JP2001149025A - Feed composition for fowl - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a new feed composition which is used for fowls and can reduce drip loss. SOLUTION: This feed composition for fowls, comprising selenium, vitamin E and the all grains or pulverization product of wheat, wherein the content of the wheat flour is >=10 wt.%. The composition can remarkably reduce drip loss in comparison with a case which contains selenium and vitamin E as active ingredients.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a poultry feed, and more particularly, to a poultry feed capable of reducing drip loss and further improving the survival rate, fattening state, yield, taste, and the like. Compositions, poultry breeding methods, and poultry meat.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, when breeding poultry for meat such as chickens, the effect of reducing drip loss and improving flavor in the resulting chicken meat can be obtained by adding vitamin E and the like. Are known. Similarly, it is known that similar effects can be obtained by adding selenium (Se) or a selenium compound.

[0003]

However, the present inventors have recognized that a sufficient drip loss reduction effect has not yet been obtained even by the addition of these vitamin E and selenium compounds. Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a novel poultry feed composition that can further reduce drip loss, and further provide a poultry meat production method and edible poultry meat based thereon. With that purpose.

[0004]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have determined that vitamin E and selenium, which are active ingredients for drip loss control, and those active ingredients and a main carbohydrate source in feed. Examination of the combination of, especially, by selecting and combining whole wheat or its crushed material, dripping loss is remarkably reduced, and, in addition, in addition to the conventional or not more than conventional The present invention has been found that an excellent effect can be obtained. That is, in the first invention, there is provided a poultry feed composition containing selenium, vitamin E, and a wheat component consisting of whole wheat or a crushed product thereof and having a wheat component content of 10 wt% or more. provide. According to this composition, the drip loss is significantly reduced as compared with the case where selenium and vitamin E are added as active ingredients. In addition, the effects of improving the survival rate of poultry, improving fattening performance, improving yield of meat, improving flavor (reducing odor), and improving oleic acid content can be obtained.

In the above composition, selenium contains 0.3%
It is preferable that the content is not less than 20 ppm and not more than 20 ppm,
Further, it is preferable that vitamin E is contained in an amount of 50 ppm or more and 3000 ppm or less. In the composition, the wheat component is preferably 30% by weight or more.

[0006] In the second invention, a poultry feed composition containing selenium, vitamin E, whole wheat or crushed wheat and having a wheat component content of 30 wt% or more is used. And a method for producing poultry meat for raising poultry. According to this production method, edible poultry meat having dripped loss remarkably reduced as compared with a case where selenium and vitamin E are added as active ingredients is obtained. In addition, according to this production method, an improvement in the survival rate of poultry, an improvement in fattening performance, an improvement in the yield of meat, and an improvement in flavor (reduction of odor) and an increase in oleic acid content are also obtained. Edible poultry meat is obtained.

In a third aspect, there is provided edible poultry meat having a drip loss of 3% or less during refrigerated storage and an oleic acid content in an adipose tissue of not less than 3.0 times the linoleic acid content. . According to this edible poultry meat, edible poultry meat with suppressed oxidation and good shelf life is provided.
In this edible poultry meat, the oleic acid ratio in the fatty acid composition of the adipose tissue is preferably 45.0% or more.

[0008]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail. Poultry feed composition of the present invention (hereinafter, referred to as
It is referred to as the present composition. ) Contains, in particular, selenium and vitamin E.
wt% or more.

The selenium in the present composition may be contained in any form, but may be selenium alone, a selenium compound,
It is preferably contained as an organic component such as selenium alone and / or a yeast containing a selenium compound. Specifically, it is preferably contained in the form of sodium selenate, sodium selenite, or selenium yeast. As selenium yeast, those containing 1000 ppm or more of selenium can be exemplified. The selenium content is preferably 0.3 ppm or more as selenium. 0.
When the content is 3 ppm or more, drip loss can be effectively reduced by effectively mixing vitamin E with whole wheat grains or their crushed products. More preferably,
0.5 ppm or more, more preferably 1 ppm
That is all. The upper limit of the selenium content is preferably 20 ppm or less in relation to toxicity in poultry. More preferably, it is 10 ppm or less.
In particular, in the present composition, selenium is preferably 0.3 ppm or more and 20 ppm or less, more preferably 0.5 ppm or more and 10 ppm or less. More preferably, it is 0.5 ppm or more and 1.5 ppm or less.

