JP3831924B2 - Capsule type latent heat storage system - Google Patents

Description

[0001]
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
The present invention is applied to, for example, an air conditioning system that cools and heats a building or a process that requires cooling and heating, and heat is stored by operating a heat source device at night electricity with a low electricity charge, and is dissipated during daytime hours. The present invention relates to a capsule-type latent heat storage system.
[0002]
[Prior art]
In a night load system as a conventional heat source facility, as shown in FIG. 10 (A), a heat exchanger 320, a heat storage tank 301, a heat exchanger 328 for exchanging heat with the cold energy use device 326 side, and the like are respectively connected via bypass pipes. Separately from the night heat storage line arranged in series with the circulation pipes 325 and 327, as a dedicated line for night load shown in FIG. 10 (B), a dedicated heat source unit 322, pump P302, piping system for dealing with night load 326, etc. are required, and therefore the heat source machine must be handled by turning the heat source machine on, off, or by capacity control, so the heat source machine has a low COP (coefficient of performance) and unstable operation. This was supported by partial load operation, which increased running costs.
[0003]
In addition, it has been practiced that some of the heat during the heat storage operation corresponds to the night load, but the night load is often smaller than the day load. Then, because the diameter is too large and the temperature measurement becomes unstable, as shown in FIG. 11, a dedicated small-diameter pipe and control valve V5 separate from the normal heat-dissipating operation pipe and heat-dissipating heat exchanger as shown in FIG. A control system including ', V6' and a heat exchanger 28 'dedicated to night loads must be installed.
[0004]
As this type of conventional heat source equipment, a direct expansion type heat storage tank, that is, a heat storage tank (see Patent Document 1) for exchanging heat with a heat storage material around the coil tube or the like by flowing a CFC refrigerant to the coil tube or the like, There has been proposed a type in which two types of expansion valves are provided in a freon circuit to produce two types of temperatures for ice making and cooling (see Patent Document 2).
[0005]
[Patent Document 1]
JP-A-9-152225 (paragraph 0056, paragraph 0066
(Fig. 1)
[Patent Document 2]
JP 2001-330279 A (paragraph 0031, FIG. 7)
[0006]
[Problems to be solved by the invention]
Therefore, the present inventors, for example, focused on the temperature difference between the ice-making operation temperature (for example, −5 ° C.) and the daytime air-conditioning temperature (for example + 5 ° C.) during ice storage, and as a result of earnest research, It was found that the temperature (for example, −5 ° C.) was sufficiently low (for example, −2 ° C.) to be used for cooling air conditioning even after being used for ice making, and the present invention was completed.
[0007]
Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a capsule-type latent heat storage system capable of achieving simultaneous operation corresponding to heat storage and heat load by directly applying heat energy at the time of heat storage operation at night to operation corresponding to heat load. Is to provide.
Another object of the present invention is that it is not necessary to install pipes, heat source units, heat exchangers, etc. dedicated to night loads, and can be used as pipes, heat source units, heat exchangers, etc. during normal heat radiation operation. This is to provide a capsule-type latent heat storage system capable of simplifying equipment.
[0008]
[Means for solving the problems]
In order to achieve the above object, the present invention has the following technical means. That is, when described using the reference numerals used in the accompanying drawings corresponding to the embodiment, the heat source unit 20, the heat storage tank 1, the heat exchanger 28, and the heat transfer fluid circulation pipe 25a piped by connecting the devices. 25b and 25c, heat transfer fluid is circulated between the heat source unit 20 and the heat storage tank 1 as a heat storage operation, the heat generated by the heat source unit 20 is stored in the heat storage tank 1, and the heat storage tank 1 is used as a heat dissipation operation. In a capsule-type latent heat storage system that circulates a heat transfer fluid to and from the heat exchanger 28 and radiates heat to the heat exchanger 28 and stores the amount of heat stored in the heat storage tank 1, the heat transfer fluid exiting the heat source unit 20 Is stored in the heat storage tank 1 through the circulation pipes 25a, 25b, and 25c, and the heat transfer fluid exiting the heat storage tank 1 is controlled in part or in whole so as to correspond to the night heat load. The flow rate is led to the heat exchanger 28 on the heat using device 26 side, and the heat exchanger 2 The heat transfer fluid that has passed through the control valve V6 of the bypass pipe connected between the upstream side and the downstream side of the inlet side control valve V5 or the heat exchanger 28 is returned to the heat storage tank 1 again via the circulation line 25c. The control valve V5 is fully closed and the control valve V6 is fully opened during nighttime heat storage operation to perform the heat storage operation, and the opening degree of the control valves V5 and V6 is set to the heat when the nighttime heat load is supported. A capsule-type latent heat storage system characterized in that simultaneous operation corresponding to heat storage and heat load is performed by controlling according to a load.
