JP2001105264A - Tool fitting device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To optimize the working condition when starting the working in a machine tool using a tool holder. SOLUTION: This machine tool fitting device has a rotary driving shaft 110, keys 120, 125 fitted to the rotary driving shaft 110, and a tool holder 150, to which a tool 130 is fixed and which has key grooves 135, 140 to be engaged with the keys 120, 125 and which is to be fitted to the rotary driving shaft 110. The tool holder 150 is energized by an elastic energizing means 170, 175 so that each clearance between the key grooves 135, 140 and the keys 120, 125 is eliminated in the rotating direction of the rotary driving shaft 110.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a tool mounting device for a machine tool.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to facilitate automatic change of a tool in a machine tool, a tool is held by a tool holder, and the tool holder is changed by an automatic tool changer. The automatic tool changer attaches the tool holder to which the tool is fixed to the rotary drive shaft or fixed shaft of the machine tool,
A key is used as a detent for the tool holder. The key is inserted into a keyway formed in the tool holder and the rotary drive shaft, but there is usually a gap between the key and the keyway to facilitate the fitting. Then, the work is performed by rotating the rotary drive shaft or the work (workpiece).

[0003]

However, the tool is displaced by the cutting load at the time of starting the machining such as the cutting by the gap between the key and the key groove as described above. This is a problem when it is desired to perform a work (cutting) while keeping the blade position of the tool at a fixed position. In addition, when the gap is moved to one side of the key due to a cutting load, the work needs to be additionally rotated. Further, when the cutting load is small, the subsequent cutting process is performed while being shifted from the normal state by an unspecified gap. As a result, there are problems such as an inappropriate cutting angle.

Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve such a conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide a tool mounting device capable of optimizing processing conditions at the start of processing.

[0005]

To achieve the above object, a tool mounting apparatus according to the present invention comprises a rotating or fixed mounting shaft, a key mounted on the mounting shaft, and a tool fixed to the key. A tool holder having a key groove to be engaged, the tool holder being mounted on the mounting shaft, and the key groove and the key being arranged in a rotational direction of the rotating mounting shaft or a direction facing a cutting load acting on the fixed mounting shaft. Urging means for urging the tool holder so as to eliminate the gap.

[0006] With this configuration, the rotation direction (R) of the rotary mounting shaft or the direction (W) facing the cutting load of the fixed shaft.
In the above, the gap between the key and the key groove is eliminated, and the processing conditions at the start of the processing are optimized.

Preferably, the urging means is an elastic urging means for elastically urging the tool holder, and the gap can be eliminated in a self-correcting manner. More preferably, the elastic urging means includes a cylinder having an external thread formed on the outer periphery thereof, a plunger projecting from one end of the cylinder so as to be able to advance and retreat, and not falling off, and housed in the cylinder, and projecting the plunger from the cylinder And a spring that elastically urges in the direction in which it is to be performed. Thus, the urging means can be reduced in size and unitized.

Preferably, the urging means is attached to the key and presses the inner surface of the key groove, or the urging means is attached to the tool holder and presses the key. This can eliminate the gap between the key and the keyway in the direction of rotation of the rotating mounting shaft or in the direction facing the cutting load of the fixed shaft.

Preferably, the key has a substantially rectangular cross section, and the keyway has a corresponding cross section. Or,
The key has a substantially cylindrical cross section, and the key groove has a cross section that can engage with the key groove.

[0010] Preferably, a plurality of key grooves are provided in the circumferential direction of the tool holder, so that machining conditions at the start of machining can be appropriately optimized even with a large rotational torque. Preferably,
Two key grooves are provided in the circumferential direction of the tool holder.

Preferably, the tool mounting device is provided on a machine tool (a lathe, a machining center, etc.).

[0012]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the tool mounting device of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment of a tool mounting apparatus according to the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional front view showing the actual configuration of FIG. The tool mounting device 100 includes a rotary drive shaft 110 and the rotary drive shaft 110.
And the key groove 13 to which the tool 130 is fixed and which is engaged with the key 120, 125.
5 and 140, and a tool holder 150 attached to the rotary drive shaft 110.

