JP2001149893A - Extinction type garbage treatment apparatus and treatment method using the same - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact extinction type garbage treatment apparatus for efficiently performing the extinction treatment of garbage issued in large quantities from a business field while extremly suppressing the generation of harmless gas, or the like. SOLUTION: In an extinction type garbage treatment apparatus equipped with stirring means for stirring and mixing garbage and a floor material in a fermentation tank 1, the fermentation tank 1 has a pair of rotatable stirring means 2, 2 arranged side by side and a waterdrop collecting plate 7 provided above the stirring means to collect moisture generated by the fermentation of garbage and each of the stirring means has a plurality of stirring blades 4 attached on its rotary shaft at a predetermined angle with respect to its rotary surface 5 and the waterdrop collecting plate 7 is formed into a lid-like shape having an M-shaped or inverted V-shaped cross section, and a discharge means for catching generated moisture collected by the waterdrop collecting plate 7 to discharge the same out of the fermentation tank 1 is provided and the fermentation tank 1 is formed so that the interior thereof becomes a substantially hermetically sealed state and has a heating means heating the fermentation tank 1 to a predetermined temperature.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a garbage disposal apparatus, and more particularly to a garbage disposal apparatus and a garbage disposal method suitable for erasing a large amount of garbage for business use.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Organic trash (hereinafter referred to as garbage) such as food, livestock dung, and sewage sludge contained in municipal garbage and the like is transferred to a processing tank of a processing apparatus by using a base material made of sawdust and the like as yeast. It is generally known to put together with a decomposition accelerator such as, and stir and decompose under predetermined conditions.

[0003]

However, conventional processing of garbage, particularly processing of garbage for business use discharged in large quantities, required a large-sized processing apparatus. In addition, garbage is almost completely disintegrated until its shape disappears
It is difficult to do this, and the waste after treatment is accompanied by the generation of harmful gas (dioxin) and offensive odor. There was a problem with the disposal.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to efficiently dispose of a large amount of garbage and the like for home use and for business use, and to produce a compact extinction-type garbage disposal apparatus which generates very little harmful gas and the like, and It is to provide a processing method.

[0005]

The gist of the present invention to achieve the above object is as follows.

[1] In an extinguishable garbage disposal apparatus provided with a stirring means for stirring and mixing garbage and floor material in a fermentation tank, the fermentation tank has a pair of rotatable juxtaposed stirring means; An agitating means has a collecting plate for water generated by fermentation of garbage on an upper part of the agitating means, the agitating means has a plurality of agitating blades, and a predetermined angle on a rotation axis of the agitating means with respect to a rotation surface thereof. The drip plate has a cross section of M
A discharge means for collecting the generated water captured by the drip plate and discharging the generated water to the outside of the fermentation tank, wherein the fermentation tank has an inside formed therein. An extinguishing garbage disposal apparatus is provided so as to be substantially sealed, and is provided with a heating means for heating to a predetermined temperature.

[2] In a garbage disposal method in which garbage and a flooring material are decomposed while being stirred and mixed in a fermenter, the garbage and a flooring material mainly composed of sawdust containing a decomposition catalyst are mixed by volume. The mixture was mixed at a ratio of 1/1 to 1/3, and the mixture was adjusted to have a water content of 60 to 75% by weight. In this method, the garbage is separated and eliminated.

[3] The main component of the flooring material is a sawdust deciduous tree which has been left for about 1 to 2 years after cutting, and is processed into sawdust or a mixture of sawdust and chips. There is in the above-mentioned garbage disposal method.

[0009]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION
In addition, a garbage disposal method using the garbage will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention.

[0010] A stirring means 2, 2 ′ and a drip plate 7 are provided in a substantially sealed fermenter 1. The stirring means 2, 2 ′ has a plurality of stirring blades 4 attached to a rotating shaft 3. ing. 2
The basic stirring means 2, 2 'are arranged side by side in the fermenter 1, and are configured to rotate in opposite directions in the direction of the arrow.

