JP2001021198A - Air conditioner - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an air conditioner in which the room temperature can be controlled in cooperation with the delivery temperature of a compressor. SOLUTION: An air conditioner comprises a controller for controlling the r.p.m. of a compressor by setting a specified fuzzy operation rule for the paratope of antibody assuming the difference Ea between the room temperature and the set temperature thereof, the time variation of room temperature Dta, and the difference Ea between the delivery temperature of a compressor and the set temperature thereof as antigens, and the r.p.m. of the compressor as an antibody, and determining an r.p.m. control amount DF of the compressor using a control rule 8 employing an immune system distributed consensus determination network where stimulation suppressing terms of paratope are set for idiotope.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an air conditioner, and more particularly, to an air conditioner having a variable speed compressor and constituting a cooling or heating cycle.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In an air conditioner having a compressor and constituting a cooling or heating cycle, a method of controlling the discharge temperature from the compressor is disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Nos. Hei 8-28983 and Hei 9-42873. The technology disclosed in the gazette is known.

[0003] In the former, in a multi-room air conditioner, the sum of the increase and decrease of the degree of opening of the indoor expansion valve of each room required to control the discharge temperature of the compressor to the target temperature is calculated, and this is calculated for each room. By proportionally dividing according to the ratio between the target air-conditioning capacity and the current air-conditioning capacity determined according to the deviation between the room temperature target value and the room temperature, the increase / decrease in the degree of opening of the indoor expansion valve of each room is calculated, and the It controls the indoor expansion valve.

The latter is a target discharge of the compressor obtained by inputting at least one of the indoor air suction temperature, the outside air temperature, the operating frequency of the inverter type compressor, and the air flow rate of the blower of each of the indoor and outdoor heat exchangers. The expansion valve opening is controlled based on the difference between the temperature and the current discharge temperature.

Further, a method is known in which the operating frequency of the inverter type compressor is forcibly reduced by a certain value when the discharge temperature reaches a limit value.

[0006]

However, since the control according to the technology disclosed in each of the above publications controls the opening degree of the expansion valve, the flow rate of the refrigerant changes due to the change in the opening degree of the expansion valve, so that air conditioning is performed. Since the capacity changes, it is necessary to control the operating frequency of the compressor to maintain the room temperature, and coordination with the room temperature control is difficult. Furthermore, it cannot be applied to an air conditioner without an expansion valve. The third method also has the drawback that coordination with room temperature control is difficult because it causes a change in air conditioning capacity.

[0007] In view of the above problems, an object of the present invention is to provide an air conditioner capable of controlling the room temperature and the discharge temperature of the compressor in a coordinated manner.

[0008]

Means for Solving the Problems To solve the above problems, an air conditioner according to the present invention includes an indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger, and a compressor with a variable rotation speed. Alternatively, in an air conditioner constituting a heating cycle, the room temperature, the discharge temperature of the compressor and each set temperature are used as antigens, the number of revolutions of the compressor is used as an antibody, and a predetermined fuzzy operation rule is set in the paratope of the antibody, It is characterized in that the tope is provided with a control device for controlling the number of revolutions of the compressor using an immune system decentralized consensus determination network in which stimulation / suppression items of the paratope are set.

[0009] The control device of the air conditioner controls the rotational speed of the compressor using the immune system distributed consensus determination network based on the room temperature, the discharge temperature of the compressor, and the set temperature thereof. It is possible to perform optimal control such that the discharge temperature of the compressor approaches the set temperature.

Here, the paratope sets an evaluation value used for control based on the difference between the current room temperature and the set temperature, the difference between the current compressor discharge temperature and the set temperature, and the time change of the room temperature. The idiotope is set to evaluate the difference between the discharge temperature and the set temperature, suppress the increase in the compressor rotation speed as the discharge temperature approaches the set temperature, and stimulate the drop. Is preferred.

According to this, when the discharge temperature is lower than the set temperature and the difference is large, the compressor speed is controlled to stabilize the room temperature at the set temperature, and when the discharge temperature approaches the set temperature. Since the compressor rotation speed is controlled to keep the discharge temperature at the set temperature, cooperative control between the discharge temperature and room temperature, which have small operation fluctuations, can be performed.

