JP2007289346A - Orthodontic bracket - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a comfortable and safe orthodontic bracket for a backmost tooth without protruding the end part of an orthodontic wire even when a length along a dentition connecting left and right backmost teeth changes. <P>SOLUTION: The orthodontic bracket 100 for the backmost tooth comprises a tubular main body part 110 provided with a guide hole 111 for guiding the orthodontic wire 300 and a fixing base part 120 for fixing the main body part 110 to the cheek side face or tongue side face of the backmost tooth (first molar 206). The length of the guide hole 111 is turned to ≥5 mm and the end part of the orthodontic wire 300 is housed inside the guide hole 111. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an orthodontic bracket for the last tooth that is fixed to the last tooth when the orthodontics is corrected.

  Conventionally, orthodontic treatment has been performed by fixing a metal wire called an orthodontic wire (arch wire) to each tooth in a state of being along the dental row (for example, Patent Document 1). ). An orthodontic bracket for fastening and fixing the periphery of the orthodontic wire is fixed to each tooth on which the orthodontic wire is stretched. Each tooth on which the orthodontic wire is stretched is guided to a desired position by the restoring force of the orthodontic wire. This orthodontic technique is currently used in many orthodontics, but has the following drawbacks.

  That is, fixing of the orthodontic wire to the orthodontic bracket is generally performed by connecting a wire called a ligature wire to the orthodontic bracket, which requires fine manual work. . For this reason, fixing the orthodontic wire is time consuming and time consuming, which places a great burden on both the dentist and the patient.

  At this time, if the end of the ligature wire is not properly bent and rounded, the end of the ligature wire protruding may damage the patient's mouth. In addition, it is not easy to maintain, such as the food knots that accumulate on the knots of the ligature wire and the need for frequent cleaning.

  In this type of orthodontic technology, a large torque is applied to the teeth, which may cause pain and is often avoided by patients. Furthermore, this type of orthodontic technique has a large backtrack after the correction, and it cannot always be said that the orthodontic correction can be performed efficiently.

  In view of such a situation, in recent years, an orthodontic technique in which an orthodontic wire is not fixed to an orthodontic bracket has been attracting attention (for example, Patent Document 2). This orthodontic technique is called a low friction technique, and is performed by supporting the orthodontic wire in a slidable state with respect to the orthodontic bracket. This eliminates the need to use a ligature wire, thereby reducing not only the labor and time for tying the ligature wire to the orthodontic bracket, but also preventing the patient's mouth from being damaged by the ligature wire. In addition, it becomes easy to keep the mouth clean.

  In the low friction technique, since an appropriate torque is applied to the teeth, there is little pain and the patient's pain can be greatly reduced. Further, since an excessive load is not applied to the root and alveolar bone, the root and alveolar bone are hardly damaged, and the dentition can be corrected without impairing the health of the teeth.

  Furthermore, surprisingly, it is easier to correct teeth using low-friction techniques than to straighten the teeth by fixing the orthodontic wire to the orthodontic bracket. It has also been reported that it can be moved to a desired position. In addition, it has been reported that there is little return after correction.

  In this way, the low friction technique is expected to become the mainstream of orthodontic technology in the future because it can produce various effects that could not be obtained with the orthodontic technology used so far. . However, the low friction technique is still under development, and there is still room for improvement in orthodontic brackets used therefor.

  For example, in the low friction technique, the orthodontic wire is supported in a slidable state even in the orthodontic bracket of the last tooth in order to prevent the orthodontic wire from stretching. For this reason, when the length along the dentition connecting the left and right last teeth becomes shorter as the dentition is arranged, the end of the orthodontic wire protrudes from the orthodontic bracket fixed to the last tooth It was like that. The protruding end of the orthodontic wire may irritate the patient's mouth and cause the patient to feel pain.

JP 2005-323721 A JP 2005-530598 A

  The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and projects the end portion of the orthodontic wire even when the length along the dentition connecting the left and right end teeth changes. Without this, it becomes possible to provide an orthodontic bracket for the last tooth that is comfortable and safe.

