JP2001075121A - Liquid crystal display element - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a liquid crystal display element which prevents the contrast from lowering, the display picture from darkening and the viewing angle from deteriorating. SOLUTION: The liquid crystal display element is provided with laminated light controlling layers 1B, 1G, 1R having liquid crystal materials 8 adjusted so as to selectively reflect each color of B, G, R respectively. Color filter layers 91, 92, which absorb at least the color light of a specified wavelength region reflected by the one light controlling layer therefrom located closer to the external incident light side, are arranged between the neighboring light controlling layers. The transmissivity of the color filter layers 91, 92 is 10-70% in the specified wavelength region. Inclusion of a colorant in the light controlling layer is acceptable as a substitute for the color filter layer.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a liquid crystal display device, and more particularly to a liquid crystal display device having a plurality of light control layers containing a liquid crystal material exhibiting a cholesteric phase at room temperature.

[0002]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION In recent years, research and development of thin, low power consumption, bright reflective color displays have been conducted. inside that,
Reflective color displays that use selective reflection of cholesteric liquid crystal materials can not only achieve higher brightness because they do not use polarizing plates, but also can operate in a simple matrix with low power consumption because cholesteric liquid crystal materials have memory properties. It has attracted attention because it has a feature that an element can be manufactured at low cost. However, the selective reflection of the cholesteric liquid crystal has an angle dependence of the selective reflection wavelength in principle, and there is a problem that the color tone changes depending on the observation position.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art To cope with the above problems, Japanese Patent Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 10-31210 discloses a dimming method which selectively reflects light in the blue, green and red wavelength ranges in order from the incident side of external light. In a reflection type color display device having stacked layers, a reflection type color display device having a color filter layer that absorbs blue light and transmits green light and red light between blue and green dimming layers has been proposed.

However, the color filter layers provided between the respective light control layers described in the above publication have almost zero transmittance in the wavelength range absorbed by the color filter layers (see FIG. 4 of the above publication). In a display element provided with such a color filter layer, the transmittance is reduced to about 80% even in a wavelength range where the color filter layer transmits, resulting in an extremely dark display. Further, in this color filter layer, the wavelength region to be absorbed is very close to the selective reflection wavelength, and the selective reflection wavelength of each liquid crystal phase is absorbed by the color filter layer only by changing the observation angle from the front by a few degrees. There is also a problem that the display is shifted to the region and the display disappears (the viewing angle characteristic is deteriorated).

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION It is an object of the present invention to provide a liquid crystal display device in which a decrease in contrast is suppressed and a display screen is not darkened.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device which suppresses a decrease in contrast and does not reduce viewing angle characteristics.

Another object of the present invention is to provide a liquid crystal display device capable of suppressing a decrease in viewing angle characteristics and a decrease in brightness of a display screen.

[0008]

In order to achieve the above objects, the liquid crystal display device according to the first aspect of the present invention is adjusted to exhibit a cholesteric phase at room temperature and to selectively reflect color light in a specific wavelength band. A plurality of light control layers including a liquid crystal material are stacked, and each light control layer has a specific wavelength band to be reflected on the side on which external light is incident, and a light wavelength control layer having a short wavelength is stacked, and at least one of the plurality of light control layers On the side far from the external light incident side of one light control layer, there is provided a color filter means that absorbs at least the color light of a specific wavelength band reflected by the light control layer, and the transmittance of the color filter means is the light transmittance. It is 10 to 70% in the specific wavelength band reflected by the light control layer. As described above, by setting the transmittance of the color filter means to be 10 to 70% in the specific wavelength band where the light control layer reflects, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display element in which the display screen is not darkened while suppressing a decrease in contrast. It becomes possible.

Further, the liquid crystal display element according to the tenth aspect is characterized in that a plurality of light modulating layers including a liquid crystal material exhibiting a cholesteric phase at room temperature and containing a liquid crystal material adjusted to selectively reflect color light in a specific wavelength band are laminated. Each light control layer has a specific wavelength band to be reflected and a short wavelength light layer is stacked on the side on which external light is incident, and is close to the external light incident side of at least one light control layer of the plurality of light control layers. Side, or in the at least one light control layer, a color filter means that absorbs color light in a shorter wavelength band than the specific wavelength band reflected by the light control layer is provided, the color filter means, the at least From the maximum reflection wavelength of one light control layer, the half width of the specific reflection wavelength band having the maximum reflection wavelength is 1.3 to 1.5.
An absorption region is formed in a short wavelength region up to twice, and the transmittance in the absorption region is 10 to 70%. Thus, in the short wavelength range from the maximum reflection wavelength of the light control layer for the transmittance of the color filter means to 1.3 to 1.5 times the half width of the specific reflection wavelength band having the maximum reflection wavelength. 10-7
By setting it to 0%, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display element in which a decrease in contrast is suppressed and a decrease in viewing angle is suppressed.

Further, in the liquid crystal display device according to the nineteenth aspect, a plurality of dimming layers each including a liquid crystal material exhibiting a cholesteric phase at room temperature and containing a liquid crystal material adjusted to selectively reflect color light of a specific wavelength band are provided. Each light control layer has a specific wavelength band to be reflected and a short wavelength light layer is stacked on the side on which external light is incident, and is close to the external light incident side of at least one light control layer of the plurality of light control layers. Side, or in the at least one light control layer, a color filter means that absorbs color light in a shorter wavelength band than the specific wavelength band reflected by the light control layer is provided, the color filter means, the at least At least 12 wavelengths greater than the maximum reflection wavelength of one light control layer
An absorption region is formed in a short wavelength range of 0 to 150 nm,
The transmittance in the absorption region is 10 to 70%. In this way, the transmittance of the color filter layer is set to 10 in a short wavelength range of 120 to 150 nm from the maximum reflection wavelength of the target light control layer.
By setting it to 70%, it is possible to obtain a liquid crystal display element which suppresses a reduction in viewing angle and a reduction in brightness of a display screen.

In any of the above-mentioned liquid crystal display devices, the color filter means may be a color filter layer provided between light control layers or a color material contained in the light control layer. When a color filter layer is used, the position at which the color filter layer is provided can be selected, as described below, and the degree of design freedom is high. On the other hand, when a color material is used, the number of element layers (the number of components) can be reduced as compared with the case where a color filter layer is provided, and the number of manufacturing steps can be minimized. Also,
Since the number of layers is small, it is possible to provide an element which can perform a brighter display.

