JP2001062431A - Refuse disposal device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently perform the decomposition and the elimination of refuse by mounting a stirring shaft having a strring blade rotating around the vertical axial center and arranged around a rotary shaft in a treating vessel, decomposing and eliminating the refuse charged into the treating vessel with bacteria and stirring and crushing with the stirring shaft to improve the stirring effect of the refuse with the bacteria. SOLUTION: Various kinds of the refuse is charged into the treating vessel 2 whith small spherical bodies from a refuse charging port 9 of a refuse disposal device 1, a cap body 10 is closed and the inside of the treating vessel 2 is heated by a heater H. A variable motor M is operated to rotate the stirring shaft 3 and the refuse is stirred to be rubbed with the small spherical bodies. At this time, the stirring shaft 3 is formed so as to arrange the stirring blade 4 rotated around the vertical axial center G spirally around the rotary shaft and the refuse is pushed up inside the treating vessel 2, turned on the inside surface of an upper plate 7, moved down again along the inner peripheral surface of a cylinder part 2A to be circulated. As a result, the refuse repeats to be vertically circulated with the bacteria to improve the stirring effect of the refuse with the bacteria and to accelerate the decomposition and the elimination of the refuse.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a refuse treatment apparatus capable of decomposing and eliminating refuse by bacteria.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art There are various types of refuse treatment apparatuses that use various methods such as hot air drying, pulverization and dehydration, and fungus treatment. Among them, the treatment method using bacteria decomposes refuse by fermentation bacteria and the like. Therefore, it has received the most attention from the viewpoint of environmental protection. FIG. 5 illustrates this type of conventional refuse treatment apparatus a. The refuse treatment apparatus a includes a stirring shaft d that can rotate around a horizontal axis inside a treatment tank b in which refuse is stored. The stirring shaft d includes a rotating shaft f and a number of stirring paddles c projecting therearound.

[0003]

However, with such a stirring shaft d that rotates around the horizontal axis, the efficiency of stirring the dust and bacteria inside the processing tank b is low, and thus the dust can be eliminated and decomposed. There were problems such as taking a lot of time.
Further, in order to eliminate dust in a short time as much as possible, it is necessary to allow more bacteria to enter not only the surface of the dust but also the inside of the dust. Conventionally, many fermentation bacteria and the like are planted in sawdust, wood chips, and the like, and then thrown into the treatment tank, and the efficiency of entry of bacteria into the garbage is not sufficient.

The present invention has been devised in view of the above-mentioned problems, and has a processing tank for accommodating input garbage,
In this treatment tank, a stirring blade that rotates around the vertical axis is basically provided with a stirring shaft provided around the rotation axis. It is an object of the present invention to provide a refuse treatment apparatus capable of eliminating trash and disassembling trash.

[0005]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a processing tank for storing input dust, and a stirring blade rotating about a vertical axis in the processing tank. And a stirring shaft provided around the shaft, wherein the stirring shaft crushes and stirs the dust in the treatment tank together with bacteria that decompose and eliminate the input dust.

The processing tank preferably has a substantially cylindrical tubular portion, and the vertical axis is preferably located at the center of the tubular portion of the tubular portion. Further, the stirring blade extends spirally around a rotation shaft, and the rotation shaft is rotatably supported by bearings at upper and lower portions of the processing tank. Further, the stirring shaft can be rotated by directly connecting a speed change motor to the lower end of the rotation shaft.

In the stirring shaft, a radial distance from the vertical axis to the outer peripheral surface of the stirring blade can be gradually reduced toward an upper side in an axial direction of the rotating shaft. In addition, it is preferable that the bacteria be planted in, for example, small spheres made of porous ceramics and charged into the treatment tank. When the small spheres are agitated together with the dust, the dust is damaged by not only the stirring blades but also the small spheres. Then, the bacteria implanted in the small spheres can penetrate from the damaged portion of the dust to the inside of the dust at the time of the contact, and serve to process the decomposition and disappearance of the dust in a short time.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS An embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 illustrates an overall perspective view of a refuse treatment apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment, and FIG. 2 illustrates a cross-sectional view thereof.
In the figure, a refuse treatment apparatus 1 is provided with a treatment tank 2 for accommodating inputted dust and a stirring blade 4 rotating around a vertical axis G in the treatment tank 2 around a rotation shaft 5. And a stirring shaft 3.