[0010] Vitamin E is contained without any particular limitation on its form. That is, α-, β-, γ
-, Δ-tocopherol, or α-, β-, γ
-Or δ-tocotrienol. Further, it may be natural or synthetic, and may be of any optical isomerism. Preferably, it is α-tocopherol. Further, esters of α-tocopherol such as acetic acid and nicotinic acid are preferred. Further, the content of vitamin E is preferably at least 50 ppm. It is more preferably at least 100 ppm, still more preferably 20 ppm
0 ppm or more, and most preferably 400 ppm or more. The upper limit of the content of vitamin E is 300
It is preferably at most 0 ppm. More preferably,
2000 ppm or less, more preferably 1000 ppm
ppm or less. In particular, in the present composition, 100 ppm
It is preferably at least 2,000 ppm and more preferably at least 100 ppm and no more than 1100 ppm. Further, the content is preferably 200 ppm or more and 1000 ppm or less. The content of vitamin E is defined as 1 international unit; 1 IU of the dl form of α-tocopherol acetate.

In the preferred selenium content and vitamin content described above, it is particularly preferable that the ratio of the selenium content to the vitamin E content be in the following range. That is, in the present composition, it is preferable that vitamin E is contained in the range of 5 to 15,000 parts by weight of vitamin E based on 1 part by weight of selenium. More preferably, the content of vitamin E is 50 parts by weight or more and 5000 parts by weight or less based on 1 part by weight of selenium. Most preferably, the content of vitamin E is 200 parts by weight or more and 2000 parts by weight or less based on 1 part by weight of selenium. Furthermore, 1 part by weight of selenium and vitamin E
It is 300 parts by weight or more and 700 parts by weight or less, and particularly, vitamin E is preferably about 500 parts by weight. The most preferable compounding ratio is that the selenium content is 0.5 ppm or more and 1.5 or more.
ppm or less and / or 100% vitamin E
It is a preferable compounding ratio in the case of not less than 1 ppm and not more than 1100 ppm.

The present composition contains whole wheat grains or a crushed product thereof (hereinafter simply referred to as a wheat component). The wheat component is preferably made from whole wheat grains, and is preferably contained as whole wheat grains or as a crushed product thereof. The content of the wheat component is 5 wt.
% Or more, and more preferably 10% by weight or more. More preferably, it is 20 wt% or more, more preferably 30 wt% or more, and most preferably 40 wt% or more. In addition, the upper limit is preferably 70 wt% or less, more preferably 60 wt% or less, from the balance with other components. In addition, in the present composition, in particular, the wheat component is not less than 10 wt%
It is preferable to contain 0 wt% or less.

The present composition contains, in addition to the wheat component, a component generally contained as a poultry feed composition. In particular, as plant-derived components (carbohydrate and / or protein sources), besides wheat components, corn, milo,
It is preferable to include soybean meal. More preferably, in addition to these, corn gluten feed, corn germ meal, and gluten meal are preferably included. In this case, these plant-derived components account for 80 wt% of the entire feed.
It is preferable that the compounding is performed so as to be not less than 90 wt% and more preferably not less than 85 wt% and not more than 88 wt%. More preferably, the content is 87 wt% or more and 88 wt% or less. It is preferable that the blending ratio of the wheat component in these plant-derived components is 10 wt% or more and 80 wt% or less. Within this range, a favorable nutritional balance in the plant-derived component can be obtained.

Further, the content of the wheat component is 100,000 parts by weight or more and 2,000,000 parts by weight with respect to 1 part by weight of selenium.
It is preferred that the composition be contained in the composition in an amount of not more than 000 parts by weight. More preferably, the composition is contained in the composition in an amount of 50,000 to 2,000,000 parts by weight based on 1 part by weight of selenium and 1,000 parts by weight of vitamin E.

The composition may further contain other animal-derived components, inorganic salts, and other various additives. As the animal-derived component, it is preferable to use fish meal, meat bone meal, animal fat and oil, and the like. The total amount of the animal-derived components is preferably 12 wt% or less. Within this range, a favorable nutritional balance can be obtained in view of the ratio with the above-mentioned plant-derived component, which is effective in the present composition. In addition, other common feed additives can be used in the composition.