In any of the above-mentioned liquid crystal elements, the region where the transmittance of the color filter means is 10 to 70% may be a flat area of the spectral transmission characteristics of the color filter means, or the transmittance may be steep. It may be a falling region where the temperature falls to a minimum, or a region including both of them.

In the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, each of the dimming layers may be sandwiched between a pair of substrates. Then, a color filter layer as a color filter means is provided so that there are a total of two substrates between the adjacent dimming layers, a substrate sandwiching one dimming layer and a substrate sandwiching the other substrate. It may be provided between the two substrates. Further, the color filter layer may be provided on the side of the substrate opposite to the side in contact with the liquid crystal material. By doing so, the liquid crystal material and the color filter layer are physically separated. Therefore, elution of the components in the color filter layer into the liquid crystal material is prevented, and a liquid crystal display element in which display characteristics do not deteriorate can be obtained.

Further, in the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, the color filter layer as the color filter means is provided on the side of the substrate in contact with the liquid crystal material, so that the color filter layer effectively scatters light by the substrate. Can be suppressed.

Further, in the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, an electrode is provided on each of the pair of substrates opposed to the light control layer which sandwich the light control layer, and a color filter as a color filter means is provided between the electrode and the substrate. A layer may be provided. As a result, it is possible to prevent the voltage applied to the liquid crystal layer from being lowered by the color filter layer, and it is possible to drive at a low voltage. Further, light scattering by the substrate can be effectively suppressed.

A color filter layer as the color filter means may be provided on an electrode provided on the substrate. Thereby, scattering of light by the substrate can be effectively suppressed. Further, the color filter layer can be used as a functional film such as an insulating film, which is effective for simplifying the element configuration.

The color filter layer may be provided on a substrate opposite to the surface on which the electrodes are formed. This is advantageous for driving at a low voltage.

Further, in the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, at least one of the substrates is made of a resin film, so that a decrease in brightness caused by laminating a plurality of light control layers can be suppressed. it can.

Further, in the liquid crystal display device according to the present invention, the sealing wall is provided on the periphery of the pair of substrates constituting each light control layer, so that the liquid crystal material can be easily filled between the substrates. The liquid crystal material can be prevented from contacting the outside air, and the deterioration of display characteristics can be reduced.

Further, in the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention, at least at a desired position in the display area, a resin structure for bonding and supporting a pair of substrates constituting each light control layer is provided. The gap between the substrates of the layers can be kept uniform, and a liquid crystal display element with very little display unevenness can be manufactured.

Further, in the liquid crystal display element according to the present invention, the inter-substrate gap can be defined by the spacer diameter by arranging the spacer between the pair of substrates constituting each light control layer. A liquid crystal display element with less unevenness between substrates can be manufactured.

Further, when the spacer is a fixed spacer, even when a large substrate or a film substrate is used, the spacer is difficult to move, so that the gap between the substrates is less varied and display unevenness is less likely to change with time. here,
The fixed spacer refers to a spacer that is bonded (fixed) to a pair of substrates after the spacer is sandwiched between the substrates.
Examples of such a fixed spacer include one in which glass beads are coated with an adhesive resin, and one in which the entire spacer is formed of a thermoplastic resin.

[0023]

Embodiments of a liquid crystal display device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

(First Embodiment) In the first embodiment, a liquid crystal display device using cholesteric liquid crystal will be described. FIG. 1 shows a cross section of the liquid crystal display element according to the first embodiment. This liquid crystal display element has three light control layers 1B, 1G,
1R are laminated. Each light control layer is sandwiched between a pair of substrates 11a and 11b, respectively, and a blue display cell 40 is provided.
B, a green display cell 40G and a red display cell 40R are formed. Between each cell, a color filter layer 91,
92 are interposed. Of the three light control layers, light control layer 1
A color filter layer 91 is provided between B and 1G, and a color filter layer 92 is provided between the dimming layers 1G and 1R. A plurality of strip electrodes 12 are provided on the substrates 11a and 11b.
a and 12b are formed, and the substrates 11a and 11b
Insulating films 13a and 13b are provided as necessary on the upper side on which the strip electrodes 12a and 12b are formed, and alignment layers 14a and 14b are formed thereon as necessary.

A resin structure 15 and a spacer 16 are disposed between the substrates 11a and 11b. The resin structure 15 adheres and supports the substrates 11a and 11b, and the spacer 16 defines a gap between the substrates. Further, the substrate 11
The peripheral portions of a and 11b are sealed by a seal wall 17 made of a resin material. The seal wall 17 may include a spacer.

The liquid crystal material 8 used in the first embodiment is adjusted to exhibit a cholesteric phase at room temperature and selectively reflect color light in a specific wavelength band. , 1R is the side on which external light is incident (see arrow A)
The layers are stacked such that a specific wavelength band that reflects light becomes shorter in wavelength. The color filter layer 91 provided between the light control layers 1B and 1G and the color filter layer 92 provided between the light control layers 1G and 1R each have a specific wavelength at which the light control layer near the external light incident side reflects. It is a characteristic that absorbs at least the color light in the band, and the transmittance is 10% in each specific wavelength band.
７０70%.

Further, on the side opposite to the side where external light is incident,
A black light absorbing layer 10 is provided.

Such a liquid crystal display device can be manufactured as follows (see FIG. 2). First, a process for manufacturing each liquid crystal cell 40 will be described.

A plurality of strip electrodes 12 are formed on a transparent substrate 11 (see FIG. 2A). For example, after forming an Indium Tin Oxide (ITO) film on the substrate 11 by a sputtering method or the like, the strip electrodes 12 are patterned by a photolithography method to form a plurality of strip electrodes. here,
The substrate 11 only needs to be transparent, and glass, resin, or the like can be used.

After forming a plurality of strip-shaped transparent electrodes 12,
If necessary, a transparent insulating film 13 may be formed (see FIG. 2B). The insulating film 13 can be formed by sputtering silicon oxide or the like by a sputtering method, a spin coating method, a dip coating method, a flexographic printing method, or the like. By providing the insulating film 13, after bonding the pair of substrates 11, a short circuit between the upper and lower electrodes 12 and the electrode 12 are physically scraped or chemically contaminated with a chemical or moisture in the air. Can be prevented.

Next, an alignment film 14 is formed if necessary (see FIG. 2C). The alignment film 14 can be formed by using an inorganic material such as silicon oxide or an organic material such as polyimide by a sputtering method, a spin coating method, a roll coating method, a flexographic printing method, or the like. Usually, this alignment film 14 is used without performing a rubbing process. Providing the alignment film 14 is advantageous in that a certain degree of anchoring effect can be given to the liquid crystal molecules, and that the characteristics of the liquid crystal display element can be prevented from changing over time.

