JP2001105274A - Machine tool - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent the dispersion of the chips in right, left and rear of a column when working a work without hindering the high-speed movement of the column. SOLUTION: A telescopic cover 14 for covering a top surface, a front surface and a rear surface of an X-axis guide rail is provided in right and left of a carriage 5. The upper part of the telescopic cover 14 is provided with curtains 17 for respectively partitioning a right and a left space of the column into a front and a rear parts. The telescopic cover 14 and the curtain 17 are extended and shrunken with the movement of the carriage 5 in right and left so as to prevent the dispersion of the chips generated when working a work. Since the telescopic cover 14 and the curtain 17 are separately formed, enlargement of size is unnecessary, and the telescopic cover 14 and the curtain 17 can be quickly extended and shrunken.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a machine tool provided with covers provided on both left and right sides of a column and which expands and contracts as the column moves in the left and right directions.

[0002]

In a machine tool, for example, a machining center, when a workpiece is machined, a tool mounted on a machining head is moved in two axial directions, left and right, up and down, or three axial directions in left and right, up and down, and front and rear. It is configured to be able to move to. That is, for example, in the case of a configuration capable of moving in the two-axis direction, the processing head moves in the vertical direction (Y-axis direction) on the front surface of a column provided movably in the left-right direction (X-axis direction) on the base. The configuration is supported as possible. In this case, the column is moved along a guide rail provided on the base so as to extend in the left-right direction.

[0003] In the above-mentioned machine tool, chips generated from the workpiece during processing are scattered around. for that reason,
Each part is provided with a cover for preventing the chips from entering and accumulating. One of them is a cover provided to cover the upper surface of the guide rail on both the left and right sides of the column. The cover is of a telescope type including a plurality of unit covers, and is configured to expand and contract with the movement of the column.

However, in the above-mentioned cover, it is possible to prevent chips from accumulating on the upper portion of the guide rail, but it is not possible to prevent chips from scattering behind the column, and the chips accumulate in that portion. I will. Therefore, a troublesome operation of removing the swarf accumulated at an appropriate time was required.

On the other hand, Japanese Patent Application No. Hei 3-2908 discloses a machine tool which prevents chips from scattering behind a column.
No. 8 publication. In this machine tool,
A vertical portion that rises vertically along the column is provided on the upper surface of each unit cover that forms the cover. The space on both left and right sides of the column is divided into front and rear by the vertical portion, so that chips are prevented from scattering behind the column.

However, in the above conventional configuration,
Since each cover member becomes heavy and large, the cover cannot be expanded and contracted at high speed. Therefore, the column cannot be moved at high speed in the left-right direction,
There was a problem that the working efficiency when processing the work was reduced.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to prevent high-speed movement of a column.
An object of the present invention is to provide a machine tool capable of preventing chips generated when processing a work from scattering to the left, right, and rear of a column.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above object, a machine tool according to a first aspect of the present invention is provided with a guide rail extending left and right on a base, and a processing head configured to extend upward. And a column that is moved in the left-right direction along the guide rail, and is provided on both left and right sides of the column so as to cover the upper surface of the guide rail, and expands and contracts with the left-right movement of the column. A curtain that partitions the space on the left and right sides of the column into front and rear, respectively, and expands and contracts in the left and right direction with the movement of the column to prevent the swarf from scattering behind. In addition to the provision, the upper surface of the cover has a feature in which a rising portion is provided so that a wall surface faces forward, and a rising portion on which a lower edge portion of the curtain wraps is provided on the front side.

[0009] According to the above configuration, it is possible to prevent chips from accumulating on the upper portion of the guide rail by the cover, and to prevent chips from being scattered backward by a curtain formed separately from the cover. That is, since the cover and the curtain are separately configured while preventing the chips from being scattered above the guide rail and the rear of the column, the weight of the cover and the curtain can be reduced. The cover and the curtain can be respectively expanded and contracted at a high speed. Moreover, since a rising portion is provided on the upper surface of the cover, and the rising portion and the lower edge of the curtain are overlapped with each other, even if chips enter between the curtain and the cover, the rising portion is not affected. Chips can be reliably prevented from scattering to the rear of the column.

It is also preferable that a carriage is provided which is guided by the guide rail and is moved in the left-right direction, and the column is provided on the carriage so as to be movable in the front-rear direction. According to the above configuration, the column can be moved in two directions, that is, the left-right direction and the front-back direction.

