JP2001078537A - Grain moisture-measuring apparatus of combine harvester - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To prevent adjustment control for various parts of a thresher which starts after the completion of the detection of grain moisture value from being delayed. SOLUTION: A grain moisture-detecting apparatus 3 for detecting the moisture values of grains is installed on the upstream side of a thresher 2 for threshing reaped grain culms fed to the thresher 2. A controller performs the adjustment control of various parts of the thresher 2 on the basis of grain moisture values detected.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention provides a grain moisture detector for detecting a grain moisture value on the upper side of a threshing machine which feeds a harvested grain culm to a threshing machine, and detects the grain moisture. This is a technique in which each part of the threshing machine is adjusted and controlled by a control device based on the value, and can be used as a grain moisture measuring device of a combine.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art When harvesting piled corn culm by a combine, the culled culm cut by a front reaper is supplied to a threshing machine, threshed by a handle of the threshing machine, and threshed cereal. The grains are sorted by wind sorting and swing sorting by both the blower fan and the swing sorting apparatus, and the sorted grains are supplied to a grain storage tank and temporarily stored therein.

[0003] The unthreshed product (second product) generated during threshing is returned to the second processing chamber by the second return cylinder and threshed again by the second processing cylinder. During this threshing operation, the
The grain moisture detection device provided in the grain storage tank detects the moisture value of the grain as shown in 0-313666, and when the detected grain moisture value is a high moisture value equal to or higher than a predetermined moisture value, the occurrence of degranulation occurs. In order to prevent this, the rotation speed of the handling cylinder is adjusted and controlled by a control device to a predetermined value low rotation, and threshing work is performed by the handling cylinder having a low rotation speed.

[0004]

Since the grain moisture detecting device for detecting the grain moisture value is provided in the grain storage tank, the grain moisture value is measured after the grain is supplied to the threshing machine. It takes time before detection, which causes a delay in detection, delays in controlling the rotation speed of the handling cylinder, and during this time, the occurrence of degranulation may increase or the sorting performance may decrease. The present invention is intended to solve these problems.

[0005]

For this purpose, the present invention relates to a threshing machine 2 for threshing by supplying a cut culm and a grain moisture detecting device 3 for detecting a grain moisture value. In the combine provided on the upstream side, the handling cylinder 26, the second processing cylinder 28, the blower 37, and the swing sorting device 3 of the threshing machine 2 based on the grain moisture value detected by the grain moisture detecting device 3
5 is provided with a control device 59 for adjusting and controlling each part such as 5 and the like.

[0006]

When harvesting the pied cereal culm using a combine, the culled culm harvested by the front mower is supplied to the threshing machine 2 and threshed by the handling drum 26 of the threshing machine 2. Threshed kernels are sorted by both the blower 37 and the swing sorting device 35 by wind sorting and swing sorting, and the sorted grains are supplied to a grain storage tank and temporarily stored therein.

[0007] The unthreshed processed material (second product) generated during threshing is returned to the second processing chamber by the second reduction cylinder and threshed again by the second processing cylinder 28. During the threshing operation, it is on the upper side of the threshing machine 2. For example, a grain moisture value is detected by a grain moisture detecting device 3 provided in any of an inlet funnel that receives a cut grain culm and guides it to the threshing machine 2 or a harvester, and the detected grain moisture value is detected. The rotation speed, the amount of leakage, etc. of the handling cylinder 26, the second processing cylinder 28, the blower 37, the rocking sorter 35, etc., which are the respective parts of the threshing machine 2, are appropriately adjusted and controlled by the controller 59 based on the Then threshing work is performed.

[0008]

According to the present invention, the grain moisture detecting device 3 for detecting the grain moisture value is provided on the upstream side of the threshing machine 2 so that the grain can be supplied to the threshing machine 2 before the harvested culm is supplied. By detecting the moisture value, the detection delay does not occur, and before the harvesting culm is supplied to the threshing machine 2, the threshing machine 2 is adjusted to an optimal state for the grain moisture value. By controlling and controlling each part, it is possible to prevent the generation of flakes, prevent the number of scattered particles from increasing, and improve the sorting ability.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. A state in which a grain moisture detecting device 3 for supplying a mowing grain stalk to a threshing machine 2 mounted on a combine 1 and detecting a moisture value of a grain to be threshed is provided on the upstream side of the threshing machine 2 is illustrated and described. I do.