Therefore, when the nighttime heat load is supported, the opening degree of the control valves V5 and V6 is controlled according to the heat load, and the simultaneous operation corresponding to the heat storage / heat load is performed. Installation is not required.
[0009]
In the present invention, the diameter of the circulation pipe 25b connected between the outlet side of the heat storage tank 1 and the inlet of the heat exchanger 28 on the heat using equipment 26 side is smaller than the pipe diameter of the circulation pipe 25b. The heat transfer pipe 24a is connected in parallel, and the heat transfer fluid is switched to the small-diameter heat transfer pipe 24a at the time of dealing with a nighttime heat load. .
Therefore, it is possible to simplify the equipment by allowing the piping and the heat exchanger 28 in the normal heat radiation operation to be shared with the night heat load operation.
[0010]
DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION
Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
[0011]
1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the capsule-type latent heat storage system of the present invention. FIG. 1 shows the simultaneous heat storage and heat load corresponding to the night heat load during the night heat storage operation of the present invention. 2 is an explanatory diagram at the time of heat dissipation operation, FIG. 2 is an explanatory diagram at the time of heat dissipation operation in which the heat source unit is operated together at the heat dissipation peak of the heat storage tank, FIG. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram at the time of the heat load operation in the single operation, and FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram in the case of no night load at the night heat storage operation.
[0012]
First, an example of application to a cooling and freezing apparatus as a heat-using device will be described with reference to FIG.
[0013]
Reference numeral 1 in FIGS. 9A to 9C is a capsule heat storage tank of the present invention, and this capsule heat storage tank 1 (hereinafter referred to as heat storage tank 1) is a cylindrical or rectangular body 2. In the case of a cylindrical shape, it has body lids 4 and 5 attached to the upper and lower sides or both left and right ends.
[0014]
In the case of the cylindrical shape, upper and lower connection ports 6 and 8 are provided at the center of the body lids 4 and 5 at both the upper and lower ends or the left and right ends, and heat transfer tubes (not shown) are connected to the upper and lower connection ports 6 and 8, respectively. ing. Inside the body lids 4, 5, heat transfer medium dispersers 10, 12 disposed opposite the upper and lower connection ports 6, 8 are installed. A large number of small holes for diffusing and circulating the heat transfer medium are formed in the body interior 16.
[0015]
A large number of well-known small spherical heat accumulators 18 (for example, Japanese Patent Publication No. 5-81832) are closely packed in the body 2 partitioned by the dispersers 10 and 12. When the phase change temperature changes from the liquid phase to the solid phase, cold energy is stored as latent heat of solidification, and when the phase change from the solid phase to the liquid phase, a heat storage material that releases the previously stored cold energy is enclosed in a spherical shell. As a suitable heat storage material, for example, a main liquid is a composition obtained by adding a small amount of a nucleating agent to H ₂ O (water).
[0016]
Of course, when heat is the target, the heat storage medium material enclosed in the small spherical heat storage body 18 stores heat when melted at the phase change temperature and releases solidification latent heat when solidified.
[0017]
Next, a preferred first embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIGS.
[0018]
First, the common apparatus shown in FIGS. 1 to 5 will be described. In all the drawings described below, the valve symbols of the on-off valves indicate that the black paint is in the closed state, the white paint is in the open valve state, the one-side black paint, and the one-side white paint is the opening adjustment (control) state. 1 to 5, reference numeral 20 denotes a cold heat source machine, reference numeral 22 denotes a refrigeration apparatus such as a refrigerator that generates cold heat, and reference numeral 28 denotes a heat exchanger on the cold heat using device 26 side.
