JP2001123359A - Weaving method, reed and its producing method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a means capable of weaving a woven fabric endowed with various desired feelings of visual fluctuation. SOLUTION: A loom as the above means is equipped with a reed 6 having many oriented dents 16 of the reed between an upper horizontal bar 13 and a lower horizontal bar 14. An interval As between the dents of the reed 6 is set being constant, while thicknesses At of the dents of the reed are made to systematically fluctuate by a fractal dimension. Consequently, an interval between warps or the thread count of warps fluctuates systematically by the fractal dimension and a woven fabric exhibiting various desired feelings of fluctuation is woven.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a weaving method, a reed and a method for manufacturing the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art After a warp is passed through each gap between the reeds of a reed, a predetermined part of the warp is locally pulled up, while the remaining warp is locally pulled down to form a warp. Openings (voids) are formed between the warps, the wefts are passed through the openings, the openings are closed, and the warp and the wefts are pressed by a reed while pressing the wefts against the weave. Conventionally, a weaving method for weaving a woven fabric by weaving is used.

[0003] Here, a reed is generally provided with a large number of reeds using a reed-holding thread and a coil between an upper horizontal bar and a lower horizontal bar, which extend in the horizontal direction at predetermined intervals vertically. The structure is such that the wings are arranged at predetermined intervals, and one or more warps are passed through each gap between adjacent reeds (hereinafter referred to as "reed wing gaps"), whereby the spacing between the warps is increased. (Hereinafter referred to as “warp interval”). In the conventional reed, the thickness of the reed (hereinafter referred to as “reed thickness”) and the interval (hereinafter referred to as “reed interval”) are constant values when viewed in the reed arrangement direction. Have been. Therefore, when a certain number of warp yarns are passed through each gap between the reeds, the warp interval or the arrangement density of the warp yarns (hereinafter referred to as "warp density") is generally uniform (when viewed from the above number). And a woven fabric having uniform visual characteristics is woven.

[0004] When a woven fabric having uneven visual characteristics, that is, a woven fabric having unevenness having complex visual characteristics (uneven woven fabric) is required, a gap between the reeds is required. Randomly change the warp interval or warp density by randomly changing the number of warps to pass through, or randomly changing the thickness of the reed holding yarns and coils to change the warp interval or warp density. We are trying to weave. In other words, in the conventional weaving method using such a reed, weaving a woven fabric having uniform visual characteristics with uniform warp intervals or warp densities, or random uneven warp intervals or warp densities and visually unevenness. You can choose whether to weave a woven fabric.

[0005]

However, in actuality, the visual unevenness varies widely (there are many types of unevenness). In the conventional weaving method,
There is a problem that it is not possible to weave a fabric having a desired visual unevenness. That is, the visual unevenness of the fabric is extremely complicated caused based on the complex visual sensation of a human, and a simple method such as setting the warp interval or the warp density at random causes various unevenness. It is impossible to consciously adjust or control unevenness by quantitatively distinguishing the differences in feeling.

In the above-described conventional weaving method using a reed, when the warp interval is changed by using reed holding yarns and coils having different thicknesses, the reed interval is narrow in the reed interval. However, there is a problem that a necessary number of warps cannot be passed.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned conventional problems, and allows a necessary number of warps to pass through a gap between reeds without any trouble. It is an object of the present invention to provide a means capable of weaving a woven fabric having the following.

[0008]

The weaving method according to the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, has a plurality of reed wings, each of which is provided at each gap between adjacent reeds (reed wing gap). A weaving method in which a reed passing through a warp (single or plural) is pressed (punched) against a weaving cloth while interlacing the weft with the warp, thereby weaving the warp and the weft and weaving the fabric. The reed is characterized by using a reed whose thickness (reed thickness) varies systematically according to the fractal dimension when viewed in the direction of the reed arrangement, so as to weave the fabric. . Here, looking at the reed wing arrangement direction,
It is preferable that the interval between the reeds (reed interval) is constant.
In this weaving method, usually, the warp is divided into upper and lower parts according to the fabric structure to form an opening (void), and after the weft is passed through the opening, the opening is closed. The operation in which the weft is pushed (pushed) against the weave while being interlaced with the warp by the reed is repeated.

According to this weaving method, since the reed thickness changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, the warp interval or the warp density also systematically changes according to the fractal dimension.
And various unevenness of fabric (characteristic visual complexity)
Can be quantitatively expressed in a fractal dimension, so that by suitably setting the fractal dimension, it is possible to weave a fabric having various desired visual unevenness. Here, if the reed interval is set to an appropriate value, the necessary number of warps can be passed through the reed gap without any trouble.