At the lower part of the chassis 6b of the combine 1,
A traveling device 6 having a pair of left and right traveling rollers 6a for traveling on the soil surface is provided, and on the upper part of the undercarriage 6b, a cutting grain conveyed while being clamped by a feed chain 7 and a clamping rod 7a. The culm is threshed, the threshed grains are sorted and collected, and the thresh grains 2 having a grain storage tank 8 temporarily stored on the side are placed.

At the front of the threshing machine 2, a weeding body 9 for weeding the raised culm from the front end position, a raising device 10 for raising the weeded cereal stem, and a raised cereal culm The cutting machine 13 provided with a cutting blade device 11 for cutting grass, and a grain stalk scraping and conveying device 12 for conveying the cut grain and transferring it to the feed chain 7 and the holding rod 7a are provided with a hydraulically driven telescopic cylinder. By means of 14, it is configured to be able to move up and down on the soil surface.

On the threshing machine 2 side, an operating device 15 for controlling the operation of the combine 1 and a cockpit 1 on which an operator rides
6 is provided in an operator's cab 16b formed by an operating case 16a. An engine 17 is mounted below the cockpit 16 and a grain storage tank 8 is installed at the rear.
These traveling device 6, threshing machine 2, reaper 13, engine 1
7 and the like constitute the fuselage 18 of the combine 1.

In the culm conveying path formed by the cereal stalk raking and conveying device 12 of the reaper 13, the culm is supplied to the threshing machine 2 by contacting the culm which is cut and conveyed. A grain stalk sensor 19 for detecting the presence or absence is provided.
A vehicle speed sensor 21 for detecting a traveling vehicle speed based on the output rotation speed is provided in a transmission path of a traveling mission 20 mounted on a front end of the chassis 4.

The threshing machine 2 is provided with a threshing chamber 22, a dust treatment chamber 23, and a second treatment chamber 24 on the upper side as shown in FIGS. In this configuration, the chambers 25 are arranged. In the threshing room 22, a large number of handling teeth 26a of various types are attached, and
6 has a configuration in which a shaft is installed in the front-rear direction.

In a second processing chamber 24 located in front of and parallel to the right side of the threshing chamber 22 in a plan view, the unthreshed processed material (secondary material) to be reduced is processed while being transferred forward. , And a large number of processed teeth 27 are sequentially discharged from the transfer start end to the sorting chamber 25.
a and the second processing cylinder 28 equipped with the second discharge blade 27b.
In the dust treatment chamber 23 located on the rear side, a dust discharge transfer spiral is sequentially transferred from a transfer start end where a part of the unthreshed processed material supplied from the threshing chamber 22 is reprocessed while being transported backward. 2
9a and a dust processing cylinder 3 equipped with dust discharging blades 29b
0 indicates a configuration in which the second processing cylinder shaft 28a and the dust processing cylinder shaft 30a are separately mounted on the shaft.

The handle 26 on the left side of the threshing room 22 in plan view
feed chain 7 which holds the cut culm along b
And a gripping rod 7a, and a handle 2 surrounding the lower portion of the outer peripheral edge of the handle 26a to the handle cover 32a.
6c, the processing teeth 27a and the lower part of the outer peripheral edge of the dust transfer spiral 29a are provided on the rear side with a step formed therein, and on the rear side, a leaking tool 33 provided with bar-shaped members at predetermined intervals, and a second receiving net 34 And are arranged respectively. A dust discharge port 33a is provided at the transfer terminal end side of the leaking device 33 for discharging straw waste processed in the dust processing chamber 23 and dust such as culm cuts. A second discharge port 34a for discharging a part of the processed material threshed in the second processing chamber 24 is provided on the transfer terminal side of the receiving network 34. Below the front opening 31a of the front side machine wall 31 of the threshing machine 22, a grain stalk raking and conveying device 12 of a reaper 13 is provided.
Receiving the harvested stalks transferred in the above manner, guides it into the threshing chamber 22 and supplies it to the front to protrude by a predetermined length, so that the entrance funnel 3
2 is provided.

