JP2001089753A - Oil-treating agent - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a oil-treating agent capable of treating waste oil to solidify the oil at a temperature near ambient temperature, capable of being easily mixed with the waste oil, and decreasing the amount of strong alkali to be used therewith. SOLUTION: This oil-treating agent comprises a water-in-oil(W/O) type emulsion formed by dispersing an aqueous dispersed phase in an oily continuous phase, wherein the dispersed phase comprises water, a solution containing water and an alcohol, and an alkali-mixed solution which is formed by mixing an water-free alcohol with an alkali hydroxide, such as sodium hydroxide, or with an alkali metal alkoxide, such as sodium alkoxide, and the continuous phase comprises a liquid not compatible with the dispersed phase.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an oil dispersant, and more particularly, to an oil dispersant which coagulates oil used for treating home-use tempura oil and commercial edible waste oil.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in order to treat used tempura oil and commercial edible waste oil (hereinafter referred to as waste oil), low-molecular-weight polyethylene, paraffin and the like have been introduced into waste oil, coagulated and discarded. Further, in the invention described in Japanese Patent Publication No. 60-054092, an appropriate amount of 12-hydroxystearic acid is added to waste cooking oil, and after heating and dissolving without allowing water to coexist,
A method of solidifying waste cooking oil to be cooled has been proposed. Further, in the invention described in JP-A-9-013072, the amount of the alkali required for complete saponification when saponifying liquid oils and fats at room temperature with an alkali such as sodium hydroxide and potassium hydroxide.
A solution type (homogeneous) saponification accelerator for saponifying at 1/6 to 1/3 and solidifying about 1 to 3 minutes after the start of saponification has been proposed.

[0003]

For this reason, when low molecular polyethylene or paraffin is used, waste oil does not solidify unless it is added at high temperature. Also, the invention described in Japanese Patent Publication No. Sho 60-054092 has a problem that the waste oil does not solidify unless it is added at a high temperature, so that it has to be heated to treat the cooled oil. Further, there is a problem that it takes time and effort since the waste oil is solidified only after the temperature of the waste oil drops to around room temperature.

In the invention described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-013072, waste oil can be coagulated between room temperature and about 90 ° C. However, since it is a uniform solution, the contact between the saponification accelerator and the waste oil can be prevented. Since the area was small and the compatibility with the waste oil was low, it was hard to mix and the trouble of stirring was large. Furthermore, since the mixture is hard to mix and the saponification reaction hardly proceeds, an excessive strong alkali must be used, and if the corrosive strong alkali comes into contact with the human body during use, the skin may be damaged, and Not preferred. In addition, since the corrosiveness of the strong alkali may involve metal, the cooking utensils such as tempura pots may be corroded, which is not preferable.

The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies to solve the above-mentioned problems, and have found that the following problems can be solved by focusing on the following items. An oil dispersant for a W / O emulsion, in which the particle size of the dispersed phase in the emulsion is 15 μm or less, and the high-concentration alkaline solution such as sodium hydroxide is trapped in the particles. By using a liquid that does not mix with the particles in the emulsion, high-concentration alkaline solution can be confined to countless fine particles. Since the contact area becomes very large, it has been found that the saponification reaction proceeds rapidly as a whole and can be solidified in a short time. At this time, the emulsion particles can be stably dispersed in the liquid as small particles by swelling micelles formed by adsorption of a surfactant at the interface with the continuous phase.

[0006] It is known that edible oils and the like are basically fatty acid esters of fatty acids and glycerin in chemical structure. When an alkali such as sodium hydroxide is added thereto and reacted, a fatty acid soda, that is, a soap is purified and solidified by a saponification reaction. The manufacture of soap usually requires the caustic required to completely saponify the ester. An object of the present invention is to basically solidify waste oil by adding a caustic alkali to edible oil and utilizing a solidification phenomenon by soap refining.

That is, it is not necessary to saponify all waste oils, and partial saponification is sufficient. That is, it is sufficient if solidification is achieved by partial saponification. (The difference from producing soap is for the purpose of solidification, and it is not necessary to completely saponify it.) For such purpose, a solution type, for example, sodium hydroxide and water-alcohols are conventionally used. Although a solidifying agent of a homogeneous solution in which is dissolved in a base material has been studied, the present inventors have found that in a solution type solidifying agent, a certain amount of solidifying agent solidifies waste oil to a practical hardness. It was confirmed that a high concentration alkaline solution was required. That is, since the reactivity between the waste oil and the dispersant is poor, an excessive amount of a high-concentration alkaline solution is required. Further, as a drawback of the solution-type high-concentration alkali solution solidifying agent, there may be a problem of safety at the time of skin contact due to a high alkali concentration and a problem of corrosiveness to cooking utensils such as a tempura pan. In addition, as a result of examining the solidification ability of the treating agent for a low-concentration alkaline solution in a solution type, it was found that the solidification was insufficient.