  The above-mentioned problems include a tube-shaped main body provided with a guide hole for guiding an orthodontic wire, and the main body on the cheek side or the tongue side of the last tooth. An orthodontic bracket for the last tooth with a fixing base for fixing, wherein the guide hole has a length of 5 mm or more so that the end of the orthodontic wire can be accommodated in the guide hole. It is solved by providing an orthodontic bracket characterized in that.

  This makes it possible to ensure a long distance from the end of the orthodontic wire accommodated in the guide hole to the opening end of the guide hole. Therefore, even if the length along the dentition is changed from the beginning, it becomes possible to prevent the end of the orthodontic wire from protruding or falling out from the opening end of the guide hole. The end portion of the correction wire can be reliably accommodated in the guide hole.

  Here, the last tooth refers to the tooth located on the rearmost side (the back side in the mouth) among a plurality of teeth to which the orthodontic bracket is fixed when performing orthodontic treatment. If the patient's teeth are permanent, the second molar is usually selected as the last tooth, but if the second molar has not yet grown, or depending on the orthodontic form, the first A tooth other than the second molar, such as a molar or a third molar, may be selected as the last tooth. When the patient's teeth are deciduous teeth, the second molar is usually selected as the last tooth, but a tooth other than the second molar, such as the first molar, may be selected.

  On the other hand, a tooth that is in front of the last tooth (in front of the mouth) may be referred to as a front tooth. For example, when the second molar is selected as the last tooth, the first molar, the second premolar, the first premolar, the first premolar, the canine, the side incisor, and the central incisor are the front teeth. Become. An orthodontic bracket for the front teeth is fixed to the buccal side or lingual side of the front teeth. On the orthodontic bracket fixed to the front teeth, orthodontic wires supported at both ends by the orthodontic bracket of the present invention are supported in a movable state. The anterior tooth receives torque from the orthodontic wire and is directed to the desired location.

  In the orthodontic bracket of the present invention, the form of the main body and the fixed base is not particularly limited, but the fixed base is formed in a band shape, the main body is provided on one surface of the fixed base, and the other surface of the fixed base is It is preferable that the main body can be fixed to the buccal side or the lingual side of the last tooth by bonding to the last tooth. Thereby, it is possible to provide an orthodontic bracket having a high degree of freedom in selecting a fixed position with respect to the last tooth, and to adjust the torque applied to the dentition with higher accuracy.

  At this time, the rear end of the main body and the fixed base (the end facing the back side in the mouth) is bent to the side where the rearmost teeth are arranged, and the rear end of the main body and the fixed base (the end facing the back side in the mouth) ) Can be made to follow the corner of the last tooth. Thereby, it becomes possible to fix the orthodontic bracket in a state where the rear end of the main body and the fixing base is hooked on the corner of the rearmost tooth, and the stability of the orthodontic bracket can be improved. . Further, the guide hole can be extended to the distal surface of the last tooth (the surface facing the inner side of the mouth), and the length of the guide hole can be further secured.

  On the other hand, the fixed base is formed in an annular shape, the main body is provided on the outer surface of the fixed base, and the fixed base is fitted on the outer side of the last tooth so that the main body can be fixed to the buccal side or the tongue side of the last tooth. It is also preferable to do. Thereby, it becomes possible to easily fix the orthodontic bracket to the rearmost tooth. In addition, the orthodontic bracket can be firmly fixed even for a tooth being treated with metal or the like.

  In addition, it is also preferable to provide a hook for hanging an elastic material that connects the last tooth and the other teeth. Thereby, it becomes possible to attach an intermaxillary rubber, a power chain, etc. to an orthodontic bracket, and it becomes possible to perform more complicated and advanced orthodontic treatment.

  As described above, according to the present invention, even if the length along the dentition connecting the left and right end teeth is changed, the end of the orthodontic wire is not protruded, and the end is comfortable and safe. It becomes possible to provide orthodontic brackets for square teeth.

  The orthodontic bracket of the present invention will be described more specifically with reference to the drawings.