FIG. 2 shows the inner surface of the handle cover 32a.
By adjusting the addition of resistance to the threshing treatment as shown by, the transfer of the threshing treatment to the transfer terminal end side is slowed or accelerated, and the state of the threshing treatment in the threshing chamber 22 is adjusted. This is a configuration in which a threshing chamber resistance plate 32b is provided rotatably in the front-rear direction. This threshing room resistance plate 32b is a resistance plate motor 32
This is a configuration in which automatic rotation control is performed in step c.

In the sorting chamber 25, threshing material leaked from the handling net 26c, treated material leaked from the leaking device 33 and the second receiving net 34, and discharged from the second outlet 34a. A swing sorting device 35, which receives the supply of the processed material and the dust discharged from the dust discharge outlet 33a and swings while transporting to sort, is provided along the axial direction of the handling drum 26. ing. The swing sorting device 35 is provided with a transfer shelf 36a, a chief sheave 36b, and a straw rack 36c in this order from the front, and a granite 36d is provided below the chief sheave 36b. The chief sheave 36b is configured so that the transfer angle can be adjusted and the amount of leakage can be adjusted. At the lower side of the front part of the swing sorter 35, a swing fulcrum metal 3 is provided.
5a, and a cam roller 35b is provided at the lower part of the rear part to swing and rotate to swing and sort into kernels and straw chips.

In the vicinity of the transfer end of the transfer shelf 36 of the rocking sorter 35, as shown in FIG. 1, a grain amount sensor for detecting the amount of passing threshed grains through which half of the threshed grains pass. 35c is provided.

A blower 37 in which a blower blade 37a is rotatably mounted is provided below the lower end of the swinging sorting device 35 at the starting end side (upper side) in the transfer direction, and the sorting wind generated by the blower 37 is blown. And wind-sorted into grains and dust.
37b is a wind split.

The lower end of the blower 37 is connected to the upper side of the first receiving trough 39b, which contains the grains to be sorted down from the first sorting shelf 38 and is fed laterally by the first spiral 39a. The lower side thereof is connected to the lower end of the first sorting shelf 38, and the lower part near the upper end of the first sorting shelf 38 is provided with the unthreshed processed material (second ), And the upper end of the second receiving gutter 41b to be fed sideways by the second spiral 41a is placed in an overlapped state at an appropriate interval, and the upper end of the second sorting shelf 40 is placed. Is a configuration opened to the outside of the machine.

The grains fed laterally by the first spiral 39a are taken over, and the first spirals 42d are fed into the grain storage tank 8.
Is transported by the first transfer cylinder 42c having the inside and temporarily stored.

An unthreshed processed material (secondary material) laterally fed by the second spiral 41a is taken over, and a second reduction cylinder 42a having a built-in lifting spiral 42b for feeding into the second processing chamber 24 is removed. This is a configuration in which the threshing machine 2 is inclined at the right side in plan view.

Above the transfer end of the swing sorting device 35, a dust fan 43 for discharging both the sorting wind of the blower 37 and the dust sorted by the swing sorting of the swing sorting device 35 to the outside of the machine. Is provided.

At the bottom of the grain storage tank 8, a lateral transfer spiral 8a for feeding the stored grains backward is provided in the front-rear direction, and the fed grains are taken over to form a joint case. A grain discharge support cylinder 45a, which contains a vertical transfer spiral 45b that changes direction through 44, is rotatably supported in a substantially vertical posture on the rear side of the grain storage tank 8 above the joint case 44. With the upper end portion of the grain support cylinder 45a serving as a fulcrum, the entire length thereof expands and contracts over the length of the combine 1 in the front-rear direction, and a discharge transfer spiral 46b for discharging grains to the outside of the machine is provided.
This is a configuration in which a gas 46a is provided.

The handle cylinder 26 is driven to rotate from the engine 17 via a handle cylinder transmission mechanism 56. The rotation speed of the engine 17 is controlled by the handle cylinder transmission mechanism 56.
The rotation speed of the handling cylinder 26 is adjusted and controlled. or,
The traveling speed of the traveling device 6 is controlled by a traveling mission 20, and the traveling speed of the traveling device 6 is adjusted and controlled.