The inventors of the present invention have conducted intensive studies on these causes, and found that the conventional solution-type solidifying agent is a uniform liquid as a whole, and is therefore used as an edible oil in a container such as a tempura pan. When mixed artificially with chopsticks, spatula etc. by housewife or worker, the treatment agent and edible oil are not sufficiently mixed and the contact area between the alkaline solution and the tempura oil is small, so the saponification reaction I speculated that the speed was small. In order to solve this, conventionally, it has been necessary to add an excessive amount of alkali or excessively increase the concentration. (For example, 20 to 40 with respect to the entire treatment agent)
In other words, in the case of the solution type dispersant of the related art, since the liquid is almost uniform from the beginning, the contact between the alkaline solution and the waste oil such as edible oil is performed only by stirring after the dispersant is added. Therefore, the particle diameter of the alkali component in the particles in the waste oil is large, and therefore, the contact area between the alkaline solution and the waste oil is small. On the other hand, in the case of the W / O emulsion as in the present invention, since the alkali solution is dispersed in the form of fine particles from the beginning, a large contact area between the waste oil and the alkali solution can be secured with a little stirring.

In the emulsion type dispersant of the present invention,
Since the alkali is confined in the droplets of the W / O emulsion, it has been found that sufficient solidification performance can be obtained even when the alkali concentration in the treating agent is reduced, and the oil treating agent of the present invention is used for waste oil. Then, the fine alkaline solution particles are dispersed and the contact area with the waste oil is dramatically increased as compared with the conventional dispersant, so that the saponification reaction rate is increased. Therefore, it is also possible to reduce the amount of alkali used, and it is possible to reduce the possibility that the user may come into contact with the dispersant or damage cooking utensils containing waste oil.

The present invention has been made in view of the above-mentioned conventional drawbacks,
It is an object of the present invention to provide an oil treating agent which can solidify waste oil even at around normal temperature, is easily mixed with waste oil, and can reduce the amount of strong alkali used.

[0011]

In order to achieve the above object, an alkali water / alcohol solution is mixed and stirred with a solution having no or little compatibility with the solution, and a water-in-oil type (W) is used. The main point is to provide an oil dispersant which is an emulsion.

In the W / O emulsion used in the present invention, a solution in which an alkali is mixed is used as a dispersed phase. In addition, as a continuous phase, the components of the dispersed phase do not dissolve in each other (that is, they are incompatible or small).
It must be a liquid substrate. Further, preferably, since the solidification rate can be increased by being easily mixed with the waste oil,
So-called oils such as mineral oils and synthetic oils are used.

That is, as a preferred example of the continuous phase used in the present invention, mineral oil and synthetic oil are preferred, and one or a mixture of two or more thereof can be used. May be used. For example, mineral oils such as spindle oils of lubricating base oils, transformer oils, neutral oils, bright stock oils, petroleum naphthas as fuel oils, gasoline, kerosene, light oils, process oils, and synthetic ester oils as synthetic oils And synthetic ether oils, synthetic polyalkylene glycol oils, synthetic polyalphaolefins, alkylbenzene oils, silicone oils and the like.

Further, the W / O of the continuous phase used in the present invention
The ratio of the continuous phase to the whole emulsion is not particularly limited, but it is preferable to use a continuous phase of about 40 to 95%.

There is no particular limitation on the water to be mixed with the alkali component in the disperse phase used in the present invention, or the ratio of water to alcohol or the alcohol, but alkali component: water: alcohol = 3: 3: 7. Is particularly preferred.

The alkali used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it is a strong alkali, and sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, barium hydroxide and the like are used. Preferably, sodium hydroxide is used.

The metal alkoxide used in the present invention is preferably a sodium alkoxide, and sodium ethoxide, sodium methoxide or a mixture thereof is used.

The alkali concentration of the alkali solution of the dispersed phase used in the present invention is preferably as high as about 3 to 60%, more preferably about 30%. The ratio of water to alcohol is not particularly limited, but water: alcohol = 20 to 40:60 to 80 is preferable.