Next, the resin structure 1 is placed on one of the substrates 11b.
5 (see FIG. 2D). A method of printing a thermoplastic resin or a polymerizable resin by a printing method using a screen plate or a metal mask, a method of printing a photosensitive resin by a spin coating method, a roll coating method, a die coater, or the like.
The resin structure 15 can be formed by photolithography or the like, which is applied on the substrate 1b, exposed through a photomask, and then developed.

On the other hand, spacers 16 are scattered on the substrate 11a (see FIG. 2 (D ')). As the spacer 16, various spacers can be used as long as they are generally used as a spacer for a liquid crystal display element. A spacer made of silica as an inorganic material or divinylbenzene as an organic material is preferable. Can be used. Spacer 1
The method of spraying 6 may be either wet or dry.
Any of known spacer dispersing methods such as flexographic printing and disposition using a die coater can be used.

Next, a sealing wall 17 made of a resin material is appropriately provided on at least one peripheral portion of the substrates 11a and 11b (see FIG. 2E). Any known method such as a screen printing method and a dispenser method can be used. At this time, an inlet for the liquid crystal material 8 is provided if necessary.

Next, the pair of substrates 11a and 11b are overlapped and bonded with their electrode forming surfaces facing each other such that the plurality of strip electrodes 12a and 12b cross each other (FIG. 2).
(F)).

Next, the liquid crystal material 8 is injected. As the injection method, a known vacuum injection method or a drop injection method can be used. In the drop injection method, after the injection, the seal wall 17 is solidified to seal the liquid crystal material 8. Also, if you have an inlet,
After the liquid crystal material is injected, the injection port is sealed with an ultraviolet curing resin or the like.

As the liquid crystal material, a liquid crystal material exhibiting a cholesteric phase near room temperature is used. Here, the liquid crystal material exhibiting a cholesteric phase near room temperature includes a chiral nematic liquid crystal material obtained by adding a chiral material to a nematic liquid crystal material. Further, the substrate may be heated during the injection. Generally, a liquid crystal material exhibiting a cholesteric phase has a high viscosity at room temperature, and thus can be easily injected by heating the substrate at the time of injection. At this time, the heating temperature of the substrate can be arbitrarily set, but is preferably higher than the transition temperature of the liquid crystal material to the isotropic phase. By injecting the liquid crystal material in an isotropic phase with reduced viscosity, the injection can be facilitated, and the occurrence of a composition distribution of the liquid crystal material in the substrate during the injection can be reduced.

In the case of the drop injection method, a pair of substrates 1
Before the superposition of the substrates 1a and 11b, the liquid crystal material 8 is
It is dropped on at least one of the electrode forming surfaces 1a and 11b. For example, various uniform coating methods such as a method of directly dropping the liquid crystal material 8 from a bottle onto a substrate, a method of injecting the liquid crystal material 8 from a nozzle-like outlet, a roll coating method, and a bar coating method can be used.

As shown in FIG. 3, the liquid crystal material 8 is dropped on one end of one substrate 11b, and one end of the substrate 11b is overlapped with one end of the other substrate 11a.
When the liquid crystal material 8 is overlapped while being heated and pressed by the rollers 31 and 32 toward the other ends of the substrates 1 and 11b,
The entire area between 1a and 11b may be filled. This can reduce the entrapment of air bubbles in the liquid crystal material 8 that occurs when the substrates 11a and 11b are overlapped. The method of superposing the substrates and filling the liquid crystal material while pressing the liquid crystal material is particularly useful when a resin film substrate is used.

The color filter layers 91 and 92 provided between the three types of dimming layers 1B, 1G and 1R including the liquid crystal material 8 prepared so as to have different selective reflection wavelengths are formed by the above method. When the dimming layers 1B, 1G, and 1R are stacked such that the specific wavelength band to be reflected has a shorter wavelength as the side on which the external light is incident, the adjacent one of the dimming layers is closer to the external light incident side. At least absorbs the color light of the specific wavelength band reflected by the light control layer, and has a transmittance of 10 to 70% in the specific wavelength band. The color filter layers 91 and 92 need not necessarily be provided between the substrates, and may be located at any position between adjacent liquid crystal layers, and the substrate itself may be colored. Further, it may be produced by any means and process such as a screen printing method, a spin coating method, a roll coating method, a flexographic printing method, a die coating method and the like.

Further, it is not necessary to directly form a color filter layer on the substrates 11a and 11b. Instead, a color filter layer is formed on a desired base material in advance, and then the color filter layer is formed on a substrate constituting the present liquid crystal display device. The color filter layer may be transferred. By using such a method, the yield at the time of forming the color filter layer is improved, and the color filter layer can be manufactured efficiently.

A black light absorbing layer 10 is provided on the substrate on the opposite side of the external light incident side (the back surface of the lowermost substrate 11b of the display element).
Is provided. In addition, if the light absorption layer 10 is also on the substrate on the side opposite to the incident side of the external light, it may be on the liquid crystal material side of the substrate, on the outside, or the substrate itself may be colored black. . Various materials can be used as the material of the light absorbing layer 10 as long as it can absorb light, and any means such as a screen printing method, a spin coating method, a roll coating method, a flexographic printing method, and a die coating method can be used. And the process.

The light control layers 1R, 1R,
1G and 1B are laminated so that a specific wavelength band that reflects the outside light on the incident side becomes a short wavelength, and a liquid crystal display element is manufactured.

Although the first embodiment has described the liquid crystal display device of the simple matrix drive system,
Transistor (TFT) and Metal Insulator Metal
An active matrix driving type liquid crystal display element having an active element such as (MIM) may be used.

Example 1 In Example 1, the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment will be described in more detail. In the first embodiment, a color filter layer that absorbs color light of a specific wavelength band reflected by the dimming layer closer to the external light incident side and has a transmittance of 10 to 70% in the specific wavelength band State.

FIG. 4 shows a cross section of the liquid crystal display device manufactured as the first embodiment. The difference between the liquid crystal display element shown in FIG. 1 and the liquid crystal display element shown in FIG.
The adhesive layer 7 is interposed between the liquid crystal cells for displaying each color including 1G and 1G and 1R, the resin structure 15 is omitted, and the spacer 16 is mixed in the seal wall 17.

