JP2001066036A - Container for cold storage material, heat-regenerator body using the same and regenerative heat exchanger body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a container for accommodating a cold storage material capable of easily setting the cold storage time and the cooling time to desired values by providing two or more regions different in overall heat transfer coefficient for heat transmitted from inside to outside or from outside to inside the container. SOLUTION: A container 1 constituting a heat regenerator body accommodating a cold storage material 2 therein is formed of a bag made of two or more parts different in overall heat transfer coefficient for heat transmitted from inside to outside or from outside to inside the container, for example, two film materials 3 and 4 different in thickness from each other bonded together at the peripheries thereof. The heat regenerator body accommodates a cold storage material 2 between the film materials 3 and 4. The difference in thickness between the film materials 3 and 4 makes it possible to change the overall heat transfer coefficient and separately set the regenerating period of time and the cooling period of time without being influenced by each other. In addition, one of the two film materials may be a laminated film having at least a plastic film and metal foil.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a container for cold storage material,
The present invention relates to a regenerator and a regenerative heat exchanger using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, for the purpose of suppressing a peak in power demand, a power rate system in which a difference is made between daytime and nighttime power rates has been implemented. Therefore, various cold storage cooling systems have been proposed in which cold energy is stored by using nighttime electric power, and the cold heat is used to cool the space to be cooled in the daytime.

A regenerative cooling system generally comprises a refrigerator and a regenerative heat exchanger provided with a regenerative material. The regenerative heat exchanger usually includes a regenerator material and a cooling means. As the cooling means, a cooling pipe through which the cooled refrigerant flows is usually used. The cooling pipe is connected to a pipeline of the refrigerator so that a refrigerant from a condenser constituting the refrigerator flows. The cold storage material is usually housed in a bag-like container made of a film material, and is arranged to exchange heat with the cooling means. In the cold storage / cooling system having such a configuration, the operation is performed in three modes: normal operation, cold storage operation, and cooling operation. In normal operation, the space to be cooled is cooled by the operation of the refrigerator.

In the cold storage operation, cooling to the cold storage material is performed,
The cold storage material solidifies and stores cold heat. The cold storage operation is performed during a limited time period during which nighttime power is applied (22:00 to 8: 0
0), but in this time period, a normal operation for cooling the space to be cooled is also performed. Therefore, in a preferred embodiment, the cold storage operation is completed in as short a time as possible. Note that the cold storage operation is completed when the cold storage material is completely solidified.

[0005] In the cooling operation, the stored cold heat is transferred to the space to be cooled by the cooling means to cool the space to be cooled. As the cooling device, a blower or a cooling pipe is usually used. Due to the difference in the cooling means, the cooling operation includes a direct cooling system and an indirect cooling system. In the direct cooling method, cold heat is transferred to a space to be cooled by a blower.
In the indirect cooling system, cold heat is carried to the evaporator of the refrigerator by the refrigerant flowing through the cooling pipe to cool the space to be cooled.

The cooling operation is performed during the daytime when the power demand peaks. However, if the cold storage material is completely melted during this time zone, then it is necessary to increase the output of the refrigerator, which cannot contribute to the suppression of the power demand peak. On the other hand, it is not preferable from the viewpoint of effective utilization of energy that there is a portion which has not completely melted at the end of this time zone and has still solidified. In a preferred embodiment, the cooling operation is performed such that the cold storage material is completely melted at the end of this time zone.

[0007] By the way, heat (calorific value) entering and leaving the cold storage material
Q can be obtained from the following equations (1) and (2). Q = K · A · ΔT (1) K = 1 / ((1 / αc) + (L / λ) + (1 / αw)) (2)

[0008] Here, K is the heat transfer coefficient of the cold storage container,
A is the contact area of the cold storage material container, ΔT is the temperature difference between the cold storage material and the medium that cools the cold storage material or deprives the cold storage material of cold heat,
λ is the thermal conductivity of the material constituting the cold storage material container, L is the thickness of the cold storage material container, αc is the high-temperature heat transfer coefficient, and αw is the low-temperature heat transfer coefficient. Therefore, the above K (αc, L,
λ, αw), A, and ΔT are set appropriately, so that the time required for completely solidifying the cold storage material (hereinafter, “cool storage time”) and the time required for complete melting (hereinafter, referred to as “cooling time”). The "cooling time" can be any desired time.