Any number of stirring blades 4 can be attached according to the size of the fermenter, but the number of stirring blades 4 to be attached is determined by the driving means of the apparatus (the rotary driving device 1 in FIG. 2).
4) On the same surface of the rotating surface 5 formed by the rotation of 2),
It is desirable to provide about four sheets.

The above two stirring means 2, 2 '
Assuming that one to which two to four stirring blade groups are attached to the same rotating surface 5 is one stage, the stirring blade groups are arranged on the rotation axis at substantially equal intervals, and the stirring blade groups are arranged in a plurality of stages (6 to 12). (Stage)).

Further, the processed material 6 (garbage + floor material) in the fermenter 1 moves in the fermenter 1 in a wave-like shape, for example, a rotating surface of the stirring blade 4 as shown in FIG. The stirring blade 4 is directly attached to the rotating shaft 3 at a predetermined angle α with respect to 5. Then, the agitating means 2 and 2 ′ arranged in close proximity to each other are configured so that their rotation directions are opposite to each other, so that the processing object 6 is as shown by a broken line arrow as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG. Circulates in the fermenter 1 and is extinguished.

The angle of attachment α of the stirring blade to the rotating shaft 3 is 5 to 35 with respect to the rotating surface 5 as shown in FIG.
Degree, particularly preferably 20 to 30 degrees. The attachment angle α can be set according to the size of the fermenter, the rotation speed of the stirring means, and the like. The mounting angles α of the stirring blades 4 in each stage may be all the same, or may be different for each stage. However, it is preferable that the processing product 6 be mounted so as to be circulated and moved in the fermenter 1 as shown in FIG.

The mounting state of the stirring blade shown in FIG. 3B is shown so that the mounting portion of the rotating shaft 3 has the mounting angle α, but the stirring blade has a substantial portion functioning for stirring. Therefore, even if the structure is twisted in the vicinity of the attachment portion to the rotating shaft 3, the angle may be substantially α for the entire stirring blade.

Further, as shown in FIG. 6, a projection 12 can be provided at the tip of the stirring blade 4. The projections are extremely effective for scraping off the processed material 6 attached to the inner wall surface of the fermenter 1. In particular, this is effective when the treated material 6 is sludge-like. The protrusion 12 has a diameter of 10
The above object can be achieved by providing a projection of about 20 mmφ × length of about 15 to 20 mm in a direction perpendicular to the surface of the tip of the stirring blade 4, and can be provided on both surfaces or one surface of the tip of the stirring blade 4. . The size of the projection 12 can be arbitrarily selected according to the size of the fermenter 1, the size of the stirring blade 4, the type of garbage to be eliminated, and the like.

The stirring blades 4 of the stirring means 2 and 2 'are used.
Are set in accordance with the volume of the fermenter 1 and the rotation range of the stirring means. In addition, the gap between the inner wall of the fermenter 1 and the tip of the rotating blade is configured as narrow as possible,
The desired annihilation decomposition can be performed with high efficiency. The length of the stirring blade is determined by the volume of the fermenter, and the width of the stirring blade is preferably about 50 mm. The rotation speed of the stirring means 4 is desirably about 4 to 10 rpm.

FIG. 1 shows a case where the fermenter 1 has a collecting plate 7 having an M-shaped (or an inverted V-shaped) cross section. The fermenter 1 may have an input port 9 for inputting a raw material and also serve as the lid 10 of the fermenter 1.

In the droplet collecting plate 7, a rain gutter-shaped droplet collecting means 8 is provided immediately below the central lowermost portion of the droplet collecting plate 7 (the lowermost portion in the case of an inverted V-shaped collecting plate). And collects water generated with the progress of the garbage annihilation process.
Through the fermenter 1.

