JP2001047031A - Agent, method, and apparatus for cleaning polluted environment - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a technology for removing pollutants effectively from a polluted environment. SOLUTION: An enzyme treatment tank 20 has a treatment space which receives wastewater overflowing from an ozone treatment tank 10 and stores it temporarily, In the space, an diffuser 21 which agitates the wastewater in the tank 20 and various sensors for monitoring the quality of the wastewater are provided to function as a enzyme treatment mechanism. For example, when lignin peroxidase is used as an enzyme, on the basis of the information of enzyme sensors 22a included in the sensors 22, the amount of the enzyme to be supplied from a cleaning agent supply part 23a as a conditioning liquid supply part 23 is controlled, and an enzyme concentration in the tank 20 is kept uniformly at 0.5-500 mg/liter.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a polluting agent, a method and a device for purifying a polluted environment, for example, for purifying soils, water bodies and the like contaminated with pollutants represented by environmental hormones such as dioxin and toxic substances. Related to the technology.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, for example, when soil is contaminated with contaminants, a method has been adopted in which the soil is removed and non-contaminated soil is newly introduced to modify the soil. I have.

[0003]

However, even by such a method, the contaminants do not disappear.
A further problem is how to dispose of the contaminated soil that has been removed. Such soil is sealed, melted, vitrified, incinerated at high temperature, chemically extracted, etc., and detoxification is attempted. However, detoxification requires expensive equipment. Or requires a great deal of labor, and a processing technique that can replace this is desired.

[0004] Therefore, techniques for decomposing and removing the above contaminants by microorganisms to make them harmless have been developed. However, there are problems such as a low decomposition rate and a change in decomposition ability depending on the properties of soil. It is hardly enough.

[0005] These detoxification techniques for pollutants have been found in wastewater treatment and water-based environments in addition to soil, and there is a need for improvement.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a technique capable of effectively removing contaminants from a contaminated environment in view of the above situation.

[0007]

A feature of the polluting environment purifying agent of the present invention for achieving this object resides in that it comprises an oxidase-containing composition.
It is preferable to contain at least one oxidase selected from lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, and laccase, and it is more preferable that the oxidase-containing composition contains a chelating agent or a surfactant. The enzyme-containing composition may contain an oxidase-producing bacterium. Further, the characteristic means of the method for purifying a polluted environment according to the present invention is characterized in that the method includes an enzyme treatment step of supplying the polluted environment purifying agent to the portion to be purified, and the components contained in the portion to be purified derived from a fluid extracted from the polluted environment. It is desirable to include a biological treatment step of performing biodegradation treatment. Furthermore, the components contained in the purification target part derived from the extraction fluid from the polluted environment are subjected to hydroxyl radical treatment (hydroxyl radicals include ozone treatment, ozone / uv treatment, and ozone /
H ₂ O ₂ treatment, ozone / UV / H ₂ O ₂ treatment, shall be collectively referred to decompose highly active substances formed by other methods (· OH)) preferably includes a hydroxy radical treatment process. The characteristic configuration of the polluted environment purifying apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that a purifying agent supply unit that supplies the contaminated environmental purifying agent is provided in a purification target portion derived from a fluid extracted from the polluted environment. The present invention is characterized in that a biological treatment mechanism for biodegrading components contained in a target part to be purified is provided. It is preferable to provide a hydroxy radical treatment mechanism for treating the components contained in the purification target portion derived from the extraction fluid from the polluted environment with hydroxy radicals.

[Effects] In other words, in a conventional method for purifying a polluted environment using a microorganism as a polluted environment purifying agent,
It is considered that the microorganism has a detoxification mechanism in which various contaminants are oxidatively decomposed by producing oxidizing enzymes. Therefore, the present inventors have found that the rate of detoxification by these microorganisms is low, because the production amount of oxidase may not be sufficient depending on the growth ability of the microorganism itself, and accordingly, oxidative degradation of pollutants may occur. We thought that there might be cases where this was not performed sufficiently, and as a result of earnest research, came to the present invention. In other words, when the oxidase-containing composition is used as the contaminated environment purifying agent, the microorganism can directly decompose and remove the contaminant, compared to the case where the microorganism produces the oxidase and oxidatively decomposes the contaminant. The efficiency of detoxification can be achieved in accordance with the amount of the pollutant used.

Here, as the oxidase-containing composition,
Lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, laccase, if it contains at least one oxidase selected from cellobiose dehydrogenase,
It is easily available as the oxidizing enzyme and exhibits high ability in oxidative decomposition of pollutants. When an enzymatic reaction to dioxin is assumed, it is desirable to use an enzyme that performs a one-electron oxidation reaction that enables a dechlorination reaction or an enzyme that generates a radical. Furthermore, oxidases that have been subjected to various chemical modifications can also be used.