The various materials constituting the composition of the present invention are blended and mixed according to a general feed preparation method. Since the content of the selenium raw material and / or the vitamin E raw material is small, it is preferable to add the premix containing these raw materials at a constant concentration to other composition raw materials to produce the present composition. The mixing ratio of selenium and vitamin E
It is preferable to prepare a premix prepared in the range of selenium: vitamin E = 1: 100 to 10,000, and use this. 1 part by weight of selenium, wheat component 10
It is also preferable to prepare a feed additive previously prepared in a range of from 000 parts by weight to 2,000,000 parts by weight, and to use the same. Further, 100,000 parts by weight of wheat component with respect to 1,000 parts by weight of vitamin E More than 10,000
It is also preferable to prepare a feed additive prepared in advance in a range of not more than 000 parts by weight, and to use the same. Further, based on 1 part by weight of selenium and 1000 parts by weight of vitamin E,
100,000 parts by weight or more of wheat component and 2,000,000
It is also preferable to prepare a feed additive prepared in advance in a range of not more than part by weight and use it. Also, the wheat component
10w% or more and 80w with respect to raw materials derived from various plant components
It may be added using a preparation prepared so as to be at most t%.

In this way, the composition is prepared so as to have a predetermined composition and mixed to obtain the present composition. The composition is supplied to poultry as a feed according to a normal poultry breeding method. The composition comprises at least 30 pre-kills.
It is preferred to feed poultry for days. Particularly preferably, it is given for 50 days before killing. Thereby, poultry meat having the characteristics of the present composition can be obtained. In addition, the amount of feed is determined according to the growth, but approximately 2
0-170 g / day.

It has been confirmed that the following effects can be obtained when poultry is bred using this composition. These results are based on the results of rearing a statistically sufficient population of broilers (100 males, 100 females) using the present composition. (Drip loss) In poultry bred using this composition, the amount of drip is significantly reduced. Specifically, a selenium and vitamin E-free group (hereinafter, simply referred to as a non-added group), a selenium and vitamin E-added group (hereinafter, simply referred to as a selenium and vitamin E-added group).
Abbreviated simply as “addition group”. ) Had drip losses of about 5% and 4%, respectively, and the drip loss was 2.2% to 3% in the present composition-added group (hereinafter, simply referred to as the present added group). This drip loss is made of selenium and vitamin E
This corresponds to a drip loss amount of 55% to 75% with respect to the addition group, which is a remarkable decrease. Note that this remarkable effect was also observed in the wheat component alone added group (hereinafter abbreviated as wheat component added group). That is, a synergistic effect of selenium, vitamin E and wheat components was confirmed.

(Survival rate) When poultry is bred using the composition, the survival rate during the general breeding period is 103 to 1 when the survival rate of the non-added group is 100.
04%. Each of the addition group and the wheat component addition group was 101%. That is, a synergistic effect of selenium, vitamin E and wheat components was confirmed.

(Fat growth results)
The average shipping body weight after the end of rearing for a predetermined period was 110 to 117% when the non-added group was taken as 100. On the other hand, it was 104% in the addition group and the wheat component addition group. That is, a synergistic effect of selenium, vitamin E and wheat components was confirmed.

(Fat Meat Yield) The poultry meat yield of poultry obtained by rearing using the present composition was 10
It is 103 to 105, which is 0, and a remarkable improvement was observed. In addition, in the addition group and the wheat component addition group, both were 100. That is, a synergistic effect of selenium, vitamin E and wheat components was confirmed. In addition, in this specification, a yield is the ratio (%) of the meat weight to the living weight.

(Flavor) Sensory tests on meat obtained from poultry bred using the composition of the present invention were performed using the meat of the non-addition group as a control. In the addition group, a significant difference in taste and smell was detected. However, the taste and odor were improved in this group. Also, in the wheat component added group, the taste and odor were improved. However, the group of this addition was more improved than the group of addition of wheat components. That is, a synergistic effect of selenium, vitamin E and wheat components was confirmed.

(Oleic acid content in adipose tissue) The adipose tissue of poultry meat obtained by breeding using the present composition was collected and its constituent fatty acid composition was confirmed. The ratio of the non-added group and the added group was 2.5 in both cases, whereas the ratio was 3 to 3.3 in the present added group and 3.1 in the wheat added group. Was. In this addition group, in particular, a synergistic effect of selenium, vitamin E and wheat components was observed. Also, the increase in these ratios was caused by a decrease in linoleic acid and an increase in oleic acid.