Next, the above-mentioned flooring material is obtained by cutting a deciduous Takaki tree of the family Fagaceae such as Nara (oak), Kunugi (ochi), etc.
It is desirable to process it into sawdust after leaving it to stand for about 2 years or to mix the sawdust and chips. This floor material is obtained by mixing a decomposition catalyst.

As the above-mentioned decomposition catalyst, generally 10% by weight of a commercially available enzyme and a ceramic catalyst (NIX-NM catalyst: manufactured by Nix Corporation) are blended in a floor material mainly composed of sawdust. Used. The decomposition catalyst has an action of acting on an annihilated microorganism of the garbage itself to promote the growth of the microorganism, and activating the elimination action of the garbage to promote the elimination of the garbage.

The mixing ratio between the floor material containing the decomposition catalyst and the garbage depends on the type and composition of the garbage to be annihilated. Ratio) is preferred. Then, it is desirable to adjust by adding water so that the water content of the mixture of the floor material and the garbage becomes 60 to 75% by weight during the extinction treatment.

The processed material 6 is charged into the fermenter 1 having a predetermined capacity, and the stirring means 2 and 2 'are rotated by the rotary drive device 14 to mix the fermenter 1 while the temperature in the fermenter is 39 to 42.
Perform extinction treatment at ℃.

It is to be noted that the extinction treatment is performed while heating so that the processed material 6 in the fermenter is in the above-mentioned temperature range, if necessary. The heating means at this time is optional, but it is preferable to perform a method such as blowing hot air around the outer periphery of the fermentation tank, and it is provided with a temperature control means capable of adjusting the temperature so as to be within the heating temperature range. Is desirable.

Next, an example of the garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention and a garbage disposal method using the same will be described in detail with reference to embodiments.

[Example 1] An extinguishable garbage disposal apparatus having a structure as shown in FIG. 4 was manufactured. The fermenter 1, the stirring means 4, the drip plate 7, and all of the parts that come into contact with the garbage were formed of a corrosion-resistant stainless steel plate.

The fermenter 1 has a size of 1000 mm × 1000 mm.
× 800 mm height, processed material (garbage + flooring material) 6 about 7
It has a capacity capable of accommodating 50 liters, and is provided with two stirring means 2, 2 '.

FIG. 2 shows a schematic configuration diagram (side view of FIG. 1) of the stirring means used in this embodiment. This is a nine-stage configuration in which four stirring blades 4 each having a length of 245 mm, a width of 50 mm, and a thickness of 4 mm are mounted on the same rotating surface 5 on a rotating shaft 3 having a diameter of 30 mmφ.

Each of the stirring blades 4 is attached to the rotating surface 5 in the same direction, and the attachment angle α is 25 degrees. However, for the first and eleventh steps corresponding to both sides shown in FIG.

An M-shaped droplet collecting plate 7 was provided above the stirring means 2 and 2 '. As shown in FIG. 5, the drip plate 7
In order to increase the efficiency of collecting water generated by the annihilation treatment, the plate was formed using an L-shaped plate 11 made of stainless steel.

The droplet collecting plate 7 formed by using the stainless steel L-shaped cross-section plate 11 is difficult to completely adhere the adjacent L-shaped plates to each other. Have. As shown in FIG. 4, an M-shaped cover plate similar to the droplet collecting plate 7 is provided on the droplet collecting plate 7 in order to completely collect moisture leaking from the gap to the upper portion of the droplet collecting plate 7. 13
It was formed so as to be in contact with the upper surface of the droplet collecting plate 7.

In addition, a rain gutter-shaped droplet collecting means 8 is disposed immediately below the central lowermost ridge line of the droplet collecting plate 7. The water collected and dropped by the drip collecting plate 7 is collected by the drip collecting means 8 and can be discharged to the outside of the fermenter 1, that is, to the outside of the extinguishable garbage processing apparatus of the present invention.

Next, a method of eliminating garbage using the above-mentioned elimination type garbage disposal apparatus will be described.