In the above weaving method, the reed is
Instead of the reed thickness, a reed interval may systematically change according to the fractal dimension. Here, it is preferable that the thickness of the reed is constant. In this case, since the reed interval varies systematically according to the fractal dimension, the warp interval or the warp density also varies systematically according to the fractal dimension. Therefore, similarly to the case where the reed thickness changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, it is possible to weave a fabric having various desired visual unevenness. If the minimum value of the interval between the reeds is set to an appropriate value, the required number of warps can be passed through the reed interval without any trouble.

In addition, the reed having a constant reed thickness and reed interval is used, and the number of warp yarns which systematically changes according to the fractal dimension is passed through each reed interval. Is also good. Also in this case, since the warp interval or the warp density changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, as in the case where the reed thickness or the reed spacing changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, various desired visual unevenness can be obtained. Can be woven. In addition, if the reed interval (constant value) is set to an appropriate value, the necessary number of warps can be passed through the reed gap without trouble.

Further, a reed having a constant reed thickness and reed interval is used as the reed, and a part of each reed interval is changed so that the warp interval changes systematically according to the fractal dimension. The warp may not be passed through the reed dent gap (an empty reed dent gap that does not pass the warp is provided). Also in this case, since the warp interval or the warp density changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, as in the case where the reed thickness or the reed spacing changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, various desired visual unevenness can be obtained. Can be woven.
In addition, if the reed interval (constant value) is set to an appropriate value, the necessary number of warps can be passed through the reed gap without trouble.

In each of the above-described weaving methods, the reed thickness, the reed interval, the number of warps passing through each reed interval, or the reed interval not passing the warp, for systematically changing the interval between the warps according to the fractal dimension, For example, the fractal dimension of the warp interval may be obtained by measuring the warp interval of an existing sample fabric having a visually uneven feeling, and may be set based on the fractal dimension. In this case, the existing sample fabric having a sense of unevenness can be easily duplicated.

The reed according to the present invention has a plurality of reed wings,
The reed is designed to interweave the warp and the weft by passing the warp through the gap between the reeds and pressing the weft against the weave while interlacing the weft with the warp. Is characterized by a systematic change. Here, it is preferable that the reed interval is constant.

According to this reed, since the reed thickness changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, the warp interval or the warp density also systematically changes according to the fractal dimension. Therefore, by preferably setting the fractal dimension,
Fabrics with various desired visual unevenness can be woven. Also, if the interval between the reeds is made constant with an appropriate value, the required number of warps can be passed through the reed interval without any trouble.

In the above reed, not the reed thickness but the reed interval may be systematically changed according to the fractal dimension. Here, the reed thickness is preferably constant. In this case, since the reed interval varies systematically according to the fractal dimension, the warp interval or the warp density also varies systematically according to the fractal dimension. Therefore, similarly to the case where the reed thickness changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, it is possible to weave a fabric having various desired visual unevenness.
If the minimum value of the interval between the reeds is set to an appropriate value, the required number of warps can be passed through the reed interval without any trouble.

For each reed, for example, the warp interval of an existing sample fabric having visual unevenness is measured to determine the fractal dimension of the warp interval, and based on the fractal dimension, the reed wing thickness or each reed dent. Can be manufactured by setting the intervals of. According to this method of manufacturing a reed, a reed for duplicating an existing sample fabric having a visual unevenness can be easily manufactured.

[0018]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be specifically described below. FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a schematic configuration of a loom for weaving a woven fabric using the reed and the weaving method according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the loom 1, the beam warp third plurality drawn from (not shown) (number) is fed forward (X ₁ direction) by the delivery device 2 (feeding motion). These warp yarns 3 are, in order, the first heald 4
And (running), the second heald 5, after traveling forward generally while through the reed 6 (lead) (X ₁ direction) is caused to intersect with weft 8 by shuttle 7. Then, the weft 8 is pressed (punched) against the cloth fell 9 by the reed 6, whereby the warp 3 and the weft 8 are woven into a woven fabric 10, and the woven fabric 10 is taken up by the take-up device 11 (take-up). motion).

Here, the first heald 4 and the second heald 5
Performs an opening motion at a predetermined timing. That is, at a predetermined timing, the first heald 4 is moved from the neutral position upward (Z ₁ direction), the second heald 5 is moved from the neutral position to the lower (Z ₂ direction). Thereby, many warp yarns 3
Some of them (for example, half of the warp picked up every other yarn) are locally pulled up, the rest of the warp 3 (every other warp) is locally pulled down, and the warp 3 is divided into upper and lower two layers. Can be Thus, an opening (hereinafter, referred to as a “warp opening”) is formed between the upper layer side warp 3 and the lower layer side warp 3.