However, since the values of αc, αw, A, and ΔT are determined by the configuration of the regenerative heat exchanger (layout of cooling pipes and regenerative material) and the operation mode of the refrigerator, the regenerative cooling time and discharge time are determined. Performing the control of the cooling time by these complicates the control. Therefore, the control of the cool storage time and the cool down time is L
It is simple and easy to perform by changing the value of K by appropriately setting the values of λ and λ.

[0010]

However, since the conventional cool storage material container is formed of a single constituent material, there are two parts that exchange heat with the cooling means and two parts that exchange heat with the cooling means. , The heat transmittance K has the same value. Therefore, if the value of K is set based on the cold storage time, the cooling time cannot be set to a desired value, and the cold storage material may completely melt in the middle of the time when the power demand peaks. In some cases, the cold storage material cannot be completely melted at the end of the zone.

On the other hand, if the value of K is set based on the cool-down time, the cool-down time cannot be set to a desired value, and the cold-storage material may not be completely solidified within the cool-down time.

An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems and to provide a container for a cold storage material capable of setting both the cold storage time and the cooling time to desired values, and a cold storage heat exchanger using the same. It is in.

[0013]

The container for cold storage material of the present invention has the following features. (1) A cold storage material for storing a cold storage material, wherein the cold storage material has two or more portions having different heat transmission rates for heat transmitted from the inside of the container to the outside or from the outside to the inside. Container.

(2) The container is a bag in which two pieces of film material are joined at the periphery of each other, and is configured such that a cold storage material can be stored between one film material and the other film material. Wherein the two film materials are two portions having different heat transmission rates.
The container as described.

(3) The container is a bag in which two film materials are joined at the periphery of each other, and is configured so that a cold storage material can be stored between one film material and the other film material. One of the two film materials is a laminated film having at least a plastic film and a metal foil, the other is a single-layer film of a plastic film or a metal foil, the two film material is the above The container according to the above (1), wherein the two parts have different heat transmission rates.

As described above, in the cold storage container of the present invention, two or more portions having different heat transmittances K are provided to solve the conventional problems. The portions having different heat transmittances K are formed, for example, by forming a container using two or more kinds of materials having different values of L, or using two or more kinds of materials having different values of λ as shown in the above (3). It can be provided by forming the container, and both.

The regenerator of the present invention has the following features. (4) A cold storage body characterized in that the cold storage material is housed in the container according to any one of (1) to (3).

(5) The regenerator according to (4), wherein the regenerator material contained in the container is an aqueous sodium chloride solution.

The regenerative heat exchanger of the present invention has the following features. (5) At least the container according to any one of (1) to (3) above, which contains a cold storage material, and a cooling unit for cooling the cold storage material, wherein the container has the lowest heat transmission rate. A regenerative heat exchanger characterized by being arranged so as to be cooled by cooling means via a part other than the part.

[0020]

As described above, the container for cold storage material of the present invention can have two or more portions having different heat transmittances K by changing the values of L and λ for each portion. That is, in the container for a cold storage material of the present invention, the heat transfer coefficient K can be different between a part that exchanges heat with the cooling unit and a part that exchanges heat with the cooling unit.
For this reason, if the container of the present invention is used, the value of Q that enters and leaves the cold storage material can be changed between the cold storage operation and the cooling operation,
Both the cool storage time and the cool-down time can be set to desired values.

[0021]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a view showing an example of a container for a cold storage material of the present invention, which is shown in cross section. As shown in the example of FIG.
The container 1 for cold storage material of the present invention is a container for storing the cold storage material 2. The container 1 has two or more portions having different heat transmission rates for heat transmitted from the inside of the container to the outside or from the outside to the inside.

In the example shown in FIG.
Are stored to form a regenerator. The container 1 is a bag formed by joining two film materials 3 and 4 having different thicknesses to each other at their peripheral edges, and is configured to be able to store the cold storage material 2 between the film materials 3 and 4. I have. The film material 3 and the film material 4 differ only in the thickness, and are otherwise the same. The film material 3 is thicker than the film material 4, and therefore has a lower heat transmission rate than the film material 4. That is, the container 1 is provided with two portions having different heat transmission rates between the two film materials 3 and 4.