In the first embodiment, the selective reflection wavelength peak is 4
50 nm (B), 550 nm (G), 680 nm (R)
The liquid crystal materials prepared as follows are used, and the spectral reflectance of each liquid crystal material is prepared as shown by curves B, G, and R in FIG. On the other hand, between the light control layers 1B and 1G, FIG.
A color filter layer 91 having transmittance characteristics shown in FIG. 7 is provided, and a color filter layer 92 having transmittance characteristics shown in FIG. 7 is provided between the dimming layers 1G and 1R.

Here, each color filter layer 91, 92
Are provided on the light incident side on the outside light incident side, respectively.
If the specific wavelength band in which these two layers selectively reflect is up to a point where the reflectance is half of the peak selective reflection wavelength, the light control layer 1B will
85 nm, and 505 to 595 nm for the dimming layer 1G. Therefore, as the color filter layer 91 between the dimming layers 1B and 1G, one having a transmittance of at least 10 to 70% in a wavelength region of 410 to 485 nm is used.
The color filter layer 92 between 1R has a transmittance of at least 10 in a wavelength range of 505 to 595 nm.
70% was used.

Next, the manufacturing process of the first embodiment will be described with reference to FIG. First, a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal cell 40R including the light control layer 1R will be described. Substrate 11a,
For 11b, 7059 glass (manufactured by Corning) having a thickness of 0.75 mm was used. The color filter layer 92 was formed on the substrate 11a, and the light absorbing layer 10 was formed on the substrate 11b (see FIGS. 8A and 8A). The method for producing the color filter layer 92 and the light absorbing layer 10 is as follows.

For the color filter layer, a red pigment-dispersed resist (CR-7001, manufactured by Fuji Film Ohlin Co.) was applied on the substrate 11a to a thickness of 600 nm by spin coating. The light absorbing layer was formed by applying a black pigment-dispersed resist (CFPR BK-730ST-4, manufactured by Tokyo Ohka Kogyo Co., Ltd.) to a thickness of 1.2 μm on the substrate 11b by spin coating. After the application, it was baked at 200 ° C. to form the color filter layer 92 and the light absorbing layer 10.

Next, a thin film of ITO was formed to a thickness of 70 nm on the substrates 11a and 11b by sputtering.
On both the substrates 11a and 11b, ITO was sputtered on the side opposite to the previously formed color filter layer 92 and light absorbing layer 10. Next, a strip-shaped transparent electrode 12 having a width of 280 μm and an interval of 20 μm is formed by a photolithography process.
a and 12b were produced (see FIGS. 8B and 8B).

Next, insulating films 13a and 13b were formed (see FIGS. 8C and 8C). The insulating film is formed to a thickness of 100 nm by a spin coating method using a polysilazane solution (L110, manufactured by Tonen Co.), and placed in a thermostat at 250 ° C.
Heated for 2 hours. Next, as alignment layers 14a and 14b,
AL4552 (JSR) 50n by spin coating
m and heated in a thermostat at 180 ° C. for 1 hour (see FIGS. 8D and 8D).

Next, as shown in FIG.
A μm spacer 16 (Micropearl SP-207, manufactured by Sekisui Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.) was sprayed on the substrate 11a.
The spacer 16 was dispersed in a solvent of water: isopropanol = 8: 2 vol / vol, and sprayed onto the substrate 11a from a spray bottle. Further, on the substrate 11a, a mixture of a spacer 16 (micropearl SP-207) having a particle size of 7 μm in a sealant (Structbond XN-21-S, manufactured by Mitsui Toatsu Co., Ltd.) is applied to a liquid crystal sealant. Equipment (MLC
-III, manufactured by Musashi Engineering Co., Ltd.)
The seal wall 17 was formed by drawing on the periphery of “a”. At this time, an opening for a liquid crystal material injection port was provided. Such substrates 11a and 11b were overlapped so that the electrode forming surfaces faced each other (see FIG. 8F). At this time, the strip electrode 12
a and 12b are made to be orthogonal.

The superposed substrates 11a and 11b are sandwiched between stainless steel flat substrates whose surfaces are polished, and a load of 0.3 kg / cm 2 is applied from above the stainless flat substrate.
The substrates 11a and 11 are placed in a thermostat at 150 ° C. for 90 minutes.
b. Then, the power of the thermostat was turned off, and the thermostat was cooled to room temperature in the thermostat with the load applied.

Next, a liquid crystal material 8 was injected. As a liquid crystal material, E44 containing 30 wt% of chiral material CB15 (both manufactured by Merck) was injected by a known vacuum injection method.
After injecting the liquid crystal material 8, an ultraviolet curable resin (Photorec A)
-704-60, manufactured by Sekisui Fine Chemical Co., Ltd.) was applied to the injection port and irradiated with ultraviolet rays to seal.

In the same manner as described above, liquid crystal cells 40G and 40B each including the light control layers 1G and 1B were also manufactured. In the light control layer 1G, the liquid crystal material contains 40% by weight of a chiral material CB15.
44 (both manufactured by Merck) was used. Further, in the liquid crystal cell 40G including the light control layer 1G, no light absorption layer is formed, and the color filter layer 91 is formed of a yellow pigment dispersion resist (CY).
-S639, manufactured by Fuji Film Ohlin Co., Ltd.). In the light control layer 1B, the liquid crystal material is a chiral agent CB15.
Of E44 (both manufactured by Merck) was used. In the liquid crystal cell 40B including the light control layer 1B, neither the light absorbing layer nor the color filter layer was formed.

Next, liquid crystal cells 40R, 40G, and 40B each including the light control layers 1R, 1G, and 1B were stacked. The liquid crystal cell 40 is formed on the color filter layer 92 of the liquid crystal cell 40R.
Substrate 11b on which no G color filter layer is formed
To form a liquid crystal cell 40B on the color filter layer 91 of the liquid crystal cell 40G. An antireflection film or the like may be provided on the outside light incident side of the liquid crystal cell 40B. Each liquid crystal cell 40R,
Between 40G and 40G, 40B, thermosetting resin SE1
An appropriate amount of a mixture of 885A and SE1885B (both manufactured by Dow Corning Toray Silicone Co., Ltd.) at a ratio of 1: 1 was applied (adhesive layer 7), and bonded at 50 ° C. for 4 hours in a thermostat.

Thus, a cholesteric liquid crystal display device was manufactured. The manufactured device had a high contrast and the display could be clearly confirmed.

