JP2001132195A - Wall face structure - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a wall face structure simple to execute, having a heat insulating property and good airtightness, and excellent in heat insulation performance. SOLUTION: A heat insulating plate 22 made of a foam material is stuck to the back side of an exterior plate 21 by an adhesive to form an exterior panel 20, and steps in a shape to be coupled together are formed on the upper end edge and the lower end edge of the heat insulating plate 22. A fitting tool 30 is provided with a pedestal section 31 for fixing the exterior panel 20 to a wall face substrate and an arm section 32 for supporting the exterior panel 20, and a downward step portion 33 is formed by bend machining at the middle of the arm section 32. The step on the lower end edge of the upper exterior panel 20 is inserted into the groove on the upper end edge of the lower exterior panel 20, the step portion 33 on the arm section 32 of the fitting tool 30 is coupled with the step on the upper end edge of the lower exterior panel 20, and the step on the lower end edge of the upper exterior panel 20 is coupled with the step portion 33.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention belongs to the technical field of a wall structure of a building using an exterior panel, and more particularly to a wall structure suitable for an energy-saving house.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, the housing industry has been promoting the construction of energy-saving houses for the purpose of preventing global warming. In other words, by insulating the house and reducing the energy used for heating and cooling, it is intended to suppress the emission of carbon dioxide, which causes global warming. The basis of such insulation of a house is to wrap a living space with insulation material. For this purpose, it is necessary to install a heat insulating material on the ceiling (or roof), wall, and floor that are in contact with the outside air.

[0003] Of the above-described heat insulation of houses, heat insulation for walls is roughly classified into inner heat insulation and outer heat insulation. Among these, the wall structure of the inner heat insulation, for example, put a heat insulating material such as glass wool, rock wool between pillars and studs, and cover both indoor and outdoor sides with a moisture-proof and airtight sheet, the indoor side It is formed by attaching an interior material and attaching an exterior panel to the outside of the room via a vertical trunk edge or a horizontal trunk edge. On the other hand, the wall structure of external heat insulation is, for example, instead of inserting heat insulating material between pillars and studs, for example, a moisture-proof and airtight sheet is stretched on the outside of the pillars and studs, and heat insulation is performed using metal fittings etc. on it. It is formed by sticking an exterior panel with a shape.

[0004]

Among the above-mentioned heat insulations for walls, the inner heat insulation requires a process of packing glass wool between columns or studs, or attaching a vertical or horizontal waist edge. It takes time to work. In addition, although the ventilation path is formed by the vertical and horizontal edges to prevent dew condensation, after a long period of time, the heat insulating material contains moisture due to internal condensation, and when it becomes heavy to some extent, it slips in the wall. There is a problem that it falls and cannot be understood until the wall is opened. On the other hand, although the external heat insulation is easy to construct, a gap is formed at the joint between the exterior panels, and outside air flows in and out of the gap, so that there is a problem that heat insulation is lost. It is conceivable to fill the gap from the outside with caulking, but the appearance will deteriorate due to the difference in the material.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide a wall surface having good airtightness and excellent heat insulation performance, while providing external heat insulation that is easy to perform. It is to provide a structure.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a first type according to the present invention is a wall structure in which a plurality of exterior panels are constructed on a wall base by using a fixture. In addition, the exterior panel is formed by bonding an insulating plate made of a foam material to the back side of the exterior plate with an adhesive, and a step having a shape in which the upper edge and the lower edge of the insulating plate are fitted to each other is formed. The mounting fixture has a pedestal part for fixing to a wall surface base and an arm part for supporting an exterior panel, and the arm part has a stepped part having a shape matching the step of the heat insulating plate material. Is formed by bending, the step of the lower edge of the upper exterior panel fits into the step of the upper edge of the lower exterior panel of the upper and lower rows, and the step of the arm of the mounting fixture The part fits into the step of the upper edge of the lower exterior panel, Characterized in that the step portion of the are in a state step is to fit fits the lower edge of the upper exterior panel.

In order to achieve the same object, a second type according to the present invention is a wall structure in which a plurality of exterior panels are attached to a wall base by nailing,
The exterior panel is formed by laminating a heat insulating plate made of a foam material on the back side of the external plate with an adhesive, and a step that fits into the upper edge and the lower edge of the heat insulating plate is formed. It is characterized in that the step of the lower edge of the upper exterior panel is fitted into the step of the upper edge of the lower exterior panel among the vertically arranged rows.

[0008]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing an example of a first type wall structure according to the present invention. The air-tight sheet 11 is attached to the outdoor surface of the wall surface composed of pillar members 10 such as columns and studs, and a plurality of exterior panels 20 are mounted on the air-tight sheet 11 by the fixture 30. It was attached and constructed.

As shown in FIG. 2, the exterior panel 20 is formed by bonding a heat insulating plate 22 made of a foam material to the back of an external plate 21 with an adhesive.
Steps 22a and 22b are formed on the upper edge and the lower edge, respectively, so as to fit each other.