Approximately 750 liters of the floor material mainly composed of the above-mentioned "Nara" and "Kunugi" sawdust was previously filled in the fermentation layer 1. The main component of this floor material is that it is left to stand for about two years after logging and then processed into sawdust. As for the flooring material, the filled upper surface is the rotating shaft 3 of the stirring means 2, 2 '.
It is preferable that the filling is performed so as to be about 100 mm higher than the position of.

Next, the outside of the fermenter 1 is heated by a heating means for circulating heated air without putting in garbage and the like, and 39
Set to ４０40 ° C. and stir the flooring at 5 rpm for 4
Operate for 8 hours to ripen the flooring.

Next, after confirming the amount of the floor material and the temperature of the floor material (39 ° C. or higher), about 10% by weight of the cracking catalyst was added to the floor material (dispersed in water and injected), and The water content is adjusted to about 40%, and 20 kg of mixed garbage of about 1: 1 of animal garbage represented by fish and vegetable garbage represented by vegetables is added thereto. Mix garbage and flooring evenly. The mixing is performed while changing the rotation direction of the stirring means in the forward and reverse directions for about 5 minutes.

Next, the stirring means 2, 2 'was turned on at 5 rpm.
The rotation at the time of operation is such that the two are reversed to each other. In about 5 hours, it can be converted to the annihilation floor material of the present invention.

Next, the amount of floor material is checked again, the moisture content of the floor material is adjusted to about 40%, and then 100 kg of the garbage is additionally charged, and the operation is performed in such a manner that the garbage is turned forward and backward to mix uniformly. After 5 minutes, the extinguishing process is performed under normal operating conditions.

The processed material 6 in the fermenter 1 moves during the annihilation process with the surface layer undulating, and as shown in the schematic diagram of FIG.
It circulates and rotates in the direction of the arrow shown by the broken line in the fermenter 1.

The garbage can be eliminated by the above method in about 1 hour at the earliest, typically about 3 hours, and garbage debris is hardly recognized in the processed material. Absent.

Next, it is checked whether or not the garbage has been eliminated, and as preparation for the next garbage elimination processing, the operation is continued and dried until the water content of the processed material 6 becomes 30% or less. Usually, the water content can be reduced to 30% or less in about 1 to 2 hours.

When the operation is stopped, the above-mentioned water content is desirably set to about 20% or less. Since the flooring material disappears little by little, it is desirable to replenish it as appropriate. Although it depends on the type and content of the processed material, the floor material can be used 100 times or more in the raw garbage discharged from general municipal garbage and the like.

As described above, the garbage was annihilated, but the garbage was caught by the drip plate 7 during the elimination process.
In the effluent collected by the effluent and escaping to the outside, substances that pose a problem for environmental pollution are hardly detected.
No harmful substances such as dioxin were generated.
This is obtained by cutting the deciduous Takagi of Beech family, which is the main component of the flooring material used in the present invention, for about 1 to 2 years after cutting, processing it into sawdust, or a mixture of the sawdust and chips processed into chips. However, it is presumed that it has an effect of decomposing harmful substances such as dioxin.

Further, the processed material 6 after the above-mentioned disappearance processing 50 times
Showed almost no garbage debris and the like, and it was confirmed that the destructible garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention had an excellent elimination treatment effect. It was confirmed that solids such as bones and shells in the garbage completely disappeared, though there were some differences in the processing time depending on the size.

It was also confirmed that the treated material 6 (floor material) after the above-mentioned 50 extinction treatments could be effectively used as an organic fertilizer.

Example 2 The sludge-like organic waste was treated using the garbage disposal apparatus used in Example 1. However, the difference from the processing apparatus used in Example 1 is that the stirring means 2 having the stirring blades 4 provided with the projections 12 (diameter 10 mmφ × length 20 mm) as shown in FIG.
2 '.

