JP2001009945A - Waterproof laminated sheet - Google Patents

Abstract

(57) [Problem] To provide an environmentally friendly waterproof laminated sheet which does not have a problem of water leakage and sufficiently secures water stopping property of nail holes and has no problem of workability. Aim. SOLUTION: In a laminated sheet having a structure in which thermoplastic resin layers are provided on both surfaces of a nonwoven fabric, the nonwoven fabric has a large tensile strength and a small tensile strength both in longitudinal and transverse directions. Is 1.0 to 1.5
And its elongation is 50 in both the vertical and horizontal directions.
%, And the thermoplastic resin layer is a waterproof laminated sheet whose elongation is 50% or more in both the vertical and horizontal directions.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a waterproof laminated sheet.
More particularly, the present invention relates to a waterproof laminated sheet excellent in waterproofness against nail holes and the like, workability, etc.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, various waterproof sheets for waterproofing have been used as roofing materials and the like for roof materials and wall materials of ordinary houses. At this time, since it is fixed to the base material by a large number of nails and tackers, a penetrating portion is generated. In this penetrating portion including a nail or the like (hereinafter, simply referred to as a nail hole), a gap is generated due to a crack or shrinkage of the sheet, so that leakage of rainwater or the like becomes a problem. A waterproof seal having a so-called nail hole waterproofness for preventing water leakage from such a nail hole.
Conventionally, asphalt-based laminated sheets obtained by applying asphalt or modified asphalt (comprising rubber or the like) on both sides or one side thereof using a synthetic fiber non-woven fabric or paper as a reinforcing material have been commercialized and used as the sheet.

However, these asphalt-based laminated sheets
(A) Since it weighs more than 800 g / m ² , it is difficult to carry it due to its heavy weight, asphalt adheres when cutting with a cutter, and the cutter becomes dirty and (B) In addition to the problem of workability, such as the problem of hindrance, the problem of absorbing heat in the middle of summer, the surface becomes hot and the asphalt melts and sticks, and adheres to the back of footwear and hinders work, and (b) Since the tear strength is low, it is easy to tear at the time of enforcement (the part fixed to the base material is broken by the wind), so it takes time to work and the workability such as water leakage due to tearing occurs There was an environmental problem that harms the environment by generating sulfur gas during the combustion of waste and (c) waste, etc.

[0004]

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION Accordingly, the present invention provides a waterproof sheet which is free from the above-mentioned problem of water leakage and sufficiently secures watertightness of nail holes and free of the above-mentioned problem of workability and is environmentally friendly. It is intended to provide.

[0005]

Means for Solving the Problems In order to achieve this object, the present inventors have focused on a nonwoven fabric which has been used simply as a reinforcing material together with a resin layer to be laminated on the nonwoven fabric and which has not been focused on from the viewpoint of water stoppage. As a result, from among various types of nonwoven fabrics and resins, a specific resin layer having elongation of a predetermined value or more in both the vertical and horizontal directions, elongation of a predetermined value or more in both the vertical and horizontal directions, and tensile strength and tear strength in the vertical and horizontal directions It has been found that in a combination of nonwoven fabrics having a strength ratio between a large direction and a small direction both within a predetermined range, excellent nail water blocking can be achieved, and the present invention has been completed.

That is, according to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a laminated sheet having a structure in which thermoplastic resin layers are provided on both surfaces of a nonwoven fabric, wherein the nonwoven fabric has tensile strength and tear strength in the longitudinal and transverse directions. Regarding the strength, the ratio of the strength in the large direction to the strength in the small direction is in the range of 1.0 to 1.5, and the elongation is 50% or more in both the vertical and horizontal directions. A waterproof laminated sheet characterized in that its elongation is 50% or more in both the vertical and horizontal directions. Here, the elongation is the elongation at the maximum load when a tensile test is performed in accordance with JIS A 6005 to determine the relationship between the load and the elongation. The tensile strength is JIS A 6005, and the tear strength is JIS K
6252 are values measured in accordance with the respective cases.