The feed chain 7 is driven to rotate by a chain motor 47 for speed change, and the second processing cylinder 28 is driven to rotate by a second motor 48 for speed change. The body 30 is configured to be driven to rotate by a speed-change dust motor 49, and the opening and closing control of the diaphragm 36b of the swing selection device 35 is controlled by a swing motor 50.
The blower 37 is rotatably driven by a speed change blower motor 51, and the dust exhaust fan 43 is a speed change exhaust fan motor.
The first transfer cylinder 42c is rotatably driven by the first transfer motor 53, and the second transfer cylinder 42a is rotatably driven by the first transfer motor 53. 4
Numeral 2b denotes a configuration driven by a second speed transfer motor 55 for speed change, and a vertical transfer spiral 45b of the discharge support cylinder 45a and a discharge transfer spiral 46b of the discharge auger 46a are an auger motor for speed change. The configuration is such that it is driven to rotate at 54.

The inlet funnel 32 on the upstream side of the threshing machine 2
An opening 57 is provided in the vicinity of the front end of the funnel, and a funnel 5 for receiving a grain as shown in FIGS.
The crushing type moisture sensor 4 of the grain moisture detecting device 3 is provided below the funnel 58. Reaper 1
The harvested grain stalks transferred by the grain stalk raking and conveying device 12 of No. 3
Grains supplied to the inlet funnel 32 and falling at the time of the supply are collected by the cereal culm in the opening 57, and supplied from the opening 57 to the crushing type moisture sensor 4 through the funnel 58, The supplied moisture value of the grain is detected by the crushing type moisture sensor 4.

Alternatively, the reaper 1 which is the upper side of the threshing machine 2
The near-infrared moisture sensor 5 of the grain moisture detecting device 3 is provided at the transfer end of the grain stalk scraping and conveying device 3 as shown in FIG. The near-infrared moisture sensor 5 irradiates near-infrared light from the near-infrared moisture sensor 5 to the harvested grain culm transported by the grain scraping and conveying device 12 of the mowing machine 13, and the moisture value of the grain is measured by the near-infrared moisture sensor 5 is a configuration detected.

The crushing type moisture sensor 4 or the near-infrared type moisture sensor 5 of the grain moisture detecting device 3 is mounted. Each part of the threshing machine 2 is adjusted and controlled based on the moisture value of the grain detected by the grain moisture detecting device 3. Further, the grain moisture detecting device 3 is connected to the threshing machine 2.
On the upstream side, the detection of the grain moisture value is made faster, and the adjustment of each part of the threshing machine 2 can be controlled by the start of threshing for threshing the cut culm. The adjustment of each part is done later.

A control device 59 is provided in the box of the operation device 15, and a CPU 60 is provided in the control device 59. The CPU 60 of the control device 59 includes:
The grain moisture value of the grain detected by either the crushing moisture sensor 4 or the near-infrared moisture sensor 5 of the grain moisture detecting device 3 mounted as shown in FIG.
Is input with the amount of passing kernels passing through the transfer shelf 36a detected by the vehicle, the traveling vehicle speed value of the traveling device 6 detected by the vehicle speed sensor 21, and the presence or absence of the cereal stem detected by the cereal stem sensor 19. In addition, the CPU 60 controls the cylinder transmission mechanism 56 and the traveling mission 20 by these inputs, and also controls the resistance plate motor 32c, the chain motor 47, the second motor 48, and the discharge motor. Dust motor 49 and swing motor 50
, A blower motor 51, a duster motor 52, a first transfer motor 53, an auger motor 54, and a second transfer motor 55 are started, stopped, and rotated. This is a configuration in which the number is controlled.

Next, when it is determined that the detected grain moisture value detected by the grain moisture detecting device 3 is equal to or more than a predetermined value set and stored in the CPU 60 of the control device 59, the respective parts of the threshing machine 2 are controlled. It is a configuration to do. The control of each unit is performed as follows.

