JP2001095219A - Armature and method for winding armature winding - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an armature which can reduce uneven rotation of a motor, occurrence of the vibration of the motor, and production of abnormal sounds from the motor, and a method for winding an armature winding. SOLUTION: Windings wound around the slot core 12 of an armature 11 are separated into two layers of an upper layer and a lower layer with respect to the 180 deg. facing slot core 12. First, a lower-layer winding 19 is connected to a first segment S1, and after the winding 19 is wound around the vicinity of a rotating shaft 1, the winding 19 is wound by 10 turns around the slot core 12 facing the first section S1, and after the winding 19 is again wound around the vicinity of the rotating shaft 13, the winding 19 is connected to a second segment S2 adjacent to the first segment S1. Then the upper-layer winding 22 is connected to a 12th segment S12 facing the first segment S1, and after the winding 22 is wound around the slot core 12 on the 12th segment S12 side, and the winding 22 is connected to a 13th segment adjacent to the 12th segment S12.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a slot armature, and more particularly, to a slot armature winding method.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a DC motor with a brush, a multi-brush (for example, four brushes) structure may be used for the purpose of reducing a load current per brush with an increase in output. Ideally, two brushes of the same polarity are brought into synchronous contact with the commutator segments.

[0003] However, it is practically difficult for individual homopolar brushes to simultaneously contact the commutator segments. As a result, the timing shift in the brush contact causes a shift in the excitation timing of the armature caused by the current flowing through the windings, resulting in uneven motor rotation, vibration and abnormal noise. Cause it to occur.

[0004] Motor rotation unevenness, vibration, and abnormal noises that occur secondarily can cause performance problems such as a reduction in operation response and generation of discomfort to humans in motor applications such as home electric appliances and automobile parts (electric power steering motors and the like). And it became a big problem on the product.

In view of the above, there has been disclosed a method of eliminating variations in brush contact with a short-circuit line in an armature winding. FIG. 4 is an explanatory view in which a winding is wound on a motor armature having a 4-pole, 4-brush, 22-segment commutator (22-slot core) by a conventional ordinary winding method. FIG. 5 is an explanatory view in which a winding is wound on the armature of the motor by a winding method in which a short-circuit wire is introduced. That is, in the related art, the variation in the brush contact is eliminated by changing the winding specification as shown in FIG. 4 to a winding specification with a short-circuit line as shown in FIG.

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 4, windings 50 and 51 wound on both upper and lower layers have the same segment S, respectively.
In contrast to the connection to S1, S2 and S12, S13 (short α connection), in the improved technique, as shown in FIG.
The windings 50 and 51 wound on both upper and lower layers are connected to the same segments S1 and S2 and S12 and S13 (short α connection), respectively, and between the opposing same-polarity segments (S1 and S1).
12, S2 and S13) are short-circuited by short-circuit lines 52 and 53 (in FIG. 5, the short-circuit line 53 is indicated by a broken line in FIG. 5). It is wound.

[0007]

In this conventional technique, since the connection of the windings 50, 51 in both upper and lower layers to the segments S1, S2 and S12, S13 is a short α connection, the short-circuit line 52 is used. , 53 requires another special winding process, which has increased the cost of the armature.

Further, since the connections of the windings 50 and 51 of both upper and lower layers to the segments S1 and S2 and S12 and S13 are all short α connections, as shown in FIG. For example, in the segment S1), the width of the loop of the connection portion due to the drawing of the windings 50, 51 and the short-circuit line 52 in both the upper and lower layers is increased, and the winding is wound on the outer diameter side, so that the space of the winding Was low.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to provide an armature and an armature capable of reducing unevenness of rotation, vibration and abnormal noise of a motor, improving space occupation of windings and reducing manufacturing costs. To provide a winding method.

