JP2001159223A - Exterior panel - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an exterior panel made of a composite plate produced by bonding a thermal insulation plate member made of a foaming material and a ceramic exterior plate member mutually so as to facilitate sorting after use and disposal work. SOLUTION: An exterior plate member 21 and a thermal insulation plate member 22 are mutually bonded through adhesive A or an adhesive tape. They are integrated to such an extent that there is not hindrance in small transportation and handling. When thus constituted exterior panel is finished as a wall face, there is no difference between a panel using adhesive and it. Furthermore, sorting after use is easy, and disposal work can be done simply.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an exterior panel used as an exterior material or an interior material for a building, and more particularly to an exterior panel formed by bonding a heat insulating plate made of a foam material and a ceramic exterior plate. It is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as one of building materials, a heat insulating plate made of a foam material having a very high heat insulating property such as isocyanurate foam or rigid urethane foam has been known. Since these foamed materials have closed cells, they have a very high heat insulating effect and a very low water absorption and moisture permeability. Further, the specific gravity is very light, about 0.03. Although it is a material having such various characteristics, it is difficult to use the foamed material alone, and thus it is commercialized as an exterior panel by bonding it to the back side of another ceramic exterior panel material. In addition to ceramic-type exterior plate materials, products bonded to iron plates or aluminum plates are also commercially available. Insulation plate materials made of such foam materials have a surface material such as aluminum foil or kraft paper stuck on both sides to protect the surface, and in this type, an exterior plate material is stuck on the surface material. Become. Alternatively, in a case where the thickness of the heat insulating plate is to be adjusted, the face plate may be shaved and the exterior plate may be bonded to the surface where the foamed material is exposed.

[0003]

As described above, an exterior panel in which a heat insulating panel made of a foam material and an exterior panel such as a ceramic industry are bonded together has excellent heat insulation properties, and is used as an exterior panel for an energy-saving house. More uses are expected. However, when the exterior panel is discarded after use, the thermal insulation board, which is a foamed material, is a chemical substance and is a so-called managed waste that causes various problems, and therefore it is necessary to separate and separate the exterior panel from the exterior panel. However, since the heat insulation board and the exterior board are firmly bonded together with an adhesive, they cannot be easily separated on site,
You will have to take it home from the site and do the sorting work. As described above, there is a problem that unnecessary work increases and work efficiency deteriorates.

[0004] The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an exterior panel which can be easily separated after use and can be easily discarded. Is to provide.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention relates to an exterior panel for a building material in which a heat insulating plate made of a foam material is bonded to the back of a ceramic exterior plate, The plate material and the heat insulating plate material are bonded together via an adhesive or an adhesive tape. In other words, the exterior plate and the heat insulating plate are not bonded to each other with an adhesive, but are temporarily fixed (temporarily bonded) with an adhesive or adhesive tape within a range that does not hinder the work of small transport and handling. It is.

[0006]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view of a wall structure constructed using an exterior panel according to the present invention. The air-tight sheet 11 is attached to the outside of the wall of the wall shown in FIG. 1 which is composed of pillar members 10 such as pillars and studs, and a plurality of exterior panels 20 are nailed with a nail M or a screw on the air-tight sheet 11. It was directly attached and constructed. In addition, when airtightness is maintained favorably only by the exterior panel 20, the airtight sheet 11 can be omitted.

The exterior panel 20 used in this example is shown in FIG.
As shown in the figure, a heat insulating plate 22 made of a foam material is adhered to the back side of the exterior plate 21 with an adhesive A, and the upper and lower edges of the exterior plate 21 are fitted to each other. Steps 21a and 21b are formed by cutting, and steps 22a and 22 are formed so that they fit into the upper edge and the lower edge of the heat insulating plate 22, respectively.
b is formed by cutting. Note that an adhesive tape may be used instead of the adhesive A. In order to improve the airtightness, a waterproof seal F made of a foam-based hot melt or a rubber-based soft material is provided in the longitudinal direction of the end as shown in the figure. In addition, it suffices that the left and right edges of the exterior plate 21 and the heat insulation plate 22 are cut so as to have a joint shape. Alternatively, the exterior plate 21 and the heat insulating plate 22 may be staggered and stuck to form a step. At the time of construction, the upper exterior panel 20 is placed on the attached lower exterior panel 20, and at the same time, the steps 21a and 22a at the upper edges of the lower exterior panel 20 and the steps at the lower edge of the upper exterior panel 20. 21b and 22b are fitted to each other.
Is fixed to the column member 10 with a nail M or a screw.

