according to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the PIN diode is provided with a tip grounded.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the microwave circuit, wherein the PI
As the N diode, a PIN diode chip having electrodes on the upper and lower sides is used.

A microwave circuit according to a sixth aspect of the present invention uses a 1/4 wavelength line as the line.

[0016]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of a microwave circuit according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. In the figure, 1 is an input terminal, 2 is an output terminal, 3 is a distribution terminal, 4 is a quarter wavelength line, 5 is a PIN diode,
Reference numeral 6 denotes a distribution resistor, 7 denotes an amplifier, 8 denotes a dielectric substrate, 9 denotes a carrier, 10 denotes a through hole, and 11 denotes a １ ／ wavelength line. The input terminal 1 and the distribution terminals 3a and 3b are
The output terminal 2 and the distribution terminals 3c and 3d are connected via quarter-wavelength lines 7c and 7d, respectively, between the distribution terminals 3a and 3c and between the distribution terminals 3a and 3d. Amplifiers 7a and 7 respectively between
b is provided. Between the distribution terminals 3a and 3b and 3c and 3d
, Distribution resistors 6a and 6b are provided between them, and each of the distribution terminals 3a, 3b, 3c, and 3d has a grounded end.
N diodes 5a, 5b, 5c and 5d are connected. Dielectric substrates 8a and 8b and amplifiers 7a and 7
b is provided. The PIN diodes 5a to 5d are grounded by the through holes 10. The distribution resistors 6a and 6b are connected to the distribution terminal 3 via the half-wavelength line 11, respectively. Here, illustration of means for switching the states of the PIN diodes 5a to 5d is omitted. FIG.
2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of FIG.

Next, the operation will be described. First, an operation of distributing an input signal to two amplifiers, synthesizing the amplified signal, and outputting the synthesized signal will be described. In this state, PI
A reverse bias is applied to the N diodes 5a to 5d. Here, if it is assumed that the state in which the reverse bias is applied to the PIN diode 5 can be simply replaced with the capacitor 12,
It is represented by the equivalent circuit shown in FIG. Assuming that the capacitance value of the capacitor 12 is sufficiently small, the distribution terminals 3a to 3d
Each can be considered open. As a result, the entire circuit is approximately replaced by the equivalent circuit shown in FIG.

That is, the 1/4 wavelength lines 4a and 4b
分配 wavelength distribution lines 4c and 4
This uses a Wilkinson divider / combiner composed of d and a divider resistor 6b. Therefore, the signal input to the input terminal 1 is equally distributed and input to the amplifiers 7a and 7b via the quarter-wavelength lines 4a and 4b, and the signals amplified by the amplifiers 7a and 7b are output at the 1/4 wavelength lines, respectively. Synthesized via lines 4c and 4d,
Output to output terminal 2.

Next, an operation of selecting and outputting one of the two amplifiers from the input signal, for example, a case of selecting the amplifier 7a will be described. In this state, a reverse bias is applied to PIN diodes 5a and 5c, and a forward bias is applied to PIN diodes 5b and 5d. Here, the PIN diode 5 can be represented by an equivalent circuit shown in FIG. 5 if the state where a reverse bias is applied can be simply replaced with the capacitor 12 and the state where the forward bias is applied can be simply replaced with the resistor 13. Capacitor 1
Assuming that the capacitance value of the distribution terminal 2 is sufficiently small,
From a and 3c, it can be regarded as open. If the resistance value of the resistor 13 is sufficiently small, it can be regarded as a short circuit from the distribution terminals 3b and 3d.

Further, in the case of a Wilkinson distributor which performs equal distribution, the resistance values of the distribution resistors 6a and 6b are twice as large as the characteristic impedance of the circuit and are sufficiently large, so that the distribution terminals 3a, 3b, 3c and 3d respectively. Can be regarded as open from. As a result, the entire circuit is approximately replaced with an equivalent circuit shown in FIG. Since the path where the amplifier 7b was present is short-circuited from the input terminal 1 and the output terminal 2 via the quarter-wavelength lines 4b and 4d, respectively, it can be regarded as open from the input terminal 1 and the output terminal 2. Therefore, the signal input to the input terminal 1 is input to the amplifier 7a via the quarter wavelength line 4a, and the signal amplified by the amplifier 7a is output to the output terminal 2 via the quarter wavelength line 4c. .