[0010]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a winding having a number of slots equal to the number of slots and having a plurality of sets of brushes slidably contacting with the rotation, and each slot having a plurality of layers. In the armature wound with, the number of turns of the winding of each layer in each slot is made equal, and the winding of each layer wound in each slot is distributed to a plurality of segments of the same phase corresponding to the slot. The gist is that they are connected.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an upper winding and a lower winding having the same number as the number of slot cores and having two sets of brushes slidably contacting with each other with rotation. In the armature wound wire,
The number of turns of the upper winding and the lower winding of each slot is the same, and the upper winding and the lower winding wound in each slot of the same phase, wherein the lower winding of one of the same phase slots And the other upper phase winding of the same phase slot are connected to a corresponding one same phase segment, and the upper winding of the one same phase slot and the lower winding of the other same phase slot are connected. The gist is that the line is connected to the other corresponding segment of the same phase.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the armature according to the second aspect, the lower winding is a long winding,
The corresponding upper layer winding is connected to the segment on which the upper layer winding is wound, and the upper layer winding is a short winding, and the upper layer winding is connected to the segment on which the upper layer winding is wound. Make a summary.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided an upper winding and a lower winding having the same number as the number of the slot cores and having two sets of brushes slidably contacting with the rotation, and each slot comprising two upper and lower layers. In the winding method of the armature wound with the wire, after sequentially winding the lower layer winding of each slot, when sequentially winding the upper layer winding of each slot, the lower layer winding is The upper winding is connected to a segment of a phase corresponding to the slot on the side on which the upper winding of the other slot having the same phase as the slot on which the wire is wound is wound, and each upper winding is connected to the corresponding lower winding. The gist is to connect the line to the segment to be connected.

(Operation) According to the first aspect of the present invention,
Since the winding of each layer wound in each slot is divided and connected to a plurality of segments of the same phase corresponding to the slot, and the number of turns of the winding of each layer is the same,
Even when the timing of the brush contact is deviated, the slots of the same phase are evenly excited. As a result, it is possible to suppress imbalance due to the displacement of the brush, and to reduce the occurrence of uneven rotation, vibration, and abnormal noise of the motor.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the lower layer winding of one same phase slot and the upper layer winding of the other same phase slot are connected to the corresponding one same phase segment, The upper layer winding of the one same phase slot and the lower layer winding of the other same phase slot are connected to the corresponding other same phase segments, and the number of turns of the upper layer winding and the lower layer winding are the same. Therefore, even when the timing of the brush contact is shifted, the slots of the same phase are evenly excited. As a result, it is possible to suppress imbalance due to the displacement of the brush, and to reduce the occurrence of uneven rotation, vibration, and abnormal noise of the motor.

According to the invention of claim 3, according to claim 2,
In addition to the effects of the invention described in (1), the winding can be densely wound, and the space occupied by the winding of the armature in the winding can be improved.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, only by changing the connection method for the segments, the lower layer winding is wound on all the slots, and then the upper layer winding is wound in the same manner. Therefore, no special mechanism or equipment is required, and winding can be performed with only one winding equipment. As a result, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the armature by reducing the number of winding steps and the capital investment.

[0018]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a slot type armature will be described below with reference to the drawings.

As shown in FIG. 1, the armature 11 of the DC motor according to the present embodiment comprises a slot core 12, a rotating shaft 13 inserted through the slot core 12, and a rotating shaft 13 at one end of the rotating shaft 13. And a commutator 14 which is fixed with respect to.

In the commutator 14, a plurality (for example, 22) of segments 15 are provided at equal angular intervals on the circumference. Around the commutator 14, two sets, that is, four brushes 16 are arranged so as to be able to contact the segment 15. Both adjacent brushes 16 are at 90 degrees to each other. That is, both brushes 16 of the same polarity facing each other
Are arranged so as to be able to come into contact with the segments 15 of the same phase which are opposed to each other by 180 °.

As shown in FIG. 2, the winding of the windings around the slot cores 12 of the armature 11 is carried out by a plurality of layers (books) with respect to the slot cores 12 of the same phase which are opposed to each other by 180 °. In the embodiment, it is performed in two layers (upper and lower layers).

More specifically, as shown in FIG. 2, first, lower-layer (first-layer) windings (hereinafter, referred to as lower-layer windings) 19 and 20 as winding layers are formed into long α windings on each slot core 12. In a predetermined number of turns (for example, 10 turns).
At this time, the starting end of the lower winding 19 is connected to a certain segment 15 (for example, the first segment S1), and the lower winding 1
9 while being entangled with the vicinity of the rotation shaft 13, the slot core 12 180 ° (opposite to) the segment 15 (first segment S <b> 1) with a predetermined number of turns (for example, 1
0 turn), and after passing through the re-wound lower winding 19 while tangling around the rotation shaft 13, the segment 15 (second segment S 2) adjacent to the segment 15 (first segment S 1) ).