[0012]

Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the overall configuration of an air conditioner according to the present invention. In the air conditioner 20, a cooling / heating cycle is configured by the indoor heat exchanger 21, the outdoor heat exchanger 22, the four-way valve 23, and the compressor 24, and the control of the cycle is performed by the control device 27. Also,
The air conditioner 20 is provided with a room temperature sensor 25 and a discharge temperature sensor 26 for measuring the room temperature used for setting the control amount and the discharge temperature of the compressor 24, respectively. Switching of the cooling / heating cycle is performed by switching the four-way valve 23 according to a command from the control device 27.

In the case of the heating cycle, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 24 is guided to the indoor heat exchanger 21 via the four-way valve 23, and the heat retained by the refrigerant is released into the room. The refrigerant cooled by the heat release is expanded and further cooled while being sent to the outdoor heat exchanger 22. When the refrigerant reaches the outdoor heat exchanger 22, the temperature of the refrigerant becomes lower than the outdoor temperature, and the refrigerant takes heat from the atmosphere, rises in temperature, and evaporates. The vaporized refrigerant is guided again to the compressor 24 via the four-way valve 23 and is compressed, so that the temperature rises. By circulating the refrigerant in this way, heat is transferred from the outdoors to the indoors to perform heating.

In the case of the cooling cycle, the refrigerant compressed by the compressor 24 is guided to the outdoor heat exchanger 22 through the four-way valve 23, and the heat retained by the refrigerant is released to the atmosphere. The refrigerant cooled by the heat release is expanded and further cooled while being sent to the indoor heat exchanger 21. When the refrigerant reaches the indoor heat exchanger 21, the temperature of the refrigerant becomes lower than the room temperature, and the refrigerant takes heat from the indoor air to rise in temperature and evaporate. The vaporized refrigerant is guided again to the compressor 24 via the four-way valve 23 and is compressed, so that the temperature rises. By circulating the refrigerant in this way, cooling is performed by transferring heat from indoors to outdoors, contrary to the case of the heating cycle.

The discharge temperature of the compressor 24 also depends on the air flow rate and the degree of opening of the cooling / heating cycle if the cooling / heating cycle has an expansion valve. Here, the discharge temperature Td is the intake gas temperature Ti, the suction pressure p _1, the discharge pressure p _2, when the polytropic exponent is n, is expressed by the following equation.

[0017]

(Equation 1)

[0018] From this equation, the lower the discharge temperature Td is lower the compressor speed to lower the discharge pressure p ₂ seen to be effective. The control device 27 of the air conditioner 20 according to the present invention adjusts the rotation speed of the compressor 24 to adjust the discharge pressure p _2.
, The rotation speed is adjusted according to the load while controlling the discharge temperature.

FIG. 2 shows the compressor 24 by the control device 27.
FIG. 3 shows a control block diagram of the rotation speed control of FIG. Based on a difference Ed between the set discharge temperature SPd of the compressor 24 and the discharge temperature Td measured by the discharge temperature sensor 26, an evaluation value calculation 2 of Ed is performed based on a predetermined evaluation function 1 of Ed. The evaluation function 1 of this Ed is EdP
There are two types, B and EdPS. FIGS. 3A and 3B show the relationship between Ed and the output value of each evaluation function.

[0020] As shown in FIG.
G ₂ when Ed is h ₁ or less, g ₁ when Ed is h ₂ or more (here, g ₁ <g ₂ ), and when Ed is h ₁ or more and h ₂ or less, it changes linearly between them Function. EdPS, as shown in FIG. 3 (b), when Ed is h ₃ below or h ₅ or more
When g ₃ and Ed are h ₃ or more and h ₅ or less, it is a trigonometric function that has a maximum value g ₄ when Ed is h ₄ . Here, h _{1 to} h ₅ are h ₁ ≦ h ₃
<H ₂ ≦ h ₄ <h ₅ .

