JP2001161715A - Orthodontic instrument - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a sanitary orthodontic instrument capable of directly transferring the restoring force of an elastic member without giving a feeling of wrong fit to a user, ensuring the smooth movement in contraction without complicating the structure, preventing a coil spring from being cut at the time of extension when a load is applied, and preventing the user from biting food or the cheek flesh. SOLUTION: The orthodontic instrument 1 is mounted to be bridged between the supermaxillary and submaxillary dentitions for correcting the occlusion of the dentitions, for applying the elasticity between the supermaxillary and submaxillary dentitions. The orthodontic instrument 1 comprises plungers with engaging means to be attached to a part of the dentition, a sleeve 2 with narrow parts 7 and 8 whose openings for inserting the plungers are narrower than the diameter of the inner spaces 10, and an elastic means 5 working between the tops of the plungers 3, 4 inside the sleeve and the narrow parts 7, 8 of the sleeve 2. Tension force is generated between the supermaxillary and submaxillary dentitions by the elastic means.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an orthodontic appliance, and more particularly, to an orthodontic appliance for correcting the engagement of an upper dentition and a lower dentition.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In orthodontic treatment, various orthodontic appliances are used. One of them is an orthodontic appliance for correcting the meshing between the upper dentition and the lower dentition. In this orthodontic appliance, for example, a state in which the lower dentition is located rearwardly compared to the upper dentition (class II or maxillary front collision), and conversely, the lower dentition is positioned forwardly compared to the upper dentition In some cases (class III or mandibular front collision), there is a device that corrects the teeth by applying a restoring force of an elastic body between the upper and lower jaws.

When performing orthodontic treatment using this type of orthodontic appliance, it is common to move the dentition by appropriately applying the restoring force (biasing force) of the elastic body between the upper and lower jaws. is there. Such a conventional orthodontic appliance has the following problems.

A rubber elastic (rubber rubber or rubber chain) is mounted so as to be stretched over a hook portion such as a bracket or an arch wire at an appropriate position in order to exert a pulling force between the upper and lower jaws. This is the simplest and most straightforward form of treatment. However, since the attachment is simple and easy to attach / detach, some patients do not observe the doctor's instructions and may forget to remove the elastic and forget to wear it. Was. Further, the elasticity of the rubber has a problem that the intended correction load cannot be continuously applied for a long period of time because the tension is rapidly deteriorated with time in the oral cavity.

In the treatment device disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,545,037, a tension coil is covered with a cylindrical resin, and hooks are provided at both ends. For this treatment device,
For example, straightening the Class II maxillary protrusion by hooking one end on the buccal tube hook of the lower first molar and the other end on the crimper hook attached to the archwire, mesial to the upper canine bracket I do.

[0006] However, since it can be hung between chins across an arch wire, buccal tube, bracket, or the like, unnecessary friction may occur between the straddled portion and the coil spring when the mouth is opened for eating or talking. There was a problem that the hook came off.

The treatment device disclosed in US Pat. No. 4,708,646 is a device in which an open coil spring is covered with a resin or is constituted by a resin alone.
The treatment tool disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 10-33561 is a leaf spring-shaped elastic body, and although the two elastic bodies have different forms, the restoring force of the elastic body between the upper and lower jaws in a state where both mouths are closed. To act on. In both cases, the elastic body has no function such as expansion and contraction, so when the mouth is closed, the open coil spring and the leaf spring are compressed and bent,
There was discomfort pressing the inside of the cheeks and gums.

[0008] The treatment device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-10235 has a structure in which a sleeve and a plunger expand and contract in three stages. For this reason, although the coil spring becomes compact in a compressed state, there is a problem in that the coil spring lacks a smooth operation at the time of expansion and contraction.

Further, the treatment device disclosed in US Pat. No. 5,711,667 discloses an outer surface of a slide shaft having a hook portion extending laterally and a hook portion penetrating therethrough and having a bent portion in a lateral direction. This is a form in which a coil spring is mounted. In such a configuration, the hook portion protrudes in the lateral direction with respect to the axial direction of the slide shaft and is rotatable, so that the restoring force of the coil spring is difficult to be directly transmitted.

The treatment device disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 11-19099 has a Z-shaped combination structure including a piston portion and rotatable mounting portions at both ends of the piston portion.
For this reason, it is compact during expansion and contraction, and there is little discomfort in the mouth. However, since the rotatable mounting portion is located in the lateral direction with respect to the axial direction (restoring direction) of the piston portion, the piston is restored. The structure is difficult to transmit power directly.