The shuttle 7 slightly from the reed 6 is disposed on the front side (X ₁ side) performs weft insertion movement of the weft 8. That is, the shuttle 7 in which the weft 8 is set has a direction (Y ₁ -Y ₂₎ substantially perpendicular to the warp elongation direction so as to pass through the warp opening when the warp opening is formed.
Direction). Thereby, the weft 8 is inserted into the warp opening, and the weft 8 is crossed with the warp 3 in a form corresponding to the structure of the fabric to be woven. That is, the upper-layer warp 3 is located above the weft 8 and the lower-layer warp 3
Is located below the weft 8. Instead of the shuttle 7, weft insertion of the weft 8 may be performed using a rapier, air jet, water, gripper, or the like.

The reed 6 performs weft beating motion to reciprocate in the longitudinal direction (X ₁ -X ₂ direction). That is, the reed 6 closes the warp 3 when it moves forward after the weft 8 crosses with the warp 3 and pushes the weft 8 against the cloth fell 9 at a predetermined pitch (strike).
Put on. By repeating such an operation, the warp 3
And a weft 8 are woven together to complete a woven fabric 10. The woven fabric 10 is wound up by a winding device 11, and the warp yarn 3 is sent out from the sending device 2 accordingly.

Here, the warp interval or warp density, that is, the horizontal direction (Y ₁ -Y ₂ direction) interval (for each predetermined number) of the warps 3 is preferably set by the reed 6. That is, as will be described later, a predetermined number of warp yarns 3 is passed through each reed gap section 18 (see FIG. 2) of the reed 6, whereby the predetermined number of warp yarns 3 are regularly arranged. Thus, the warp interval (for each number) or the warp density is determined. Here, if the warp interval or the warp density is uniform (if the reed wing thicknesses are all the same as described later), the fabric 10 becomes a normal fabric without visual unevenness. However, if the warp intervals or warp densities are not uniform (if the reed thickness changes as will be described later), the woven fabric 10 has a visually uneven woven fabric corresponding to the warp interval or warp density characteristics. Becomes

As shown in FIG. 2, the reed 6 is composed of upper horizontal bars 1 extending substantially in the horizontal direction (Y ₁ -Y ₂ direction).
3 and the lower horizontal bar 14 and the vertical direction (Z ₁ -Z ₂ direction)
A plurality (a large number) of reed wings 16 are arranged in a horizontal direction (Y ₁ -Y ₂ direction) at predetermined intervals in a frame formed by two vertical bars 15 (only one is shown) extending in a vertical direction. It has a structure. In addition, each reed feather 16 is respectively a two horizontal bar 13,
14 is positioned or fixed by a reed dent holding thread having a constant wire diameter wound around the coil 14 and a coil 17. Then, as seen in the horizontal direction (the direction of the arrangement of the reed dents), a single or plural (two in the example shown in FIG. 2) warp 3 is passed between adjacent ones of the reeds 16. 1
8 (voids or holes) are formed.

Here, all the reed intervals As are set to the same value. On the other hand, the reed thickness At changes systematically according to the fractal dimension. As described above, since the reed feather thickness At changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, the warp interval or the warp density also systematically changes according to the fractal dimension. Since various unevenness (characteristic visual complexity) of the fabric 10 can be quantitatively expressed by the fractal dimension, various desired visual sensations can be obtained by preferably setting the fractal dimension. The uneven fabric 10 can be woven. In addition, the reed feather interval As
Is set to an appropriate value so that the required number of warps 3 can be passed through the reed gap 18 without any trouble.

Specifically, as shown in FIG. 3, for example, the warp interval or the warp density changes in the horizontal direction (Y ₁ -Y ₂ direction) according to the fractal dimension, and the visual unevenness according to the set fractal dimension. A woven fabric 10 exhibiting a feeling is obtained.
In the example shown in FIG. 3, each warp 3
Although is in communication, since in the area indicated by R ₁ OsawaAtsu At relatively small, warp interval (every two warps) is (higher warp density) is relatively short. Since in the region indicated by R ₃ has a relatively large OsawaAtsu At, warp interval is relatively long (warp density is low). Further, since OsawaAtsu in the region indicated by R ₂ At becomes an intermediate value between both regions R _1, R _3, warp interval or warp density and intermediate value of the two regions R _1, R ₃ Has become.