Similarly, an Ea evaluation value calculation 4 is performed based on a predetermined Ea evaluation function 3 from the difference Ea between the set room temperature SPa and the room temperature Ta measured by the room temperature sensor 25. Ea evaluation function 3
Are EaNB, EaNS, EaZO, EaPS, and EaPB. FIGS. 4A to 4E show the relationship between Ea and the output value of each function.

As shown in FIG. 4 (a), EaNB
There i ₁ becomes (where, i ₁ <i ₂₎ when i _2, Ea is j ₂ or more in the j ₁ below, when Ea is j ₁ or j ₂ The following is a linear varying function therebetween is there. Figure 4 shows EaNS
As shown in (b), when Ea is when the j ₃ below or j ₅ or i _3, Ea is the j ₃ or more j ₅ or less, a triangular function as the maximum value i ₄ when Ea is j ₄ is there. Fig. 4
As shown (c), the when Ea is when more than j ₆ or less, or j ₈ i _5, Ea is less than j ₆ or j ₈ is, Ea is a triangular function that the maximum value i ₆ when j ₇ is there. EaPS is shown in Fig. 4.
As shown (d), the when Ea is when the following or j ₁₁ or j ₉ i _7, Ea is the j ₉ or j ₁₁ below, Ea is j _{1 0}
This is a trigonometric function that has the maximum value i ₈ when. EaPB is shown in FIG.
As shown in (e), when Ea is equal to or less than j _12, i ₉ , E
When a is greater than or equal to j _13, i ₁₀ (where i ₉ <i ₁₀ ),
When Ea is j ₁₂ over j ₁₃ The following is a linearly varying function therebetween. Here, j _{1 to} j ₁₃ are j ₁ ≦ j ₃ <j ₂ ≦ j ₄
≦ j ₆ <j ₅ ≦ j ₇ ≦ j ₉ <j ₈ ≦ j ₁₀ ≦ j ₁₂ <j ₁₁ ≦ j ₁₃ and j ₇ ≒ 0
It is set to satisfy.

Further, an evaluation value calculation 7 of DTa is performed based on an evaluation function 6 of a predetermined DTa from a temporal change amount DTa of the room temperature obtained from the difference between the current room temperature Ta and the memory 5 of Ta. This DTa evaluation function 3 is DTaNB, DTaNS, DTaZO, DTaPS, D
There are five types of TaPB. FIGS. 5A to 5E show the relationship between DTa and the output value of each evaluation function.

As shown in FIG. 5 (a), DTaNB
When Ta is l ₁ or less, k _{2. When} DTa is l ₂ or more, k ₁ (where k ₁ <k ₂ ). When DTa is l ₁ or more and l ₂ or less, a function that changes linearly between them It is. DTaNS is
Figure 5 As shown in (b), DTa is l ₃ or less or l ₅
K ₃ when the above, when DTa is l ₃ or l ₅ or less, DTa
There is a trigonometric function that the maximum value k ₄ at l _4. DTaZO
, As shown in FIG. 5 (c), when DTa is when more than l ₆ or less or l ₈ k _5, DTa of l ₆ or more l ₈ or less, DTa is the maximum value k ₆ when l ₇ Is a trigonometric function. D
TaPS is 5 as shown (d), the when DTa is k _7, DTa of l ₉ more l ₁₁ less when the following or l ₁₁ or l _9, the maximum value k ₈ when DTa is l ₁₀ Is a trigonometric function. DTaPB, as shown in FIG. 5 (e), DTa is l _{12
(Where, k 9 <k 10) k} 10 becomes when k _9, DTa is more than l ₁₃ when in the following, when DTa is l ₁₂ or l ₁₃ The following is a linearly varying function therebetween. Where l ₁
~ L ₁₃ is l ₁ ≦ l ₃ <l ₂ ≦ l ₄ ≦ l ₆ <l ₅ ≦ l ₇ ≦ l ₉ <l ₈ ≦ l ₁₀ ≦
It is set so that l ₁₂ <l ₁₁ ≦ l ₁₃ and l ₇ ≒ 0.

