JP3746558B2 - Machine tool slide cover device - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention partitions the spindle unit that moves in the three-axis directions of the X axis (left and right), the Y axis (up and down), and the Z axis (front and back) and the workpiece placed on the table, and occurs when machining the workpiece. The present invention relates to a slide cover device for a machine tool that prevents chips, cutting oil, and the like from scattering in the direction of a spindle unit.
[0002]
[Prior art]
As a conventional technique, there has been one described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 07-024684. That is, the gate-shaped fixed frame is fixed upright on the bed located on the front (table) side of the spindle unit that moves in the three axis directions of the X axis (left and right), Y axis (up and down), and Z axis (front and back). The main slide board is locked to the left and right central parts of the fixed frame so as to be movable in the left and right direction, and a Y-axis movable cover in which a plurality of plates are connected in a telescopic manner up and down slides up and down on the main slide board. The X-axis movable cover is formed by forming a telescopic hole of the spindle unit in the plate material at the center of the vertical axis of the Y-axis movable cover and connecting a plurality of plate materials in a telescopic manner on the left and right. Provided between the slide board, the guide shaft is projected and supported forward on the case part of the spindle unit, and the front end of this guide shaft is the plate material (slide board) at the center of the top and bottom of the Y-axis movable cover Engaging locks, there is obtained by Y-axis movable cover through the guide shaft, the X-axis movable cover left and right spindle unit, to actuate to follow the vertical movement to.
[0003]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
In the above conventional one, the Y-axis movable cover and the X-axis movable cover are supported on the bed side via the fixed frame body. Therefore, when replacing the tool, the main shaft is moved backward by a predetermined amount from the Y-axis movable cover. It is necessary to evacuate. That is, the spindle unit needs to be retracted from the Y-axis movable cover by an amount of movement that allows for the space where the tool can be attached and detached, and the Z-axis stroke may need to be increased or the number of tools used may need to be limited.
In addition, a fixed area is divided into a machining area and a tool change area by an ATC (automatic tool changer) by the cover supported by the fixed frame body, and the work space becomes narrow, making maintenance and inspection difficult. In some cases, the Y-axis and X-axis movable covers must be removed for maintenance and inspection, which requires a lot of work and time, leading to a reduction in operating rate. An object of the present invention is to obtain a slide cover device for a new machine tool that eliminates the above-mentioned drawbacks by moving a Y-axis movable cover and an X-axis movable cover back and forth together with a main shaft.
[0004]
[Means for Solving the Problems]
The present invention is configured as follows to achieve the above object. That is, an X-axis moving column that moves in the left-right direction is placed on a Z-axis movable table that moves in the front-rear direction, and the spindle unit that rotates about the Z-axis axis is moved in the vertical (Y-axis) direction. And a Z-axis moving frame having a rectangular shape including a column extending upward and spaced apart in the left-right direction and an X-axis rail extending in the left-right direction and connected to the upper and lower portions of each column. The shaft moving frame is erected and fixed to a Z-axis movable base located on the front side of the X-axis moving column, and a plate-like cover is provided on the upper and lower ends of the guide groove and the guide groove extending vertically in opposition to the left and right. A rectangular X-axis moving frame body that is integrally provided is provided, and the X-axis moving frame body is disposed at the left and right intermediate portion of the Z-axis moving frame body and fixed to the front portion of the X-axis moving column. restricting mechanism and regulates the deflection of the Z-axis direction of the X axis rail moving column side The Y-axis movable cover, which is provided with rollers that restrict the deflection of the X-axis rail in the Y-axis direction and can be extended vertically, connects a plurality of plate-like covers having window holes in the upper and lower intermediate parts in a telescopic manner. And the upper and lower central portions of the Y-axis movable cover are slidably fitted to and engaged with the guide grooves of the X-axis moving frame body through bars that are bent in the shape of grooves. An X-axis movable cover which is connected to the main shaft unit and can be expanded and contracted to the left and right is provided between the support of the Z-axis movement frame and both sides of the X-axis movement frame.
[0005]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view corresponding to II-II in FIG. 1, FIG. 3 is an enlarged sectional view corresponding to III-III in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view corresponding to IV-IV in FIG.