However, if chips accumulate on the upper surface of the cover, there is a risk that the expansion and contraction of the cover may be hindered. Therefore, it is a good configuration to provide an inclined surface on the upper surface of the cover, which is inclined downward from the rising portion toward the front of the cover (the invention of claim 3). According to the above configuration, since the chips scattered on the upper surface of the cover fall to the lower portion in front of the cover by its own weight, the chips accumulate on the upper surface of the cover, which hinders the expansion and contraction operation of the cover. It can be prevented from happening.

It is preferable that the curtain has one end in the left-right direction wound around a take-up shaft, and is configured to be capable of being wound up and out in accordance with the movement of the column in the left-right direction. According to the above configuration, the curtain,
Since it can always be in a state of being stretched to the left and right sides of the column, there is no problem that the curtain is loosened and chips are accumulated in the slack.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. First, FIG. 2 is a partially sectional front view of a machine tool (machining center) 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the machine tool 1 is disposed in a processing chamber 4 configured to be surrounded by a splash cover 3 on a base 2. In this case, the splash cover 3 is in the shape of a rectangular box as a whole, and an entrance panel for taking in and out a work, an operation panel having a display device, a keyboard, and the like are provided on a front portion thereof.

The machine tool 1 is provided on a base 2 with a carriage 5 movably in the left-right direction (X-axis direction), and on the upper surface of the carriage 5 movably in the front-rear direction (Y-axis direction). And a processing head 7 (shown only in FIG. 1) provided on a front surface of the column 6 so as to be movable in a vertical direction (Z-axis direction).

On the base 2, X extending in the left-right direction
An axis guide rail 8 is provided, and the carriage 5
Is configured to be moved along the X-axis guide rail 8. At this time, of both ends of the X-axis guide rail 8, the left end extends to the vicinity of the splash cover 3, while the right end is slightly separated from the splash cover 3.

On the upper surface of the carriage 5, a Y-axis guide rail 9 extending in the front-rear direction is formed.
The column 6 is configured to be moved along the Y-axis guide rail 9. Further, although not shown, a Z-axis guide rail is provided on the front surface of the column 6, and the machining head 7 extends along the Z-axis guide rail.
Is configured to be moved. The carriage 5, the column 6, and the processing head 7 are configured to be controlled by a drive mechanism including a ball screw mechanism and a motor (not shown).

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, a portion of the upper surface of the carriage 5 which is located forward of the column 6 includes
A Y-axis cover 10 that covers the Y-axis guide rail 9 is provided. The Y-axis cover 10 is configured by mounting a number of bars in parallel on the upper surface of a rubber sheet material, for example. One end of the Y-axis cover 10 is connected to the column 6
And the other end thereof is configured to hang down from the front surface of the carriage 5. Accordingly, the Y-axis cover 10 moves as the column 6 moves in the front-rear direction.

A column cover 11 for covering the left and right side surfaces and the upper surface of the column 6 is fixed to the upper part of the left and right side surfaces of the carriage 5. Further, a head cover 12 is fixed to an upper portion of a front portion of the column cover 11. Further, a Z-axis cover 13 that covers the Z-axis guide rail is provided on a portion of the front surface of the column 6 below the processing head 7. The Z-axis cover 13 is, for example, a sheet material made of cloth, and has an upper end fixed to a lower end of the processing head 7 and a lower end wound around a winding shaft (not shown). Although a detailed description is omitted, the Z-axis cover 13 is configured to be able to be wound and unwound with the movement of the processing head 7. Although not shown, a table on which a work is placed is provided on the base 2 in front of the carriage 5.

On the left and right sides of the carriage 5,
A telescope-type X-axis cover 14 (hereinafter, referred to as a telescopic cover) is provided so as to cover the upper surface and the front and rear surfaces of the X-axis guide rail 8. The telescopic cover 14 includes, for example, four unit covers 14a to 14d each having a nested structure.
Specifically, as shown in FIG.
14d has a box shape with an open lower surface, and the unit cover 14d on the distal end side is attached to the unit cover 14c.
The unit cover 14b is configured to be stored in the unit cover 14b, and the unit cover 14b is configured to be stored in the unit cover 14a on the base end side (the carriage 5 side).

The base unit cover 14a is connected to the left and right side surfaces of the carriage 5, respectively. Further, as shown in FIG.
4 d are respectively fixed to the base 2. With the above configuration, the telescopic cover 14 performs an operation such that the unit covers 14a to 14d expand and contract in accordance with the left and right movement of the carriage 5 by sliding in the left and right directions. I have. Each of the unit covers 14a to 14d is configured so as not to be detached when extended via a not-shown locking means.