The heat insulating plate member 22 constituting the exterior panel 20
Is made of a highly heat-insulating foam material such as isocyanurate foam, rigid urethane foam, expanded polystyrene, expanded polyethylene and the like. These foam materials are
Since the structure is closed cells, it has properties of extremely high heat insulating effect and extremely low water absorption and moisture permeability. Further, the specific gravity is very light, about 0.03. Although it is a material with such various characteristics,
Since it is difficult to use the foamed material alone, the foamed material is used as the exterior panel 20 in a state where the foamed material is bonded to and integrated with the back surface of the exterior plate material 21 such as ceramics. As the exterior plate material, a ceramic-based plate material such as a calcium silicate plate, a cement pearlite plate, and a fiber-mixed cement plate is mainly used, but a product bonded to an iron plate or an aluminum plate is also used. The heat insulating plate 22 made of such a foam material has a surface material such as aluminum foil or kraft paper adhered on both sides to protect the surface. In this type, the exterior plate material 21 is adhered on the surface material. Will be. Alternatively, in the case where the thickness of the heat insulating plate 22 is adjusted, the exterior plate 21 may be bonded to the surface where the foam material is exposed by shaving from one surface material side.

The fixture 30 is fixed to a wall surface base at a position where the exterior panel 20 is supported at a corner thereof.
Therefore, it has a pedestal portion 31 for fixing to the wall surface base and an arm portion 32 for supporting the exterior panel 20, and a downward step portion 33 is provided in the middle of the arm portion 32.
Are formed by bending. Also, the illustrated fixture 30
In the upper portion 31a of the pedestal portion 31, a hole for driving a fastener N such as a nail or a screw is provided.
Is formed in a shape that is raised by bending. By setting the lower portion 31b in such a manner that the lower portion 31b rises, the fitting of the fastener N is improved even if the head slightly protrudes. At the tip of the arm 32, an upward portion 32a and a downward portion 3 for accommodating the exterior panel 20 are provided.
2b are provided.

FIG. 3 shows a specific example of the fixture. The attachment 30 is made of a single metal plate having a thickness of about 1 mm and made of a stainless steel plate or the like. The arm 32 is formed by bending a part of the pedestal 31 forward. Specifically, two arm portions 32 are protruded left and right, and 4
A downward step portion 33 is formed on each of the two arm portions 32, and an upward portion 32a is formed on one of the two arm portions 32.
Is formed, and a downward portion 32b is formed on the other side.

The step 22a at the upper edge and the step 22b at the lower edge of the heat insulating plate 22 in the exterior panel 20 are respectively formed over the entire width of the exterior panel 20 by cutting. Further, the exterior plate material 2 in the exterior panel 20
1 so that the upper and lower edges overlap when they are adjacent,
And the upward part 32a and the downward part 32b of the fixture 30.
Is cut over the entire width of the exterior panel 20 so as to fit the shape. In addition, it suffices that the left and right edges of the exterior plate 21 and the heat insulation plate 22 are cut so as to have a joint shape. Then, as shown in FIG. 2, an airtight material F made of a foam-based hot melt or a rubber-based soft material is attached to the upper edge of the exterior plate material 21 in the length direction, and the exterior panel 2
Airtightness is improved when 0 is attached. In this case, at least one airtight material F is provided on the end surface of the heat insulating plate 22. A similar airtight material F is also provided on the upper edge of the exterior plate 21.

The construction of the wall using the exterior panel 20 and the fixture 30 is performed in the following procedure. In this case, an airtight sheet 11
Is stapled, and the exterior panel 20 is attached from above the airtight sheet 11. In addition, when airtightness is maintained favorably only by the exterior panel 20, the airtight sheet 11 can be omitted.

First, a fixture 30 for supporting the lowermost exterior panel 20 is attached to the column member 10. In this case, one fitting 30 is assigned to the joint of the two exterior panels 20. Next, the lower edge of the lowermost exterior panel 20 is placed on the arm 32 of the fixture 30,
Step 2 at the lower edge of heat insulating plate 22 in exterior panel 20
2b is fitted into the step portion 33 of the fixture 30, and the lower end of the exterior plate 21 is positioned on the upper portion 3 of the arm 32 of the fixture 30.
2a.

Next, as shown in FIG. 4, a fitting 30 is fitted to the upper end of the lowermost exterior panel 20, and the fitting 30 is fixed to the column member 10 using a fastener N. In this case, the protrusion 33 of the fixture 30 fits into the step 22 a of the upper edge of the heat insulating plate 22 in the exterior panel 20, and the upper end of the exterior plate 21 fits in the downward portion 32 b of the arm 32 of the fixture 30. Make it in a close state. Then
After fixing the fixture 30 fitted on the upper end of the lowermost exterior panel 20 to the wall surface base, the lower end edge of the second exterior panel 20 is positioned on the lowermost exterior panel 20.
Is placed on the arm 32. Then, the lowermost exterior panel 2
The lower step 22b of the lower edge of the second exterior panel 20 fits into the step 22a of the upper edge of the upper panel 0, and the lower end of the upper exterior panel 20 fits into the step 33 of the arm 32 of the fixture 30. The step 22b of the edge fits. At this time, the exterior panel 20
Since the airtight material F is provided on the upper edge of the outer panel 20, even if a slight gap is formed between the edges of the outer panel 20 due to the interposition of the metal fitting 30, the airtight material F provided in advance on the upper edge of the outer panel 20 is provided. Thus, the airtightness is maintained.