Example 2 In Example 2, a film substrate was used in the liquid crystal display device of the first embodiment. The element configuration is the same as that of the first embodiment, except that the substrates 11a and 11b are replaced by a resin film substrate with an ITO film instead of a glass substrate.

The method of fabricating this element will be described below, focusing on differences from Example 1. First, a method for manufacturing the liquid crystal cell 40R including the light control layer 1R will be described. The film substrates 11a and 11b with the ITO film are made of a polyethersulfone (PES) substrate (Sumilite FS) having a thickness of 0.1 mm.
T5352, manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.). The red color filter layer and the light absorption layer were the same as those in Example 1, and were formed on the opposite side of the already formed ITO film forming surface of the substrate by the same method as in Example 1.

Next, a plurality of strip electrodes 12a and 12b having a width of 280 μm and an interval of 20 μm were formed on the ITO film by a photolithography process. Further, in the same manner as in Example 1, an insulating film and an alignment film were provided, spacers were scattered, a sealing wall 17 was arranged, and the substrates were bonded to each other.

In the liquid crystal cell 40G including the light control layer 1G, the same yellow color filter layer 91 as that of Example 1 was provided outside the substrate, and the light absorbing layer was not provided. In the liquid crystal cell 40B including the light control layer 1B, neither the color filter layer nor the light absorbing layer was provided as in Example 1.

The liquid crystal cells 40R, 40G, and 40B respectively including the light control layers 1R, 1G, and 1B were laminated in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce a cholesteric liquid crystal display device.

The liquid crystal display device thus manufactured was light because the substrate was made of a resin film, and was thin, so that even when laminated, it was possible to display a bright display with almost no decrease in reflectance.

Example 3 In Example 3, a color filter layer was provided on the side of the substrate which was in contact with the liquid crystal material. The liquid crystal display element manufactured as Example 3 is the same as Example 2 except that a film substrate was used.
As shown in FIG. 7, a color filter layer similar to that of Example 1 was provided instead of the insulating film of Example 1, and the color filter layers 91a and 92a also functioned as an insulating film. Further, a light absorbing layer similar to that of Example 1 was provided instead of the other insulating film of the liquid crystal cell 40R, and this light absorbing layer 10a also functioned as an insulating film. Other configurations are the same as those of the second embodiment.

Hereinafter, portions of the manufacturing method different from those in Embodiment 2 will be described. First, the liquid crystal cell 40R including the dimming layer 1R
Will be described with reference to FIG. The film substrates 1a and 1b with the ITO film are a polyether sulfone (PES) substrate (Sumilite FST5) having a thickness of 0.1 mm.
352, manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.). This ITO
A plurality of strip electrodes 12a and 12b having a width of 280 μm and an interval of 20 μm were formed on the film by using a photolithography process (see FIGS. 10A and 10A).

Next, a red color filter layer 92a and a light absorbing layer 10a were formed on the electrode forming surfaces of the substrates 11a and 11b (see FIGS. 10B and 10B). Here, the light absorption layer 10a is also provided on the liquid crystal material side of the substrate 11b. In this case, the light absorption layer 10a can also serve as the other insulating film. However, both the color filter layer 92a and the light absorbing layer 10a are provided on the substrates 11a and 11b.
Need not be provided on the liquid crystal material side of the substrate, as long as at least the red color filter layer 92a is provided on the liquid crystal material side of the substrate.

In the liquid crystal cell 40G including the dimming layer 1G, the same yellow color filter layer 91a as in the first embodiment was provided on the liquid crystal material side of the substrate 11a, and the light absorbing layer was not provided (FIG. 10D). reference). Liquid crystal cell 40 including light control layer 1B
B had neither a color filter layer nor a light absorbing layer as in Example 1 (see FIG. 10E).

The liquid crystal cells 40R, 40G, and 40B respectively including the light control layers 1R, 1G, and 1B were laminated in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce a cholesteric liquid crystal display device.

In the liquid crystal display device thus manufactured, the insulating film material can be used also for the color filter layer, and the number of parts can be reduced, so that the manufacturing cost can be reduced. Further, since the scattered component of the reflected light can be cut before passing through the thickest substrate among the constituent members, a decrease in contrast due to an increase in the scattered component when passing through the substrate can be suppressed.

(Embodiment 4) In this embodiment 4, a color filter layer is provided between the substrate and the strip electrode on the side of the substrate in contact with the liquid crystal material.

The liquid crystal display device manufactured as Example 4
The point that a glass substrate is used is the same as that of the first embodiment, but as shown in FIG. 11, color filter layers 91b and 92b are formed on the substrate 11a of the liquid crystal cells 40G and 40R, respectively.
b provided on the substrate 11b of the liquid crystal cell 40R.
0b was provided. Other configurations are the same as in the first embodiment.

Hereinafter, portions of the manufacturing method different from those in the first embodiment will be described. First, the liquid crystal cell 40R including the dimming layer 1R
Will be described with reference to FIG. Transparent 7
059 glass substrates (manufactured by Corning Incorporated) 11a and 11b were each provided with a red color filter layer 9 as in Example 1.
2b and a light absorbing layer 10b were produced (FIG. 12A,
(A ')). Next, an ITO film is formed on the color filter layer 92b and the light absorbing layer 10b by sputtering.
It was formed to a thickness of nm. This ITO film was patterned to a width of 280 μm and an interval of 20 μm by using a photolithography process to form a plurality of strip electrodes 12a and 12b (see FIGS. 12B and 12B). The following manufacturing method
This is similar to the first embodiment.

The liquid crystal cell 40G including the dimming layer 1G is provided with the same yellow color filter layer 91b as in the first embodiment.
The light absorbing layer was provided between 1a and the plurality of strip electrodes 12a, and no light absorbing layer was provided (see FIG. 12D). In the liquid crystal cell 40B including the light control layer 1B, neither the color filter layer nor the light absorbing layer was provided as in Example 1 (see FIG. 12E).

The liquid crystal cells 40R, 40G, and 40B each including the dimming layers 1R, 1G, and 1B were laminated in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce a cholesteric liquid crystal display device.

The liquid crystal display device thus manufactured can cut the scattered component of the reflected light before passing through the thickest substrate among the constituent members, thereby suppressing a decrease in contrast due to an increase in the scattered component when passing through the substrate. And the liquid crystal material can be driven at a low voltage because there is no loss of the applied voltage to the liquid crystal material due to the color filter layer provided on the electrode.