The contaminants may be water-soluble or water-insoluble, but it is effective that the environment in which the oxidase works is dissolved in water. It is considered effective to operate in a state not affected by heavy metal components and the like. Therefore, if the oxidase-containing composition contains a chelating agent or a surfactant, the oxidase is solubilized even in the case of water-insoluble contaminants, and the oxidase is not easily affected by heavy metals and the like. It is advantageous because it can work. The chelating agent has a high function of mainly coordinating with heavy metals to prevent the oxidizing enzyme from being adversely affected, and the surfactant is used under conditions of dissolution even if it is mainly an insoluble contaminant. It is considered useful in that it can be acted on.

Further, according to the polluting environment purifying agent of the present invention,
Compared to the case of using conventional microorganisms, it is considered to be useful in that it can exhibit immediate effect, but in an environment where a contaminated environmental purification agent has been once acted, the oxidase has already been consumed, and When contaminated by contaminants, it is assumed that it is difficult to obtain the detoxifying effect of the contaminants. However, if the oxidase-containing composition contains an oxidase-producing bacterium, the oxidase-producing bacterium contained in the environment, while obtaining a high action of the oxidase at the initial stage, is oxidase It is assumed that a situation where the supply of wastewater is continuously provided is useful in carrying out environmental purification from a long-term perspective. As such a microorganism, a white rot fungus, a recombinant thereof, or the like is used, and any other microorganism that produces an oxidase is usefully used.

The oxidase-containing composition may contain an extender such as clay, bentonite, bran, etc., soil, ash, various regulators, buffers, etc.
When a microorganism is used in combination, a nutrient such as glucose, cellulose, or lignin, or a culture substrate is preferably added. Further, such a composition may be used as a preparation encapsulated with polyalginic acid or the like, or as granicol, powder, liquid, or flowable preparation.

Further, according to the method for purifying a polluted environment of the present invention, an enzymatic treatment step of supplying the polluted environment purifying agent to a portion to be purified is included. The oxidizing enzyme works to make the pollutants harmless.

Further, by subjecting the components contained in the purification target portion derived from the extraction fluid from the polluted environment to a biological treatment process for biodegrading, the pollutants detoxified by the action of the oxidase are further reduced to low molecular weight. To further contribute to environmental purification, or to perform more advanced environmental purification, such as by decomposing pollutants to some extent and converting it to a substance that can easily work with oxidase, and then detoxifying it. You can measure. Furthermore, if the components contained in the purification target portion derived from the extraction fluid from the polluted environment are subjected to a hydroxyl radical treatment step of subjecting the components to a hydroxyl radical decomposition treatment, the hydroxyl radical decomposition treatment also causes the contaminant or the enzymatic decomposition generation of the contaminant. Since the substance can be decomposed to reduce the molecular weight, an advanced purification treatment can be efficiently performed as in the biological treatment step. Incidentally, the biological treatment step, particularly, detoxified contaminants, further, often exhibit a high ability when converting to a low-molecular compound, it is preferable to perform after the enzyme treatment step, Conversely, the hydroxyl radical treatment step has an extremely high oxidizing power, and is often useful for decomposing contaminants to some extent and converting it to a substance that easily acts on an oxidase. It is preferred to do so.

In the polluted environment purifying apparatus of the present invention, if a purifying agent supply section for supplying the contaminated environmental purifying agent is provided in a purifying target derived from a fluid extracted from the polluted environment, the contaminated environment purifying method is performed. An enzymatic treatment step can be performed at the time of performing, and continuous purification of the polluted environment using a fluid becomes possible. Similarly, if a biological treatment mechanism for biodegrading components contained in the purification target part derived from the extraction fluid from the polluted environment and a hydroxyl radical treatment mechanism for hydroxyl radical decomposition treatment are provided, Also in the treatment process, it is possible to continuously purify the polluted environment using the fluid, so that it is possible to work efficiently as a treatment plant.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. As shown in FIG. 1, the wastewater treatment apparatus as the polluted environment purification apparatus of the present invention includes an ozone treatment tank 10, an enzyme treatment tank 20, a microorganism treatment tank 30, and a solid-liquid separation tank 40 from the upstream side. It is configured so that pollutants extracted from the environment by rainwater or the like can be rendered harmless and released to the surrounding environment.