Therefore, by switching the state of the bias applied to the PIN diode 5, one input signal is distributed to two amplifiers, and the amplified signal is synthesized and output. The effect is obtained that the operation of selecting and outputting only one can be arbitrarily selected by the same circuit.

Embodiment 2 FIG. FIG. 7 is a top perspective view of a microwave circuit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention. In the figure, 14 is a PIN diode chip, and 15 is a gold wire. In the first embodiment, the PI
N diode 5 is provided, and PIN
Instead of grounding one electrode of the diode 5, a PIN diode chip 14 of a type having upper and lower electrodes is used, and the PIN diode chip 14 is placed at a position adjacent to the dielectric substrate 8 on the carrier 9, and a gold wire is provided. 15 is connected to the distribution terminal 3. According to this configuration, the same effect as that of the first embodiment can be obtained, and since there is no need to process through holes in the dielectric substrate, it is possible to obtain an effect that it can be manufactured at low cost.

In the first embodiment, the case where two amplifiers are provided has been described. However, a plurality of amplifiers (two or more) are provided.
The same effect can be obtained even when a １ ／ wavelength line and a PIN diode whose tip is grounded are provided between them and the input terminal and the output terminal, respectively, and a distribution resistor is provided between the paths.

[0024]

According to the present invention, one input signal is converted to 2
The effect of being able to arbitrarily select, with the same circuit, the operation of synthesizing and outputting the amplified signal distributed to two amplifiers and the operation of selecting and outputting only one of the two amplifiers. can get.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a top perspective view of a microwave circuit according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an equivalent circuit diagram of FIG.

FIG. 3 is an equivalent circuit diagram in a first state according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an equivalent circuit diagram approximately showing a first state according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is an equivalent circuit diagram in a second state according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is an equivalent circuit diagram approximately showing a second state according to the first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a top perspective view of a microwave circuit according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a block diagram showing a conventional microwave circuit.

FIG. 9 is a block diagram showing another conventional microwave circuit.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 input terminal, 2 output terminal, 3 distribution terminal, 4 1 /
4 wavelength line, 5 PIN diode, 6 distribution resistor, 7
Amplifier, 8 dielectric substrate, 9 carrier, 10 through hole, 11 1/2 wavelength line, 12 capacitor,
13 resistor, 14 PIN diode chip, 15 gold wire, 16 switch, 17 switch first terminal, 18 switch second terminal, 19 switch third terminal, 20 hybrid circuit, 21 isolation terminal, 22 termination vessel.

Continued on the front page F-term (reference) 5J012 BA04 5J067 AA01 AA04 AA21 AA53 CA00 FA18 FA20 HA19 HA25 HA29 HA38 KA66 KA68 KS03 KS04 LS01 QA04 QS02 TA01 5J069 AA01 AA04 AA21 AA53 AC03 CA00 FA18 FA20 HA18 K26

Claims (6)

[Claims] An input / output terminal, a plurality of amplifiers arranged in parallel between the input / output terminals, a plurality of lines respectively provided between the input / output terminals and an input / output stage of the amplifier, A semiconductor element provided between the input / output stage of the amplifier and the line, and acting as a capacitor or a resistor depending on the state of the applied bias;
A microwave circuit, comprising: a resistor that connects the components provided on the input terminal side and the components provided on the output terminal side to each other. 2. An input / output terminal, a plurality of amplifiers arranged in parallel between the input / output terminals, and a plurality of amplifiers provided between the input / output terminal and the input / output stage of the amplifier. A semiconductor element acting as a capacitor or a resistor, a resistor connecting the components provided on the input terminal side and the components provided on the output terminal side among the semiconductor elements, and at least the semiconductor element and the resistor; Then, one input signal is distributed to the plurality of amplifiers, a signal amplified by the amplifier is synthesized and output,
And a distributing / combining / selecting means for selecting one of the plurality of amplifiers and outputting an output signal of the selected amplifier. 3. The microwave circuit according to claim 1, wherein the semiconductor element is a PIN diode. 4. The microwave circuit according to claim 3, wherein a tip of said PIN diode is grounded. 5. The microwave circuit according to claim 3, wherein the PIN diode uses a PIN diode chip having electrodes on upper and lower sides. 6. The microwave circuit according to claim 1, wherein said line is a quarter-wave line.