1.0 Orthodontic Bracket of First Embodiment First, the orthodontic bracket of the first embodiment will be described. FIG. 1 is a view showing an orthodontic bracket 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 2 shows how the orthodontic bracket 100 of the first embodiment is fixed to the buccal side of the last tooth (first molar 206) to correct the dentition from the side of the buccal side of the last tooth. It is the figure which showed the state seen. FIG. 3 shows how the orthodontic bracket 100 of the first embodiment is fixed to the buccal side surface of the last tooth (first molar 206) to correct the dentition from the occlusal surface side of the last tooth. It is the figure which showed the state seen. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an enlarged state of the peripheral portion (A portion) of the orthodontic bracket 100 in FIG.

  The orthodontic bracket 100 according to the first embodiment can be suitably used when the last tooth is the first molar 206. In the following, a case will be described as an example where orthodontic treatment is performed on a patient whose second molar has not yet grown and whose first molar 206 is the last tooth.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, the orthodontic bracket 100 according to the first embodiment is a main body for guiding the end of the orthodontic wire 300 along the width direction of the first molar 206. 110 and a fixing base 120 for fixing the main body 110 to the buccal side surface of the first molar 206. The main body 110 is provided with a guide hole 111 for guiding the orthodontic wire 300.

  The orthodontic bracket 100 is not particularly limited as long as it has an appropriate strength, and is usually formed of metal, resin, ceramics, or the like. The main body 110 and the fixed base are bonded to each other and integrated.

1.1 Main Body If the main body 110 is a tube, the form thereof is not particularly limited, but in the orthodontic bracket 100 of the first embodiment, the longitudinal direction of the substantially semi-cylindrical housing A guide hole 111 is provided along the line. Thus, the orthodontic bracket 100 can be made difficult to irritate the patient's mouth by making the main body 110 round with no corners. In addition, it is possible to prevent food residue from collecting in the main body 110.

  The guide hole 111 may have an opening end only on the front surface (surface facing the front side of the mouth) side of the main body 110 and the rear surface (surface facing the back side of the mouth) side may be closed. It is preferable that the main body 110 penetrates from the front surface to the rear surface. As a result, it is possible to prevent food residue and the like from accumulating inside the guide hole 111.

  In the orthodontic bracket 100 of the first embodiment, the cross-sectional shape of the guide hole 111 is circular. However, depending on the orthodontic form and the type of the orthodontic wire 300 to be used, an elliptical shape or a rectangular shape is used. Other shapes can also be employed. Further, the penetration direction of the guide hole 111 may be inclined with respect to the central axis of the main body 110, or the diameter of the guide hole 111 may be changed according to the depth.

  The diameter of the guide hole 111 is appropriately set according to the diameter of the orthodontic wire 300 to be used, and is set to a value slightly smaller than the diameter of the orthodontic wire 300. As a result, the end portion of the orthodontic wire 300 can be smoothly guided by the guide hole 111. However, it should be noted that if the gap between the inner peripheral surface of the guide hole 111 and the outer peripheral surface of the orthodontic wire 300 is set too large, food residue tends to accumulate in the gap.

  The length of the guide hole 111 (the length along the penetrating direction from the front opening end to the rear opening end of the guide hole 111) is not particularly limited as long as it is 5 mm or more, but is preferably 6 mm or more. This makes it possible to ensure a longer distance from the end of the orthodontic wire 300 accommodated in the guide hole 111 to the opening end of the guide hole 111. Therefore, the end portion of the orthodontic wire 300 can be reliably accommodated in the guide hole 111. Further, even if there is a slight error in the length of the orthodontic wire 300, the end portion of the orthodontic wire 300 can be reliably accommodated in the guide hole 111. It is also possible to reduce the labor required for adjusting the length of the wire 300. The length of the guide hole 111 is more preferably 7 mm or more, and further preferably 8 mm or more.

  However, if the guide hole 111 is too long, it is necessary to increase the size of the orthodontic bracket 100, which may make it difficult to fix the orthodontic bracket 100 to the first molar 206. For this reason, the length of the guide hole 111 is normally set to 15 mm or less. The length of the guide hole 111 is preferably 12 mm or less, and more preferably 10 mm or less. In the orthodontic bracket 100 of the first embodiment, the length of the guide hole 111 is about 9 mm, and is set to a value substantially equal to the width diameter of the average lower third molar of an adult male. .