Then, while the armature 11 is being rotated, the lower layer winding is similarly wound around each slot core 12 in a similar manner. Eventually, the segment 15 which is 180 ° opposed (opposed) to the segment 15 (first segment S1).
When the (twelfth segment S12) comes around, as shown in FIG. 2, the starting end of the lower winding 20 is moved to the twelfth segment S1.
2 and pass through the lower winding 20 while tangling around the rotation shaft 13 and then to the slot core 12 facing the segment 15 (the twelfth segment S12) (that is, the first segment S1 side slot core). After winding with a predetermined number of turns (for example, 10 turns), the lower layer winding 20 that has been wound again is wound around the rotating shaft 13 while being entangled, and then adjacent to the segment 15 (the twelfth segment S12). Connect to the 13th segment S13).

After the lower layer winding is wound around all the slot cores 12 by making a round around the armature 11 in the above order, then, the respective lower layers 19 and 20 are wound in the same order as the winding order. Upper layer (second layer) windings (hereinafter, referred to as upper layer windings) 21 and 22 as winding layers in the slot core 12 are formed by short α windings in the same number of turns as the lower layer windings 19 and 20 (for example, 10 windings). Turn). At this time, the upper winding 2
1 is connected to the first segment S1, and the upper winding 2
1 is a slot core 12 corresponding to the first segment S1.
(Slot around which the lower winding 20 is wound) and then connected to the second segment S2.

Similarly, the upper winding is wound around each slot core 12 sequentially while rotating the armature 11. Eventually, when the twelfth segment S12 that is 180 ° opposite to the first segment S1 goes around, the starting end of the upper winding 22 is connected to the twelfth segment S12, and the upper winding 22 corresponds to the twelfth segment S12. After being wound around the slot core 12 (slot around which the lower layer winding 19 is wound), the thirteenth segment adjacent to the twelfth segment S12
Connect to segment S13.

When the upper layer winding is wound around all the slot cores 12 around the armature 11 in the above order, the armature 11
Winding of the winding is completed. Next, features of the armature 11 configured as described above will be described below.

(1) In the present embodiment, in the lower winding and the upper winding wound around each slot core 12 of the armature 11, each lower winding is composed of the slot core 12 winding the lower winding. 180 ° opposite segments 15 of the same phase
, And each upper winding is wound with a short α winding connected to the segment 15 corresponding to the slot core 12 on which the upper winding is wound.

That is, as shown in FIG.
A pair consisting of an upper winding 21 facing the lower winding 19 and a lower winding 20 and an upper winding 22 facing the lower winding 20 are connected in the same phase by 180 °. And was connected to each other by crossing each other.

The upper and lower windings were wound with the same number of turns (10 turns in this embodiment). That is, the windings 19 to 2 of each layer are added to the segments 15 having the same phase.
2 was evenly distributed and wound.

Therefore, when the brushes 16 of the same polarity come into contact with the segments 15 of the same phase, if the timing of the brush contact is shifted, for example, in FIG. 2, the first segment S1 is shifted from the twelfth segment S12. When the brush 16 having the same polarity is first contacted, the lower winding 19 and the upper winding 21 having the same number of turns and facing the lower winding 19 are energized. Therefore, even if the timing of the brush contact is deviated, the slots of the slot core 12 facing 180 ° are evenly excited. As a result, the imbalance of the excitation due to the displacement of the brush 16 due to the segment contact is suppressed, and it is possible to reduce the occurrence of uneven rotation, vibration and abnormal noise of the motor.

(2) In this embodiment, a set consisting of a lower winding 19 and an upper winding 21 opposed to the lower winding 19 is
Lower winding 20 and upper winding 2 opposed to lower winding 20
The lower layer windings 19 and 20 are wound with a long α winding so that each pair of the upper layer windings 2 and 3 is connected to the same-phase segments 15 facing each other by 180 ° so as to cross each other.
1 and 22 were wound with a short α winding.

Therefore, since the lower windings 19, 20 are wound by long α windings, the lower windings 19, 20 can be shifted toward the inner diameter side of the slot, and the lower windings 19, 21 can be densely wound. The space occupied by the winding winding of the armature 11 can be improved. The lower and upper windings 19, 21 (lower and upper windings 20, 22) connected to the first segment S1 (or twelfth segment S12) of the segment 15 as shown in FIGS. Looking at the winding shape, the drawing directions of the lower winding 19 (or lower winding 20) and the upper winding 21 (or upper winding 22) are different, and the width of the loop to be hooked on the commutator claw is different from the conventional one. It can be smaller than that.