[0011]

Many of the conventional types of orthodontic appliances of this type are always uncomfortable because a load is applied with the mouth closed. Also, in the conventional device, there is a problem that the restoring force of the elastic member cannot be directly transmitted, such as a rotating structure deviating from the axis on which the restoring force acts, although the compact structure does not cause discomfort in the mouth. . In the case where there is no rotating part, the structure is complicated, for example, the plunger has a structure in which the plunger expands and contracts in three stages, and there is a problem that a smooth operation at the time of expansion and contraction is lacking. Furthermore, in the conventional orthodontic appliance, the tension coil spring has a possibility of cutting the coil at the time of extension under load. Also, in the conventional orthodontic appliance, the coil spring is exposed in a simple structure, and in such a type,
There was a risk of biting food and cheeks, and there was also a hygiene problem.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to make it possible to transmit the restoring force of an elastic member directly without a sense of incongruity when the mouth is closed, thereby complicating the structure. An object of the present invention is to provide a sanitary orthodontic appliance which can guarantee a smooth operation at the time of expansion and contraction, does not break the coil spring at the time of extension under load, and does not bite food or cheek meat.

[0013]

An orthodontic appliance according to the present invention is mounted so as to bridge between the upper and lower jaw teeth so as to correct the engagement between the upper and lower jaw teeth. An orthodontic appliance for applying elastic force between the upper and lower jaw teeth, wherein a plunger having an engagement means attached to a part of the tooth row, and an opening through which the plunger penetrates an internal space. A sleeve having a constriction smaller than a diameter, and elastic means acting between a distal end portion of the plunger in the sleeve and the constriction of the sleeve. The present invention is characterized in that it is configured to generate a tensile force therebetween (claim 1), whereby the above object can be achieved.

In the above orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, a separate plunger penetrates through the sleeve from openings at both ends, and the two separate elastic bodies act on both plungers. In the sleeve, separate plungers are penetrated from openings at both ends, and one of the two plungers is acted on by the elastic body. The other plunger is configured such that the distal end portion in the sleeve is formed into a spherical shape and is engaged with the stenosis to form an articulated portion with the sleeve (Claim 3). The plunger is penetrated from an opening on one end side, the elastic body acts on the plunger, and the other end side is provided with a mounting arm fixed to the sleeve (Claim 4).

The sleeve comprises a first sleeve and a second sleeve mounted in the first sleeve;
A first elastic body is mounted between the constricted portion of the first sleeve and the inner end of the sleeve of the second sleeve, and a plunger penetrates through an opening at one end of the second sleeve. The second elastic body is mounted between the inner end of the sleeve and the narrowed portion of the second sleeve,
The other end of the first sleeve is provided with a mounting arm fixed to the first sleeve (Claim 5). The restoring force of the elastic body acts between the upper and lower jaw teeth only at the time of opening. (Claim 6).

(Action) According to the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, the plunger having the engaging means attached to a part of the dentition, and the opening through which the plunger passes is smaller than the diameter of the internal space. Since the configuration includes the sleeve having the constricted portion and the elastic means such as a coil spring acting between the distal end portion of the plunger in the sleeve and the constricted portion of the sleeve, a compact configuration can be achieved. Also, when the tension means is applied between the upper and lower jaw teeth by bridging between the upper and lower jaw teeth, the elastic means and the plunger can always be linearly positioned.
The biasing force of the elastic means can be directly applied. Also, since the elastic means and the sliding part of the plunger are stored in the sleeve, not only can cleanliness be secured,
The bite of the cheek meat can be avoided. (Claim 1)

In the above orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, according to the configuration in which separate plungers penetrate through the sleeve from the openings at both ends, and separate elastic bodies act on both plungers, The setting range of the restoring force can be increased by using a plurality of elastic bodies, and the range of the therapeutic function is increased.
(Claim 2)

In the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, separate plungers are passed through the sleeve from the openings at both ends, and one of the two plungers is acted on by an elastic body, while the other plunger acts on the other plunger. According to the plunger, according to the configuration in which the distal end portion in the sleeve is formed in a spherical shape and engages with the constricted portion of the sleeve to form an articulated portion with the sleeve, the plunger extends between the upper and lower jaw teeth. When a pulling force is applied between the upper and lower jaw teeth, the elastic means and the plunger can always be linearly positioned, and the urging force of the elastic means can be directly applied, By providing the portion, the device can bend freely even when an unexpected force is applied to the device, and the discomfort in the mouth can be minimized. Furthermore, when no pulling force is applied, it is also possible to mount such that it bends appropriately. (Claim 3)