The processing tank 2 includes, for example, a vertically long cylindrical tube portion 2A erected on a base 6 and an upper plate 7 for closing the upper portion of the tube portion 2A. For example, in this example, a business type having a garbage storage volume of about 80 L is shown. The upper plate 7 has a dust inlet 9 (shown in FIG. 2) through which dust can be injected into the processing tank 2 and an openable / closable lid 1 that closes the dust inlet 9.
It has 0. For example, a key is desirably attached to the lid 10 in order to prevent the lid from being opened carelessly. Further, in this example, an example in which a viewing window W in which a glass plate or the like is inserted and which can see through the inside thereof is arranged in the lid 10 is exemplified. The space between the base 6 and the upper plate 7 is covered with an outer wall 19 extending vertically, and the caster T is disposed on the lower surface of the base 6 so that the refuse treatment apparatus 1 can move freely. .

[0010] Further, as shown in FIG.
The cylindrical portion 2A has an inner door 8A for taking out the garbage processed material and the like after the garbage is decomposed from the processing tank 2, and an outer door 8B that covers the inner door 8A is formed on the outer wall portion 19. For example. As described above, since the processing object is taken out through the double door, safety at the time of cleaning the processing object can be improved. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the treatment tank 2 is provided with a drain valve 14, an air intake 16, and an air exhaust 17. The drain valve 14 is connected to the bottom of the processing tank 2 via a water pipe 15 having a filter F1 containing activated carbon therein. Thereby, the water in the processing tank 2 can be drained without leaking the odor in the processing tank 2 to the outside.

The air intake section 16 and the air exhaust section 17
Has a cylindrical shape with one end communicating with the inside of the processing tank 2 and the other end open to the outside, and has filters F2 and F3 containing activated carbon therein. This allows air to enter and exit while preventing leakage of odor and the like in the processing tank 2. In the present embodiment, a deodorizing device D1 containing activated carbon is provided on the inner surface of the upper plate 7 near the dust inlet 9.
An example in which D2 is arranged is exemplified. This deodorizing device D1,
D2 contains at least a bacterium (for example, a natural mineral bacterium) generated from natural water, a lactic acid bacterium and activated carbon,
In the present example, it is formed in a sheet shape. Thereby, the processing tank 2
Various gases and the like generated in the inside can be effectively adsorbed and removed.

As shown in FIG. 1, a heater H covered with a heat insulating material such as glass wool or rock wool is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2A of the processing tank 2. The heater H
Is detachably attached to the cylindrical portion 2A by a band (not shown). The heater H can raise the internal temperature of the treatment tank 2 to, for example, 40 to 50 ° C. by heating the cylindrical portion 2A, promote the fermentation of bacteria, and promote the activity of decomposing and eliminating garbage by bacteria. Can be activated. The heater H is adjusted to a preset temperature and can be turned on and off automatically.

The stirring blade 4 is exemplified by a screw or a screw extending spirally around a rotating shaft 5. The vertical axis G of the stirring shaft 3 is a cylinder of the processing tank 2. It is arranged at the center of the cylinder of the portion 2A. Further, as schematically shown in FIG.
An example is shown in which an axial stirring paddle P extending from a radial direction is provided. The stirring paddle P is arranged such that its outer end is close to the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2A. Such a stirring shaft 3 can stir the inside of the processing tank 2 b in a well-balanced manner, and can effectively prevent stagnation of dust near the inner peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 2 </ b> A by the stirring paddle P.

In this embodiment, the rotating shaft 5 has an upper part and a lower part by a first bearing 11 arranged on the upper part of the cylindrical part 2A and a second bearing 12 provided on the base 6. And is rotatably supported. The first bearing 11 includes a cylindrical portion 2
A plurality of arms 11a extending in the radial direction from the inner peripheral surface of A
And a bearing 11b arranged at the center of the processing tank 2 by the arm 11a. Also, the second bearing 1
2 can rotatably support the rotating shaft 5 in a watertight state by incorporating a packing P made of, for example, natural rubber.

At the lower end of the rotating shaft 5, in this example, an output shaft of a speed change motor M whose speed can be changed according to a load is directly connected by a joint j. For this reason, attachment to the rotating shaft 5 and maintenance are facilitated as compared with those in which a chain, a speed reducer, or the like is interposed.
Reduce oil stains. However, it is needless to say that various drive mechanisms can be adopted without being limited to this.

The speed change motor M of the present embodiment is exemplified by one having a braking device (not shown). In this braking device, braking is performed by the opening operation of the lid 10 and the lid 1
It is configured such that the braking is released by closing 0. For this reason, the stirring shaft 3 can be stopped at the time of putting dust, which is useful for preventing an accident such as a finger touching the rotating stirring blade 4 by mistake. Although not shown,
The lid 10 is provided with a limit switch, a proximity switch, and the like that can detect the open state.