Further, a rising portion 15 is formed in the rear half of the upper surface of the unit covers 14a to 14d. The front wall portion 15a of the rising portion 15 has a flat shape substantially perpendicular to the X-axis guide rail 8,
The upper surface of the rising portion 15 has an inclined surface shape that is inclined downward toward the rear. Furthermore, a unit cover 1 is provided on the front half of the upper surfaces of the unit covers 14a to 14d from the lower end of the front wall portion 15a of the rising portion 15.
An inclined surface 16 is formed which is inclined downward toward the front surfaces of 4a to 14d.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 1, a cloth, for example, an aramid cloth curtain 17 is provided above the telescopic cover 14 so as to partition the space on the left and right sides of the column 6 into front and rear, respectively. Have been. The curtain 1
Numeral 7 extends between a support column 18 for attaching a curtain 17 and a winding shaft 19 (shown only in FIG. 4) arranged on the left and right portions of the carriage 5. At this time, the lower edge of the curtain 17 is configured to wrap around the front wall portion 15a of the rising portion 15 of the telescopic cover 14 (each unit cover 14a to 14d).

As shown in FIG. 4, the column 18 has a hollow prism shape, and one end of the curtain 17 is screwed to the rear surface thereof, for example. On the other hand, the winding shaft 19
Are pivotally supported in a hollow prismatic case 20. An idle shaft 21 is supported in the case 20, and the other end of the curtain 17 is wound around the winding shaft 19 via the idle shaft 21. At this time, the winding shaft 19 is configured to be constantly urged in the winding direction of the curtain 17 by the action of a spiral spring (not shown).

Then, as shown in FIG.
Is connected to the column cover 11 via a mounting bracket (not shown).
Mounted on The case 20 is fixed to the base 2 on both left and right sides of the unit cover 14d on the distal end side so as to be close to the unit cover 14d. The left case 20 of the left and right cases 20 is fixed to the back surface of the splash cover 3.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. For example, when a work is set on a table by an operator's hand and execution of a machining operation is instructed, the machine tool 1
Executes a machining operation according to a predetermined NC program. Then, the carriage 5, the column 6, and the processing head 7 are moved to predetermined positions to process the work. As a result, chips of the workpiece are generated and scatter around the processing head 7.

At this time, when the carriage 5 is moved in the X-axis direction, the telescopic covers 14 on the right and left sides of the carriage 5 expand and contract following the movement of the carriage 5. That is, for example, when moved to the right, the right telescopic cover 14 contracts as shown in FIG.
The left telescopic cover 14 extends.

Further, as the carriage 5 and the unit cover 14a on the base end move rightward, the left and right columns 18 move rightward. Then, the right curtain 17
The length corresponding to the contraction of the right telescopic cover 14 is wound around the winding shaft 19 by the biasing force of the spiral spring. The length of the left curtain 17 corresponding to the extension of the left telescopic cover 14 is sequentially fed out from the winding shaft 19 against the urging force of the spiral spring.

When the carriage 5 is moved to the left, the right telescopic cover 14 and the curtain 17 extend and the left telescopic cover 14 and the curtain 17 contract, contrary to the above operation.

Accordingly, the chips scattered on the left and right sides of the carriage 5 fall on the upper surface of the telescopic cover 14 as they are, or fall on the upper surface of the telescopic cover 14 after hitting the curtain 17. for that reason,
Chips of the work scatter on the X-axis guide rail 8 and accumulate on the upper surface or the periphery of the guide rail 8, or scatter behind the column 6, so as to be located behind the machine tool 1 and the splash cover 3. Accumulation between the wall and the wall is prevented.

Further, since the portion of the upper surface of the telescopic cover 14 where the chips are deposited is the inclined surface 16, the chips accumulated on the upper surface of the telescopic cover 14 are removed by their own weight. Fall to the front lower part of.

As described above, according to the present embodiment, since the telescopic cover 14 and the curtain 17 are provided on the left and right sides of the column 6, even if chips generated during processing scatter on the left and right sides of the column 6, the X-axis Accumulation on the upper surface of the guide rail 8 or scattering behind the column 6 can be prevented. Moreover, the curtain 17 and the telescopic cover 1
4 and the telescopic cover 14 and the catenes 17 can each be reduced in weight.
Therefore, the telescopic cover 14 and the curtain 17
Can be expanded and contracted at a high speed, and the column 6 can be moved at a high speed.