[0008] Since the exterior panel 20 is nailed to the pillar member 10 with nails M or screws on the wall surface thus constructed, the exterior plate 21 and the heat insulating plate 22 are bonded together with an adhesive A or an adhesive tape. Even if it does, it will not peel off after construction.

As the foam material constituting the heat insulating plate 22 of the exterior panel 20, the same materials as those conventionally used, such as isocyanurate foam, hard urethane foam, foamed polystyrene and foamed polyethylene, are used. Thickness of about 10 to 100 mm is used.
On the other hand, a ceramic-based exterior plate is used. Specifically, calcium silicate plate, cement perlite plate,
A rectangular decorative board made of fiber-mixed cement board, etc.
Those having a size of about 25 mm are used.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a wall structure constructed by using another type of exterior panel according to the present invention. In the wall shown in the figure, an airtight sheet 11 is attached to the outdoor side of a wall foundation composed of pillar members 10 such as pillars and studs, and a plurality of exterior panels 20 are attached from above the airtight sheet 11 by a fixture. It was constructed in that way. In addition, when airtightness is maintained favorably only by the exterior panel 20, the airtight sheet 11 can be omitted.

The exterior panel 20 used in this example is shown in FIG.
As shown in FIG. 5, a heat insulating plate 22 made of a foam material is attached to the back side of the exterior plate 21 with an adhesive A, and the upper and lower edges of the exterior plate 21 are fitted to each other. Steps 21a and 21b are formed by cutting to form a space into which the front end of the metal fitting 30 enters, and steps 22a and 22b having a shape that fits with each other are formed on the upper edge and the lower edge of the heat insulating plate material 22, respectively. It is formed by cutting. Note that an adhesive tape may be used instead of the adhesive A. In order to improve the airtightness, a waterproof seal F made of a foam-based hot melt or a rubber-based soft material is provided in the longitudinal direction of the end as shown in the figure. In addition, it suffices that the left and right edges of the exterior plate 21 and the heat insulation plate 22 are cut so as to have a joint shape. Alternatively, the exterior plate 21 and the heat insulating plate 22 may be staggered and stuck to form a step.

The fixture 30 is fixed to a wall surface base at a position where the exterior panel 20 is supported at a corner thereof.
Therefore, it has a pedestal portion 31 for fixing to the wall surface base and an arm portion 32 for supporting the exterior panel 20, and a downward step portion 33 is provided in the middle of the arm portion 32.
Are formed by bending. Also, the illustrated fixture 30
In the upper portion 31a of the pedestal portion 31, a hole for driving a fastener N such as a nail or a screw is provided.
Is formed in a shape that is raised by bending. By setting the lower portion 31b in such a manner that the lower portion 31b rises, the fitting of the fastener N is improved even if the head slightly protrudes. At the tip of the arm 32, an upward portion 32a and a downward portion 3 for accommodating the exterior panel 20 are provided.
2b are provided.

FIG. 5 shows a specific example of the fixture. The attachment 30 is made of a single metal plate having a thickness of about 1 mm and made of a stainless steel plate or the like. The arm 32 is formed by bending a part of the pedestal 31 forward. Specifically, two arm portions 32 are protruded left and right, and 4
A downward step portion 33 is formed on each of the two arm portions 32, and an upward portion 32a is formed on one of the two arm portions 32.
Is formed, and a downward portion 32b is formed on the other side. The three portions indicated by 34 in the figure are defined by U-shaped slits and have a plurality of projections directed forward, and the exterior panel 20 inserted into the fixture 30 is operated by a leaf spring. It is designed to be pressed.

