JP2001055891A - Cutter bit changing mechanism of shield machine - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a cutter bit changing mechanism of a shield machine which enables a cutter bit attached to a cutter tip to be replaced from within a shield body. SOLUTION: This cutter bit changing mechanism of a shield machine includes: a cutter base 8 freely rotationally provided at the front 3 of a shield body 4; a spoke-shaped cutter tip 14 provided on the cutter base 8 in such as way as to freely flex rearwards; a cutter bit 18 attached to the cutter tip 14; a cylindrical cutter shield member 19 provided in front of the front 3 of the shield body 4 in such a way as to freely protrude and retract and storing both the cutter tip 14 which is bent when it protrudes and the cutter bit 18; a seal member 24 provided on the inner peripheral surface of the cutter shield member 19 in such a way as to freely expand and contact and abutting on the cutter tip 14 stored therein when it expands; and a lid member 26 freely releasably provided inside the cutter shield member 19 while separating the working face side from the inside of a shaft.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a cutter bit exchanging mechanism of a shield machine capable of exchanging a cutter bit attached to a cutter tip from inside a shield body.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In a shield excavator, a cutter provided at a front portion of a shield body is rotated to excavate a face with a cutter bit, and a reaction force is applied to a segment assembled in the shield body to remove the shield body. To move forward. When performing long-distance construction with such a shield excavator, the cutter bit is worn in the middle of the excavation path,
Worn cutter bits need to be replaced.

Conventionally, a cutter bit is replaced by a method in which an intermediate shaft is provided from the ground in the middle of the excavation route, and a shield excavator is guided there to replace the ground in the intermediate shaft. After improving the ground by injecting chemicals and freezing, etc. to secure the independence and water stoppage of the ground, the worker goes out of the inside of the shield body and digs the hardened ground by hand to perform the replacement work. Have been.

[0004]

However, in any of these construction methods, ground work is required in the course of the excavation route, which may not be possible depending on traffic conditions on the ground. . Further, when the excavation route is deep or when excavating the seabed, it is practically impossible to construct an intermediate shaft or inject chemicals from the ground. In addition, construction of an intermediate shaft, ground improvement by injection of chemicals, and the like require a considerable construction period and cost, which leads to prolonged construction and high cost.

On the other hand, a cutter bit attached to a cutter has a longer sliding distance with respect to a face than a bit attached radially outward of a rotating cutter than a bit attached radially inward of a rotating cutter. Easy to wear. Therefore,
There has been a demand for an exchange mechanism that can be exchanged from the inside of the shield main body without using the above-mentioned construction method (intermediate shaft construction method, ground improvement construction method) even with only the bit attached radially outside the cutter, that is, at the tip of the cutter.

An object of the present invention created in consideration of the above circumstances is to provide a cutter bit exchanging mechanism of a shield excavator capable of exchanging a cutter bit attached to a cutter tip from inside a shield body.

[0007]

In order to achieve the above object, a cutter bit exchanging mechanism of a shield machine according to the present invention is provided.
A cutter base rotatably provided at the front of the shield body, a spoke-shaped cutter tip provided at the cutter base so as to be able to bend rearward, a cutter bit attached to the cutter tip, and the shield A cylindrical shield member for a cutter, which is provided at the front of the main body so as to be able to protrude and retract forwardly and accommodates the cutter tip bent at the time of projection, together with a cutter bit, and is capable of expanding and contracting on the inner peripheral surface of the cutter shield member. A cutter member which comes into contact with the tip of the cutter housed therein when inflated, and a lid member which is detachably provided inside the shield member for the cutter to partition the face side and the inside of the pit. It is.

According to the present invention, when replacing the cutter bit attached to the cutter tip, the cutter tip is first bent backward with respect to the cutter base, and then the cutter shield member is projected forward. The bent tip of the cutter is housed therein, and then the seal member is expanded to stop water between the inner peripheral surface of the shield member for the cutter and the outer peripheral surface of the distal end of the cutter. As a result, a water-stopped working space for replacing the cutter bit is formed in the cutter shield member. Thereafter, the cover member of the cutter shield member is removed, and the cutter bit attached to the tip of the cutter is replaced from within the shield body in the working space. After the replacement, perform the reverse of the above operation, and return the replaced new cutter bit to the original excavation position.