Further, the curtain 17 is bridged between the support column 18 and the take-up shaft 19, and is wound up or out of the take-up shaft 19 in accordance with the movement of the carriage 5 in the left-right direction. To expand and contract. Therefore, the curtain 17 is attached to the telescopic cover 1.
4 can always be stretched over. That is, it is possible to prevent a problem that the curtain 17 is loosened and chips enter the loosened state.

Further, a rising portion 15 is provided on the upper surface of the telescopic cover 14, and the front wall portion 1 of the rising portion 15 is provided.
The lower edge of the curtain 17 wraps around 5a. Therefore, even if the telescopic cover 14 and the curtain 17 are configured separately, chips that have entered between them may
It can surely be prevented from flying behind the column 6.

Further, in the present embodiment, the portion of the upper surface of the telescopic cover 14 where the chips are deposited is defined as the inclined surface 16, and the chips deposited on the upper surface of the telescopic cover 14 fall by their own weight. The configuration was adopted. Therefore, it is possible to prevent a large amount of chips from being accumulated on the upper surface of the telescopic cover 14 and hindering the operation of the telescopic cover 14.

It should be noted that the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and for example, the following modifications are possible. The present invention can also be applied to a machine tool in which a column can be moved only in the left-right direction (X-axis direction). That is, in this case, instead of the carriage, the column is guided by the X-axis guide rail and moved in the left-right direction.

The curtain may be formed from a thermoplastic sheet, heated and plastically deformed while being wound on a winding shaft, and set in a wound state. Even in such a configuration, the curtain is always biased in a direction in which the curtain is wound around the winding shaft. Further, the curtain may be configured to be a folding type (accordion type).

[0037]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the machine tool of the present invention, a telescope-type cover that expands and contracts in the left-right direction with the movement of the column is provided on both the left and right sides of the column. Since the left and right spaces of the column are divided into front and rear, respectively, and a curtain that expands and contracts in the left and right direction with the movement of the column is provided, the scattering of chips to the upper surface of the guide rail and the back of the column The cover and the curtain can be reduced in weight while the structure that can prevent the cover and the curtain can be expanded and contracted at a high speed. In addition, since the upper surface of the cover rises so that the wall faces forward, and a rising portion on which the lower edge of the curtain wraps is provided on the front side, chips are generated between the curtain and the cover. Even if it invades, there is an excellent effect that the chips can be reliably prevented from scattering to the rear of the column.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a machine tool according to an embodiment of the present invention, in which a left telescopic cover and a part of a curtain are omitted.

FIG. 2 is a front view showing a part of a lower part of a machine tool disposed in a processing chamber in a sectional view;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional side view of a telescopic cover shown together with an X-axis guide rail.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional top view of a curtain, a support, and a winding shaft.

[Explanation of symbols]

In the figure, 1 is a machine tool, 2 is a base, 5 is a carriage, 6
Is a column, 7 is a processing head, 8 is an X-axis guide rail (guide rail), 14 is an X-axis cover (telescope type cover), 15 is a rising portion, 16 is an inclined surface, 16 is a curtain, and 19 is a take-up. Show the axis.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A guide rail extending left and right on a base, a column configured to extend upward, supporting a processing head and moving in the left and right direction along the guide rail, and a column of the column. And a telescope-type cover provided on both left and right sides to cover the upper surface of the guide rail and extending and contracting with movement of the column in the left-right direction, wherein the left and right spaces of the column are respectively defined. Partitioning back and forth, expanding and contracting in the left-right direction with the movement of the column, and providing a curtain for preventing the swarf from scattering behind, rising on the upper surface of the cover so that the wall faces forward, A machine tool provided with a rising portion on the front side of which a lower edge of the curtain wraps. 2. The work according to claim 1, further comprising a carriage guided by the guide rail and moved in the left-right direction, wherein the column is provided on the carriage so as to be movable in the front-rear direction. machine. 3. The machine tool according to claim 1, wherein the upper surface of the cover is provided with an inclined surface that is inclined downward from the rising portion toward a front portion of the cover. . 4. The curtain according to claim 1, wherein one end in the left-right direction is wound around a take-up shaft, and the curtain is configured to be able to be wound up and out in accordance with the movement of the column in the left-right direction. 3. The machine tool according to any one of 3.