As shown in FIG. 5, the handling cylinder transmission mechanism 56 is controlled to control the rotation speed of the handling cylinder 26 to a predetermined low value which is set and stored in the CPU 60, and the resistance plate motor 3 is controlled.
2c, the threshing room resistance plate 32b provided in the handle cylinder cover 32a controls the threshing room 22 in the threshing room 22 to the side where the threshing processing material is quickly discharged, and further, the first transfer in the first transfer cylinder 42c. The configuration is such that the rotation speed of the spiral 42d is set to the CPU 60 and is controlled to the predetermined rotation speed low rotation which is stored.

Thus, if the water content of the grain is high, the flow of the grain, straw chips, culm, etc. in the threshing chamber 22 becomes poor, and the grain remains in the threshing chamber 22. Occurred, causing clogging and damage to the grains. However, the flow is improved by the threshing room resistance plate 32b, and damage to the grains due to a decrease in the rotation speed can be prevented.

As shown in FIG. 6, the rotation speed of the handle cylinder 26 is controlled to a predetermined value low rotation, and the rotation speed of the chain motor 47 is controlled to a predetermined value low rotation stored in the CPU 60 and stored. The rotation speed of the feed chain 7 is set to the CPU 60 and is controlled to a predetermined low speed stored therein.

Thus, when the rotation speed of the handle cylinder is reduced, damage to the grains is prevented, but many unprocessed grains are generated. However, the rotation speed of the feed chain 7 is reduced to prevent this. I do.

As shown in FIG. 7, the dust fan motor 52
The rotation speed of the dust exhaust fan 43 is controlled to the predetermined value low rotation which is set and stored in the CPU 60, and the rotation speed of the dust
In this configuration, the rotation is controlled to a predetermined value low rotation which is set to 60 and stored.

If the water content of the grain is high, the generation of straw chips and cereals will increase, and the discharging property will deteriorate, causing clogging. Increase the number of revolutions to improve the discharge performance and prevent clogging.

The detected grain moisture value detected by the grain moisture detecting device 3 is not less than a predetermined value set and stored in the CPU 60 of the control device 59 and flows down the transfer shelf 36a of the swing sorting device 35. The falling amount of the grain is measured by the grain amount sensor 35.
Based on the detected grain flow rate detected by c, the set flow rate set and stored in the CPU 60 as shown in FIG. 8 is compared with the detected grain flow rate. Corresponding to the set rotation speed which is set and stored for each flow amount, the handling cylinder 26, the feed chain 7, and the dust fan 4
In addition to controlling the number of rotations of 3, the opening / closing control of the threshing chamber resistance plate 32b is also controlled to an opening degree set and stored for each falling amount to correspond to each detected grain falling amount.

Thus, when the respective parts of the threshing machine 2 are controlled only by the grain moisture value, when the grain flow rate is small, the grain loss increases and the sorting performance may decrease. However, these can be prevented by adding and controlling the flow rate of the grain to the moisture value.

A vehicle speed sensor for detecting the traveling vehicle speed of the traveling device 6 while the detected grain moisture value detected by the grain moisture detecting device 3 is not less than a predetermined value set and stored in the CPU 60 of the control device 59. 21 is the detected vehicle speed.
When the number is equal to or less than a predetermined value set and stored in the PU 60, each part of the threshing machine 2 is controlled. The control of each unit is performed as follows.

As shown in FIG. 9, the number of rotations of the handling cylinder 26 and the second processing cylinder 28 is controlled to a predetermined value low rotation which is set and stored in the CPU 60. Thus, when the grain moisture value is high, if the rotation of the handling cylinder 26 is high, the threshing performance (grain damage) is reduced. In addition, when the traveling vehicle speed is low, it is a general idea that the threshing control is not particularly performed because the grain culm supplied is small, but the damage to the grain may increase, These can be prevented.

As shown in FIG. 10, when the traveling vehicle speed and the grain moisture value are equal to or more than the predetermined values, the CPU 60 sets and stores the gap between the chaff sheaves 36b of the rocking sorter 35 where the grain falls. In this configuration, the predetermined gaps in the plurality of stages are controlled to be narrow by one stage.