In the fourth embodiment, the light-absorbing layer 10b is also provided between the substrate 11b and the plurality of strip-shaped electrodes 12b, but this is not always necessary, and the light-absorbing layer 10b is formed on the outer surface of the substrate 11b. Even if it is performed, it has little effect as a factor for increasing the scattering component of the reflected light.

(Embodiment 5) In Embodiment 5, a resin structure is provided for bonding and supporting a pair of substrates facing each other at a desired position in the display area of each light control layer.

The liquid crystal display device manufactured as Example 5
As shown in FIG. 13, the configuration is the same as that of the second embodiment except that a resin structure 15 is provided on each of the light control layers 1R, 1G, and 1B.

Hereinafter, portions of the manufacturing method different from those in Embodiment 2 will be described. First, the liquid crystal cell 40R including the dimming layer 1R
Will be described with reference to FIG. Thickness 0.
PES substrate with 1mm ITO film (Sumilite FST5
352, manufactured by Sumitomo Bakelite Co., Ltd.) Electrodes 12a, 12b, insulating films 13a, 13b, alignment film 14 on 11a, 11b
The steps up to the formation of a and 14b are the same as those in the second embodiment (see FIGS. 14A and 14A).

Next, a resin structure 15 was formed on the alignment film 14b of the substrate 11b by using a screen plate.
(B ')). The screen plate used was an oil-repellent type MS-ER plate MS-290B (manufactured by Murakami). The resin permeable portion has a diameter of 50 μm, a pitch of 200 μm,
The thickness was 35 μm. The printing is a screen printing machine MT3
Using 20TV (manufactured by Microtec), a thermoplastic resin stay stick 371 (manufactured by Techno Alpha) was printed. As a result, the printed resin structure 15 has a diameter of 6
0 μm, pitch 200 μm, height 8 μm.

On the other hand, as shown in FIG.
The same spacer 16 as in Example 1 is formed on the alignment film 14a of FIG.
And the same sealing agent as in Example 1 is applied to form a sealing wall 17, and a pair of substrates 11a and 11b are formed in the same manner.
Were pasted together. The following manufacturing method is the same as in Example 2.

The liquid crystal cell 40G including the dimming layer 1G was provided with the same yellow color filter layer 91 as in Example 1, but without the light absorbing layer (see FIG. 14D). Light control layer 1
In the liquid crystal cell 40B containing B, neither the color filter layer nor the light absorbing layer was provided as in Example 1 (FIG. 14E).
reference).

The liquid crystal cells 40R, 40G, and 40B each including the dimming layers 1R, 1G, and 1B were laminated in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce a cholesteric liquid crystal display device.

In the liquid crystal display device thus manufactured, the gap between the substrates was uniform and the display unevenness was extremely small.

(Embodiment 6) In this embodiment 6, the spacer 1
Reference numeral 6 denotes a fixing spacer. The fixed spacer is an ordinary spacer coated with a thermoplastic resin, a polymerizable resin, or the like, and is sprayed on the substrate and then fixed on the substrate via the coated resin by heating or irradiating light. is there.

The liquid crystal display device manufactured as Example 6
The configuration is the same as that of the second embodiment, except that a fixing spacer in which the spacer for determining the gap between the substrates is fixed to the surface of the substrate is used.

Hereinafter, portions of the manufacturing method different from those in Embodiment 2 will be described. A method for manufacturing the liquid crystal cell 40R including the light control layer 1R will be described. Size 300 × 200 × 0.1mm
PES substrate with ITO film (Sumilite FST535)
2. Electrode 1 on 11a, 11b
2a, 12b, insulating films 13a, 13b, alignment films 14a,
The steps up to the formation of 14b are the same as in the second embodiment.

Next, fixed spacers (Hypressica N3M14, Ube Nitto Kasei) having an average particle diameter of 7 μm are formed on the alignment film 14b of the substrate 11b by using a wet spacer disperser SEC-SPM-N1 (manufactured by SE Corporation). Was sprayed. After spraying the spacer 16, the substrate 11b is heated in a thermostat at 150 ° C. for 90 minutes, and the spacer 1b is placed on the substrate 1b.
6 was fixed.

Subsequently, the same sealing agent as in Example 1 was applied on the substrate 11b to form a sealing wall 17, and the pair of substrates 11a and 11b were bonded in the same manner. The following manufacturing method is the same as in Example 2.

The liquid crystal cell 40G including the dimming layer 1G was provided with the same yellow color filter layer 91 as in Example 1, but without the light absorbing layer. Liquid crystal cell 40 including light control layer 1B
B had neither a color filter layer nor a light absorbing layer as in Example 1.

The liquid crystal cells 40R, 40G, and 40B each including the light control layers 1R, 1G, and 1B were laminated in the same manner as in Example 1 to produce a cholesteric liquid crystal display device.

The liquid crystal display device thus manufactured is a device using a large-sized substrate, but has a uniform gap between the substrates and has little display unevenness even after a long time.

(Second Embodiment) In a second embodiment, a liquid crystal display device using cholesteric liquid crystal will be described.

In the second embodiment, the color filter layer in the first embodiment absorbs color light in a wavelength range shorter than the specific wavelength band reflected by the light control layer far from the external light incident side. At least an absorption region is formed in a short wavelength region from the maximum reflection wavelength of the light control layer far from the light incident side to 1.3 to 1.5 times the half width of the specific reflection wavelength band having the maximum reflection wavelength. , The transmittance in the absorption region is 10
７０70% is used.

The liquid crystal display device manufactured according to the second embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the color filter layer has the above-described configuration.

For example, when the liquid crystal material shown in the first embodiment is used, the transmittance characteristics of the color filter layer used in the second embodiment are those having the transmittance characteristics shown in FIGS. Good. FIG. 15 shows the light control layers 1G and 1
FIG. 16 shows the characteristics of the color filter layer 92 disposed between the light control layers 1B and 1G.

The color filter layer having such transmission characteristics can be realized by using, for example, the following materials. The color filter layer provided between the light control layers 1G and 1R is CRY-S747 manufactured by Fuji Film Ohlin Co., and the color filter layer provided between the light control layers 1B and 1G is used by CFPR Y-100 manufactured by Tokyo Ohka Kogyo. It is feasible.

The method of manufacturing the liquid crystal display device manufactured according to the second embodiment, including the method of manufacturing the color filter layer, can be manufactured in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 6 of the first embodiment.

In the manufactured liquid crystal display device, a decrease in contrast was suppressed, and a decrease in viewing angle was suppressed.

(Third Embodiment) In the third embodiment, a liquid crystal display device using cholesteric liquid crystal will be described.