[0019]
As shown in FIG. 1, between the circulation pipes 25c and 25a, a refrigerating device 22 on the cold heat source machine 20 side is connected, and a bypass pipe having an on-off valve V1 is connected. In addition, the heat storage tank 1 is connected between the circulation pipes 25a and 25b, and a bypass pipe having a control valve V3 is connected. And the brine pump P1 is connected to the downstream of the junction B1 of the bypass pipe provided with the heat storage tank 1 and the control valve V3.
[0020]
Downstream of the circulation line 25b connected to the brine pump P1, the heat exchanger 28 is connected to the heat exchanger 28 on the cold heat use device 26 side, and a bypass pipe 27 is connected between the upstream and downstream sides of the heat exchanger 28. Has been.
[0021]
The cold heat using device 26 is an air conditioner such as a cooling device, for example, and this air conditioner is allowed to cool in the process of circulating the heat transfer fluid cooled by the heat exchanger 28 from the IN side to the OUT side by the pump P3. It has become so.
[0022]
In addition, since the cooling / heating equipment 26 for heat load control the flow rate according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 30 that detects the temperature of the heat transfer fluid on the equipment side, a control valve V5 is provided at the inlet side of the heat exchanger 28. The bypass pipe 27 is connected to a control valve V 6, and the circulation line 25 c connected to the outlet of the heat exchanger 28 is connected to the refrigeration apparatus 22.
[0023]
Next, a series of operations according to the first embodiment configured as described above will be described with reference to FIG.
[0024]
In the simultaneous heat storage / heat load correspondence operation corresponding to the nighttime heat load during the nighttime cold energy storage operation shown in FIG. 1, the on-off valve V1 closes and the refrigerant is discharged from the freezer 22 of the heat source unit 20 to the circulation line 25a. The heat transfer medium moves along a pipe line indicated by a thick line in the figure.
[0025]
The cold heat storage operation time is, for example, a 10 hour operation from 10:00 in the afternoon to 8:00 in the next morning, and in the simultaneous operation corresponding to heat storage and heat load, the low temperature output from the refrigeration apparatus 22 of the cold heat source unit 20 is low. The heat transfer medium passes through the heat storage tank 1 through the control valve V4 to store heat by closing the control valve V3 downstream of the circulation pipe 25a as shown by a thick line in the figure, and the heat transfer medium exits the heat storage tank 1 Reaches the branch point B1 upstream of the brine pump P1.
[0026]
Here, the outlet temperature is about −5 ° C. with respect to the inlet temperature of the refrigeration apparatus 22 at the standard time of about −2 ° C., and the outlet temperature is −5 to -7 ° C.
[0027]
The low-temperature heat transfer medium that has joined the branch point B1 downstream of the circulation line 25a dissipates heat through the heat exchanger 28 via the control valve V5 from the circulation line 25b when the brine pump P1 is activated, and is bypassed. The heat transfer medium that has passed through the control valve V6 of the pipe 27 returns to the refrigeration apparatus 22 from the circulation pipe 25c again.
[0028]
Accordingly, during simultaneous storage and heat load handling corresponding to the nighttime heat load during nighttime cold energy storage operation, the opening degree of the control valves V5 and V6 of the temperature sensor 30 which is the heat load is adjusted during nighttime cooling load correspondence. By controlling according to the detected temperature and performing simultaneous operation corresponding to heat storage and heat load, it is possible to eliminate the need for installation of pipes, heat source units, heat exchangers, etc. dedicated to night load.
[0029]
Next, during the nighttime cold energy storage operation shown in FIG. 5, the heat transfer medium that has flowed out of the refrigeration apparatus 22 of the cold heat source device 20 to the circulation line 25 a moves along the line indicated by the thick line in the figure as in FIG. 1. To do.