By the way, in the reed 6 shown in FIGS. 2 and 3,
By keeping the reed interval As constant and systematically changing the reed thickness At according to the fractal dimension, the warp interval or the warp density is systematically varied according to the fractal dimension. However, instead of this, the reed interval As may be systematically changed according to the fractal dimension while the reed thickness At is kept constant, so that the warp interval or the warp density may be systematically changed according to the fractal dimension. .

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, for example, the reed interval As is systematically changed in the lateral direction (Y ₁ -Y ₂ direction) according to the fractal dimension, and the warp interval or the warp density is changed according to the fractal dimension. The woven fabric 10 may be changed so as to exhibit a sense of visual unevenness according to the set fractal dimension. In the example shown in FIG. 4, two warp yarns 3 are passed through each reed gap portion 18, but in the region indicated by R ₁ ′, the reed interval As is relatively narrow, so that the warp interval becomes relatively short. (High warp density). In the region indicated by R ₃ ′, since the reed interval As is relatively wide, the warp interval is relatively long (the warp density is low). Also, R
'Lamellae spacing As is both regions R ₁ is a region indicated by' _2, R ₃ '
, The warp interval or the warp density is also an intermediate value between the two regions R ₁ ′ and R ₃ ′.
The distribution of warp intervals or warp densities is almost the same between the example shown in FIG. 3 and the example shown in FIG.

Further, after using the reed 6 having a constant reed thickness At and a reed interval As, the number of the warp yarns 3 systematically changing according to the fractal dimension in each reed interval section 18.
By passing through, the warp interval or the warp density may be changed according to the fractal dimension, and the woven fabric 10 exhibiting a visual unevenness according to the set fractal dimension may be obtained.

Further, after using the reed 6 having a constant reed thickness Th and reed interval As, the reed interval between the reed dents 18 is changed so that the warp interval or the warp density changes systematically according to the fractal dimension. A warp yarn may not be passed through some of the reed gap portions 18 so that the fabric 10 having a visual unevenness according to the set fractal dimension may be obtained.

Also in each of these three modifications, the warp interval or the warp density changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, so that various desired values can be obtained similarly to the case where the reed thickness At changes systematically according to the fractal dimension. The fabric 10 having the visual unevenness can be woven. In each of the modified examples, the reed interval As is
It is set to an appropriate value so that the necessary number of warps 3 can be passed through without any trouble.

As described above, the reed thickness At of the reed 6 is determined using the fractal dimension in order to weave the woven fabric 10 having a visual characteristic and exhibiting a complicated unevenness due to the warp 3. The fractal dimension will be described. In other words, according to fractal theory, self-similarity (strictly speaking, statistical self-similarity) is applied to shapes and phenomena that were conventionally considered complex and random and have no periodicity such as repeating units. By doing so, the complexity of such a shape or phenomenon can be quantified and reproduced in a fractal dimension.

Specifically, first, a fractal dimension D (real number) indicating the degree of complexity of a shape or a phenomenon is defined as 1 <
Determined within the range of D <2. As the fractal dimension D, a fractal dimension obtained by measuring the yarn interval of a sample fabric (a sample fabric) in which the interval between the warp yarns 3 or the weft yarns 8 is characteristically changed in a complicated manner may be used. Further, the fractal dimension D may be theoretically or empirically determined so as to obtain a desired complexity while considering that the larger the numerical value, the greater the complexity.

Then, based on the fractal dimension D determined as described above, a fractal variation is created by calculation.
By linearly converting and applying the variation array of the reed thickness of the reed 6 to the fractal variation, a systematic array based on the fractal dimension D of the reed thickness can be created. The warp interval of the woven fabric 10 woven using the reed 6 having the reed feather thickness set as described above is visually distinctive and has a complicated unevenness. Further, by changing the fractal dimension D, it is possible to weave the woven fabric 10 having various visual characteristics and exhibiting a complicated unevenness.

Hereinafter, a method of weaving the woven fabric 10 having visual characteristics and exhibiting a complicated unevenness due to the warp interval will be described more specifically. First, the fractal dimension D of the sample fabric
The method of measuring is described. A fractal is a generic term for figures, structures, phenomena, etc. that do not have a characteristic length (meaning the length, size, or weight associated with a geometric shape, such as a radius or height). It is. Further, a figure having no characteristic length has self-similarity. It should be noted that self-similarity means that when a part of a figure under consideration is enlarged or reduced, the whole (or
(The larger part). The fractal dimension D indicates the degree of such self-similarity and is used as a measure of the complexity of a shape or phenomenon. (For example, see the book “Fractal (Hideki Takayasu)” published by Asakura Shoten on April 25, 1986).