The particle size of the alkali mixed solution as the disperse phase used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and is 15 μm
The following are used, preferably 10 μm or less, more preferably 3 μm or less. If the particle size is large, the reactivity is reduced, and the dispersion stability as an emulsion is deteriorated.

The use of powder for increasing the amount or diluting the alkali concentration as a component of the dispersant is not denied. For example, calcium hydroxide, calcium sulfate, bentonite, kaolinite, pearlite or carbon black, Carbonaceous particles such as activated carbon may be mixed.

The W / O used as the dispersant of the present invention
In order to form an emulsion, a surfactant can be preferably used as a dispersant for dispersing an alkali mixed solution in an oil component. When the dispersant is not used, the dispersant may be added to the waste oil after being strongly stirred at the time of use (immediately before the dispersant of the present invention is added to the waste oil). For example, if the dispersant of the present invention is of a type in which a bottle is filled for each use amount, shaking the entire bottle is preferable because it does not take much time for stirring.

The surfactant used in the present invention includes:
There is no particular limitation as long as the dispersed phase can be stably dispersed in the continuous phase for a long time, but the type and amount of use are appropriately adjusted in consideration of the properties of the oil component that is the continuous phase and the concentration of the dispersed phase. For example, polyalkenyl succinimide,
Or a derivative thereof, a polyalkenyl succinamide or a derivative thereof, a polyolefin amide or a derivative thereof, an alkyl / alkenylamine system or a derivative thereof, a polyolefin amide alkene amine or a derivative thereof, a polyoxyethylene system, and a polyoxyphenyl ether system. One or more alkali metal and alkaline earth metal soap-based surfactants can be used.

[0023]

Since the dispersant of the present invention added to the waste oil is a W / O emulsion, minute and innumerable alkali particles are dispersed in the waste oil, and the saponification reaction starts. Since the contact area between the waste oil and the alkali solution is increased by forming minute and innumerable alkali droplets, the waste oil can be rapidly solidified and treated.

When the dispersant configured as described above is used to treat tempura oil used at home, first, the dispersant of the present invention is added to waste oil at around normal temperature and stirred. Then, the waste oil and the dispersant immediately start reacting and solidify in about one minute, so that the waste oil can be peeled off from the pot and discarded.

[0025]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

In the examples, the results of comparison of the performance of the dispersant according to the present invention and the conventional dispersant will be described using four evaluation test methods.

[Evaluation Test Method 1] A commercially available glass beaker and a magnetic stirrer (magnet stirrer) are used. The magnetic stirrer used was one in which the number of revolutions of the stirrer could be read directly by LED display. (Model: Inuchi Seieido Model Number HS
According to this magnetic stirrer, when the contents in the beaker start to solidify, the viscosity increases, and the load on the stirrer increases, so that the rotation speed decreases. Depending on the degree of solidification, the degree of decrease in the number of rotations differs, and the more solidified the lower the number of rotations. In other words, the degree of solidification can be confirmed by observing the state of the decrease in the number of revolutions.

In the test, first, 50 ml of edible oil waste oil is placed in a 100 ml Pyrex glass beaker.
A magnetic stirrer coated with Teflon is put into this and stirred at room temperature. Before putting in the dispersant,
Set to 450rpm ± 10rpm. Next, the test dispersant is added into a beaker, and the rotation speed of the stirrer is immediately read to observe and record the change over time.

According to this test method, the dispersant having excellent solidification performance rapidly solidifies because the solidification occurs in a short time. The criterion for solidification was 20 rpm (20 rotations per minute), and the required amount of alkali (sodium hydroxide) required for solidification and the solidification time were determined.

[Evaluation Test Method 2] 600 ml (room temperature) of waste oil of tempura oil is put in a tempura pan at room temperature. Dispersant 100
Immediately after adding ml, stir well with chopsticks for 1 minute and then leave. During this time, the time until the start of solidification and the time required for solidification are measured. (The size of the tempura pan is about 27cm in diameter,
According to this test method, the amount of alkali (sodium hydroxide) required to solidify a predetermined amount of tempura oil is determined, and the difference between the dispersant according to the present invention and the conventional dispersant is evaluated. I do.

[0031]

Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 Next, specific examples will be described. In Examples 1 to 4 and Comparative Example 1 (the composition of the components is as shown in Table 1. The unit is (g)), the evaluation test method 1 was applied. When the dispersant was used, 50 ml (45 g) of tempura oil was used. The amount of dispersant required to solidify the waste oil and the amount of net alkali (sodium hydroxide) were determined. In addition, when it reaches 20 rpm or less within 5 minutes, it is evaluated as solidification (○ mark),
It is described in Table 2.