In the same manner as in Example 1, a floor material mainly composed of sawdust mixed with an organic ceramic catalyst was used in the processing apparatus. In addition, in order to turn the treated material 6 into sludge, an organic waste obtained by mixing various garbage generated from a kitchen at home with sewage sludge was used.

Even in the case of the floor material containing the above-mentioned sludge-like organic waste, the treated material 6 adhered to the inner wall of the fermenter 1 is well scraped off by the stirring blade having the projections 12, so that the elimination process is efficiently performed. I was able to.

Comparative Example FIG. 7 is a schematic view of a conventional refuse treatment apparatus having a ribbon-shaped stirring means. This device is
A column 15 is provided on the rotating shaft 3 and has ribbons 16 and 17 made of a stainless steel plate provided so as to connect the respective ends of the column 15.

Using this conventional refuse treatment apparatus, garbage having the same composition as in Example 1 was eliminated. But,
Compared with Example 1, the effect of the annihilation treatment was hardly obtained. This is presumably because when the ribbons 16 and 17 rotate in the fermenter 1, the processed material 6 is lifted by the ribbons 16 and 17, and conversely, the processed material is solidified.

Further, when the droplet collecting plate 7 of the present invention was attached to the above, the effect of the extinction treatment was not so much improved.

[0052]

According to the present invention, the use of the garbage disposal apparatus according to the present invention can significantly reduce the generation of substances harmful to the environment, so that the apparatus is compact and the operating cost can be reduced.

The floor material after the extinction treatment can be effectively used as an organic fertilizer.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic cross-sectional view showing an example of a disintegrating garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a flow state of a processed product caused by stirring of the garbage disposal apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows the angle of attachment α of the stirring blade of the stirring means of the present invention.
FIG.

FIG. 4 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the garbage disposal device of the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a drip collecting plate of the extinction-type garbage processing apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic perspective view showing an example of a projection of a stirring blade of the garbage disposal device of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic explanatory view of a ribbon-like stirring means of a conventional refuse treatment apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Fermentation tank, 2, 2 '... Stirring means, 3 ... Rotating shaft, 4 ... Stirring blade, 5 ... Rotating surface, 6 ... Treated material (garbage + flooring material), 7
... Drip collecting plate, 8 ... Drip collecting means, 9 ... Inlet, 10 ... Lid, 11
... L-shaped section plate made of stainless steel, 12 ... Projection, 13 ... Cover plate, 14 ... Rotation drive device, 15 ... Prop, 16,17
…ribbon.

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. An extinguishing garbage processing apparatus provided with a stirring means for stirring and mixing garbage and a floor material in a fermenter, wherein the fermenter has a pair of rotatable juxtaposed stirring means; A means for collecting water generated by fermentation of garbage at the upper part of the means, wherein the stirring means has a plurality of stirring blades, and is arranged on a rotation axis of the stirring means at a predetermined angle with respect to its rotating surface. Attached, the drip plate has a lid shape with a cross section formed in an M-shape or an inverted V-shape, collects the generated moisture captured by the drip plate, and discharges it to the outside of the fermenter. Disposable garbage disposal characterized by comprising discharging means, wherein the fermenter is formed so that the inside thereof can be substantially sealed, and comprises heating means for heating to a predetermined temperature. apparatus. 2. A garbage disposal method in which garbage and a flooring material are decomposed while being stirred and mixed in a fermenter, wherein the garbage and a flooring material mainly composed of sawdust containing a decomposition catalyst are contained in a volume of 1%. / 1 to 1/3, and the mixture is adjusted to have a water content of 60 to 75% by weight, and the mixture is stirred by a stirring means while heating to 39 to 42 ° C in a fermenter. Wherein the garbage is subjected to a elimination process. 3. The main component of the flooring material is a sawdust of a beech family, which has been left for about 1 to 2 years after cutting, and processed into sawdust, or a mixture of sawdust and chips processed into sawdust. The garbage disposal method according to claim 2, wherein