(A) Measurement of Yarn Spacing and Calculation of Fractal Dimension In order to represent the variation (change) in the yarn spacing or gap distance of the warp or weft of the sample fabric in the fractal dimension, the position of the warp or weft of the sample fabric is determined. Measure and calculate the fractal dimension using a computer. Specifically, for example, the following method is used. (A-1) A method of reading a sample fabric with a scanner or a digital camera, decomposing the sample fabric into warps or wefts only by image processing, and measuring a yarn interval or a gap distance. (A-2) A method in which a sample fabric is scanned with a laser beam in a direction perpendicular to the yarn interval to be read, and the light receiving element receives transmitted light on the opposite side, thereby measuring the yarn interval or the gap distance. .

(B) Method of calculating fractal dimension A method for calculating the fractal dimension of the yarn interval or the distance of the gap from the obtained measurement data includes, for example, the following method (for example, April 1986) Month 25
A book published by Asakura Shoten on the day "Fractal (Hideki Takayasu), a book published on October 25, 1987 by Asakura Shoten" Fractal Science (Hideki Takayasu) ").

(B-1) Method Based on Coarse-Graining Degree A line graph is drawn with respect to the obtained measurement data, taking the value of the measurement data on the vertical axis and the number of the measurement data on the horizontal axis. This line graph has a complicated shape with irregularities. The plane including the line graph is decomposed into a square with one side r by a lattice with an interval r. Then, the number of squares including the original data is set to N (r). Thus,
When the value of r is variously changed, D satisfying the following equation 1
Is the fractal dimension. N (r) ∝ r ^-D …………………………………… Formula 1

(B-2) Method of Determining from Correlation Function For the line graph created in the above item (B-1), the integral of the two-body correlation function represented by the following equation 2 (which will be corrected later) C (r) is given by the following equation 3 with respect to r:
When there is a dependency as shown by the following, let the index v be a fractal dimension. C (r) = 1 / N ² ΣH (r− {Xi−Xj}) Formula 2 C (r) to r ^V ……………………………. ... Equation 3 In Equation 2, H is a Heaviside function, and z ≧
If 0, H (z) = 1, and if z <0, H (z)
(Z) = 0. {Xi-Xj} is the distance between the vector Xi and the vector Xj.

(B-3) Method for Obtaining from Spectra The spectrum analysis is performed on the line graph created in the item (B-1) to check the fractal dimension. The fact that a certain variation is fractal means that changing the cutoff frequency does not change the shape of the spectrum. This is synonymous with the fact that the shape of the spectrum is invariant to the transformation f → λf that changes the scale of observation.
Spectrum with such properties (power spectrum)
S (f) is limited to a power type represented by the following Expression 4. S (f) ∝f ^{− β} …………………………………………………………… Formula 4 The fractal dimension D at this time is given by the following formula 5. B = 5-2D (1 <D <2)... ...... Equation 5

(C) Creation of Reed Thickness Variation Using Fractal Dimension The fractal dimension D of the sample fabric is obtained by each of the above methods, or a desired fractal dimension D (real number: 0 <D)
Set <2). Using this fractal dimension D, a graph of systematic variation in reed thickness is created, and using this graph, reed thickness array data is generated as follows (for example, August 1990) "Fractal Image, Theory and Programming" published by Springer Verlag Tokyo on March 20
D. See Saupe, edited by Masaya Yamaguchi).

The basic mathematical concept in this data generation method is as follows. That is, the fractional Brownian motion V _H (t) is one of the variables t
_{H of} V _H (t) defined by the following equation (6)
The change ΔV with respect to t (= t ₂ −t ₁ ) is defined by a scaling rule expressed by the following equation (7). ΔV = V _H (t ₂ ) −V _H (t ₁ ) ·················· Equation 6 ΔV∝ △ t ^H ··························· Expression 7 Thus, the fractal dimension D is given by Expression 8 below. D = 2-H... ............................................................ Equation 8

Based on such a mathematical idea, a computer calculates a variation curve of the fractal dimension D by programming a calculation algorithm of a category described below. Thereby, the variation of the reed thickness by the fractal dimension D can be generated according to one of the following algorithms. FIG. 5 shows a specific example of the variation pattern of the reed thickness when the fractal dimension D is 1.9.

(C-1) First Algorithm This is a method in which an approximate value of fractal fluctuation of a certain accuracy is used as input data, and the accuracy of the approximation is increased by a certain magnification every time according to a predetermined algorithm. The process of using the output as an input is repeated until the desired accuracy is obtained.
Such a procedure is sometimes formulated as an autoregressive process. The “middle point displacement method”, “sequential random addition method”, and “interpolation point displacement method” are typical examples of the first algorithm.