The present composition can be used also for poultry for egg collection and poultry used for poultry, but is preferably used for poultry bred mainly for meat. It is preferably used for various chickens, and particularly preferably applied to broilers. Further, the present composition can be used for production of edible poultry meat, but is preferably used for broilers. In addition, in particular, a method for producing edible poultry meat that can reduce drip loss, a method for producing edible poultry with improved fattening performance, a method for producing edible poultry with good fattening performance, and a method for producing edible poultry with improved meat yield. Production method,
It is preferably used for a method for producing edible poultry meat having an improved flavor and a method for producing edible poultry meat having a high oleic acid ratio. These are also preferably broiler production methods.

In poultry meat bred using this composition, the drip loss during refrigerated storage is 3% or less, and the oleic acid content relative to the linoleic acid content in adipose tissue is 3.0%. Edible poultry meat, which is twice or more, can be obtained efficiently. In particular, it is preferred that the broiler meat has these characteristics.

[0026]

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, broiler breeding experiments using the present composition and evaluation results of the obtained meat will be specifically described.

In this example, the compositions of Examples 1 to 6 (corresponding to sections 4 to 9 in each table and each figure) based on the formulations shown in Table 1 were prepared as feed compositions. These were used. At the same time, each composition based on the composition of the control example and comparative examples 1 and 2 in Table 1 was used as a control example and comparative examples 1 and 2 (corresponding to sections 1 to 3 in each table and each figure, respectively). Were prepared and used. The amount of selenium added was 10 μg for each of Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1 to 3, and 100 μg for each of Examples 4 to 6.
g, but the final concentration of selenium contained in the feed of each case was as shown in Table 1. The amount of vitamin E added was 10 m in Comparative Example 1 and Examples 1-3.
gg and 100 mg in Examples 4 to 6, but finally vitamin E contained in the feed of each example.
The concentrations were as shown in Table 1. The added selenium raw material is selenium yeast (1000 ppm selenium).
Contained). Vitamin E includes acetic acid dl
A -α-tocopherol-containing preparation (dl-α-tocopherol acetate 0.5 mg / mg, dl-α-tocopherol acetate 1 mg = 1 IU) was used.

[Table 1]

The breeding target is one male for each feed composition.
00 and 100 females were allocated. The breeding is carried out continuously from day 0 to day 55 of the present composition every day.
They were fed 20-170 g / day, killed at 55 days of age and processed into meat. The following evaluation items were evaluated, and the following results were obtained.

(Survival rate during rearing period)
6, each group of control example, comparative examples 1 and 2 (100 male and female each)
The survival rate (%) for the feather is shown in Table 2 and FIG.

[Table 2] From these results, the feed addition groups of Examples 1 to 6 were significantly improved over the control feed addition group. That is, in each group of the examples, 97% or more,
A survival rate of 98% or more was obtained.

(Shipping weight) Each group (100 male and female)
Was measured for body weight at the age of 55 days, and the results shown in Table 3 and FIG. 2 were obtained. From these results, in the feed addition groups of Examples 1 to 6, a significant improvement was observed with respect to the control example and the comparative example. In addition, increase of the wheat component (10 wt% to 30 wt%) and selenium and vitamin E
A significant improvement was observed with increasing dose. In particular, in Examples 1 to 3, the improvement was 110 to 113% compared to the control administration group, whereas in Examples 4 to 6, the improvement was around 116%. That is, in Examples 1 to 3, 110%
The above-mentioned increase in fattening performance was obtained, and in Examples 4 to 6, 11
An increase in fattening performance of 5% or more was obtained.

[Table 3]

(Full meat yield) Each group (25 male and female)
The meat (thigh and breast) weight after meat processing for the feathers was measured, and the meat yield (%) was calculated from the ratio of the meat weight to the live weight immediately before processing, and the results are shown in Table 4 and FIG. The results shown were obtained. From these results, Example 1
In the feed groups Nos. To 6, a significant and remarkable yield improvement effect was observed. It was also clear that the increase in selenium and vitamin E further increased the yield improving effect. That is, in each group of the examples, a positive meat yield of 34.5% or more could be obtained. In particular, in each group of Examples 4 to 6, a meat yield of 35% or more could be obtained.