In the third embodiment, the color filter layer in the first embodiment absorbs color light in a shorter wavelength band than a specific wavelength band reflected by the light control layer far from the outside light incident side. An example in which an absorption region is formed in a wavelength region shorter by 100 to 150 nm than the maximum reflection wavelength of the light control layer far from the light incident side and the transmittance in the absorption region is 10 to 70% will be described.

The liquid crystal display device manufactured according to the third embodiment is the same as the first embodiment except that the color filter layer has the above-described configuration.

For example, in the case where the liquid crystal material shown in the first embodiment is used, the transmittance characteristics of the color filter layer used in the third embodiment are those having the transmittance characteristics shown in FIGS. Good. FIG. 17 shows the light control layers 1G and 1
FIG. 18 shows the characteristics of the color filter layer 92 disposed between R and the characteristics of the color filter layer 91 disposed between the light control layers 1B and 1G.

A color filter layer having such transmission characteristics can be realized by using, for example, the following materials. The color filter layer provided between the light control layers 1G and 1R is realized by CRY-S778 made by Fuji Film Ohlin Co., and the color filter layer provided between the light control layers 1B and 1G is realized by CY-565 manufactured by Fuji Film Olin Co. It is possible.

The method for manufacturing the liquid crystal display device manufactured according to the third embodiment can be manufactured in the same manner as in Examples 1 to 6 of the first embodiment, including the color filter layer.

The manufactured liquid crystal display device was a liquid crystal display device in which a reduction in the viewing angle and a reduction in the brightness of the display screen were suppressed.

Comparative Example In this comparative example, a conventional liquid crystal display device using a color filter layer having spectral transmittance characteristics will be described. The structure of the device is the same as that of the first embodiment, but the spectral transmittance characteristics of the color filter layer are the same as those of the color filter layer disposed between the dimming layers 1G and 1R as shown in FIG. To the light control layer 1
As the color filter layer disposed between B and 1G, those having the transmittance characteristics shown in FIG. 20 were used.

As is clear from FIGS. 19 and 20, the spectral characteristics of any of the color filter layers are such that the transmittance is less than 10% in a specific wavelength band where the light control layer on the side where external light is incident reflects. The transmittance is 10% in a short wavelength range from 1.3 to 1.5 times the half width of the specific reflection wavelength band from a specific wavelength band reflected by the light control layer far from the external light incident side.
And a transmittance of less than 10% in a short wavelength range of 120 to 150 nm from the maximum reflection wavelength of the light control layer far from the external light incident side. The method of manufacturing the element was the same as in Example 1.

The viewing angle characteristics of the manufactured liquid crystal display device were evaluated by measuring the contrast at each viewing angle.

[0111]

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the contrast of the liquid crystal display device of the comparative example is significantly reduced particularly when observed obliquely. The contrast was measured by irradiating the device with incident light from a direction inclined by 20 ° from the normal line, and setting the intensity of the light reflected by the device to 0% from the normal direction in each of the white and black display cases. ° and 5
The ratio was obtained by measuring at a position of 0 °.

The liquid crystal display device according to the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiment, but may be variously modified within the scope of the invention.

For example, in each of the above embodiments, the present invention has been described by taking as an example a form in which a color filter layer is provided between light control layers as the color filter means. However, the color filter means is not limited to this. For example,
The color material contained in the light control layer itself may be used. in this case,
The light control layer B is made of a color material that cuts light in the ultraviolet region and transmits light in the visible light region, and the light control layer G is a light material that cuts light in the blue region and transmits light in the green and red regions. A color material may be mixed into the light control layer R with a color material that cuts light in the green region and transmits light in the red region.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a sectional view showing a basic configuration of a liquid crystal display element according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing a manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a manufacturing process of the liquid crystal display element.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a liquid crystal display element manufactured as Example 1.

FIG. 5 is a graph showing the spectral reflectance of each liquid crystal material in Example 1.

FIG. 6 is a graph showing transmittance characteristics of a color filter layer provided between a B layer and a G layer in Example 1.

FIG. 7 is a graph showing transmittance characteristics of a color filter layer provided between a G layer and an R layer in Example 1.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of Example 1.

FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a liquid crystal display element manufactured as Example 3.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of Example 3.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a liquid crystal display element manufactured as Example 4.

FIG. 12 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of Example 4.

FIG. 13 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a liquid crystal display element manufactured as Example 5.

FIG. 14 is an explanatory diagram illustrating a manufacturing process of Example 5.

FIG. 15 is a graph showing transmittance characteristics of a color filter layer provided between a G layer and an R layer in a liquid crystal display device according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 16 is a graph showing transmittance characteristics of a color filter layer provided between a B layer and a G layer in the liquid crystal display device according to the second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 17 is a graph showing transmittance characteristics of a color filter layer provided between a G layer and an R layer in a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a graph showing transmittance characteristics of a color filter layer provided between a B layer and a G layer in a liquid crystal display device according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a graph showing transmittance characteristics of a color filter layer provided between a G layer and an R layer in a liquid crystal display element as a comparative example.

FIG. 20 is a graph showing transmittance characteristics of a color filter layer provided between a B layer and a G layer in a liquid crystal display element as a comparative example.

[Explanation of symbols]

1B, 1G, 1R: Light control layer 11a, 11b: Substrate 91, 92, 91a, 91b, 92a, 92b: Color filter layer 8: Liquid crystal layer 15: Resin structure 16: Spacer 17: Seal wall

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) G09F 9/30 349 G02F 1/137 505

Claims (32)