In the present embodiment, the bacteria are, for example, those planted in small spheres B using ceramics, as shown in FIG. The small sphere B is formed of an independent or continuous porous material, so that a large number of small pores 20 are formed from the surface to the inside, and bacteria are inoculated in the small pores 20. The ceramic preferably contains a substance having a natural radioactivity such as thorium oxide, uranium oxide, or radium oxide, or a substance containing a substance capable of emitting far infrared rays, magnetic energy, or the like. When bacteria are inoculated on such small spheres B, the bacteria can be suitably transformed by far-infrared rays or magnetic energy emitted from the ceramics, and propagation can be promoted.

The small sphere B is hard and has many irregularities on its surface.
The dust can be physically crushed more efficiently by contact with the dust, and the adhesion efficiency between the dust and the bacteria can be further promoted by allowing bacteria to immediately enter therefrom. The diameter of the small sphere B is, for example, 10 mm or less, more specifically, 2 mm.
It is preferably set to about 8 mm. In addition, instead of such small spheres B, or together with the small spheres B, bacteria may be introduced into the treatment tank 2 using sawdust, wood chips, bincho charcoal, etc. as carriers. Such small spheres B can be introduced, for example, in an amount of about ４ to ３ of the total capacity of the processing tank 2. The small sphere B may be either solid or hollow.

Various kinds of bacteria are used as the bacteria.
One or more, preferably two or more, of bacteria may be mixed and added. For example, Bacillus natto, yeast, actinomycete, cellulase-decomposing bacterium, lignin bacterium, bacterium secreting protide enzyme, nitrogen fixing bacterium, natural A mineral bacterium and the like can be mentioned, and a bacterium to be used is appropriately selected depending on a decomposed type or a disappeared type. It is also desirable to use different bacteria depending on the type of garbage to be put in.

In such a refuse treatment apparatus 1, various refuse are discharged from the refuse inlet 9 together with the small spheres B into the treatment tank 2.
It is thrown in. The type of garbage is not particularly limited.
Wood trash such as disposable chopsticks, thin plywood, wood chips, etc., high-molecular plastic trash such as cut styrofoam, plastic bottles, films, Saran wraps, sponges, plastic bags, etc. is there.

The operation is started when the lid 10 is closed, and the inside of the processing tank 2 is heated to a suitable temperature by the heater H and stopped. Thereafter, the speed change motor M is rotated in a predetermined direction, and the stirring shaft 3 is driven to rotate. As a result, the introduced dust is stirred while rubbing with the small spheres B. The agitation involves crushing of substances having a predetermined shape such as bones, shells, wood, and polymer products in the garbage, particularly garbage in the processing tank 2, and also serves to supply oxygen into the garbage. . Then, bacteria implanted in the small sphere B easily enter the dust from the rubbed portion or the crushed portion of the small sphere B, and the bacteria easily adhere and propagate, and furthermore, decomposition and disappearance are promoted.

The stirring shaft 3 is provided with a stirring blade 4 rotating around the vertical axis G in the processing tank, in this embodiment, a stirring blade 4 extending spirally around the rotation shaft 5. As shown in FIG. 3, the rotation of the stirring shaft 3 in a predetermined direction causes the stirring shaft 3 to rotate.
The dust in the vicinity can be pushed up to the upper part of the processing tank 2, and the pushed dust and the like can be lowered again on the inner surface of the upper plate 7 along the inner peripheral surface of the folded tubular portion 2A and circulated. By repeating such agitation accompanied by up and down circulation of dust and bacteria, the stirring efficiency is further improved as compared with the case where the stirring shaft 3 is rotated around the horizontal axis, and the decomposition and disappearance of dust are enhanced. sell. In addition, as shown by a dashed line in FIG. 3, an inner cylinder 21 or the like may be provided to further promote the circulation of the dust. The agitation may be performed continuously after the dust is introduced. For example, an operation cycle in which the operation is continuously performed for a predetermined time and then stopped for a predetermined time may be repeated.

In this embodiment, the cylindrical portion 2A has a substantially cylindrical shape, and the stirring shaft 3 has a radial distance r1, r2,... From the vertical axis G to the outer peripheral surface 4a of the stirring blade 4.
An example in which the rotation shaft 5 gradually decreases toward the upper part in the axial direction is illustrated. Thereby, the gap between the inner surface of the cylindrical portion 2A and the outer peripheral surface 4a of the stirring blade 4 becomes wider toward the upper part. For this reason, at the time of dust input, the dust can reach the lower part of the processing tank 2 and the dust input efficiency can be improved.
Agitation and circulation by the pushing are further improved, and the time for decomposing or eliminating garbage can be further reduced. Of course, a stirring shaft having a constant radial distance r1, r2... From the vertical axis G to the outer peripheral surface 4a of the stirring blade 4 can also be employed.