[Table 4]

(Drip loss in meat) For each processed meat (50 thighs and 50 breasts) of each group, the amount of drip leaked after storage in a refrigerator (about 5 ° C.) for 6 days immediately after processing is measured. The measurement was performed, and the ratio of the drip amount to the sample weight before storage was defined as drip loss (%), and the average value of each group was calculated. The results are shown in Table 5 and FIG. From these results, in each of the groups of Examples 1 to 6, the drip loss amount was 3% or less, and significantly improved results were obtained. Further, in each group of Examples 4 to 6, 2.5%
The following drip loss amounts were obtained. That is, the effect of increasing the amount of selenium and vitamin E was also observed.

[Table 5]

(Flavor of Meat) Meat (thigh) obtained from each group of Example 1, Control Example, Comparative Examples 1 and 2
60 skilled panelists (35 men, 25 women, 2
(Age 3 to 45). In the sensory test, the thigh meat was cut into pieces of about 3 cm square with skin, and 2 liters of water was boiled in a pot of 18 cm in diameter, and about 1
After putting in the cut meat of 00g, put the lid on and continue heating until the color of the meat changes, finish the heating and smell the steam when the lid is taken off, collect the meat and sample it It was done by doing. Regarding odors, a five-point scale of strong, moderately strong, ordinary, slightly less, and less (-
(2, -1, 0, +1, +2 points), and the taste is bad, slightly bad, normal, slightly good, good (5 points, respectively, -2, -1, 0, +1, +2 points) And the total points were totaled and averaged for each group. Table 6 shows the results. From these results, in the group of Example 1, improvement in chicken odor and improvement in taste were surely observed. Also, a significant effect was obtained in the group of Comparative Example 2.

[Table 6]

(Rinoleic acid and oleic acid ratio in fatty acid composition of adipose tissue of meat) The ratio of linoleic acid and oleic acid in fatty acid composition in adipose tissue of meat (thigh meat) obtained from each group was obtained. . Fatty acid composition is obtained by heating and dissolving adipose tissue of thigh meat, extracting with a mixed solution of chloroform: methanol (2: 1), removing impurities, methylating to release fatty acids, and washing the free fatty acid fraction with ether. The fractions were obtained by subjecting them to gas chromatography and detecting various fatty acids.
Further, the respective ratios of linoleic acid and oleic acid in the fatty acid composition were determined. The results are shown in Table 7 and FIGS.
Shown in From these results, in each of the groups of Examples 1 to 6 and the group of Control Example 2, a decrease in the linoleic acid ratio was observed, and an improvement in the oleic acid ratio was observed. The ratio was 3.0 times or more, and particularly in Examples 4 to 6, it was 3.2 times or more.

[Table 7]

[0035]

According to the present invention, it is possible to obtain edible poultry meat in which dripping loss is significantly reduced.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the survival rate in Examples.

FIG. 2 is a graph showing a shipping weight in the example.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing a meat yield in meat of Example.

FIG. 4 is a graph showing a drip loss in meat of an example.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the ratio of linoleic acid in adipose tissue of meat in Example.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing the ratio of oleic acid in the adipose tissue of meat in Example.

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A poultry feed composition comprising selenium, vitamin E, and a wheat component consisting of whole wheat and / or a crushed product thereof, wherein the content of the wheat component is 10% by weight or more. 2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein selenium contains 0.3%.
not less than 20 ppm and not more than 20 ppm.
2. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the content is 0 ppm or more and 3000 ppm or less.
A feed composition for poultry according to the above. 3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the wheat component is 30 wt.
The poultry feed composition according to claim 1 or 2 which is contained in an amount of at least wt%. 4. A poultry feed composition containing selenium, vitamin E, and a wheat component comprising whole wheat and / or a crushed product thereof, wherein the content of the wheat component is 10% by weight or more. To raise poultry and produce poultry meat. 5. Edible poultry meat having a drip loss of 3% or less during refrigerated storage and an oleic acid content in an adipose tissue of at least 3.0 times the linoleic acid content. 6. The edible poultry meat according to claim 5, wherein the oleic acid ratio in the fatty acid composition of the adipose tissue is 45.0% or more.