[0009]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

As shown in FIG. 6, the shield machine 1
It has a shield body 4 composed of a shield frame 2 formed in a cylindrical shape and a partition wall 3 partitioning the inside of the shield frame back and forth.
The partition 3 corresponds to the front part in the claims.

The shield frame 2 is provided with a propulsion jack 6 for moving the shield body 4 forward by taking a reaction force on the existing segment 5. The segment 5 is assembled in the shield frame 2 by an unillustrated erector. A screw conveyor 7 for transporting excavated earth and sand into the pit is attached to the partition wall 3. In the case of a muddy water shield instead of an earth pressure shield as shown in the figure, a mud feed pipe and a mud drain pipe are attached to the partition instead of the screw conveyor 7.

A cutter base 8 is rotatably mounted on the partition wall 3. As shown in FIG. 7, the cutter base 8 includes four spoke bodies 9 radially arranged at intervals of 90 degrees.
Having. A cutter bit 10 (a roller bit or a tooth bit) is attached to each spoke body 9.
The spacing and the number of the spokes 9 are not limited to the illustrated example, but may be any number as long as the number is two or more, and the spacing between the spokes 9 is not limited to an equal spacing.

An intermediate beam 11 extending rearward is attached to a side of each spoke body 9 opposite to the face. As shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, the tip of each intermediate beam 11 is attached to a ring 13 that is rotatably supported by a partition 3 via a bearing 12.
3 is rotationally driven by a drive motor (not shown).
According to this configuration, the cutter base 8 is rotationally driven by operating the drive motor.

The cutter base 8 may be of a center shaft support type, instead of the intermediate beam support type as shown in FIG. Further, the cutter base 8 is not limited to the spoke shape as in the illustrated example, but may be a face plate shape. In short, the cutter base 8 is a cutter tip 1 described later.
It is only necessary to have a function of supporting the support 4, and the form and the rotation support method are not limited.

At the tip of each spoke body 9 of the cutter base 8, as shown in FIGS. 7 and 8, a cutter tip 14 formed in a spoke shape can be bent rearward via a hinge mechanism 15, respectively. Installed. The cutter tip 14 is formed in a columnar or elliptical column shape, and is controlled by a cylinder 16 housed inside the spoke body 9.
From the state where the axis is aligned with the spoke body 9 as shown in FIG. 1, the spoke body 9 is bent backward by 90 degrees as shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 8, one end of the cylinder 16 is supported by the cutter tip 14 and the other end is supported by the spoke body 9. As shown in FIG. 2, the spoke body 9 is formed with a notch 17 for allowing the cutter tip 14 to bend. The notch 17 is provided with a cover (not shown) to prevent earth and sand from entering the inside of the spoke body 9. 1 is attached to each cutter tip 14.
As shown in FIG. 1, a replaceable cutter bit 18 (a roller bit or a tooth bit) is attached.

As shown in FIGS. 1 and 7, a shield member 19 for a cutter formed in a cylindrical shape is provided on the partition wall 3 of the shield body 4 so as to be able to protrude and retract in the forward direction in the excavation direction. The cutter shield member 19 is mounted in a hole 20 opened in the partition wall 3 via a seal 21, and accommodates the cutter tip 14 bent together with the bit 18 together with the bit 18 as shown in FIG. 3. is there. A flange portion 22 serving as a stopper at the time of protrusion is provided at a root portion of the cutter shield member 19.

The cutter shield member 19 is projected forward and backward with respect to the partition wall 3 by a cylinder 23 having one end supported by a pin on the flange portion 22 and the other end supported by a pin on the shield frame 2. As shown in FIG. 1, the shield member 19 for the cutter is
Is flush with the partition wall 3, and accommodates the bent tip 14 of the cutter together with the bit 18 as shown in FIG.
The cylinder 23 may be detached during normal excavation of the excavator 1 and attached only when exchanging bits.

On the inner peripheral surface of the cutter shield member 19,
An expandable and contractible seal member 24 is provided along the circumferential direction. The seal member 24 is made of an elastic film such as rubber with high elasticity, and as shown in FIG. 5, fluid (oil, water, oil, water, etc.) passes through a passage 25 formed in the plate thickness of the cutter shield member 19. As shown in FIG. 3, the cutter tip 14 is accommodated together with the bit 18 in the cutter shield member 19 during the contraction. Abuts on the cutter tip portion 14 housed in the housing to stop the water there between.