Here, the decomposition and extinction are based on the oxidizing action of bacteria. Since the oxidizing action of the bacteria is performed at a lower temperature than incineration, no harmful substances such as methane gas, chlorofluorocarbon gas and dioxin are generated, and the air is not polluted. In the case of a decomposition type refuse disposal apparatus, refuse is decomposed by bacteria into refuse-treated products having a volume ratio of water, carbon dioxide gas and the added trash of about 1/10 to 1/5, for example, within about 24 hours. Part of the moisture evaporates due to the latent heat at the time of decomposition, is deodorized from the air exhaust port 17 together with the carbon dioxide gas, and is discharged to the outside. The remainder of the water is discharged from the drain valve 14. The treated garbage can be taken out of the outlet as a dry powder, for example, and can be used as an organic fertilizer or the like as a fertilizer for horticulture, a farm or the like because it contains nitrogen, phosphoric acid, potassium and the like in a well-balanced manner.
In the case of the annihilation type refuse treatment apparatus 1, refuse becomes water and carbon dioxide gas, and does not substantially produce the refuse treated material.

It is to be noted that, for example, by making the lower part of the processing tank 2 spherical, it is also possible to prevent stagnation of the processed refuse products. Further, the stirring blade 4 is not limited to the above-described embodiment, and can be implemented in various shapes.

[0026]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the processing tank for storing the input dust and the stirring blade rotating about the vertical axis in the processing tank are rotated about the rotation axis. By providing the agitation shaft provided in the above, the efficiency of agitation or adhesion between the garbage and the bacteria in the processing tank can be enhanced, and a garbage disposal apparatus capable of eliminating or decomposing the garbage in a relatively short time can be provided.

Further, in the invention according to claim 2, the processing tank has a substantially cylindrical shape, the vertical axis is disposed at the center of the processing tank, and the stirring blade is disposed around the rotation axis. By extending in a spiral shape, dust in the vicinity of the stirring shaft can be pushed up by rotation of the stirring shaft in a predetermined direction,
In addition, the pushed-up dust and the like can be circulated by lowering again along the inner surface of the return processing tank at the upper part of the processing tank. This enhances crushing of garbage or stirring with bacteria,
Decomposition and destruction of garbage can be further promoted.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, when dust is introduced, the dust can reach the lower portion of the processing tank 2, thereby improving the dust storage efficiency and further increasing the dust circulation by the stirring. It further improves and helps to reduce the time for decomposing or eliminating garbage.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the introduced dust is stirred while being rubbed with the small spheres made of ceramics. Therefore, the dust is planted on the small spheres from the rubbing portion with the small spheres or the crushing portion. Bacteria easily invaded and attached,
Breeding is facilitated, and thus decomposition and disappearance are promoted.
In addition, since the small spheres are made of ceramics, they have higher durability than sawdust, wood chips, and the like, and can be repeatedly used semi-permanently as a carrier for bacteria.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall perspective view of a refuse treatment apparatus of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view thereof.

FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing a stirring flow of dust in a processing tank.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a microsphere for inoculating a fungus.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a conventional dust processing apparatus.

[Explanation of symbols]

 2 Treatment tank 3 Stirrer 4 Input port 5 Discharge port 6 Rotating shaft 7 Stirrer blade 9 Weir body A Waste treatment product

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A processing tank for accommodating input dust, and a stirring shaft provided around a rotation axis with a stirring blade rotating around a vertical axis in the processing tank. A refuse treatment apparatus, wherein the stirring shaft crushes and stirs the refuse in the treatment tank together with the bacteria that decomposes and disappears. 2. The processing tank has a substantially cylindrical tube portion, the vertical axis is disposed at the center of the tube portion, and the stirring blade spirals around a rotation axis. 2. The refuse according to claim 1, wherein the rotating shaft is rotatably supported by bearings at upper and lower portions of the processing tank, and a speed change motor is directly connected to a lower end of the rotating shaft. Processing equipment. 3. The stirring shaft according to claim 2, wherein a radial distance from the vertical axis to an outer peripheral surface of the stirring blade gradually decreases toward an upper portion in an axial direction of the rotating shaft. Garbage disposal device. 4. The waste disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein said bacteria are planted in small spheres made of ceramics.