Thus, by reducing the gap through which the grains leak, the sorting performance of the grains can be improved. When the detected grain moisture value detected by the grain moisture detecting device 3 is equal to or more than a predetermined value, the vertical transfer spiral 45b of the discharge support cylinder 45a and the discharge transfer spiral 46b of the discharge auger 46a as shown in FIG. In this configuration, the number of rotations is controlled to a predetermined value low rotation which is set and stored in the CPU 60.

This makes it possible to prevent damage to the grains. The detected grain moisture value detected by the grain moisture detection device 3 is equal to or more than a predetermined value set and stored in the CPU 60 of the control device 59, and the grain flowing down the transfer shelf 36a of the rocking sorting device 35. Grain amount sensor 35c for detecting the amount
When the detected kernel amount is equal to or smaller than a predetermined amount set and stored in the CPU 60, each part of the threshing machine 2 is controlled. The control of each unit is performed as follows.

As shown in FIG. 12, the number of rotations of the blower blades 37a of the blower 37 is set in the CPU 60 and stored at a plurality of stages, and the number of rotations is controlled to be lower by one stage. When the detected grain amount is equal to or larger than a predetermined value set and stored in the CPU 60, the rotation speed of the blower blade 37a is not changed and controlled.

As shown in FIG. 13, the detected grain moisture value is
When the detected vehicle speed value detected by the vehicle speed sensor 21 of the traveling vehicle speed of the traveling device 6 is equal to or lower than the predetermined vehicle speed value set and stored in the CPU 60 while being above the predetermined grain value set and stored in the PU 60 The configuration is such that the number of rotations of the blower blades 37a of the blower 37 is controlled to one stage lower than that set and stored by the CPU 60.

As a result, even when the traveling vehicle speed is reduced, the rotation speed of the blower blade 37a is not controlled to be changed to a significantly low rotation, so that the sorting performance can be ensured.
As shown in FIG. 14, the detected grain moisture value is equal to or greater than a predetermined grain moisture value set and stored in the CPU 60,
When the detected kernel amount is equal to or less than the predetermined kernel amount set and stored in the CPU 60, the rotation speed of the handling cylinder 26, the second processing cylinder 28, and the first lifting spiral 42d in the first transfer cylinder 42c. Is set to the predetermined rotation number low rotation which is set and stored in the CPU 60.

Accordingly, when the detected grain amount is small, the threshing performance is not reduced even if the rotation of the handling cylinder 26 and the second processing cylinder 28 is reduced. In addition, since the amount of the grains is small, the transfer cylinder 42c can be transported without clogging most and the damage of the grains can be prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged sectional side view of a threshing machine.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged plan sectional view of a threshing machine.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram

FIG. 4 is an overall side view of the combine.

FIG. 5 is a control operation diagram of the threshing machine.

FIG. 6 is a control operation diagram of the threshing machine.

FIG. 7 is a control operation diagram of the threshing machine.

FIG. 8 is a control operation diagram of the threshing machine.

FIG. 9 is a control operation diagram of the threshing machine.

FIG. 10 is a control operation diagram of the threshing machine.

FIG. 11 is a control operation diagram of the threshing machine.

FIG. 12 is a control operation diagram of the threshing machine.

FIG. 13 is a control operation diagram of the threshing machine.

FIG. 14 is a control operation diagram of the threshing machine.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 threshing machine 3 grain moisture detection device 26 handling cylinder 28 second processing cylinder 35 swinging device 37 blower 59 control device

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuing from the front page (72) Inventor Hiroki Matsuzawa 1-Family Yasura, Tobe-cho, Iyo-gun, Ehime Pref. EB01 EC23 ED04 ED09 ED10 2B095 AA01 AA02 AA07 AA12 BA18 BA35 CA09 EA06 FA12 FA13 FA14 FA15 GA08 GA11 GA17

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A combine having a threshing machine 2 for threshing by receiving a harvested grain culm and a grain moisture detecting device 3 for detecting a grain moisture value on the upstream side of the threshing machine 2. A control device 59 is provided for adjusting and controlling each part of the threshing machine 2 such as the handling cylinder 26, the second processing cylinder 28, the blower 37, and the swing sorting device 35 based on the grain moisture value detected by the moisture detecting device 3. A grain moisture measuring device for a combine.