[0030]
Here, the same pipes are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted. However, the heat transfer medium that has exited the brine pump P1 is closed via the control valve V6 on the side of the chilling equipment 26 by closing the control valve V5. Then, it passes through the bypass pipe 27 and returns to the refrigeration apparatus 22 from the circulation pipe 25c again.
[0031]
Therefore, during the nighttime cold heat storage operation as described above, the circulation line 25b and the heat exchanger 28 in the normal heat radiation operation can be used together with the nighttime cold load operation, thereby simplifying the equipment. Can be planned.
[0032]
Next, FIG. 2 shows the heat radiation operation in which the heat storage tank and the refrigerator are operated in combination during the peak period of the heat load. The heat radiation operation time in this case is, for example, a 14-hour operation from 8:00 to 22:00 in the morning, and the heat transfer medium that exits the refrigeration apparatus 22 of the cold heat source unit 20 has a pipe line indicated by a thick line in the figure. Moving.
[0033]
Here, the outlet temperature is set to 8 ° C. and the outlet temperature of the heat storage tank 1 is set to 4 ° C. with respect to the inlet temperature of about 13 ° C. of the refrigeration apparatus 22 in the peak period.
[0034]
Due to the closure of the on-off valve V1, the heat transfer medium that has flowed from the refrigeration apparatus 22 of the heat source unit 20 to the circulation line 25a is diverted through the control valves V3 and V4 that are controlled according to the temperature detected by the temperature sensor 31, It reaches the junction B1.
[0035]
The heat transfer medium that has joined the branch point B1 downstream of the circulation line 25a radiates heat from the circulation line 25b via the control valve V5 through the heat exchanger 28 when the brine pump P1 is started, The heat transfer medium that has passed through the control valve V6 is returned to the refrigeration apparatus 22 from the circulation pipe 25c again.
[0036]
Next, FIG. 3 shows the heat radiation operation in the heat storage tank single operation. The single operation of the heat storage tank 1 is, for example, a three-hour operation from 13:00 pm to 16:00 pm in the daytime, and the heat transfer medium exiting the heat storage tank 1 moves on the pipe line indicated by the thick line in the figure. To do. Here, the inlet temperature of the heat storage tank 1 is set to about 13 ° C., and the outlet temperature is set to 4 ° C.
[0037]
The heat transfer medium that has exited the heat storage tank 1 merges with the heat transfer medium that bypasses the heat storage tank 1 at the branch point B1, and then the brine pump P1 starts to start the heat exchanger 28 from the circulation line 25b through the control valve V5. And the heat transfer medium that has passed through the control valve V6 of the bypass pipe 27 together with the heat transfer medium 25c, the cold heat source unit 20 and the bypass on-off valve V1, and the heat storage tank 1 again.
[0038]
Next, FIG. 4 shows the cooling operation in the independent operation of the refrigeration apparatus. The refrigeration apparatus is operated alone, for example, in an emergency, daytime, or nighttime. The heat transfer medium that has flowed from the refrigeration apparatus 22 of the cold heat source unit 20 to the circulation line 25a by closing the on-off valve V1 is shown in the figure. Move the pipe line indicated by the bold line.
[0039]
The low-temperature heat transfer medium that has flowed from the refrigeration apparatus 22 of the cold heat source unit 20 to the circulation line 25a is circulated by the activation of the brine pump P1 via the control valve V3 and the branch point B1, as shown by the thick line in the figure. Then, the heat passes through the heat exchanger 28 through the control valve V5 and is radiated, and the heat transfer medium that has passed through the control valve V6 of the bypass pipe 27 returns to the refrigeration apparatus 22 from the circulation line 25c.
[0040]
Next, FIGS. 6 to 8 show a second embodiment of the capsule latent heat storage system of the present invention, and FIG. 6 shows the heat storage / FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of the case where the simultaneous operation corresponding to the heat load is performed and the supply temperature to the heat exchanger is controlled by the small-diameter pipe portion, and FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram around the small-diameter pipe portion during the daytime cooling or heat radiation operation. 8 is an explanatory view around the small-diameter piping section during night heat storage operation when there is no night load.