In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a bed. A Z-axis movable table 2 that is moved in the front-rear direction is attached to the bed 1, and an X-axis moving column 3 that is moved in the X-axis (left-right) direction is attached to the Z-axis movable table 2. The spindle unit 4 that is mounted and moved in the Y-axis (vertical) direction is attached to the front (table) side of the X-axis moving column 3. The spindle unit 4 has a spindle 5 that rotates about a Z-axis axis. The Z-axis movable table 2 is moved in the Z-axis (front-rear) direction, the X-axis moving column 3 is moved in the X-axis (left-right) direction, and the main-axis unit 4 is moved in the Y-axis (up-down) direction. The movement is controlled by a servo motor driven by the motor.
[0006]
A rectangular Z-axis moving frame 10 that is elongated in the X-axis (left-right) direction is placed on the front (table) side of the Z-axis movable table 2. That is, a pair of support pillars 11 and 11 are erected and fixed to both ends of the front part of the Z-axis movable stand 2 in the X-axis (left and right) direction, and parallel to the upper and lower parts of the support pillars 11 and 11 in the X-axis direction. A pair of extending X-axis rails 12 and 12 are fixed. An X-axis moving frame 15 that is elongated in the Y-axis direction at the center of the Z-axis moving frame 10 in the X-axis direction is mounted on the X-axis moving column 3 that can move in the X-axis direction. That is, as shown in FIG. 5, a pair of guide bars 15a, 15a bent in a groove shape are opposed to each other in the X-axis direction, and a plate-like upper cover 15b is formed on the upper front side and lower rear side of the guide bars 15a, 15a. The lower cover 15c is integrally fixed to form a vertically elongated window hole 15d between the covers 15b and 15c, and the upper ends of the upper and lower covers 15b and 15c are bent rearward to close the blocking portion 15b-1 and the locking portion. 15c-1 is formed. The closing portion 15b-1 prevents cutting waste and cutting oil from entering the X-axis moving frame 15 from above, and the locking portion 15c-1 restricts the lower limit of the Y-axis movable cover 16 described later. The upper and lower heights (widths) of the covers 15b and 15c are substantially the same.
[0007]
The X-axis moving frame 15 is fixed to the X-axis moving column 3 via a bracket 20 as shown in FIG. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, rollers 21 and restrictors 23 are attached to the upper and lower four locations inside the rear side of the side surface of the X-axis moving frame 15, and the X-axis direction intermediate portion of the X-axis rail 12 is supported by the rollers 21. Thus, the restriction tool 23 prevents the X-axis rail 12 from bending in the Z-axis direction (left-right direction in FIG. 3), and enables the X-axis movable cover 25 described later to slide smoothly. .
[0008]
The Y-axis movable cover 16 is fitted to the X-axis moving frame 15 so as to be slidable in the Y-axis direction. As shown in FIGS. 6 to 8, the Y-axis movable cover 16 includes a first cover 17, a second cover 18, and a third cover 19 that are successively reduced in size to a similar shape with respect to the X-axis moving frame 15. It is telescopically connected to the X-axis moving frame 15 so as to be slidable in the Y-axis direction.
[0009]
That is, the first cover 17 has a pair of groove-shaped guide bars 17a and 17a facing each other in the X-axis direction, and plate-like upper and lower covers 17b and 17b on the upper front side and lower rear side of the guide bars 17a and 17a. 17c is fixed integrally to form a vertically elongated window hole 17d between the upper and lower covers 17b and 17c, and the upper ends of the upper and lower covers 17b and 17c are bent backward to engage the locking portions 17b-1 and 17c-. 1 is formed. In this case, the guide bars 17a and 17a have a length shorter than the guide bar 16 of the X-axis moving frame 15 by the vertical dimension of one of the upper and lower covers 15b and 15c. It is made slightly smaller than the guide bar 16 so as to be slidably fitted thereto. The vertical height (width) dimensions of the upper and lower covers 17b and 17c are both close to the vertical height (width) dimensions of the upper and lower covers 15b and 15c of the X-axis moving frame 15.