The construction of the wall using the exterior panel 20 and the fixture 30 is performed in the following procedure. First, the fixture 30 for supporting the lowermost exterior panel 20 is attached to the column member 10.
Attach to In this case, one fitting 30 is assigned to the joint of the two exterior panels 20.
Next, the lower edge of the lowermost exterior panel 20 is attached to the fixture 30.
And the step 22b of the lower end edge of the heat insulating plate 22 in the exterior panel 20 is fitted to the step portion 33 of the fixture 30, and the lower end of the exterior plate 21 is located on the upper part of the arm 32 of the fixture 30. 32a.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6, a fitting 30 is fitted to the upper end of the lowermost exterior panel 20, and the fitting 30 is fixed to the column member 10 using a fastener N. In this case, the protrusion 33 of the fixture 30 fits into the step 22 a of the upper edge of the heat insulating plate 22 in the exterior panel 20, and the upper end of the exterior plate 21 fits in the downward portion 32 b of the arm 32 of the fixture 30. Make it in a close state. Then
After fixing the fixture 30 fitted on the upper end of the lowermost exterior panel 20 to the wall surface base, the lower end edge of the second exterior panel 20 is positioned on the lowermost exterior panel 20.
Is placed on the arm 32. Then, the lowermost exterior panel 2
The lower step 22b of the lower edge of the second exterior panel 20 fits into the step 22a of the upper edge of the upper panel 0, and the lower end of the upper exterior panel 20 fits into the step 33 of the arm 32 of the fixture 30. The step 22b of the edge fits. At this time, the exterior panel 20
Since the waterproof seal F is provided on the upper edge of the outer panel 20, airtightness can be maintained even if a slight gap is formed between the edges of the exterior panel 20 due to the interposition of the fixture 30.

On the wall surface constructed as described above, the upper end and the lower end of the exterior panel 21 of the exterior panel 20 are fixed by the downward portion 32b and the upward portion 32a of the fixture 30, respectively. Since the downward portion 32b and the upward portion 32a are inclined, the exterior panel 20
A pressing force acts on the outer plate 21 and the heat insulating plate 22.
However, even if they are adhered with the adhesive A or the adhesive tape, they do not peel off after the application.

In the case where the fixture 30 is made of metal, if the exterior plate 21 is cooled by cold outside air in winter, the fixture 30 may be cooled and dew may be formed on the surface. In order to prevent this dew condensation, it is preferable that the attachment 30 is made of resin or the surface of the attachment 30 is covered with resin. Alternatively, the arm 32 of the fixture 30 is shortened, and the upward portion 32
a and the downward portion 32b may be engaged with the heat insulating plate 22 on the exterior panel 20.

FIG. 7 is a sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the lower structure of the wall surface shown in FIG. The lower structure shown in the figure does not use a fixture for attaching the lowermost exterior panel. In other words, when attaching the outermost panel at the bottom, it is not difficult to level out with black ink,
It is difficult to attach the fixture to this horizontal line.
This is because, when the fixture is stopped, the level is often out of order due to the driving method of a nail or a screw, and even if the exterior panels are to be sequentially lifted, the level is gradually lowered and the process is often repeated.

The lower part of the wall shown in FIG. 7 is constructed such that a tree 2 as a base 1 is laterally nailed, and a drainage fitting 3 is placed on the tree 2 to form a base drainage structure.
The airtight sheet 11 is attached to the outside of the wall surface constituted by the column members 10, and a plurality of exterior panels 20 are attached from above the airtight sheet 11 by the fixtures 30.

Drainer 3 mounted on rafter 2
Is made of a color steel plate or a PVC-coated steel plate like a normal drainer, has a crank-shaped cross section, and has a folded portion 3a and a bent portion 3 at an upper edge and a lower edge, respectively.
b is formed. In the drainage fitting 3 used here, a projection 3c for fixing the exterior panel 20 is formed on a horizontal plane.

The projections 3c are provided in the length direction of the drainage fitting 3, but it is preferable to devise drainage as necessary. For example, if the projection 3c is formed with a gap left, water flows from this gap. Alternatively, the rafter 2 may be attached with a predetermined gap, and a drain hole of an appropriate size may be provided in the horizontal plane of the drainage fitting 3 corresponding to the gap. Although the drainage hole may be left as it is, the airtightness may be slightly lowered.For example, a sponge-like container having a sponge-like material may be disposed below the drainage hole, or the weight may be reduced. It is conceivable to cover the drain hole with a float attached with.