(3) In the present embodiment, the lower windings 19 and 2
0 and upper-layer windings 21 and 22 were connected to the same-phase segments 15 facing each other by 180 °. Therefore, another connection and processing required for the conventional equalizing connection become unnecessary. Also, in the case of production equipment, hooking operation (operation of hooking the winding on the commutator claw) when connecting
This can be easily achieved by a program that switches the angle of twisting the armature 11 wound when the program is switched from the lower winding to the upper winding. In other words, the winding can be performed by only one winding facility without requiring any special mechanism and equipment.

As a result, the manufacturing cost of the armature can be reduced by reducing the number of winding steps and the capital investment. The above embodiment may be modified as follows.

In the above embodiment, the commutator 14 is provided with 22 segments 15 provided at equal angular intervals on the circumference. However, the number of the segments 15 is not limited to 22. A plurality of segments 15 other than 22 may be provided at equal angular intervals on the circumference. In this case, the features (1) to (3) of the embodiment described above.
The same effects as those described in (1) can be obtained.

In the above embodiment, the four brushes 16 are arranged around the commutator 14.
The number of the brushes 16 is not limited to four, and six or more brushes 16 may be arranged around the commutator 14 for implementation. In this case, the same effects as those described in the features (1) to (3) of the above embodiment can be obtained.

In the above-described embodiment, the winding of the armature 11 around the slot core 12 is performed in two layers, one above the other and the other 180 degrees. The winding of the armature 11 around the slot core 12 is performed by the slot core 1 facing 180 ° (opposing).
The processing may be performed by using four or more even layers for each two. At this time, if the windings of each layer are equally distributed and connected to the segments 15 corresponding to the brushes 16,
The same effects as the effects (1) to (3) of the above embodiment can be obtained.

[0038]

As described in detail above, according to the first to third aspects of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the occurrence of uneven rotation, vibration and abnormal noise of the motor.

In addition, according to the third aspect of the present invention,
The space occupied by the winding of the armature in the winding can be improved. According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the manufacturing cost of the armature that can reduce the occurrence of uneven rotation, vibration and abnormal noise of the motor.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory plan view of a main part of an armature according to an embodiment.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a winding to an armature.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a winding appearance of a winding around an armature.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing a conventional winding on an armature.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory view showing a conventional equalizing connection winding to an armature.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory view showing a winding state of a winding around a conventional armature.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 armature, 12 slot core, 15 segment, 16 brush, 19, 20 lower winding, 21, 22
... upper layer winding.

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An armature having the same number of slot cores as a plurality of brushes slidably contact with each other with rotation and winding a plurality of windings in each slot. Wherein the number of turns of the windings is the same, and the windings of each layer wound in each slot are divided and connected to a plurality of same-phase segments corresponding to the slots. 2. An armature having the same number of slot cores as two sets of brushes are slid in contact with rotation, and each slot is wound with an upper winding and a lower winding each having two upper and lower layers. In the above, the number of turns of the upper layer winding and the lower layer winding of each slot are made the same, and the upper layer winding and the lower layer winding wound in each slot of the same phase, wherein the lower layer of one of the same phase slots Windings,
An upper layer winding of the other same phase slot is connected to a corresponding one of the same phase segments, and an upper layer winding of the one same phase slot and a lower layer winding of the other same phase slot are connected. Characterized in that the armature is connected to the other corresponding segment of the same phase. 3. The armature according to claim 2, wherein the lower winding is a long winding and is connected to a segment on a side on which the corresponding upper winding is wound, and the upper winding is An armature, wherein the armature is short-circuited and is connected to a segment on the side on which the same-layer winding is wound. 4. An armature having the same number as the number of slot cores and having two sets of brushes slidably contacting each other with rotation, and each slot being wound with an upper winding and a lower winding each having two upper and lower layers. In the winding method, after sequentially winding the lower layer winding of each slot, when sequentially winding the upper layer winding of each slot, the respective lower layer winding is a slot in which the lower layer winding is wound. The other slots in the same phase are connected to a segment of the phase corresponding to the slot on the side where the upper layer winding is wound, and each of the upper layer windings is connected to a segment to which the corresponding lower layer winding is connected. Armature winding method to connect.