As the film material constituting the container of the present invention shown in FIG. 1, various film materials can be used. For example, plastics formed of polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polyvinyl alcohol, polypropylene, polyester, polycarbonate, nylon, polystyrene, ethylene vinyl acetate copolymer, ethylene vinyl acetate alcohol copolymer, ionomer, polyethylene terephthalate, etc. Films; metal foils such as aluminum foil; laminated films of these plastic films and metal foils; vapor-deposited laminated films obtained by vapor-depositing inorganic materials on plastic films such as aluminum oxide-deposited laminated films and ceramics-deposited laminated films.

Among the above-mentioned film materials, in the present invention, the elongation (ductility) at a low temperature is excellent.
A polyethylene film or a nylon film is preferably used. Also, a laminated film containing these, for example,
Nylon film, aluminum foil, three-layer film laminated in the order of polyethylene film, polyethylene terephthalate film, aluminum foil, three-layer film laminated in the order of polyethylene film, nylon film, aluminum foil, nylon film, laminated in the order of polyethylene film A four-layered film, a polyethylene terephthalate film, an aluminum foil, a nylon film, and a polyethylene film laminated in this order are also preferably used. Since the laminated films described above have an aluminum foil layer, it is possible to prevent oxygen and moisture from being mixed into the cold storage material through the film.

In the example shown in FIG. 1, portions having different heat transmittances are provided by using film materials having only different thicknesses (that is, by changing L). However, the present invention is not limited to this. For example, when a laminated film having a metal foil as described above and a single-layer plastic film are used, even if the overall thickness of each film is the same, the metal foil has a higher heat than the plastic film. Since the conductivity λ is high, it is possible to provide portions having different heat transmittances from each other. In the present invention, portions having different heat transmittances can be provided by changing the type of the film material or by changing the structure of the film material such as the number of layers (that is, changing the type or structure). Changes the thermal conductivity λ). Furthermore, it can also be provided by changing all of the thickness, configuration, and type.

The thickness of each of the above-mentioned various film materials may be appropriately determined so as to obtain a required heat transmission coefficient. In the present invention, the thickness is 50 μm to 2000 μm, preferably 8 μm.
Those having a thickness of about 0 μm to 200 μm are usually used. The thickness of each layer in the laminated film may be set as appropriate. However, in the above-described laminated films, the thickness of each layer is preferably set to the following degree.

For example, the thickness of the nylon film layer is preferably 10 μm or more from the viewpoint of strength.
5 μm to 30 μm are particularly preferred. In the polyethylene film layer, the thickness is preferably from 20 μm to 1000 μm, particularly preferably from 50 μm to 100 μm. The thickness of the aluminum foil layer is preferably 7 μm or more, particularly preferably 7 μm to 12 μm, from the viewpoint of non-permeability of moisture. In the layer of the polyethylene terephthalate film, the thickness is preferably 10 μm or more, and particularly preferably 12 μm to 20 μm, from the viewpoint of strength.

Although there are two portions having different heat transmission rates in the example of FIG. 1, the present invention is not limited to this. Three or more film materials of different types may be used to provide three or more film materials. If there are three or more places,
By changing the contact portion with the cooling pipe, the cooling air, or the cooling duct, the cold storage time and the cooling time can be appropriately changed depending on the situation.

In the example of FIG. 1, a bag is used as the container, but the present invention is not limited to this. For example, it may be a box-shaped material formed of a material having shape retention properties. Also in this case, by changing the thickness, type, configuration, and the like of the constituent materials, it is possible to provide portions having different heat transmittances.

[0030] The cold storage material to be stored in the container of the present invention is not particularly limited, and any of those conventionally used and those to be developed in the future can be used. In particular,
Water, sodium chloride aqueous solution (brine), inorganic hydrated salt, organic substances such as ethylene glycol, etc., which may be used, if necessary, a freezing point depressant, a supercooling inhibitor, a pH adjuster, a superabsorbent resin, an antioxidant Agents, feelers and the like may be added.

FIG. 2 is a view showing an example of the regenerative heat exchanger of the present invention, and schematically shows a cross section. In FIG. 2, a regenerative cooling system is constructed using the regenerative heat exchanger 5 of the present invention. Note that the refrigerator of the regenerative cooling system is omitted. As shown in the example of FIG. 2, the regenerative heat exchanger 5 of the present invention includes a container 1 (regenerator) shown in FIG. 1 in which the regenerator 2 is accommodated, and a cooling unit 6 for cooling the regenerator 2. At least. As the cooling means 6, a cooling pipe in which a refrigerant 7 flows is used. A cooling pipe serving as the cooling means 6 is connected to a pipe of a refrigerator (not shown). The container 1 is configured to exchange heat between the cold storage material 2 and the refrigerant 7 flowing through the cooling pipe through the film material 4 having a higher heat transmittance, which is a portion other than the portion having the lowest heat transmittance, The material 4 is arranged in contact with the cooling pipe 6.