Based on a plurality of calculated evaluation values, a predetermined control rule 8 is used to calculate an evaluation value 1 of a DF as a target control amount.
0 is performed. In the present invention, the control rule 8 is described by a fuzzy rule using a distributed consensus decision network based on the immune system.

The basic concept of the decentralized consensus decision network based on the immune system is described in Akio Ishiguro et al., "Reinforcement learning method for dynamic behavior arbitration system of autonomous mobile robot based on immune information processing mechanism" (Transactions of the Institute of Electrical Engineers of Japan, C 117, No. 1, pp. 42-49, 1997).

In the immune system, each antibody has an antigen-recognition site (receptor) called a paratope, which is an antigen-binding site. The antibody reacts specifically with the antigen like a key and a keyhole to react with the antigen. Recognize and eliminate. In addition, since the antibody itself has an idiotope, which is an antigenic determinant linked to the paratope of another antibody, there is a relationship between stimulation and suppression between the paratope and idiotope of each antibody, forming a network as a whole immune system. Immune network theory has been proposed, and a distributed consensus decision network based on the immune system is an algorithm that simulates this immune network.

That is, in the present invention, each variable used in the control, such as the room temperature and the discharge temperature of the compressor 24, is regarded as an antigen, and the compressor rotation speed which is the output of the control device is regarded as an antibody. Then, the desired activity of the antibody for the situation of the antigen is described in advance in the paratope. The idiotope is set to stimulate / suppress the activity of the selected antibody, which can be used to control the conflict of interest that occurs when the desired activity of the antibody simultaneously exists in the paratope. It will determine the truly desirable activity of the antibody, while adjusting it.

In the present invention, a fuzzy rule is applied to this paratope. Table 1 shows a setting example of the paratope at the time of heating.

[0030]

[Table 1]

Table 1 shows the DF for the combination of Ea and DTa.
PB, PS, ZO, NS, and NB are positive values that are large (positive big), positive values are small (positive small), zero (zero), and negative values, respectively. Small (negative small), negative and large (negative bi)
g) means that For example, when Ea is PB (larger with a positive value) and DTa is NS (smaller with a negative value), DF is set to P
B, that is, a control rule that is set to a large value with a positive value.

On the other hand, the following conditions are set for the idiotope. (Ed = PS, DF = NS)… (a) (Ed = PB, DF = NB)… (b) When the former condition in parentheses is satisfied, the selection is suppressed and the latter rule is further stimulated. means. Here, the idiotope of (a) is an idiotope adapted when DF = PS is controlled in Table 1, and the idiotope of (b) is used when DF = PB is controlled in Table 1. It is an adapted idiotope.

Table 2 shows a setting example of the paratope at the time of cooling.

[0034]

[Table 2]

The meanings of the control rules are the same as in Table 1.

On the other hand, the idiotope is the same as in cooling, and the conditions applied are the same.

Based on the control rule 8, the evaluation value DF of the DF
PB, DFPS, DFZO, DFNS, DFNB are calculated (10). These evaluation values DFPB, DFPS, DFZO, DFNS, and DFNB are evaluation values for varying the rotation speed of the compressor 24, and DFZO is an evaluation value having a meaning of maintaining the rotation speed constant.
PB and DFPS are evaluation values having a meaning of increasing the rotation speed, and DFNS and DFNB are evaluation values having a meaning of decreasing the rotation speed. This means that DFPB has a larger increase in the rotational speed than DFPS, and DFNB has a larger decrease in the rotational speed than DFNS.

More specifically, the evaluation values DFPB, DFPS, DFZO, DFNS, and DFNB in the heating and cooling cases are calculated by the following equations.

[0039]

(Equation 2)

[0040]

(Equation 3)

Here, C1, C2, C3, and C4 are function values that define the magnitude of the suppression and stimulus in the idiotope, respectively.

On the other hand, the DF evaluation function 9 represents the weights of the evaluation values DFPB, DFPS, DFZO, DFNS, and DFNB, respectively.
As shown in FIGS. 6 (a) to 6 (e), it is a bar-type function, and the values of DF are n ₁ , n ₂ , n ₃ , respectively.
Take n ₄ and n ₅ . Based on these weights, the evaluation value DFPB,
The DF is obtained by the center of gravity calculation 11 of DFPS, DFZO, DFNS, and DFNB. That is, DF is obtained by the following equation.