[0010]
The second cover 18 has a pair of groove-shaped guide bars 18a, 18a facing each other in the X-axis direction, and a plate-like upper cover 18b and lower cover on the upper front side and lower rear side of the guide bars 18a, 18a. The upper and lower covers 18b and 18c are integrally fixed to form a vertically elongated window hole 18d, and the upper ends of the upper and lower covers 18b and 18c are bent rearward to engage the locking portions 18b-1 and 18c-. 1 is formed. In this case, the guide bars 18a, 18a are shorter than the guide bars 17a of the first cover 17 by the length of one of the upper and lower covers 17b, 17c, and the cross-sectional shape thereof is the guide bar. It is slightly smaller than 17a and is slidably fitted thereto. Also, the vertical height (width) dimensions of the upper and lower covers 18 b and 18 c are both close to the vertical height (width) dimensions of the upper and lower covers 17 b and 17 c of the first cover 17.
[0011]
The third cover 19 is fixed to the main shaft 5. A pair of groove-shaped bars 19a, 19a are opposed to each other in the X-axis direction, and a plate-like shape is formed on the upper front side and the lower rear side of the bars 19a, 19a. The upper cover 19b and the lower cover 19d are fixed together, and a circular window hole 19c through which the main shaft 5 passes is formed in the upper cover 19b. The crosspiece 19a has a dimension close to the space through which the main shaft 5 penetrates and the vertical height (width) of the upper cover 18b of the second cover 18, and the lower cover 19d is the vertical height (width) of the lower cover 18c of the second cover 18. The crosspiece 19a of the third cover 19 has a length close to the sum of the vertical height (width) dimensions of the upper cover 19b and the lower cover 19d. Further, a bottom cover is formed and a locking portion 19b-2 is formed so that cutting waste and cutting oil do not scatter and enter from a space connecting the lower surface of the front cover 19b and the upper surface of the rear cover 19d.
[0012]
If the main shaft 5 of the main shaft unit 4 is fixed to the third cover and passes through the window holes 15d, 17d, 18d, 19c of the Y-axis movable cover 16, and the main shaft 5 moves upward, the main shaft 5 moves to the locking portion 19b-1. When the locking portions 18b-1 and 17b-1 are sequentially locked to lift the first and second covers 17 and 18 upward and the main shaft 5 moves downward, the locking portions 19b-2 are connected to the locking portions. 18c-1 and 17c-1 are sequentially locked to push down the first and second covers 17 and 18 downward.
[0013]
A mounting plate 27 of the X-axis movable cover 25 is fixed to the side surface of the guide bar 15 a of the X-axis moving frame 15 by bolts 28, and the rearmost cover 25 c is fixed to the column 11 of the Z-axis moving frame 10. The intermediate covers 25a, 25b, and 25c are guided by the X-axis rail 12 so as to follow the movement of the X-axis moving frame 15 and can slide smoothly in the X-axis direction.
[0014]
According to the above-described embodiment, the Z-axis moving frame 10 has the support column 11 firmly fixed to the Z-axis movable stand 2 and the middle portion of the X-axis rail 12 elongated in the X-axis direction is the X-axis moving frame. The body 15 is supported by a restrictor 23 and a roller 21 to prevent bending in the Z-axis (front-rear) direction and downward, and the bending rigidity of the X-axis moving frame 15 is enhanced by the left and right guide bars 15a. The X-axis movable cover 25 and the Y-axis movable cover 16 are attached to the Z-axis moving frame body 10 and the X-axis moving frame body 15 fixed to the X-axis moving column 3 via the bracket 20 and having increased strength. Therefore, these follow smoothly without damaging the rapid Z-axis (front-rear) movement of the main shaft 5 during processing. Further, since the X-axis movable cover 15 provided on both sides of the X-axis moving frame 15 can be kept suspended from the X-axis rail 12, the X-axis moving frame 15 can be detached and attached independently. Maintenance of the movable cover 16 is facilitated.
[0015]
Further, the Y-axis movable cover 16 attached to the X-axis moving frame 15 is enhanced in bending rigidity by the guide bars 17a, 18a and 19a which are bent in the shape of a groove on both left and right sides, and the X-axis moving frame 15 is guided. Since the guide bars 17a, 18a, and the bars 19a are fitted to the bars 15a so as to be vertically slidable, the guide bars 17a, 18a, and the bars 19a are movable covers having a large guide ratio with cover surfaces provided on the upper and lower ends of the main shaft 5. The main shaft 5 can smoothly follow the Y axis (up and down) movement without being twisted.