(C-2) Second Algorithm This is a method for creating fractal fluctuation from the viewpoint of spectrum. This algorithm utilizes the fact that the shape of the spectrum is the same even when the frequency range to be observed is changed.
"Fourier filtering" is a typical example of this second algorithm.

(C-3) Third Algorithm This is a method of creating a fractal variation by iterative calculation. The “random cut method”, “random midpoint displacement method” and “independent jump”
Is a typical example of the algorithm.

In this manner, various variation curves can be obtained based on the fractal dimension D. Then, for these variation curves, the maximum value and the minimum value obtained for various fractal dimensions D are set. The type of reed thickness to be used is set, and its upper and lower limits are made to match the maximum and minimum values of the fractal fluctuation. Based on the upper and lower limits, the numerical value of the fractal variation is linearly converted into the actual reed thickness, thereby obtaining an array in which the variation of the reed thickness corresponds to the systematic variation of the fractal dimension D. .

(D) Production of Reed As described above, the reed is a member that moves by passing several warp yarns and holding down the weft yarns, thereby determining the interval between the warp yarns. In this reed, in order to set a predetermined reed interval, a linear reed holding thread and a coil having a fixed wire diameter are wound in a coil shape around two horizontal bars. Then, the reed is sandwiched between the reed holding yarn and the coil to form a reed. Here, the thickness (reed thickness) of each reed is
It is set corresponding to the variation by the fractal dimension D, thereby forming an array of reed thicknesses that varies (varies) by the fractal dimension D.

[0048]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. A fractal dimension D for varying the reed thickness was set to 1.9, and variation data was created using an algorithm based on the “sequential random addition method”. Here, the number of variation data may be set according to the number of reeds, or may be set to a multiple (repetition) such as 500 or 1000. In this embodiment, 1000 variation data is created. did. In this embodiment, the range of the variation that appears according to the fractal dimension D is set to a range from -1 to +1.

The data output by this algorithm is a continuous array, and appropriate real values can be obtained. This data needs to be converted into a variation in reed thickness. Therefore, it is necessary to first set (limit) the range of the reed thickness to be used. In this embodiment, the following 17 types of reed feather thicknesses were set (selected) as follows (unit: mm). (1) 0.14 (2) 0.16 (3) 0.18 (4) 0.20 (5) 0.22 (6) 0.24 (7) 0.26 (8) 0.28 (9) 0.30 (10) 0.33 (11) 0.35 (12) 0.37 (13) ) 0.41 (14) 0.43 (15) 0.45 (16) 0.50 (17) 0.60

It is necessary to linearly correspond (adapt) these reed thicknesses to the values of the fractal fluctuation. Then, the maximum value and the minimum value of the fractal fluctuation were set, and these values corresponded (adapted) to the upper limit value (0.60 mm) and the lower limit value (0.14 mm) of the reed thickness, respectively. Regarding the fluctuation between them, the reed thickness calculated by the primary conversion was compared with the actual reed thickness, and a reed thickness having a close value was adopted.

Specifically, in this embodiment, the maximum value of the fractal fluctuation is set to +1 and the minimum value of the fractal fluctuation is set to -1. Then, based on these values, the primary conversion represented by the following equation 9 was used for the conversion to the reed thickness. y = ax + b ......................................................... Equation 9 y: Reed blade thickness x: Fractal fluctuation value a, b: Coefficient In this embodiment, a = 0.23 and b = 0.
37. From the maximum and minimum values for equation 9, the coefficient a
And b were derived, and the value x of the fractal variation was substituted into Equation 9 to calculate the reed thickness y. Then, the reed thickness closest to this value was selected.

In this way, a reed thickness variation corresponding to a fractal variation as shown in FIG. 5, for example, was obtained. It should be noted that a variation having another fractal dimension D can be converted into a reed thickness variation using Expression 9 (conversion formula). Based on the reed thickness variation thus obtained, reeds of a specified thickness were arranged to complete a reed. The standard of this reed is as follows. (1) Reed full length: 1292 mm (2) Number of reeds: 1474 (3) Reed spacing: 0.638 mm (4) Void ratio: 62% The porosity was calculated by the following equation (10). Space ratio (%) = (total reed length / total reed thickness) / reed length * 1O0 ... Equation 10

After the reed was mounted on a loom, three warps passing through a heald were passed through the gaps between the reeds.
Here, a large number of warps are divided into upper and lower portions by a heald in accordance with the design form of the designated woven fabric to form a warp opening, and after passing the weft through the warp opening, the warp is closed.
The operation of pushing the weft yarn to a predetermined weft density by the reed was repeated.