[Claims] 1. A light control layer comprising a liquid crystal material which exhibits a cholesteric phase at room temperature and is adjusted to selectively reflect color light of a specific wavelength band is laminated, and each light control layer receives external light. On the side, the specific wavelength band to be reflected is stacked with a short wavelength, and the light control layer is reflected on a side of at least one light control layer of the plurality of light control layers that is far from the external light incident side. Color filter means for absorbing at least the color light of the specific wavelength band is provided, the transmittance of the color filter means,
10 to 70% in the specific wavelength band reflected by the light control layer
A liquid crystal display device characterized by the following. 2. The color filter device according to claim 1, wherein the color filter means is a color material contained in a light control layer provided on a side of the at least one light control layer far from an external light incident side. Liquid crystal display element. 3. The color filter means is a color filter layer provided between the at least one light control layer and a light control layer provided on a side of the light control layer far from an external light incident side. 2. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 1, wherein: 4. A total of two substrates, that is, a substrate sandwiching one light adjusting layer and a substrate sandwiching the other substrate, are present between adjacent light adjusting layers. 4. The liquid crystal according to claim 3, wherein the liquid crystal is provided between two substrates existing between the at least one light control layer and a light control layer provided on a side far from the external light incident side. Display element. 5. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 3, wherein each of the light control layers is sandwiched between a pair of substrates. 6. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein the color filter layer is provided on a side of the substrate opposite to a side in contact with the liquid crystal material. 7. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein the color filter layer is provided on a side of the substrate in contact with the liquid crystal material. 8. The liquid crystal display according to claim 5, wherein an electrode is provided on each of the surfaces of the pair of substrates facing the light control layer, and the color filter layer is provided on the electrodes. element. 9. An electrode is provided on each surface of the pair of substrates facing the light control layer, and the color filter layer is provided on a substrate opposite to the surface on which the electrodes are formed. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 5, wherein 10. A plurality of light control layers each including a liquid crystal material exhibiting a cholesteric phase at room temperature and adjusted to selectively reflect color light in a specific wavelength band, and external light enters each light control layer. On the side, a specific wavelength band to be reflected is laminated with a short wavelength, and the side close to the external light incident side of at least one of the plurality of light control layers, or the at least one light control layer Within, there is provided a color filter means for absorbing color light in a shorter wavelength band than the specific wavelength band reflected by the light control layer, the color filter means, from the maximum reflection wavelength of the at least one light control layer The absorption region is formed in a short wavelength range of 1.3 to 1.5 times the half width of the specific reflection wavelength band having the maximum reflection wavelength, and the transmittance in the absorption region is 10 to 70%. Liquid crystal characterized by the following示素Ko. 11. The color filter device according to claim 10, wherein the color filter means is a color material contained in a light control layer provided on a side of the at least one light control layer near an external light incident side. Liquid crystal display element. 12. A color filter layer provided between the at least one light control layer and a light control layer provided on the side of the light control layer near the outside light incidence side. 11. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 10, wherein: 13. Between two adjacent light control layers, there are a total of two substrates, a substrate holding one light control layer and a substrate holding the other substrate, and the color filter layer is 13. The liquid crystal according to claim 12, wherein the liquid crystal is provided between two substrates existing between the at least one light control layer and a light control layer provided on a side closer to the outside light incident side. Display element. 14. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 12, wherein each of the light control layers is sandwiched between a pair of substrates. 15. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 14, wherein the color filter layer is provided on a side of the substrate opposite to a side in contact with the liquid crystal material. 16. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 14, wherein the color filter layer is provided on a side of the substrate in contact with the liquid crystal material. 17. The device according to claim 1, wherein an electrode is provided on each of the surfaces of the pair of substrates facing the light control layer, and the color filter layer is provided on the electrodes.
4. The liquid crystal display device according to 4. 18. An electrode is provided on each of the dimming layer facing surfaces of the pair of substrates, and the color filter layer is provided on a substrate opposite to the surface on which the electrodes are formed. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 14, wherein 19. A light control layer having a cholesteric phase at room temperature and including a liquid crystal material adjusted to selectively reflect color light in a specific wavelength band is laminated, and each light control layer receives external light. On the side, a specific wavelength band to be reflected is laminated with a short wavelength, and the side close to the external light incident side of at least one of the plurality of light control layers, or the at least one light control layer Within, there is provided a color filter means that absorbs color light in a shorter wavelength band than the specific wavelength band reflected by the light control layer, and the color filter means is provided with a maximum reflection wavelength of the at least one light control layer. , At least 120-150n
m, wherein an absorption region is formed in a short wavelength range of m, and the transmittance in the absorption region is 10 to 70%. 20. The color filter device according to claim 19, wherein the color filter means is a color material contained in a light control layer provided on a side of the at least one light control layer near an external light incident side. Liquid crystal display element. 21. The color filter means, comprising: a color filter layer provided between the at least one light control layer and a light control layer provided on a side of the light control layer near an external light incident side. 20. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 19, wherein: 22. A total of two substrates, a substrate sandwiching one light adjusting layer and a substrate sandwiching the other substrate, are present between adjacent light adjusting layers. 22. The liquid crystal according to claim 21, wherein the liquid crystal is provided between two substrates existing between the at least one light control layer and a light control layer provided on a side closer to the outside light incident side. Display element. 23. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 21, wherein each of the light control layers is sandwiched between a pair of substrates. 24. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 23, wherein the color filter layer is provided on a side of the substrate opposite to a side in contact with the liquid crystal material. 25. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 23, wherein the color filter layer is provided on a side of the substrate in contact with the liquid crystal material. 26. The method according to claim 2, wherein an electrode is provided on each of the dimming layer facing surfaces of the pair of substrates, and the color filter layer is provided on the electrodes.
3. The liquid crystal display element according to 3. 27. An electrode is provided on each of the dimming layer facing surfaces of the pair of substrates, and the color filter layer is provided on a substrate opposite to the surface on which the electrodes are formed. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 23, wherein 28. The method according to claim 4, wherein at least one of the substrates is made of a resin film. 13, Claim 14, Claim 15, Claim 16, Claim 17, Claim 18, Claim 22, Claim 23, Claim 2
28. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 25, 28, 26 or 27. 29. A method according to claim 4, wherein a sealing wall is provided around a pair of substrates constituting each light control layer. , Claim 9, Claim 13, Claim 14, Claim 15, Claim 1
6, Claim 17, Claim 18, Claim 22, Claim 2
3, Claim 24, Claim 25, Claim 26, Claim 27
29. A liquid crystal display device according to claim 28. 30. A resin structure for bonding and supporting a pair of substrates constituting each light control layer at least at a desired position in a display area. Claim 6, Claim 7, Claim 8, Claim 9, Claim 13, Claim 14, Claim 15, Claim 16, Claim 17, Claim 18, Claim 22, Claim 23, Claim 24, Claim 25, Claim 26, Claim 27, Claim 2
30. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 28. 31. A method according to claim 4, wherein a spacer is disposed between a pair of substrates constituting each light control layer.
Claim 5, Claim 6, Claim 7, Claim 8, Claim 9,
Claim 13, Claim 14, Claim 15, Claim 16, Claim 17, Claim 18, Claim 22, Claim 23, Claim 24, Claim 25, Claim 26, Claim 27, Claim 31. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 29, wherein the liquid crystal display device is a liquid crystal display device. 32. The liquid crystal display device according to claim 31, wherein the spacer is a fixed spacer.