In the above orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, the sleeve has a plunger penetrated from an opening on one end side, the elastic body acts on the plunger, and the sleeve has an end on the other end side. By providing the fixed mounting arm, the sleeve can be firmly fixed.
(Claim 4)

[0020] In the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, the sleeve comprises a first sleeve and a second sleeve mounted in the first sleeve, and a narrowed portion of the first sleeve and a second sleeve. A first elastic body is mounted between the inner end of the sleeve and a plunger penetrating from an opening at one end of the second sleeve, and the plunger is connected to the inner end of the sleeve and the second sleeve. A second elastic body is mounted between the first sleeve and the constriction, and the other end of the first sleeve is provided with a mounting arm fixed to the first sleeve. Since the sleeve can be accommodated, the telescopic stroke can be increased without significantly increasing the length. (Claim 5)

[0021] In the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, the restoring force of the elastic body acts between the upper and lower jaw teeth only at the time of opening, so that the force for tooth movement is intermittently applied. , It is possible to eliminate the unpleasant sensation that always causes discomfort. (Claim 6)

[0022]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of an orthodontic appliance according to the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention.
It is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the hook is pulled in the orthodontic appliance shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the orthodontic appliance shown in FIG. 1 is actually mounted. It is.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the hook is pulled in the orthodontic appliance shown in FIG. FIG.

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention. FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a fourth embodiment of the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention. FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram showing a mounted state of the orthodontic appliance shown in FIG. FIG. 9 is a fifth embodiment of the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention.
It is a schematic diagram showing an embodiment.

(First Embodiment) The orthodontic appliance 1 according to the present embodiment spans between the upper and lower jaw teeth 30, 31 so as to correct the meshing between the upper and lower jaw teeth 30 and 31. (See FIG. 3). By mounting the orthodontic appliance 1 as shown in FIG. 3, a pulling force can be applied between the upper and lower jaw teeth 30 and 31 when the mouth is opened.

As shown in FIG. 1, the structure of the orthodontic appliance 1 according to the present embodiment is a plunger 3 having hooks 3a and 4a, which are engaging means attached to a part of the dentition.
4, a sleeve 2 having constrictions 7, 8 whose openings through which the plungers 3, 4 penetrate are smaller than the diameter of the internal space 10, a flat head 3 b which is a tip portion of the plunger 3 in the sleeve, and a sleeve 2. The coil spring 5 (compression spring) acting between the stenosis 7 and the plunger 4 has a spherical portion 4b at the tip in the sleeve, and engages with the stenosis 8 of the sleeve 2. And a joint configuration (a configuration that moves as indicated by an imaginary line and an arrow A) that bends freely with the sleeve 2.

When the orthodontic appliance 1 is mounted in the oral cavity and the mouth is closed, as shown in FIG.
The plunger 3 is housed in the sleeve 2 to provide a compact configuration. On the other hand, when the mouth is opened (when the plunger 3 moves in the direction of the arrow B as shown in FIG. 2), a pulling force can be applied to the gap between the upper and lower jaw teeth 30, 31 and the pulling force is applied. Sometimes, as shown in FIG. 2, the coil spring 5 and the plungers 3, 4 can always be located linearly.

The orthodontic appliance 1 shown in FIG.
It is a treatment form of (maxillary protrusion). As shown in FIG. 3, a bracket 32 and a buccal tube 38 are attached to the tooth in advance, and an arch wire 33 is attached. In the orthodontic appliance 1, the hook 3a is inserted into the round hole of the lip bumper tube 34 of the lower first molar through the ball clasp 35 and locked, and the hook 4a is connected to the arch wire 33 on the distal side of the upper canine. The hook is locked by being hooked on the clin bubble hook 39 fixed above.

With the patient's mouth closed, the coil spring 5 is in a free state, so that no force acts between the upper and lower jaws. On the other hand, when the mouth is opened, the plunger 3 is extended, the coil spring 5 is compressed, and a force acts to push the lower jaw forward and move the upper jaw backward. Therefore, the coil spring 5 is provided between the upper and lower jaw teeth 30 and 31.
Can be directly applied. Further, since the sliding portions of the coil spring 5 and the plunger 3 are housed in the sleeve 2, it is possible to prevent food or food waste from adhering to the coil spring 3, and a clean state can be ensured. In addition, the bite of the cheek meat can be avoided by the expansion and contraction of the coil spring 5. Furthermore, since the orthodontic appliance 1 of the present embodiment is provided with the joint portion, it can bend freely even when an unexpected force is applied to the orthodontic appliance 1, thereby minimizing discomfort in the mouth. I can do it quickly.