As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, inside the cutter shield member 19, a lid member 26 for separating the face side from the inside of the pit is detachably attached to the shield body 4 (shield frame 2). Is provided. The lid member 26 has a cylindrical portion 27 formed in accordance with the inner diameter of the cutter shield member 19, a bottom plate portion 28 provided at the tip of the cylindrical portion 27 so as to be flush with the partition wall 3, and a cylindrical portion 27. A flange portion 30 is provided at the rear end and is attached to and detached from the bracket 29 of the shield frame 2 with bolts or the like.

Since the bottom plate 28 of the cover member 26 is flush with the partition wall 3, the inside of the cutter shield member 19 is not only partitioned into the face side and the inside of the pit, but also the excavated earth and sand is used for the cutter shield member. Intrusion into the inside of the member 19 is also prevented. Further, since the cylindrical portion 27 of the lid member 26 is formed in accordance with the length of the shield member 19 for the cutter,
As shown in FIG. 1, when the cutter shield member 19 is superimposed, it also has a function of protecting the contracted seal member 24 from excavated earth and sand.

Water is stopped in the gap 31 between the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 27 of the lid member 26 and the inner peripheral surface of the cutter shield member 19 by a sealing material 32 attached to the inner peripheral surface of the cutter shield member 19. Is done. In addition, as shown in FIG. 1, in a state where the cutter shield member 19 is immersed,
Not only the sealing material 32 but also the sealing member 24
Demonstrate the water stopping function of Therefore, for example, the sealing member 24
By closing the valve connected to the passage 25 shown in FIG. 5 in a state where some fluid is supplied, the seal member 24 is kept in a slightly expanded state, and the water stopping performance of the gap 31 during normal excavation is improved. You may make it increase.

The operation of the present embodiment having the above configuration will be described.

The bits 10 and 18 attached to the cutter base 8 and the cutter tip 14 shown in FIG. 6 wear as the shield machine 1 excavates. Here, the bit 18 attached to the cutter tip 14 located radially outward has a longer sliding distance with respect to the face than the bit 10 attached to the cutter base 8 located radially inward. Easy to wear. The bit 18 (roller bit,
The teeth bit is replaced from inside the shield body 4 as follows.

First, by appropriately rotating the cutter base 8 shown in FIG. 7, the cutter tip 14 to which the bit 18 to be replaced is attached is positioned in front of the cutter shield member 19, and To the state shown in FIG. Next, as shown in FIG. 2, by extending the cylinder 16, the cutter tip portion 14 is bent backward by 90 degrees with respect to the cutter base portion 8.

Next, as shown in FIG. 3, the cutter shield member 19 is projected forward by the cylinder 23,
The bent tip portion 14 is accommodated therein together with the bit 18. At this time, the protruding cutter shield member 19 is guided by the inner peripheral surface of the hole 20 opened in the partition wall 3 and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 27 of the lid member 26, so that the cutter shield member 19 is smooth without being twisted obliquely. To move forward. Also,
The water blocking of the gap 31 between the inner peripheral surface of the cutter shield member 19 and the outer peripheral surface of the cylindrical portion 27 of the lid member 26 is performed by a seal member 32 attached to the inner peripheral surface of the cutter shield member 19.

Next, the seal member 24 is expanded and brought into contact with the outer peripheral surface of the cutter distal end portion 14 with a predetermined pressing force, so that the inner peripheral surface of the cutter shield member 19 and the outer peripheral surface of the cutter distal end portion 14 are separated. Stop the water. Here, since the cutter tip portion 14 is formed in a cylindrical or elliptical column shape, by aligning its axis with the axis of the shield member 19 for the cutter,
The contact (pressing force) of the expanded seal member 24 becomes substantially uniform along the circumferential direction. Therefore, the water stoppage is increased.

The portion 33 of the cutter tip 14 to which the inflated seal member 24 contacts does not have the bit 18 or the like attached thereto, and is naturally formed with a smooth surface. In addition, the bit 18 to be replaced is, of course, mounted radially outward from the portion 33 of the cutter tip 14 in the state shown in FIG.
When the tip 14 of the cutter has an elliptical column shape, it is desirable that the shield member 19 for the cutter also has an elliptical cylindrical shape in order to enhance the water stopping function.