In the example of FIG. 2, the cooling operation is performed by a direct cooling method using the blower 8. Therefore, the space to be cooled 1
A duct 9 leading to 1 is provided, and the blower 8 is located in the duct 9. Further, the container 1 is also located in the duct 9. Therefore, the air 1 sent from the blower 8
2 is cooled by contacting the film material 3 of the container, and further sent to the space 11 to be cooled, where it is cooled.

As described above, in the cold storage type heat exchanger 5 of the present invention, the cold storage material 2 is stored in the cold storage material 2 through the portion of the container 1 having a high heat transmission rate, and is stored through the low heat transmission rate portion of the container 1. Is allowed to cool down. Therefore, when the regenerative heat exchanger 5 of the present invention is used, the regenerative cooling time can be made longer while the regenerative cooling time is equal to or shorter than the conventional one. That is, by using the regenerative heat exchanger 5 of the present invention, it is possible to construct a regenerative cooling system capable of performing a long-time cooling operation with a short-time cold storage operation.

If a regenerative cooling system is constructed in which the regenerative cooling time is shortened as compared with the conventional one while keeping the regenerative cooling time as it is, for example, the thickness of the film material 3 is made smaller than in the prior art. What is necessary is just to reduce the heat transmittance of the part which contacts the cooling air 12.

FIG. 3 is a view showing another example of the regenerative heat exchanger of the present invention, and schematically shows a cross section. In FIG. 3, the regenerative cooling system is also constructed. Note that the refrigerator of the regenerative cooling system is omitted.

In the example of FIG. 3, as in the example of FIG. 2, the regenerative heat exchanger 10 of the present invention comprises a container 1 (a regenerator) shown in FIG. At least cooling means for cooling. However, in the example of FIG.
As a cooling means, a cooling duct 13 is used instead of the cooling pipe. The cooling duct 13 branches off from the duct 9 and joins the duct 9 again, and a switching valve 14 is provided at each of the junction and the junction. The container 1 is composed of the film material 3 having the lower heat transmission rate and the duct 9.
The film material 4 having the higher heat transmission rate is installed toward the inside of the duct 13.

Therefore, during the cold storage operation, the switching valve 14 is opened, and the cooled air 12 from the blower 8
Cooling material 2 is cooled through both film materials 3 and 4,
Further, the cooled space 11 is cooled. During the cooling operation, the switching valve 14 is closed and the air 12 from the blower 8 is closed.
Is cooled only through the film material 3 having the lower heat transfer rate, and further cools the cooled space 11.

As described above, in the regenerative heat exchanger 10 of the present invention, since the regenerative cooling is performed from the regenerator material 2 through the portion having a low heat transmission rate, the regenerative cooling time can be made longer than in the conventional case. it can. Further, since the cold storage material is cooled not only from a portion having a high heat transfer rate but also from a portion having a low heat transfer rate, it is possible to complete the cold storage in a shorter time than before. That is, even with the regenerative heat exchanger 10 of the present invention, it is possible to construct a regenerative cooling system capable of performing a long-time cooling operation with a short-time cold storage operation.

[0039]

EXAMPLES The present invention will be specifically described below with reference to examples. A container for a cold storage material of the present invention was actually manufactured, and a cold storage type heat exchanger having the same form as that of FIG. 2 was manufactured using the container, and a cold storage operation and a cooling operation were performed. The cooling operation was performed by a blower as in FIG.

Example 1 As a film material 3 (cooling side), a four-layer structure in which a nylon film (thickness: 15 μm), an aluminum foil (thickness: 9 μm), a nylon film (thickness: 15 μm), and a polyethylene film (thickness: 500 μm) were laminated in this order. Using a film (size: 400 mm × 200 mm), a nylon film (thickness: 15 μm) was used as the film material 4 (cooling side).
m), aluminum foil (thickness 9 μm), nylon film (thickness 15 μm), polyethylene film (thickness 60)
μm) in order (a size of 40).
(0 mm × 200 mm), and these were bonded together at the peripheral edge to form the container of the present invention.