Thus, a woven fabric in which the warp interval changes (fluctuates) in accordance with the reed thickness as shown in FIG. 6 was obtained. In the positional relationship in FIG. 6, the warp extends in the left-right direction. Then, the woven fabric was wound up, and the warp was sent out accordingly. The characteristic data of the woven fabric thus woven is shown below. (1) Structure: plain weave (2) No .: 20th (warp) × 20th (weft) (3) Average density: 88 / (2.54 cm) (warp) × 5
0 / (2.54cm) (weft)

As described above, according to the reed or weaving method according to the present invention, the warp interval or the warp density changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, and various desired unevenness (characteristic visual complexity) is exhibited. Can be woven.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a loom using a reed and a weaving method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a front view of a part of a reed.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing warp intervals or warp densities when the reed thickness is changed according to a fractal dimension.

FIG. 4 is a view showing warp intervals or warp densities when the reed interval is changed according to a fractal dimension.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing an example of a reed feather thickness variation pattern.

FIG. 6 is a view showing a fiber shape of a woven fabric woven by the weaving method according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

At: Reed thickness, As: Reed spacing, 1 ... Loom, 2 ... Sending device, 3 ... Warp, 4 ... First heald, 5 ... Second heald, 6 ...
Reed, 7: Shuttle, 8: Weft, 9: Weaving, 10: Fabric, 11: Winding device, 13: Upper horizontal bar, 14: Lower horizontal bar, 15: Vertical bar, 16: Reed feather, 17 ... Reed feather holding thread and coil, 18 ... Reed feather gap.

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[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] November 17, 1999 (1999.11.
17)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Drawing

[Correction target item name] Fig. 6

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

FIG. 6 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ───

[Procedure amendment]

[Submission date] June 2, 2000 (2006.2)

[Procedure amendment 1]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] Claims

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[Claims]

[Procedure amendment 2]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0008

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

[0008]

The weaving method according to the present invention, which has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, has a plurality of reed wings, each of which is provided at each gap between adjacent reeds (reed wing gap). A weaving method in which a reed passing through a warp (single or plural) is pressed (punched) against a weaving cloth while interlacing the weft with the warp, thereby weaving the warp and the weft and weaving the fabric. As the reed, a reed in which the thickness (reed thickness) of each reed when viewed in the reed arrangement direction is systematically changed according to a fractal dimension set to a desired real number greater than 0 and less than 2 is used. It is characterized by weaving a woven fabric. Here, it is preferable that the interval between the respective reeds (reed interval) is constant when viewed in the reed arrangement direction. In this weaving method, usually, the warp yarn is divided into upper and lower parts according to the fabric structure to form openings (voids),
After the weft is passed through the opening, the opening is closed, and the operation in which the weft is pushed (punched) against the weaving cloth while being crossed with the warp by the reed is repeated.

[Procedure amendment 3]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0010

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

In the above weaving method, the reed is
Instead of the reed thickness, a refraction interval that changes systematically according to a fractal dimension set to a desired real number greater than 0 and less than 2 may be used. Here, it is preferable that the thickness of the reed is constant. In this case, since the reed interval varies systematically according to the fractal dimension, the warp interval or the warp density also varies systematically according to the fractal dimension.
Therefore, similarly to the case where the reed thickness changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, it is possible to weave a fabric having various desired visual unevenness. If the minimum value of the interval between the reeds is set to an appropriate value, the required number of warps can be passed through the reed interval without any trouble.

[Procedure amendment 4]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0011

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

In addition, the reed having a constant reed thickness and reed interval is used, and a fractal dimension set to a desired real number greater than 0 and less than 2 at each reed interval. The number of warps that systematically changes according to the number of warps may be passed. Also in this case, since the warp interval or the warp density changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, as in the case where the reed thickness or the reed spacing changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, various desired visual unevenness can be obtained. Can be woven. In addition, if the reed interval (constant value) is set to an appropriate value, the necessary number of warps can be passed through the reed gap without trouble.

[Procedure amendment 5]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0012

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

Further, as the reed, a reed having a constant reed thickness and reed interval is used, and a warp interval is systematically determined by a fractal dimension set to a desired real number larger than 0 and smaller than 2. In order to change the warp, the warp may not be passed through some of the dent gaps in each dent gap (an empty reed gap that does not pass the warp is provided). Also in this case, since the warp interval or the warp density changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, as in the case where the reed thickness or the reed spacing changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, various desired visual unevenness can be obtained. Can be woven.
In addition, if the reed interval (constant value) is set to an appropriate value, the necessary number of warps can be passed through the reed gap without trouble.