On the wall surface constructed as described above, the upward portion 32a and the downward portion 3 for accommodating the exterior panel 20 at the tip of the arm 32 of the fixture 30 are provided.
2b. Then, the upper end and the lower end of the exterior plate 21 of the exterior panel 20 are fixed by the downward portion 32b and the upward portion 32a of the fixture 30, respectively. When fixed in such a state, when the exterior plate 21 is cooled by cold outside air in winter, the mounting fixture 30 is also cooled, and dew condensation may occur on the surface.
In order to prevent this dew condensation, it is preferable that the attachment 30 is made of resin or the surface of the attachment 30 is covered with resin.
Alternatively, the arm portion 32 of the attachment 30 is shortened, and the upward portion 3
The 2a and the downward portion 32b may be engaged with the heat insulating plate 22 on the exterior panel 20.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing an example of a second type of wall structure according to the present invention. The wall shown in the figure does not use a fixture for attaching the exterior panel 20. That is, the exterior panel 20 is directly attached to the column member 10 with the nail M. When the second type of wall is constructed, the upper exterior panel 20 is placed on the lower exterior panel 20 attached, and at the same time, the lower exterior panel 2 is mounted.
The step 22a at the upper edge of the zero and the step 22b at the lower edge of the upper exterior panel 20 are fitted to each other, and the upper exterior panel 20 is fixed to the column member 10 with the nail M in this state. Also in the case of this type, if the airtight material F is provided on the upper edge of the exterior panel 20, the airtightness is improved.

[0019]

As described above, according to the wall structure of the present invention, when external heat insulation is performed using an exterior panel in which a heat insulating plate is bonded to the back side of an exterior plate, the lower part of the upper and lower parts is arranged vertically. By making the step of the upper edge of the side exterior panel and the step of the lower edge of the upper exterior panel fit together, the airtightness of the wall surface becomes good, so the heat insulation of the heat insulating plate material is sufficiently Because it can be exhibited, it is possible to exhibit excellent heat insulation performance while being external heat insulation that is easier to perform than internal heat insulation using a heat insulating material such as glass wool.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of a first type wall structure according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional view showing upper and lower portions of an exterior panel used for the wall structure of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing a specific example of a fixture used in the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view for explaining a construction procedure of the wall structure of FIG.

FIG. 5 is a partial cross-sectional view showing an example of a second type wall structure according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Column member 11 Airtight sheet 20 Exterior panel 21 Exterior plate material 22 Insulating plate material 22a, 22b Step 23 Airtight material 30 Attachment 31 Pedestal portion 31a Upper portion 31b Lower portion 32 Arm portion 32a Upward portion 32b Downward portion 33 Step portion N Fastener M nail

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on front page F term (reference) 2E110 AA02 AB04 AB22 BA02 BC02 BD23 CA07 CC02 CC06 CC24 DA02 DA22 DC15 DC21 DD02 GA23W GA23X GA24X GA33W GA33X GB03Z GB17W GB23W GB33W GB54X

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A wall structure in which a plurality of exterior panels are applied to a wall base using a fixture, wherein the exterior panels are formed by attaching an insulating plate made of a foam material to the back side of the exterior plate with an adhesive. The upper edge and the lower edge of the heat insulating plate material are formed with a step that fits each other, and the fixture supports a pedestal portion and an exterior panel for fixing to a wall surface base. And an upper end of the lower exterior panel of the upper and lower sides formed by bending a step portion having a shape corresponding to the step of the heat insulating plate material. The step of the lower edge of the upper exterior panel fits into the step of the edge, and the step of the arm portion of the fixture fits into the step of the upper edge of the lower exterior panel, and the upper part of the step The step of the lower edge of the exterior panel is fitted Wall structure characterized by that. 2. The wall structure according to claim 1, wherein at least one airtight material is provided in advance along an upper edge of the heat insulating plate of the exterior panel. 3. A wall structure in which a plurality of exterior panels are attached to a wall base by nailing, wherein the exterior panels are formed by bonding a heat insulating plate made of a foam material to the back side of an exterior plate with an adhesive. The upper edge and the lower edge of the heat-insulating plate material are formed with a step that fits each other, and the upper outer panel is formed on the step of the upper edge of the lower outer panel among the vertically arranged ones. A wall structure characterized in that a step at a lower edge of the lower end is fitted. 4. The wall structure according to claim 3, wherein at least one airtight material is provided in advance along the upper edge of the heat insulating plate of the exterior panel.