[0016]
Further, when the Z-axis movable base 2 is moved rearward, the Z-axis moving frame body 10 is moved rearward together with the Z-axis movable base 2, and at the same time, the X-axis movable body 15 and the spindle unit 4 through the X-axis moving column 3. Is moved backward, and a large space is generated between the spindle 5 and the table supporting the workpiece. This facilitates the use and replacement of long tools, and facilitates maintenance and inspection of ATC (automatic tool changer) and jigs and tools on the table. 1 and 2, reference numeral 31 denotes a Y-axis screw that is rotated by a Y-axis servo motor 30 to move the spindle unit 4 in the Y-axis direction, and 32 denotes a tool holding arm of an ATC (automatic tool changer).
[0017]
【The invention's effect】
As is apparent from the above description, the present invention is such that the Y-axis movable cover and the X-axis movable cover are moved in the front-rear direction, the X-axis direction, and the Y-axis direction by following the main-axis unit. A large space can be generated between the spindle and the table that supports the workpiece without increasing the amount, making it easy to use and replace long tools, and maintaining and maintaining ATC (automatic tool changer). Inspection becomes easy.
The X-axis moving frame and the Y-axis movable cover are slidably fitted with both ends of the X-axis (left and right) direction bent into a groove shape and the Y-axis movable cover lengthened in the Y-axis (up and down) direction. Since they are engaged and locked, the bending rigidity is increased, the expansion and contraction operation in the Y-axis direction is smooth, and the effect of smoothly following the movement of the spindle unit in the three-axis direction at a high speed is achieved. .
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is a front view showing an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view corresponding to II-II in FIG.
3 is an enlarged cross-sectional view corresponding to III-III in FIG.
4 is an enlarged cross-sectional view corresponding to IV-IV in FIG. 1;
FIG. 5 is a perspective view of an X-axis moving frame body.
FIG. 6 is a perspective view of a first cover of a Y-axis movable cover.
FIG. 7 is a perspective view of a second cover of the Y-axis movable cover.
FIG. 8 is a perspective view of a third cover of the Y-axis movable cover.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Bed 2 Z-axis movable table 3 X-axis moving column 4 Spindle unit 5 Spindle 10 Z-axis moving frame body 11 Column 12 X-axis rail 15 X-axis moving frame body 15a Guide bar 15b Upper cover 15c Lower cover 15d Window hole 16 Y-axis Movable cover 17 First cover 17a Guide bar 17b Upper cover 17c Lower cover 17b-1, 17c-1 Locking portion 17d Window hole 18 Second cover 18a Guide bar 18b Upper cover 18c Lower cover 18b-1, 18c-1 Locked Part 18d Window hole 19 Third cover 19a Crosspiece 19b Cover 19b-1, 19b-2 Locking part 19c Window hole 19d Lower cover 20 Bracket 21 Roller 22 Bolt 23 Restriction tool 25 X-axis movable cover 25a Frontmost cover 25b Middle part Cover 25c Last cover 26 Locking portion 27 Mounting plate 28 Bolt 31 Y-axis screw 32 Tool holding screw Beam

Claims (1)

An X-axis moving column that moves in the left-right direction is placed on the Z-axis movable base that moves in the front-rear direction, and the spindle unit that rotates about the Z-axis axis moves in the vertical (Y-axis) direction on the X-axis moving column Provided is a rectangular Z-axis moving frame body that includes a support column that is spaced apart in the left-right direction and extends upward, and an X-axis rail that extends in the left-right direction and is connected to the upper and lower portions of each support column. The frame body is erected and fixed to a Z-axis movable base located on the front side of the X-axis moving column, and a plate-like cover is integrally formed at the upper and lower ends of the guide groove and the guide groove extending in the vertical direction facing the left and right. A rectangular X-axis moving frame having the X-axis moving frame is disposed at the left and right intermediate portion of the Z-axis moving frame and fixed to the front of the X-axis moving column. restricting mechanism and the X restricts the deflection of the X axis rail on the side of the Z-axis direction Each of the Y-axis movable covers that are provided with rollers for restricting the deflection of the rail in the Y-axis direction and can be expanded and contracted vertically connect a plurality of plate-like covers having window holes in the upper and lower intermediate portions in a telescopic manner, The left and right ends of the Y-axis movable cover are vertically and slidably fitted into and engaged with the guide grooves of the X-axis moving frame body through bars bent into a groove shape. A slide cover device for a machine tool, wherein an X-axis movable cover that is extendable from side to side is provided between the support of the Z-axis movement frame and both sides of the X-axis movement frame.

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