The keys 120 and 125 are connected to the rotary drive shaft 110.
Hexagon socket head cap screw 160 which is an axial direction parallel to the axial direction of
The key 12 is fixed to the rotary drive shaft 110 by 165.
The displacement of the rotation drive shafts 0 and 125 is prevented. The keys 120 and 125 are screwed with elastic biasing means 170 and 175 having a biasing force in a substantially circumferential direction of the rotary drive shaft 110.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along the line II-II of FIG. Key 125
Has a through hole 1 that penetrates in a substantially circumferential direction of the rotary drive shaft 110.
80, and the elastic urging means 175
At 0, it is screwed into the key 125. Elastic biasing means 1
75 is a cylinder 177 having an external thread 176 formed on the outer periphery.
From one end of the cylinder 177.
8 are protruding. The other end of the cylinder 177 is formed with a groove 179 that engages with a flathead screwdriver.
75 can be easily screwed into the through hole 180. Plunger 1
78 is a direction opposite to the rotation direction R of the rotary drive shaft 110,
It is elastically urged and is in contact with the inner surface of the key groove 140. This eliminates the gap between the key 125 and the key groove 140 in the rotation direction R of the rotation drive shaft 110. That is, when the rotary drive shaft 110 rotationally drives the tool holder 150 via the key 125, the key 125 comes into close contact with the inner surface of the key groove 140 in this rotation direction, and the processing conditions such as the cutting angle of the blade at the start of processing are set to a predetermined value. It is prevented from shifting. Thereby, the processing conditions are always optimized. The elastic urging means 170 includes the key 120, the keyway 1
At 35, it acts similarly to the elastic biasing means 175.

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing details of the elastic biasing means 175 of FIG. Note that the elastic urging means 170 is configured in the same manner as the elastic urging means 175, and a description thereof will be omitted. The plunger 178 is inserted into the through hole 190 at one end of the cylinder 177, and protrudes forward and backward. The tip of the plunger 178 has a hemispherical surface, and smoothly contacts the inner surface of the key groove 140. As a result, the elastic biasing force of the plunger 178 works effectively. A spring 195 is housed inside the cylinder 177 to elastically urge the plunger 178 outward. Such an integrated elastic resilient means incorporating a spring manages parts as a unit,
It can be assembled and has the advantage of being compact in size. The groove 179 is formed in the cylinder 177 by machining or the like, and the plunger 178 is formed.
Is subjected to a drop-prevention treatment by plastic working of the cylinder 177.

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the elastic urging means 175, and the same or corresponding parts as those in FIG. 3 are denoted by the same reference numerals. The elastic urging means 175 is the groove 1 shown in FIG.
79 is omitted, and a hexagon socket head set screw 200
Is screwed. The head of the hexagon socket head set screw 200 is formed with a hexagonal cross section hole that can be engaged with a hexagon bolt or a hexagon wrench.
75 may be screwed into through hole 180. Also plunger 17
8 can be inserted and removed by removing the hexagon socket head set screw 200, so that the elastic biasing means 175 is easy to assemble.

In the first embodiment, the driving shaft 1
Work can be performed in the same manner by rotating the work (not shown) in the direction opposite to R in FIG.
In this case, a cutting load acts on the key 125 attached to the drive shaft 110 in the direction W in FIG. Therefore, the clearance between the key and the key groove by the urging means is removed in the direction facing the cutting load (the direction opposite to W, the left side of the key 125).

In order to prevent loosening, a configuration may be adopted in which two (two) setscrew 200 are used with a hexagonal hole.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 and showing a second embodiment of the tool mounting device. In this embodiment, the elastic urging means 175 is provided not on the key 125 but on the tool holder 150 side. The tool holder 150 has a through hole 210 penetrating from the outer peripheral surface to the inner surface of the key groove 140, and a female screw 215 is formed on the inner surface. The elastic urging means 175 is screwed from the outer peripheral surface to
The sheet is sent to a position protruding from the inner surface of the sheet. In this embodiment, the same effect as in the first embodiment can be obtained.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a rotary drive shaft 110 in a third embodiment of the tool mounting device. Generally, the key and the keyway have a substantially rectangular cross section.
The second embodiment employs this normal form. On the other hand, in the third embodiment, the substantially cylindrical keys 120, 12
5 is acting. Accordingly, the key groove (not shown) of the tool holder may be a circular hole, and the number of processing steps is reduced as compared with the key groove processing by the shaper.