  A hook 112 is provided on the gum side surface of the main body 110. A thread-like elastic material (intermaxillary rubber, power chain, etc.) for connecting the first molar 206 to other teeth is hung on the hook 112. Thus, by connecting a plurality of teeth with an elastic material, it is possible to collect a plurality of teeth at a desired location. The tip of the hook 112 is formed in a spherical shape so as not to damage the patient's mouth.

1.2 Fixed Base In the orthodontic bracket 100 of the first embodiment, the fixed base 120 is formed in a band shape. The main body 110 described above is provided on one surface of the fixed base 120. The other surface of the fixed base 120 is an adhesive surface that is applied to the cheek side surface of the first molar 206 by applying an adhesive or the like.

  The width and length of the band-shaped fixed base 120 are not particularly limited, but are usually set to the same size as the main body 110 or one size larger. In the orthodontic bracket 100 of the first embodiment, the fixed base 120 has a width of about 3 mm and a length of about 10 mm. The thickness of the fixed base 120 is set to about 1 mm.

  Further, the fixed base 120 may be formed flat, but in the orthodontic bracket 100 of the first embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, it is slightly curved in an arc shape, and its adhesive surface The shape is curved to the side. For this reason, the adhesion surface of the fixed base 120 can be made to follow the cheek side surface of the first molar 206.

2.0 Orthodontic Bracket of Second Embodiment Next, an orthodontic bracket of the second embodiment will be described. FIG. 5 is a view showing the orthodontic bracket 101 of the second embodiment. FIG. 6 shows how the orthodontic bracket 101 of the second embodiment is fixed to the buccal side of the last tooth (second molar 207) to correct the dentition from the side of the buccal side of the last tooth. It is the figure which showed the state seen. FIG. 7 shows how the orthodontic bracket 101 of the second embodiment is fixed to the buccal side of the last tooth (second molar 207) to correct the dentition from the occlusal side of the last tooth. It is the figure which showed the state seen. FIG. 8 is a view showing a state in which the peripheral portion (B portion) of the orthodontic bracket 101 in FIG. 7 is enlarged.

  The orthodontic bracket 101 of the second embodiment can be suitably used when the last tooth is the second molar 207. In the following, the second molar 207 has grown in a patient who has been orthodontic using the orthodontic bracket 100 of the first embodiment, and the last tooth is the first molar 206 to the second molar. A case where the setting is changed to 207 will be described as an example. In this case, the orthodontic bracket 100 of the first embodiment fixed to the first molar 206 is the same as the orthodontic bracket 400 fixed to the first premolar 204 and the second premolar 205. However, since there is no reason for replacement, the orthodontic bracket 100 is used as it is in the following.

  As shown in FIGS. 5 to 8, the orthodontic bracket 100 according to the second embodiment is such that the rear end (the end directed toward the back side of the mouth) of the fixed base 120 is on the side where the second molar 207 is disposed. The bent portion can be bent along the corner formed by the cheek side surface and the distal surface of the second molar 207. For this reason, the fixed base 120 can be stably fixed to the second molar 207.

  The bending angle of the rear end of the fixed base 120 (the angle formed by the adhesive surface at the rear end of the fixed base 120 and the adhesive surface at a portion other than the rear end of the fixed base 120) varies depending on the shape of the second molar 207. However, although it is not particularly limited, it is usually set to 5 to 90 °. In the orthodontic bracket 101 of the second embodiment, the bending angle of the rear end of the fixed base 120 is about 40 °.

  The bending length of the rear end of the fixed base 120 (the length along the longitudinal direction of the bent portion) is not particularly limited, but is usually set to 1 mm or more. This is because if the bending length of the rear end of the fixed base 120 is less than 1 mm, the bending process itself becomes difficult in the first place. The bending length of the rear end of the fixed base 120 is preferably 1.5 mm or more, and more preferably 2 mm or more.