In the container obtained above, 23.3% by weight of sodium chloride, 2% by weight of sodium sulfate decahydrate, 1% by weight of sodium borate decahydrate, 1% by weight of polyacrylic acid An aqueous solution (1000 g) prepared so that the neutralized product crosslinked product was 4% by weight was filled.

The container filled with the regenerator material is arranged so that the film material 4 comes into contact with the cooling pipe (outer diameter: 9.52 mm, material: copper), and the regenerative heat exchanger having the same configuration as that of FIG. Was configured. The contact area between the cooling pipe and the container was 1.1.
It was 2 × 10 ³ cm ² . Next, the refrigerant (−3) is supplied to the cooling pipe.
(0 ° C.), and the cold storage operation was performed. As a result, the time required for the cold storage material to completely solidify (cool storage time) was 3.1 hours. Furthermore, a blower (propeller type axial blower, 12
0W), the cooling operation was performed, and the time required for the cold storage material to completely melt (cooling time) was 8 hours.

Example 2 Example 1 was repeated except that a single-layer polyethylene film (thickness: 500 μm) was used as the film material 3 (cooling side).
In the same manner as in the above, a container for a cold storage material and a cold storage heat exchanger were produced, and a cold storage operation and a cooling operation were performed. As a result, the cold storage time was 3.1 hours, and the cooling time was 7.8 hours.

Example 3 A container for a regenerator material and a regenerative heat exchanger were produced in the same manner as in Example 1 except that a single-layer aluminum foil (thickness: 50 μm) was used as the film material 3 (cooling side). And make
A cold storage operation and a cooling operation were performed. As a result, the cold storage time was 3.1 hours and the cooling time was 4 hours.

Comparative Example A bag was formed using only the four-layer film used as the film material 3 in Example 1, and the same cool storage material as in Example 1 was filled in the bag. Next, as in Example 1, the bag filled with the cold storage material was placed in a cooling pipe, and a cold storage operation and a cooling operation were performed. As a result, the cool storage time was 3.1 hours and the cool-down time was 6 hours.

[Evaluation] In each of Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Example, the portion in contact with the cooling pipe was formed of the same four-layer film in each case, and the cold storage time was the same. Every case is different. This indicates that the cool storage time and the cool-down time can be separately set by using the container of the present invention. In particular, it can be seen from Examples 1 and 2 that by using the container and the regenerative heat exchanger of the present invention, it is possible to construct a regenerative cooling system capable of performing a long-period cooling operation that could not be achieved conventionally.

[0047]

As described above, when the container of the present invention is used, the cool storage time and the cool-down time can be separately set without being influenced by each other. Therefore, it is possible to avoid the problem that the cooling time is not the desired time when the cold storage time is the desired time, and vice versa. Furthermore, if the regenerative heat exchanger of the present invention is used, it is possible to construct an unprecedented regenerative cooling system that achieves both a short-time cold storage operation and a long-time cooling operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a view showing one example of a container for a cold storage material of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing an example of a regenerative heat exchanger according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a view showing another example of the regenerative heat exchanger of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1 container for cold storage material 2 cold storage material 3 film material 4 film material

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3L044 AA04 BA01 CA11 DC03 FA03 KA04 3L045 AA04 BA10 CA02 DA01 EA01 KA16 PA04

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A container for storing a cold storage material,
A cold storage material container having two or more portions having different heat transmission rates for heat transmitted from the inside of the container to the outside or from the outside to the inside. 2. The container according to claim 1, wherein the container is a bag formed by joining two film materials at their peripheral edges, and is configured to be able to store a cold storage material between one film material and the other film material. The container according to claim 1, wherein the two film materials are two portions having different heat transmission rates. 3. The container is a bag in which two film materials are joined at the periphery of each other, and is configured to be able to store a cold storage material between one film material and the other film material. One of the two film materials is a laminated film having at least a plastic film and a metal foil,
The container according to claim 1, wherein the other is a single-layer film of a plastic film or a metal foil, and the two film materials are two portions having different heat transmittances. 4. A cold storage element comprising a container according to any one of claims 1 to 3 containing a cold storage material. 5. The regenerator according to claim 4, wherein the regenerator material contained in the container is an aqueous sodium chloride solution. 6. A container according to any one of claims 1 to 3 containing a cold storage material, and at least cooling means for cooling the cold storage material, wherein the container has the lowest heat transmission rate. A regenerative heat exchanger characterized by being arranged so as to be cooled by cooling means via a part other than the part.