The construction of the lower structure shown in FIG. 7 is as follows. First, after the drainage fitting 3 is wound on the rafter 2, the airtight band P is arranged on the inner step of the projection 3 c. After the preparation is completed in this way, first, the lowermost exterior panel 2
0 is placed on the drainage fitting 3 and the exterior plate 21
Are fitted in the projections 3c of the drainage fitting 3. Next, the attachment 3 is attached to the upper end of the lowermost exterior panel 20.
After fitting 0, the fixture 30 is fixed to the column member 10 using the fastener N. Thereafter, the entire wall surface is constructed according to the above-described procedure. On the wall surface thus constructed, the lowermost exterior panel 20 is installed horizontally by the projection 3c of the drainage fitting 3, so that the exterior panel is kept horizontal over the entire wall surface.

That is, by providing a projection for fixing the exterior panel on the horizontal surface of the drainage fitting, when the wall surface is constructed with the exterior panel, the lowermost exterior panel is simply placed on the projection and becomes horizontal. Since another exterior panel is installed on the wall, the exterior panel is kept horizontal over the entire wall surface and can be constructed in a horizontal state without any trouble.

Here, a heat insulating plate made of a foamed material has a large dimensional change due to a temperature difference, whereas a ceramic exterior plate has a small dimensional change due to shrinkage or water absorption expansion although it has shrinkage or water absorption expansion. Therefore, if the exterior panel where both are bonded with an adhesive is placed in an environment where the temperature difference is severe, the exterior panel material on the front side also tends to move with the movement of the heat insulating panel material on the back side, and as a result, it will shrink or shrink. Cause warping and cracking. However, since the exterior panel of the present invention is obtained by bonding the exterior panel material and the heat insulating panel via an adhesive or an adhesive tape having a weak pressing force, the movement of the rear thermal panel may affect the front panel panel. Few.

In the case where warping or cracking occurs due to such a temperature difference, a cut is provided on the bonding surface side of the heat insulating plate so that the cut allows the expansion and contraction of the heat insulating plate to be absorbed. It is good to This cut is processed by sawing on the front side of the heat insulating plate before bonding to the exterior plate. The cuts are preferably provided in a grid pattern, and the cuts are preferably as deep as possible. Further, in order to prevent a decrease in heat insulation in consideration of airtightness, it is better to leave a margin around the periphery.

[0026]

As described above, the exterior panel according to the present invention has a structure in which a heat insulating plate made of a foam material is adhered to the back side of a ceramic exterior plate via an adhesive or an adhesive tape. It is integrated to the extent that it does not interfere with small transport and handling work.If it is finished as a wall, it is indistinguishable from using an adhesive, and it is easy to separate after use, and it is disposed of. Work can be done easily.

Further, since the exterior plate and the heat insulating plate are not completely adhered to each other, even if an object hits or is hit by a car after installation, the outer heat insulating plate is replaced only with the outer heat insulating plate. And partial repairs can be easily performed.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view of a wall structure constructed using an exterior panel according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing upper and lower portions of an exterior panel used for the wall structure of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view of a wall structure constructed using another type of exterior panel according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional view showing upper and lower portions of an exterior panel used for the wall structure of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a specific example of a fixture.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a construction procedure of the wall structure of FIG.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view showing a preferred embodiment of the lower structure of the wall surface shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Base 2 Barrel 3 Drain metal fitting 3a Folding part 3b Bending part 3c Projection 10 Column member 11 Airtight sheet 20 Exterior panel 21 Exterior board 22 Heat insulating board 22a, 22b Step 23 Airtight 30 Mounting fixture 31 Base 31a Upper part 31b Lower part 32 Arm 32a Upward section 32b Downward section 33 Step section A Adhesive F Waterproof seal N Fastener M Nail P Airtight band

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page F-term (reference) 2E110 AA02 AA52 AB04 AB22 AB23 BA02 BA12 BA22 BD23 GA24X GA33W GB17W GB23W GB33W GB43X GB54X 2E162 CA01 CA04 CA21 CD01 CD02 CD03 4F100 AD00A AT00A AT00B BA02 CB05G DC21 DC23 DJJ12

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An exterior panel for a building material in which a heat insulating plate made of a foam material is attached to the back side of a ceramic exterior plate, wherein the exterior plate and the heat insulating plate are attached via an adhesive or an adhesive tape. An exterior panel characterized by the above. 2. The exterior panel according to claim 1, wherein a cut is formed on the bonding surface side of the heat insulating plate. 3. The exterior panel according to claim 2, wherein the cuts of the heat insulating plate are formed in a grid pattern. 4. The exterior panel according to claim 2, wherein a margin is left around without forming a cut to an end of the heat insulating plate.