  On the other hand, if the bending length of the rear end of the fixed base 120 is set too long, the patient may feel uncomfortable. For this reason, the bending length of the rear end of the fixed base 120 is normally set to 5 mm or less. The bending length of the rear end of the fixed base 120 is preferably 4 mm or less, and more preferably 3 mm or less. In the orthodontic bracket 101 of the second embodiment, the bending length of the rear end of the fixed base 120 is about 2.5 mm.

3.0 Orthodontic Bracket of the Third Embodiment Subsequently, the orthodontic bracket of the third embodiment will be described. FIG. 9 is a view showing the orthodontic bracket 102 of the third embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 9, the orthodontic bracket 102 according to the third embodiment has a fixed base 120 formed in an annular shape. The main body 110 that guides the orthodontic wire is provided on the outer surface of the fixed base 120. The orthodontic bracket 102 according to the third embodiment is configured to fix the main body 110 to the cheek side surface of the last tooth by fitting the fixing base 120 to the outside of the last tooth.

  Thus, by forming the fixing base 120 in an annular shape, the orthodontic bracket 102 can be fixed to the rearmost tooth without using an adhesive. The orthodontic bracket 102 of the third embodiment can be suitably used even when the last tooth is being treated with caries. About parts other than the fixed base 120, since it is substantially the same as the structure demonstrated with the orthodontic bracket 100 of the 1st embodiment, and the orthodontic bracket 101 of the 2nd embodiment, description is omitted.

4.0 Orthodontic Wire Next, an orthodontic wire 300 that can be suitably used in the orthodontic brackets 100 to 102 of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the orthodontic wire 300 is used through the guide hole 111 of each orthodontic bracket 400 fixed to the front teeth. The orthodontic wire 300 is supported by the orthodontic bracket 400 in a state of being movable in the dentition direction. The orthodontic wire 300 passed through the guide hole 111 applies torque to the front teeth via the orthodontic bracket 400 and guides the front teeth to a desired position. This torque is due to the restoring force of the orthodontic wire 300 that is elastically deformed in an arch shape by the orthodontic bracket 400 to return to the original shape.

  The orthodontic wire 300 according to this embodiment is a thread having a circular cross section. However, the cross-sectional shape of the orthodontic wire 300 is not limited to this, and may be other shapes such as a square depending on the orthodontic mode.

  The diameter of the orthodontic wire 300 differs depending on the material of the orthodontic wire 300 and is not particularly limited. However, if the diameter of the orthodontic wire 300 is too small, not only the elasticity of the orthodontic wire 300 becomes too weak, but also the strength of the orthodontic wire 300 may be significantly reduced. For this reason, the diameter of the orthodontic wire 300 is usually 0.1 mm or more.

  On the other hand, if the diameter of the orthodontic wire 300 is set too large, the elasticity of the orthodontic wire 300 becomes too strong, and an excessive torque may be applied to the front teeth. In addition, the orthodontic wire 300 may stand out and look bad. For this reason, the diameter of the orthodontic wire 300 is usually 0.5 mm. The diameter of the orthodontic wire 300 is preferably 0.4 mm or less, and more preferably 0.3 mm or less. The diameter of the orthodontic wire 300 of this embodiment is about 0.2 mm.

  The material of the orthodontic wire 300 is not particularly limited as long as it has appropriate elasticity and strength, but is usually a metal. The orthodontic wire 300 of the present embodiment is made of stainless steel that is lightweight but excellent in strength and excellent in rust prevention.

  The length of the orthodontic wire 300 is appropriately adjusted according to the length along the dentition connecting the left and right rearmost teeth. For example, when the average adult male left lower third molar and right lower third molar are the last teeth, the length of the orthodontic wire 300 is usually set to 120 to 130 mm. The The length of the orthodontic wire 300 is preferably determined with the following in mind.