[0043]

(Equation 4)

The sum 12 of the previous rotation speed of the compressor 24 and the DF thus obtained is obtained, and this is output to the compressor 24 as a new target rotation speed, so that the rotation speed of the compressor 24 becomes a predetermined rotation speed. Control.

For example, in the cooling operation, the room temperature Ta is high and there is no time change DTa, that is, the set room temperature S
It is assumed that the difference Ea between Pa and room temperature Ta is large and EaNB and DTaZO are large. In this case, the DF with the product of both in the third term
It is considered that the evaluation value of PB increases. However,
Since the increase in DFPB is suppressed by the evaluation value EdPB obtained from the difference Ed between the set discharge temperature SPd and the discharge temperature Td, the evaluation value of DFPB decreases as the discharge temperature Td approaches the set temperature SPd. DFNB, which has the meaning of decreasing the compressor rotation speed, contrary to DFPB, is stimulated by the evaluation value EdPB.

As a result, in a state where the room temperature is high and the room temperature change is small, if the discharge temperature is low, the evaluation value DFPB is large, so that the rotation speed of the compressor 24 is increased.
As the discharge temperature increases, the evaluation value DFPB decreases and the evaluation value DFNB increases, so that the compressor rotation speed tends to decrease and a consensus determination network that suppresses an increase in the discharge temperature is constructed.

C1, C2, C defining the magnitude of suppression and stimulation
3. By changing the setting of C4, it is possible to strengthen or relax the consensus decision network.
For example, by setting C4 = C5 · DFPB, the evaluation value DFNB is
Due to the stimulation of C5, DFPB and EdPB, it is possible to construct a consensus decision network that makes it more difficult to increase and decrease the compressor speed as the discharge temperature increases.

Further, C that defines the magnitude of suppression and stimulation
By modifying the settings of 1, C2, C3, and C4 according to the learning result, more efficient control can be performed.

The setting of the evaluation function in the above description is merely an example, and the evaluation function is not limited to this description.

The air conditioner according to the present invention may be a multi-room air conditioner, an air conditioner having an expansion valve, or an air conditioner dedicated to either cooling or heating.

[0051]

As described above, according to the present invention,
Since the number of revolutions of the compressor is controlled by a fuzzy control rule using a distributed consensus decision network based on the immune system, the discharge temperature and the room temperature can be controlled in a coordinated manner with little fluctuation in operation.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of an air conditioner according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a control block diagram of a control device in the device of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a graph showing an evaluation function of Ed in the control device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing an evaluation function of Ea in the control device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is a graph showing an evaluation function of DTa in the control device of FIG. 2;

FIG. 6 is a graph showing a DF evaluation function in the control device of FIG. 2;

[Explanation of symbols]

20 ... air conditioner, 21 ... indoor heat exchanger, 22 ... outdoor heat exchanger, 23 ... four-way valve, 24 ... compressor, 25 ... room temperature sensor, 26 ... discharge temperature sensor, 27 ... control device.

Claims (2)

[Claims] An indoor heat exchanger, an outdoor heat exchanger,
An air conditioner comprising a compressor with a variable rotation speed and comprising a cooling or heating cycle, wherein the room temperature, the discharge temperature of the compressor and each set temperature are used as an antigen, and the rotation speed of the compressor is used as an antibody, A control device for setting a predetermined fuzzy operation rule in the paratope, and controlling the rotation speed of the compressor using an immune system distributed consensus determination network in which stimulus / suppression items of the paratope are set in the idiotope. An air conditioner characterized by the following. 2. The paratope sets an evaluation value used for control based on a difference between a current room temperature and a set temperature, a difference between a current discharge temperature of the compressor and the set temperature, and a temporal change of the room temperature. The idiotope evaluates a difference between the discharge temperature and the set temperature, and suppresses an increase in the rotation speed of the compressor as the discharge temperature approaches the set temperature, and stimulates a decrease. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein the air conditioner is set to operate.