[0032]

[Table 1]

[Table 2] As shown in Tables 1 and 2 above, the oil dispersants of Examples 1 to 4 had 50
The amount of sodium hydroxide required to solidify ml of waste oil is
0.36 to 0.40 g. On the other hand, in Comparative Example 1, 2.5 g
That's all. As described above, it was confirmed that the amount of sodium hydroxide used was a few times smaller than that of the conventional dispersant.

[0033]

Examples 5 to 7 A W / O emulsion was prepared by dissolving sodium hydroxide in a mixture of water and ethanol to obtain a solution to be used as a dispersed phase, adding the solution to the continuous phase, and immediately stirring it immediately before charging the waste oil. This was used.

[0034]

Examples 8 to 13 Sodium hydroxide was dissolved in a mixed solution of water and ethanol to obtain a solution to be used as a dispersed phase, and dispersed in a continuous phase using a surfactant as a dispersant. A dispersant was obtained.

Examples 5 to 13 (component compositions are as shown in Table 3; units are (g)) and Comparative Examples 2 to 6 described later (component compositions are as shown in Table 4 and units are (g)) are as follows: Applying Evaluation Test Method 2, observing the solidification performance of waste oil, which is the effect of the dispersant of the present invention, the ease of mixing, the solidification state, and the solidification rate, and clarifying the difference from the conventional technology by the following evaluation criteria To Table 5 summarizes the evaluations of Examples 5 to 13 and Comparative Examples 2 to 6.

[Ease of mixing with waste oil] ◎: Particularly easy to mix ○: Easy to mix △; Slightly hard to mix ×: Hard to mix [solidified state] ；: Solidified uniformly uniformly ○: Almost the whole Solidified. Some soft parts.

Δ: Partially solidified. There is waste oil that cannot be partially solidified.

X; does not solidify.

[Solidification rate] A: Solidification at an appropriate rate.

○: solidified slowly.

(4): The solidification rate is too high and the solidification is partially achieved.

X; does not solidify.

When the solidification rate is too fast, solidification begins partially before the dispersant spreads over the entire waste oil, and finally there is a solidified part and an oil part that cannot be solidified, so that the entire waste oil is solidified. Cannot be processed.

[0044]

[Table 3] Prior art dispersants were tested as follows for comparison with the dispersants of Examples 5-13 of the present invention.

[0045]

Comparative Examples 2-3 A mixed solution of propylene glycol, ethanol, diethylene glycol monoisobutyl ether and an aqueous solution of laurylamine oxide was added to a solution of sodium hydroxide in water to obtain a uniform liquid dispersant.

The weights of Comparative Examples 2 and 3 are as shown in Table 4.

[0047]

Comparative Examples 4 and 5 A solution obtained by mixing 2-phenoxyethanol, polypropylene glycol, isopropyl alcohol and an aqueous solution of laurylamine oxide in a solution of sodium hydroxide in water was added to obtain a uniform liquid dispersant.

The weights of Comparative Examples 4 and 5 are as shown in Table 4.

[0049]

Comparative Example 6 As shown in Table 4, 15 g of 12-hydroxystearic acid was used as the dispersant of Comparative Example 6. The properties were powder.

[0050]

[Table 4]

[Table 5] As described above, Examples 5 to 13 are easier to mix than the dispersants of Comparative Examples 2 to 6, and solidification proceeds at an appropriate speed.
The waste oil could be solidified uniformly throughout.

[0051]

Example 14 and Comparative Example 7 [Evaluation Test Method 3] As a standard for examining the hardness of the solidified waste oil, the diameter was 2 cm and the weight was 6 g.
Was placed on the solidified waste oil, and the settling distance was measured after 10 minutes. In addition, the method of visual observation and disposal is confirmed, and the difference from the conventional technology is clarified.

Example 14 and Comparative Example 7 (component compositions are shown in Table 6
As shown. The unit is (g)), apply evaluation test method 3,
The hardness of the waste oil after solidification was observed. Example 1
Table 7 summarizes the evaluations of 4 and Comparative Example 7.

[0053]

[Table 6]

[Table 7] As described above, Example 14 was compared with the dispersant of Comparative Example 7,
It has been confirmed that the waste oil can be solidified as a whole and the oil can be easily disposed because no oil remains.