By the above operation, as shown in FIG.
In the shield member 19 for the cutter, a water-stopped work space 34 for exchanging bits is formed. Then, FIG.
As shown in (2), the lid member 26 that partitioned the cutter shield member 19 back and forth is removed, and the worn bit 18 attached to the cutter tip 14 is replaced from within the shield body 4 in the work space 34. I do. At this time, the water stop between the inner peripheral surface of the cutter shield member 19 and the outer peripheral surface of the cutter tip portion 14 is performed by the expanded seal member 24.

After the replacement, the operation reverse to the above is performed, and the replaced new cutter bit 18 is returned to the original excavation position shown in FIG. That is, after the replacement, the cover member 26 is attached from the state shown in FIG. 4 as shown in FIG. 3, the seal member 24 is contracted, the cutter shield member 19 is pulled in as shown in FIG. Raise the tip 14,
Return to the state of FIG. Thereafter, by rotating the cutter base 8 appropriately, another cutter tip 14 is positioned in front of the cutter shield member 19 and fixed at the rotated position, and the same operation as described above (FIGS. 1 to 4) is performed. ) Is repeated to replace the bit 18.

By performing such an operation for all the cutter tips 14 (four in the illustrated example), the bits 18 (roller bits, teeth bits) attached to the cutter tips 14 that are easily worn can be removed from the shield body 4. Can be replaced by underground work only. At this time, since ground work (drug injection, freezing of ground, construction of an intermediate shaft, and the like), which is required by the conventional method, is not required at all, the construction period can be shortened and the construction cost can be reduced. In addition, since ground work is not required, it can be performed regardless of the traffic situation on the ground,
It can also be used for deep excavation and undersea excavation. In addition, since the replacement operation can be performed in the shield main body 4 without the worker coming to the face, the safety is high.

[0032]

As described above, according to the cutter bit exchanging mechanism of the shield machine according to the present invention, the cutter bit attached to the tip of the cutter can be exchanged from inside the shield body.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a cutter bit exchange mechanism of a shield machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the cutter bit exchange mechanism.

FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the cutter bit exchange mechanism.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory view showing the operation of the cutter bit exchange mechanism.

FIG. 5 is an enlarged sectional view of a seal member of the cutter bit exchange mechanism.

FIG. 6 is a side sectional view of a shield machine provided with the cutter bit exchange mechanism.

FIG. 7 is a front view of a shield machine provided with the cutter bit exchange mechanism.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a cutter base and a cutter tip of the cutter bit exchange mechanism.

[Description of Signs] 1 shield excavator 3 partition wall as front part 4 shield body 8 cutter base 14 cutter tip 18 cutter bit 19 cutter shield member 24 seal member 26 cover member

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Yoshihiko Tabata 1 Higashi-Shinmachi, Higashi-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture Inside (72) Inventor Tomokazu Matsui 1 Higashi-Shinmachi, Higashi-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture Chubu Electric Power Stock Inside the company (72) Inventor Koji Yamada 1 Higashi-shinmachi, Higashi-ku, Nagoya City, Aichi Prefecture Inside Chubu Electric Power Co., Inc. (72) Inventor Yuji Sakuma 11-1, Kitahama-cho, Chita City, Aichi Prefecture Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd. 72) Inventor Takashi Rannichi 11-1, Kitahama-cho, Chita-shi, Aichi Prefecture Ishikawajima-Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.Aichi Plant (72) Inventor Yuzuru Yoshida 11-1, Kitahama-cho, Chita-shi, Aichi Prefecture Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Industries Co., Ltd.F Terms (reference) 2D054 BA03 BB02 BB07

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A cutter base rotatably provided on a front portion of a shield body, a spoke-shaped cutter tip provided on the cutter base so as to be bent rearward, and a cutter attached to the cutter tip. A bit, a cylindrical shield member for the cutter, which is provided at the front of the shield body so as to be able to protrude and retract forward and accommodates a cutter tip bent at the time of projection, together with the cutter bit; and an inner periphery of the cutter shield member. A sealing member which is provided on the surface so as to be capable of expanding and contracting, and which comes into contact with the tip of the cutter which is accommodated therein at the time of the expansion; And a cutter bit exchanging mechanism for a shield machine.