That is, the distance from the end of the orthodontic wire 300 to the open end of the rear (mouth back side) of the guide hole 111 (hereinafter, referred to as a distance L ₁₎ to be able to secure more than 2 mm. Thus, the length along the dentition connecting the right and left rearmost teeth even when (hereinafter, referred to as the length L ₀₎ is shorter than the original, end guide hole of the orthodontic wire 300 It can be made difficult to protrude from the rear opening end of 111. The length L ₀ is normally shortened as come equipped with teeth. The distance _{L 1} is preferably the securing or 3 mm, further preferably ensured over 4 mm. In orthodontic bracket 100 to 102, the distance _{L 1} is optimal when about to 4.5mm ensured.

On the other hand, the distance from the end of the orthodontic wire 300 to the open end of the front (mouth near side) of the guide hole 111 (hereinafter, the distance is referred to as L ₂₎ to be secured over 2 mm. Thereby, the end portion of the orthodontic wire 300 can be prevented from falling off from the opening end in front of the guide hole 111. The distance _{L 2} is preferably the securing or 3 mm, further preferably ensured over 4 mm. In orthodontic bracket 100 to 102, the distance _{L 2} is optimal when about to 4.5mm ensured.

4.0 An orthodontic bracket for anterior teeth If the orthodontic bracket 400 fixed to the anterior teeth supports the orthodontic wire 300 in a state where the orthodontic wire 300 can be moved along the direction of the dentition. There is no particular limitation, and various orthodontic brackets can be used.

It is the figure which showed the orthodontic bracket of 1st embodiment. The state in which the orthodontic bracket of the first embodiment is fixed to the buccal side of the last tooth (first molar) and the dentition is corrected is shown from the buccal side of the last tooth. FIG. The state where the orthodontic bracket of the first embodiment is fixed to the buccal side of the last tooth (first molar) and the orthodontics is corrected is shown from the occlusal surface side of the last tooth. FIG. It is the figure which showed the state which expanded the peripheral part (A part) of the orthodontic bracket in FIG. It is the figure which showed the orthodontic bracket of the 2nd embodiment. The state in which the orthodontic bracket of the second embodiment is fixed to the buccal side of the last tooth (second molar) and the dentition is corrected is shown from the side of the buccal side of the last tooth. FIG. The state that the orthodontic bracket of the second embodiment is fixed to the buccal side of the last tooth (second molar) and the dentition is corrected is shown from the occlusal surface side of the last tooth. FIG. It is the figure which showed the state which expanded the peripheral part (B part) of the orthodontic bracket in FIG. It is the figure which showed the orthodontic bracket of the 3rd embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 100 Orthodontic bracket of 1st embodiment 101 Orthodontic bracket of 2nd embodiment 102 Orthodontic bracket of 3rd embodiment 110 Main body part 111 Guide hole 112 Hook 120 Fixed base 204 First premolar tooth of left lower jaw 205 Left premolar second premolar 206 Left mandibular first molar 207 Left mandibular second premolar 300 Orthodontic wire 400 Orthodontic bracket (for anterior teeth)

Claims (5)

  For the last tooth comprising a tube-shaped main body provided with a guide hole for guiding the orthodontic wire, and a fixing base for fixing the main body to the buccal or lingual side of the last tooth An orthodontic bracket, wherein the guide hole has a length of 5 mm or more, and an end portion of the orthodontic wire can be accommodated in the guide hole.   The fixed base is formed in a band shape, the main body is provided on one surface of the fixed base, and the other surface of the fixed base is bonded to the last tooth, whereby the main body is attached to the buccal side or the tongue side of the last tooth. The orthodontic bracket according to claim 1, which can be fixed.   The rear end of the main body portion and the fixed base portion is bent to the side where the rearmost tooth is arranged, and the rear end of the main body portion and the fixed base portion can be made to follow the corner portion of the rearmost tooth. 2. An orthodontic bracket according to 2.   The fixed base is formed in an annular shape, the main body is provided on the outer surface of the fixed base, and the fixed base is fitted to the outside of the last tooth so that the main body can be fixed to the buccal side or the tongue side of the last tooth. The orthodontic bracket according to claim 1.   The orthodontic bracket according to any one of claims 1 to 4, further comprising a hook for hanging an elastic material that connects the rearmost tooth and another tooth.

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