The ozone treatment tank 10 is provided with an inflow port 11 for receiving the waste water to be treated and has a treatment space for temporarily storing the waste water to be treated. The treatment space includes an ozone aeration device 12 and the inside of the tank. It has an air diffuser 13 for stirring the waste water to be treated, and has a built-in ozone sensor 14 for monitoring the ozone concentration to function as a hydroxy radical treatment mechanism. Here, the amount of ozone aerated by the ozone aeration device 12 is feedback-controlled based on the information of the ozone sensor 14, and the ozone concentration in the ozone treatment tank 10 is adjusted to 0.01 to 5 mg / m ^3.
And can be maintained uniformly. In addition, the ozone treatment tank 1
If the ozone concentration in 0 is set to 0.01 mg / m ³ or more, efficient ozone treatment can be performed.

The enzyme treatment tank 20 is provided with a treatment space for receiving the wastewater to be treated from the ozone treatment tank 10 by overflow and temporarily storing the wastewater, and agitating the wastewater to be treated in the enzyme treatment tank 20 in the treatment space. In addition to an air diffuser 21, various sensors 22 for monitoring the water quality of the wastewater to be treated are built in, and function as an enzyme treatment mechanism. Further, an adjustment liquid supply unit 23 for supplying a liquid property adjusting agent such as an acid, a base, a metal salt, and an oxidase to the processing space to adjust the liquid property of the wastewater to be processed is provided. Here, the supply of the liquid property adjusting agent from the adjusting liquid supply unit 23 is feedback-controlled based on information from the various sensors 22. For example, when lignin peroxidase is used as the enzyme, Based on the information of the enzyme sensor 22a included in the enzyme sensor 22, the enzyme supply amount from the purifying agent supply unit 23a as the adjustment liquid supply unit 23 is adjusted, and the enzyme concentration in the enzyme treatment tank 20 is set to 0.5 to 50
It is configured so that it can be maintained uniformly at 0 mg / liter.
In addition, when using lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, laccase, etc. as the oxidase,
If the enzyme concentration is 0.5 mg / liter or more, stable processing can be performed continuously. Further, examples of the other liquid property adjusting agents include hydrogen peroxide, valyl alcohol, a surfactant, and the like, and a liquid adjusting section 23 for supplying each liquid property adjusting agent to the enzyme treatment tank, It is assumed that various sensors are provided, and similar feedback control is performed for pH, temperature, and the like. For example, the hydrogen peroxide is added to enhance the ability of the enzyme to decompose contaminants, and is adjusted to 30 μM to 5 mM. The valyl alcohol concentration is adjusted to 5 mM or less. Is added at a concentration of 50% from 0.01 to 0.1%. When enzyme inhibition due to the influence of heavy metals or the like is expected, EDTA, EGTA
0.1 to 50 mg / liter. Further, the enzyme treatment tank 20 is provided with an air lift pump 24, and returns insoluble products and the like generated due to the enzyme treatment of settling sludge and contaminants to the ozone treatment tank.
Further, the configuration is such that a decomposition process can be performed.

The microorganism treatment tank 30 has a treatment space for accommodating activated sludge, temporarily storing wastewater to be treated which overflows, and aerobically decomposing it by microorganisms, and functions as a biological treatment mechanism. In addition, an air diffuser 3 is provided in the processing space.
1 is provided, and the activated sludge is supplied and stirred,
Activated sludge digests BOD. As a result, the wastewater to be treated containing the pollutants is almost completely rendered harmless and fixed as biomass. The amount of dissolved oxygen and the like in the microorganism treatment tank is controlled by a sensor 32, and the amount of air diffused by the air diffuser 31 is controlled so as to be kept substantially constant.

The solid-liquid separation tank 40 is provided with a flat membrane 4 having a porous polypropylene porous membrane in a treatment space for receiving and temporarily storing wastewater to be treated from the microorganism treatment tank 30.
1a is fixed to a frame 41b, and a membrane separation device 41 configured to suction-filter the waste water to be treated by a suction pump 41c is provided therein, and the flat membrane 41a of the membrane separation device 41 is supplied with air to be treated. An air diffuser 42 is provided to prevent solid components to be separated by filtration when the waste water is subjected to solid-liquid separation. Further, an air lift pump 43 is provided in the processing space.
And a solid component such as settled sludge is returned to the microorganism treatment tank to be further decomposed.

When the rainwater extracted from the polluted environment is supplied to the polluted environment purifying apparatus as the wastewater to be treated, the ozone treatment tank 10 performs a hydroxyl radical treatment of the pollutants contained in the polluted environment. A radical treatment step can be performed. Next, the enzyme treatment tank 2
At 0, an enzymatic treatment step of detoxifying the ozone-treated wastewater by enzymatic treatment can be performed, and a biological treatment step can be performed in the microorganism treatment tank 30. further,
When the solid-liquid separation step is performed in the solid-liquid separation tank, the pollutants contained in the polluted environment are detoxified by the polluted environment purification device, and the environment is purified.