[0041]
First, the supply temperature to the heat exchanger 28 on the side of the cold load using device 26 at the time of dealing with the heat load at night is based on the thermometer instruction value of the small-diameter heat transfer tube 24a described later, by adjusting the opening of the control valves V7 and V8. To be controlled. Accordingly, the brine pump P1 is activated during the heat storage operation, and the pump P2 is also activated when the night load is supported, so that a part of the cold on the outlet side of the heat storage tank 1 is applied to the night load.
[0042]
That is, in the heat storage / heat load compatible simultaneous operation corresponding to the nighttime heat load during the cold heat storage operation at night, as shown in FIG. 6, the heat transfer flow flowing out of the heat storage tank 1 is transferred to the heat exchanger 28 side by the brine pump P1. To branch point B2. Part of the heat transfer fluid is supplied from the branch point B2 to the heat exchanger 28 through the small-diameter pipe 24a via the circulation pump P2.
[0043]
The heat transfer fluid supplied to the night load by the heat exchanger 28 passes through the circulation line 25d, merges with the heat transfer fluid from the bypass pipe 27, reaches the circulation line 25c, and returns to the heat source machine side. Part of the heat transfer fluid in the circulation line 25d flows to the control valve V8 side, merges with the heat transfer fluid from the control valve V7 side at the branch point B3, and is circulated to the circulation pump P2.
[0044]
Further, in the cooling or heat radiation operation corresponding to the daytime cooling or heat radiation operation shown in FIG. 7, the heat transfer medium flowing out from the heat storage tank 1 or the heat source unit 20 as shown in FIGS. Then, the brine pump P1 reaches the branch point B2 on the heat exchanger 28 side.
[0045]
Here, the total amount of the heat transfer fluid is supplied to the heat source in the daytime by the heat exchanger 28 via the control valve V5, and then returns to the heat source machine side via the circulation pipes 25d and 25c. As the flow of the heat transfer fluid in the part, the flow is the same in any of the heat source unit / heat storage tank combined operation, the heat storage tank single operation, and the heat source unit single operation described in FIGS. Become. In this case, since the heat load is larger than the night load, operation is performed not through the small diameter pipe but through the large diameter pipe 25b.
[0046]
In the nighttime heat storage operation when there is no night load shown in FIG. 8, the total amount of the heat transfer fluid is transferred to the circulation line 25c via the bypass pipe 27 by closing the control valves V5, V7, and V8 and fully opening the control valve V6. It will return to the heat source machine side.
[0047]
Therefore, in the above embodiment, an example in which this apparatus is applied to a cooling and refrigeration apparatus is shown, and a case where cold heat is transmitted to a heat exchanger in a heat-using device has been shown, but the capsule latent heat storage system of the present invention is It is not limited to this, but can be applied to other cold energy utilization devices, and the heat use device can be used as a solar heat device or a heating heat source supply device, from which heat is transmitted to the heat exchanger in the heat use device. This capsule-type latent heat storage system can also be applied to the apparatus. During heat storage, latent heat is stored in the heat storage tank, and during heat dissipation, heat is radiated to the heat exchanger of the heat-using device.
[0048]
Of course, when heat is the target, the heat storage material enclosed in the small spherical heat storage body 18 stores heat when melted at the phase change temperature and releases solidification latent heat when solidified.
[0049]
【The invention's effect】
As described in detail above, the present invention has the following effects.
[0050]
That is, according to the first aspect, when the nighttime heat load is supported, the opening degree of the control valve is controlled according to the heat load, and the simultaneous operation corresponding to the heat storage / heat load is performed. Installation of a heat source machine and a heat exchanger becomes unnecessary.
[0051]
According to claim 2, by providing a small-diameter pipe for coping with a small load such as a night load, stable and appropriate night load supply temperature control becomes possible. Thereby, for example, in the case of cold heat supply, supply of sub-freezing temperature can be avoided, that is, the risk of reducing the risk of secondary side cold water in the heat exchanger can be achieved.
[Brief description of the drawings]
FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of a simultaneous heat storage / heat load corresponding operation corresponding to a night heat load during a night heat storage operation according to the first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 2 is also an explanatory view of a heat radiation operation in which a heat storage tank and a heat source device are operated in combination during a peak period of heat load.