[Procedure amendment 6]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0014

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

The reed according to the present invention has a plurality of reed wings,
A reed in which a warp is passed through each reed gap and pressed against a weave while interlacing the weft with the warp, so that the warp and the weft are interwoven. The fractal dimension is systematically changed by a fractal dimension set to a desired real number larger than 2 and smaller than 2. Here, it is preferable that the reed interval is constant.

[Procedure amendment 7]

[Document name to be amended] Statement

[Correction target item name] 0016

[Correction method] Change

[Correction contents]

In the above reed, not the reed thickness but the interval between the reeds may be systematically changed according to a fractal dimension set to a desired real number larger than 0 and smaller than 2. Here, the reed thickness is preferably constant. In this case, since the reed interval varies systematically according to the fractal dimension, the warp interval or the warp density also varies systematically according to the fractal dimension. Therefore, similarly to the case where the reed thickness changes systematically according to the fractal dimension, it is possible to weave a fabric having various desired visual unevenness.
If the minimum value of the interval between the reeds is set to an appropriate value, the required number of warps can be passed through the reed interval without any trouble.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Naoki Hirotsune 1005 Hojo, Hojo City, Ehime Prefecture Kurashiki Spinning Co., Ltd. Inside the Hojo Plant (72) Inventor Yoshinori Fujio 2-4-13-1 Kutaro-cho, Chuo-ku, Osaka-shi, Osaka Kurashiki Spinning Co., Ltd. Osaka head office F-term (reference) 4L048 AB01 BA01 BA02 CA15 4L050 AA01 AA11 AB06 CC17

Claims (12)

[Claims] 1. A warp having a plurality of reeds and passing through a warp in each gap between adjacent reeds, and pressing the weft against the weaving cloth while intersecting the warp with the warp. And a weaving method in which the fabric is woven by weaving the reeds, wherein, as the reed, using a reed in which the thickness of each reed is systematically varied according to a fractal dimension when viewed in the reed arrangement direction,
A weaving method, wherein the woven fabric is woven. 2. The weaving method according to claim 1, wherein an interval between the reeds is constant when viewed in the reed arrangement direction. 3. The warp and the weft by pressing a weft with a reed having a plurality of reeds and passing a warp through each gap between adjacent reeds while intersecting the warp with the warp. And a weaving method in which the fabric is woven by weaving the reeds, wherein, as the reed, a reed in which the interval between the reeds is systematically changed according to a fractal dimension when viewed in the reed arrangement direction,
A weaving method, wherein the woven fabric is woven. 4. The weaving method according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of each of the reeds is constant when viewed in the reed arrangement direction. 5. A warp which has a plurality of reeds and passes through a warp in each gap between adjacent reeds, and presses the weft against the weaving cloth while intersecting the warp with the warp, thereby forming the warp and the weft. And a weaving method for weaving a woven fabric by weaving the reeds, wherein the reeds have a constant thickness and spacing between the reeds when viewed in the reed arranging direction. A weaving method characterized by passing a number of warps, which systematically changes according to the fractal dimension. 6. A warp that has a plurality of reeds and passes through a warp in each gap between adjacent reeds, and presses the weft against the weaving cloth while intersecting the warp with the warp. And a weaving method for weaving a woven fabric by weaving the reeds, wherein the reeds have a constant thickness and spacing between the reeds as viewed in the reed arrangement direction, and A weaving method characterized in that a warp is not passed through some of the gaps so that the spacing in the wing arrangement direction changes systematically according to the fractal dimension. 7. A fractal dimension of each warp of the woven fabric is measured to determine a fractal dimension of the warp, and the thickness of each reed, the distance between the reeds, the number of warps passing through each gap, or The weaving method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a gap portion through which a warp does not pass is set. 8. A warp and a weft having a plurality of reeds, each of which passes a warp through each gap between adjacent reeds and presses the weft against a weave while crossing the warp. Characterized in that the thickness of each reed is systematically varied according to the fractal dimension when viewed in the reed arrangement direction. 9. The reed according to claim 8, wherein the interval between the reeds is constant as viewed in the reed arrangement direction. 10. A warp and a weft having a plurality of reeds, each of which passes through a gap between adjacent reeds, and is pressed against a weave while interlacing the weft with the warp. Characterized in that the spacing between the respective reeds varies systematically according to the fractal dimension when viewed in the reed arrangement direction. 11. The reed according to claim 10, wherein the thickness of each reed is constant when viewed in the reed arrangement direction. 12. A fractal dimension of each warp of the woven fabric is measured to determine a fractal dimension of the interval, and the thickness of each reed or the interval of each reed is set according to the fractal dimension.
A reed manufacturing method according to any one of the preceding claims, wherein the reed is manufactured.