[Another Embodiment] Another embodiment will be described below. In the above embodiment, the ozone treatment tank 10, the enzyme treatment tank 20, and the microorganism treatment tank 30 are separately provided, and the respective detoxification steps are sequentially performed in the respective tanks. Simultaneous enzyme treatment step (2) Simultaneous enzyme treatment step and biological treatment step (3) Simultaneous treatment of hydroxyl radical treatment step, enzyme treatment step and biological treatment step. Further, the order of each step can be changed.

In this case, the liquid properties of the wastewater to be treated may be appropriately controlled in order to exert both functions. Also,
Each ozone treatment tank 10, enzyme treatment tank 20, microorganism treatment tank 3
0 does not have to be one for each tank, and it is also possible to treat in a plurality of tanks. For example, regarding the biological treatment step, an anaerobic treatment tank and an aerobic treatment tank may be provided side by side.

In the case of the above (2), the microorganism to be used may be an oxidase-producing bacterium, or Rhodococcus, Pseudomonas, Barkhole or the like which can produce an oxidase based on genetic modification or the like.

In the above embodiment, a water-based contaminated environment is exemplified. However, a similar effect can be obtained by directly spraying a contaminated environment purifying agent on soil. That is, (a) a contaminated environmental purification agent prepared by formulating lignin peroxidase together with a bulking agent such as clay and bentonite; and (b) at least a chelating agent, a surfactant, a trace metal, and a buffer solution. A contaminated environmental purifying agent to which (c) (a) and (b) are added, and a contaminated environmental purifying agent (d) and (c) to which an oxidase-producing bacterium is added. Contaminated environment purifying agent to which a culture substrate of enzyme-producing bacteria is added (e) Powders and liquids in the form of a contaminated environmental purifying agent obtained by encapsulating the product of (a) to (d) with polyalginic acid or the like It can be used by spraying and plowing directly on the soil to exert its effect. For example, when a white rot fungus is used as an oxidase-producing bacterium in the case of (c), the hypha is several mm thick.
It is preferable to use the material after pulverizing it to the level of excellent workability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a polluted environment purification apparatus of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Ozone treatment tank 11 Inflow port 12 Ozone aeration apparatus 13 Air diffuser 14 Ozone sensor 20 Enzyme treatment tank 21 Air diffuser 22 Sensor 23 Adjustment liquid supply part 22a Enzyme sensor 23a Purifier supply part 24 Air lift pump 30 Microorganism treatment tank 31 Air diffuser 40 Solid-liquid separation tank 41a Flat membrane 41b Frame 41c Suction pump 41 Membrane separator 42 Air diffuser 43 Air lift pump

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) C12N 1/00 C12N 9/02 4D040 9/02 B09B 3/00 EFterm (Reference) 2E191 BA12 BB01 BD20 4B050 CC07 DD02 LL10 4B065 AA01X AC14 CA28 CA54 4D004 AA41 AB07 CA19 CA20 CA36 CC07 CC08 CC11 4D028 AC03 BC12 BC26 BE01 CA09 CD01 CD04 4D040 DD01

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A polluting environment purifying agent comprising an oxidase-containing composition. 2. The contamination according to claim 1, wherein the oxidase-containing composition contains at least one oxidase selected from lignin peroxidase, manganese peroxidase, laccase, and cellobiose dehydrogenase. Environmental purifier. 3. The composition according to claim 1, wherein the oxidase-containing composition is a chelating agent,
Alternatively, the contaminated environment purifying agent according to any one of claims 1 to 2, which contains a surfactant. 4. The polluting environment purifying agent according to claim 1, wherein the oxidase-containing composition contains an oxidase-producing bacterium. 5. A method for purifying a polluted environment, comprising an enzyme treatment step of supplying the polluted environment purifying agent according to claim 1 to a portion to be purified. 6. The method for purifying a polluted environment according to claim 5, comprising a biological treatment step of biodegrading components contained in a purification target portion derived from a fluid extracted from the polluted environment. 7. The method for purifying a polluted environment according to claim 5, further comprising a hydroxy radical treatment step of subjecting a component contained in a purification target portion derived from an extraction fluid from the polluted environment to a hydroxy radical decomposition treatment. 8. A polluted environment purifying apparatus provided with an enzyme treatment mechanism provided with a purifying agent supply unit for supplying the polluted environmental purifying agent according to claim 1 to a purifying target portion derived from a fluid extracted from the polluted environment. 9. A polluted environment purification apparatus provided with a biological treatment mechanism for biodegrading components contained in a purification target portion derived from a fluid extracted from a polluted environment. 10. A contaminated environment purifying apparatus provided with a hydroxy radical treatment mechanism for subjecting a component contained in a purifying target derived from an extraction fluid from a contaminated environment to a hydroxy radical decomposition treatment.