FIG. 3 is also an explanatory view at the time of heat radiation operation in a single heat storage tank operation.
FIG. 4 is also an explanatory diagram at the time of cooling operation in heat source machine single operation.
FIG. 5 is also an explanatory diagram when there is no night load during a heat storage operation at night.
FIG. 6 shows simultaneous heat storage and heat load operation in order to cope with nighttime heat load during nighttime heat storage operation according to the second embodiment of the present invention, and the supply temperature to the heat exchanger is set at a small diameter pipe portion. It is explanatory drawing in the case of controlling.
FIG. 7 is also an explanatory view around a small-diameter pipe section during daytime cooling or heat radiation operation.
FIG. 8 is also an explanatory diagram around a small-diameter pipe section during night heat storage operation when there is no night load.
FIG. 9 is an embodiment of a capsule heat storage tank according to the present invention, wherein (A) and (B) are side views showing a partial cross section of the capsule heat storage tank of a cylindrical body, and (C) is a rectangular body. It is a perspective view of a capsule type heat storage tank.
FIGS. 10A and 10B are explanatory diagrams of a conventional heat storage system for dealing with night loads. FIGS.
FIGS. 11A and 11B are explanatory diagrams of a conventional heat storage system for dealing with a night load. FIGS.
[Explanation of symbols]
1 Thermal storage tank (capsule thermal storage tank)
2 Body 4, 5 Body lid 6, 8 Connection port 10, 12 Disperser 16 Body interior 18 Small spherical heat storage body 20 Cold heat source machine 22 Refrigeration apparatus 24a Small diameter pipe (small diameter heat transfer tube)
25a to 25d Circulating line 26 Equipment for using cold heat 27 Bypass pipe 28 Heat exchanger 30, 31, 32 Temperature sensor B1, B2, B3 Branch point P1, P2 Brine pump P3 Pump V1, V2 On-off valve V3, V4, V5 Control valve V6, V7, V8 control valve

Claims (2)

A heat source unit 20, a heat storage tank 1, a heat exchanger 28, and heat transfer fluid circulation pipes 25a, 25b, and 25c that connect and connect the devices are provided between the heat source unit 20 and the heat storage tank 1 as a heat storage operation. The heat transfer fluid is circulated to store the generated heat of the heat source unit 20 in the heat storage tank 1, and the heat transfer fluid is circulated between the heat storage tank 1 and the heat exchanger 28 and stored in the heat storage tank 1 as a heat radiation operation. In a capsule-type latent heat storage system that gives heat to the heat exchanger 28,
The heat transfer fluid that has exited the heat source device 20 is passed through the heat storage tank 1 via the circulation lines 25a, 25b, and 25c to store heat, and the heat transfer fluid that has exited the heat storage tank 1 corresponds to the nighttime heat load. A part or all of the flow is led to the heat exchanger 28 on the heat using device 26 side as a controlled flow rate, and is connected between the control valve V5 on the inlet side of the heat exchanger 28 or the heat exchanger 28 and downstream. The heat transfer fluid that has passed through the control valve V6 of the bypass pipe is configured to return to the heat storage tank 1 again via the circulation line 25c, and the control valve V5 is fully turned on during nighttime heat storage operation for heat storage operation. The valve is closed and the control valve V6 is fully opened, and at the time of dealing with a nighttime heat load, the opening of the control valves V5 and V6 is controlled according to the heat load to perform simultaneous operation corresponding to heat storage and heat load. Capsule type latent heat storage system. A heat transfer tube 24a having a diameter smaller than the diameter of the circulation conduit 25b is parallel to the middle of the circulation conduit 25b connected between the outlet of the heat storage tank 1 and the inlet of the heat exchanger 28 on the heat-using device 26 side. The latent heat utilizing heat storage device according to claim 1, wherein the heat transfer fluid is switched to the small-diameter heat transfer tube 24 a and the heat-transfer fluid temperature in the small-diameter heat transfer tube 24 a is appropriately controlled when the heat load is accommodated at night.

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