FIG. 7 is a partial sectional front view showing a fourth embodiment of the tool mounting device. In this embodiment, the key 120 and the key groove 135 in the first embodiment are omitted, and only the key 125 and the key groove 140 are provided.
When the rotational torque required by the tool 130 is relatively low, man-hours can be reduced by minimizing the number of keys and key grooves.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a fifth embodiment of the tool mounting device. In this embodiment, a plurality of tool mounting devices 100, 300, 400, 500, and 600 are provided on a machine tool. By applying the present invention to a tool mounting device of a multi-axis machine tool (for example, a dedicated machine),
For all tools, the processing conditions at the start of processing are optimized, and high-quality products can be processed.

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, when the tool is replaced, the position of the tool is always kept constant by the urging means, and the dimensional change at the time of machining and the measurement change by the sensor are eliminated. . Further, since the detents are always engaged, a certain rigidity is maintained.

[0025]

As described above, according to the present invention, there is an excellent effect that processing conditions at the start of processing can be optimized.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional front view showing a first embodiment of a tool mounting device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional view taken along line II-II of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a longitudinal sectional view showing the elastic urging means of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of the elastic urging means.

FIG. 5 is a longitudinal sectional view corresponding to FIG. 2 and showing a second embodiment of the tool mounting device.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a rotary drive shaft in a third embodiment of the tool mounting device.

FIG. 7 is a partial cross-sectional front view showing a fourth embodiment of the tool mounting device.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a fifth embodiment of the tool mounting device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 100 Tool mounting device 110 Rotary drive shaft 120, 125 Key 130 Tool 135, 140 Key groove 150 Tool holder 160, 160 Hex bolt 170, 175 Elastic biasing means 176 Male screw 177 Cylinder 178 Plunger 195 Spring R Rotation direction W Cutting load direction

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A rotating or fixed mounting shaft, a key mounted on the mounting shaft, a tool holder to which a tool is fixed and having a key groove for engaging with the key, and a tool holder mounted on the mounting shaft; Urging means for urging the tool holder so as to eliminate a gap between the key groove and the key in a direction opposite to a rotating direction of the rotating mounting shaft or a cutting load acting on the fixed mounting shaft, A tool mounting device. 2. The tool mounting device according to claim 1, wherein said urging means is an elastic urging means for elastically urging said tool holder. 3. The elastic urging means includes: a cylinder having an external thread formed on an outer periphery thereof; a plunger protruding from one end of the cylinder so as to be able to advance and retreat, and not to fall off; The tool mounting device according to claim 2, further comprising: a spring that elastically biases in a direction in which the tool protrudes from the cylinder. 4. The key means is attached to a key, and presses an inner surface of the key groove to eliminate a gap between the key groove and the key in a direction of rotation of the mounting shaft or a direction facing the cutting load. The tool mounting device according to claim 1. 5. The keying means is mounted on a tool holder and presses a key to eliminate a gap between the key groove and the key in a direction of rotation of the mounting shaft or in a direction facing the cutting load. The tool mounting device according to 1. 6. The tool mounting device according to claim 1, wherein said key has a substantially rectangular cross section, and said keyway has a corresponding cross section. 7. The tool mounting device according to claim 1, wherein said key has a substantially cylindrical cross section, and said key groove has a cross section capable of engaging with said key groove. 8. The tool mounting device according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of said key grooves are provided in a circumferential direction of said tool holder. 9. The tool mounting device according to claim 1, wherein two key grooves are provided in a circumferential direction of the tool holder. 10. The apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said apparatus is provided on a main shaft of a machine tool.
10. The tool mounting device according to any one of claims 9 to 9.