When the mounting direction is reversed, one end is fixed to the round tube and hook of the upper first molar, and when the other end is mounted to the distal hook of the lower canine, the lower jaw is moved backward. The force to push the upper jaw forward works, and it can be used for treatment of class III (mandibular prognosis). Also, if it interferes with the movement of the hook attachment point in relation to the teeth and other orthodontic appliances, for example,
If it is mounted via the 8-shaped joint 9 shown in FIG. 2, the degree of freedom is further increased, and the operation during expansion and contraction becomes smooth.

(Second Embodiment) An orthodontic appliance 41 according to a second embodiment shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 has a sleeve 42 in which separate plungers 43, 48 are provided from constrictions 47, 48 at openings at both ends. 44 is penetrated. Separate coil springs 45a and 45b act on the plungers 43 and 44, respectively. That is, the ball head 43 at the distal end in the sleeve of both plungers 43 and 44
Separate coil springs 45a, 45b are mounted between the b, 44b and the constricted portions 47, 48, respectively. Such two coil springs 45a, 45b
The restoring force can be increased when the plungers 43 and 44 are pulled, as shown in FIG. 5, for example.

(Third Embodiment) In an orthodontic appliance 61 according to a third embodiment shown in FIG. 6, a plunger 63 penetrates a stenosis portion 68 which is an opening on one end side of a sleeve 62. A coil spring 65 acts on the plunger 63 between the flat head 63b and the constricted portion 68. On the other hand, on the other end side, a mounting arm 64 fixed to the sleeve 62 is provided.
With such a configuration, the sleeve 62 can be firmly fixed.

(Fourth Embodiment) In an orthodontic appliance 71 according to a fourth embodiment shown in FIG. 7, similarly to the configuration of the third embodiment, a sleeve 72 has a narrowed portion 78 which is an opening at one end. The coil spring 75 acts on the plunger 73 between the flat head 73b and the constricted portion 78. On the other hand, on the other end side, a mounting arm 74 fixed to the sleeve 72 is provided. Then, the mounting arm 74
Has an omega loop 74c for size adjustment and distal stop and a hook 80 attached by brazing or welding. At the tip of the plunger 73, for example, a hook 73a rounded in a coil shape is formed.

With such a configuration, for example, it can be mounted as shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 8, the orthodontic appliance 1 is locked such that the hook 73 a is hooked on a crimable hook 85 fixed on the archwire 33 on the mesial side of the maxillary canine. The rubber 74 or the wire is hooked on the hook 80 so that the tip portion is inserted into the round tube and the portion of the omega loop 74 is fixed so as not to come off.

(Fifth Embodiment) In the orthodontic appliance 91 of the fifth embodiment shown in FIG. 9, the sleeve is composed of a first sleeve 92A and a second sleeve 92B mounted inside the first sleeve 92A. The first sleeve 92A
The first coil spring 95a is mounted between the narrowed portion 98A of the second sleeve 92B and the inner end portion 92b of the second sleeve 92B, and the plunger 93 penetrates through the narrowed portion 98B which is an opening at one end of the second sleeve 92B. Have been. In this plunger 93, a second coil spring 95b is mounted between a distal end portion 93b in the sleeve and a narrowed portion 98B of the second sleeve 92B. On the other hand, the first sleeve 9
The other end of 2A is provided with a mounting arm 94 fixed to the first sleeve 92A. According to such a configuration, the second sleeve 92 is provided inside the first sleeve 92A.
Since B can be accommodated, the expansion / contraction stroke can be increased without significantly increasing the length.

[0036]

As described above, in the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, the plunger having the engaging means to be attached to a part of the dentition, and the opening through which the plunger penetrates the inner space has the diameter. A compact structure is provided because it has a sleeve having a smaller constriction and a resilient means such as a coil spring acting between the tip of the plunger in the sleeve and the constriction of the sleeve. The elastic means and the plunger can always be positioned linearly when the tension means is applied between the upper and lower jaw teeth by bridging between the upper and lower jaw teeth. The biasing force of the elastic means can be directly applied. Further, since the elastic means and the sliding portion of the plunger are housed in the sleeve, it is possible to provide an orthodontic appliance that can not only ensure cleanliness but also avoid biting of the cheek meat. . (Claim 1)

In the above orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, in the case where separate plungers are penetrated from the openings at both ends of the sleeve and separate elastic bodies act on both plungers, By providing a plurality of bodies, it is possible to provide an orthodontic appliance in which the setting width of the restoring force can be increased and the width of the treatment function can be increased. (Claim 2)