[0054]

Examples 15 to 17 [Evaluation Test Method 4] The dispersant was prepared by first preparing a mixed solution of sodium hydroxide, water and alcohol, which are dispersed phases, and adding a surfactant in advance. The mixture was stirred for 20 minutes while being dropped into the continuous phase mineral oil. During the stirring, the diameter of the dispersed phase particles was changed in three stages by adjusting the number of revolutions of the stirrer. The particle diameter was measured by microscopic observation and photographing, and the average particle diameter was measured and confirmed. By this evaluation method, the relationship between the particle size of the dispersed phase and the solidification rate was confirmed.

Table 8 shows the component compositions, the number of revolutions of the stirrer, and the particles of Examples 15 to 17. Table 9 shows the results of a test performed using the above evaluation method 4. The solidification state will be described based on Table 9 and the graph shown in FIG.

[0056]

[Table 8]

[Table 9] From Tables 8 and 9, and FIG. 1, it was confirmed that the smaller the particle size of the dispersed phase, the faster the solidification rate. In other words, it was confirmed that the solidification rate could be controlled by the particle size of the dispersed phase.

[0057]

As described in detail above, the dispersant of the present invention can coagulate waste oil at around normal temperature, easily mix with waste oil, and have various effects such as reducing the amount of strong alkali used. .

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a solidified state in Examples 15, 16 and 17.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tatsuo Kasahara 2-21-14 Higashiueno, Taito-ku, Tokyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tomohiro Shiiya 2-21-14 Higashiueno, Taito-ku, Tokyo 4H059 AA03 AA04 AA09 AA12 BA01 BA02 BA12 BA16 BA17 BA26 BA42 BA49 BB02 BC03 BC13 BC33 CA94 DA16 DA24 DA30 EA11 EA13 EA15

Claims (9)

[Claims] 1. An oil dispersant for a W / O emulsion in which an aqueous dispersion phase is dispersed in an oily continuous phase, wherein the dispersion phase contains water, a solution containing water and an alcohol, or does not contain water. An alkali mixed solution obtained by mixing an alcohol solution with an alkali hydroxide such as sodium hydroxide or a metal alkoxide such as sodium alkoxide, and wherein the continuous phase is a liquid incompatible with the dispersed phase. Dispersant characterized by being a W / O emulsion. 2. The dispersant according to claim 1, wherein the dispersant for dispersing the dispersed phase in the continuous phase is a W / O emulsion using a surfactant. 3. The dispersant according to claim 1, wherein the particle diameter of the dispersed phase is 15 μm or less. 4. The method according to claim 1, wherein the surfactant is a polyalkenyl succinimide or a derivative thereof, a polyalkenyl succinamide or a derivative thereof, a polyolefin amide or a derivative thereof, an alkyl / alkenyl amine or a derivative thereof, a polyolefin amide alkene. 3. The composition according to claim 2, wherein one or more of an amine or a derivative thereof, a polyoxyethylene, a polyoxyphenyl ether, an alkali metal and an alkaline earth metal soap are used. Dispersant. 5. The dispersant according to claim 1, wherein the continuous phase is a mineral oil or a synthetic oil. 6. The continuous phase is a mineral base oil such as a spindle oil of a lubricating base oil, a transformer oil, a neutral oil, a bright stock oil, a fuel oil such as petroleum naphtha, gasoline, kerosene,
One or more selected from light oils, process oils, liquid paraffin, synthetic ether oils that are synthetic oils, synthetic polyalkylene glycol oils, synthetic polyalphaolefins, alkylbenzene oils, and silicone oils 6. The dispersant according to claim 5, wherein the oil component is used. 7. A dispersed phase comprising a mixed solution of water and ethanol obtained by dissolving sodium hydroxide, and a paraffin hydrocarbon, an olefinic hydrocarbon or an aromatic hydrocarbon having a flash point of 50 ° C. or higher. An oil treating agent, which is a W / O-type emulsion obtained by dispersing a kind or two or more kinds of continuous phases and the dispersed phase as particles having a particle diameter of about 10 μm with a surfactant in the continuous phase. 8. The method according to claim 1, wherein the dispersed phase comprises 2 to 30% of sodium hydroxide,
The dispersant according to claim 1, comprising 1 to 40% of water and 2 to 80% of ethanol, and wherein the continuous phase is a mineral oil. 9. The method according to claim 1, wherein a powder of calcium hydroxide, calcium sulfate, soda lime, pentonite, kaolinite, or the like is added to the dispersant. Dispersant.