In the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, separate plungers penetrate through the sleeve from the openings at both ends, and one of the two plungers is acted on by an elastic body, while the other plunger acts on the other plunger. When the plunger is configured such that the distal end portion in the sleeve is formed into a spherical shape and engages with the constriction of the sleeve to form an articulated portion with the sleeve, the plunger extends between the upper and lower jaw teeth. When applying a pulling force between the upper and lower jaw teeth, the elastic means and the plunger can always be positioned linearly, and the urging force of the elastic means can be directly applied, With the provision of the joint portion, it is possible to provide an orthodontic appliance that can bend freely even when an unexpected force is applied to the appliance, and can minimize discomfort in the mouth as much as possible. (Claim 3)

In the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, the sleeve has a plunger penetrated through an opening on one end side, the elastic body acts on the plunger, and the sleeve has an elastic member on the other end side. With the fixed mounting arm, it is possible to provide an orthodontic appliance that can fix the sleeve more firmly. (Claim 4)

In the above orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, the sleeve comprises a first sleeve and a second sleeve mounted in the first sleeve, and the constricted portion of the first sleeve and the second sleeve A first elastic body is mounted between the inner end of the sleeve and a plunger penetrating from an opening at one end of the second sleeve, and the plunger is connected to the inner end of the sleeve and the second sleeve. A second elastic body is mounted between the first sleeve and the constriction, and the other end of the first sleeve is provided with a mounting arm fixed to the first sleeve. Since the sleeve can be accommodated, it is possible to provide an orthodontic appliance capable of increasing the expansion / contraction stroke without significantly increasing the length. (Claim 5)

Further, in the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention, since the restoring force of the elastic body acts between the upper and lower jaw teeth only at the time of opening, the force for moving the teeth is reduced. Since it is provided intermittently, it is possible to provide an orthodontic appliance which can eliminate unpleasant sensations that always have an uncomfortable feeling. (Claim 6)

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing a first embodiment of an orthodontic appliance according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic view showing a state where a hook is pulled in the orthodontic appliance shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a state in which the orthodontic appliance shown in FIG. 1 is actually worn.

FIG. 4 shows a second embodiment of the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view showing a state where a hook is pulled in the orthodontic appliance shown in FIG. 4;

FIG. 6 is a schematic view showing a third embodiment of the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic view showing a fourth embodiment of the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a schematic view showing a mounting state of the orthodontic appliance shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a schematic view showing a fifth embodiment of the orthodontic appliance according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1, 41, 61, 71, 91 Orthodontic appliance 2, 42, 62, 72, Sleeve 3, 4, 43, 44, 63, 73, 93 Plunger 5, 45a, 45b, 65, 75 Coil spring 64 , 74, 94 Mounting arm 92A First sleeve 92B Second sleeve 95a First coil spring 95b Second coil spring

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A dentition which is mounted so as to be bridged between the upper and lower dentitions so as to correct the meshing between the upper dentition and the lower dentition, and imparts an elastic force between the upper and lower dentitions. An orthodontic appliance, comprising: a plunger having an engagement means attached to a part of the dentition; a sleeve having a constriction having an opening through which the plunger is smaller than a diameter of an internal space; Elastic means acting between a distal end portion in the sleeve and a constricted portion of the sleeve, wherein the elastic means generates a pulling force between the upper and lower jaw teeth. Orthodontic appliance. 2. The sleeve according to claim 1, wherein separate plungers penetrate through openings at both ends, and the two elastic bodies are configured to act on both plungers. Item 2. The orthodontic appliance according to Item 1. 3. A separate plunger penetrates through the sleeve through openings at both ends. One of the plungers is acted on by the elastic body, and the other plunger is inside the sleeve. 2. The device according to claim 1, wherein the distal end portion has a spherical shape and is configured to engage with the constriction to form an articulated portion with the sleeve.
An orthodontic appliance according to item 1. 4. The sleeve has a plunger penetrated from an opening on one end side, the elastic body acts on the plunger, and a mounting arm fixed to the sleeve is provided on the other end side. The orthodontic appliance according to claim 1, characterized in that: 5. The sleeve comprises a first sleeve and a second sleeve mounted in the first sleeve,
A first elastic body is mounted between the constricted portion of the first sleeve and the inner end of the sleeve of the second sleeve, and a plunger penetrates through an opening at one end of the second sleeve. The second elastic body is mounted between the inner end of the sleeve and the narrowed portion of the second sleeve,
The orthodontic appliance according to claim 1, wherein an attachment arm fixed to the first sleeve is provided on the other end side of the first sleeve. 6. The orthodontic appliance according to claim 1, wherein the restoring force of the elastic body acts between the upper and lower jaw teeth only at the time of opening.