[0007] The nonwoven fabric used in the present invention has a tensile strength and a tear strength in a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction of which ratio of strength in a large direction to strength in a small direction is 1.0 to 1.5.
Must be within the range. If the strength ratio is less than 1.0 or exceeds 1.5, the sheet is likely to be broken in the direction of lower tensile strength and tear strength when the laminated sheet is fixed with a nail or the like. The elongation of this nonwoven fabric must be 50% or more in both the vertical and horizontal directions. 5
If it is less than 0%, when the laminated sheet is fixed with a nail or the like, the laminated sheet does not extend following the movement of the nail. This is because it may not be sufficiently secured. Preferably it is 50% or more and 1000% or less, more preferably 70% or more and 500% or less.

The nonwoven fabric used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the above-mentioned elongation and strength ratio, and may be a chemical bond, a thermal bond, a needle punch, a stitch bond, a spun lath, a spun bond, a melt blown. And any non-woven fabric manufactured by a known manufacturing method such as a wet process, but in terms of the material of the non-woven fabric, it is preferable to use a material that does not cause dimensional change due to moisture.
Non-woven fabrics using woven fabrics and the like are exemplified. In addition, when a nonwoven fabric having an emboss due to embossing or the like is used, the sheet is further reduced.
This is preferable because the glass is difficult to tear.

[0009] The thermoplastic resin layer used in the present invention must have an elongation of 50% or more in the vertical and horizontal directions. If it is less than 50%, when fixing the laminated sheet with nails,
Since the resin layer does not stretch following the movement of the nail, cracks may occur in the resin layer or hinder the elongation of the nonwoven fabric, resulting in incomplete sealing around the nail and water leakage. Because there is. Preferably it is 50% or more and 1000% or less, more preferably 70% or more and 800%
It is as follows.

The thermoplastic resin layer used in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it satisfies the elongation requirement.
Examples include the use of resins such as polyethylene, polypropylene, and ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, olefin-based elastomers, styrene-based elastomers, and urethane-based elastomers. These resins may be used to form a resin layer, such as laminating a molten resin, dissolving a resin in a solvent and applying and drying to form a resin layer, and forming a resin layer using a film or the like. including.

The basis weight of the thermoplastic resin layer is 5 g / m
^It is preferred to be ^{2 to} 450 g / m ² . If it is less than 5 g / m ² , the thickness of the resin layer is too thin and pinholes are likely to occur. If it exceeds 450 g / m ² , not only does the nail hole waterproof require more thickness, but also the weight is reduced. This is because they are large and difficult to handle, and are not preferable in terms of cost.

The tear strength of the laminated sheet of the present invention is 30 N or more in both the vertical and horizontal directions, and its weight is 500
g / m ² or less. Further, in the laminated sheet of the present invention, it is preferable that one or both of the two thermoplastic resin layers provided on the outermost layer be provided with anti-slip property in order to prevent slip. Means for imparting anti-slip properties include (A) providing a resin layer having a high friction coefficient, and (B)
For example, a resin layer provided with concavities and convexities by embossing or a resin containing a heat-expandable microfilm containing a vaporizable liquid is applied and foamed to form a resin foam layer having closed cells. In this case, it is preferable to use the means (A) for the lowermost portion (the side facing the roofing board etc.) and the means (B) for the uppermost portion (the side facing the roofing material etc.). The means of (B) often has a higher slip resistance than the case of (A), and the use of the means of (B) at the uppermost portion increases the slip resistance and often improves workability. It is.

With the above construction, even if the laminated sheet is fixed to a base plate or the like with a nail, a tacker, or the like, the elongation of the nonwoven fabric and the thermoplastic resin layer formed on both surfaces thereof is reduced.
Since it is 50% or more in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction, both follow the movement of nails and the like, and the nonwoven fabric has a tensile strength and a tear strength in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction which are both large and small. Since the strength ratio is in the range of 1.0 to 1.5, no crack is generated depending on the direction of elongation. That is, the thermoplastic resin layers formed on both sides of the nonwoven fabric are stretched following the movement of the nail or the like together with the nonwoven fabric having reduced strength directionality such as tearing. And the like, it enters the ground plate and the like, and adheres around the nail and the like. Therefore, there is no problem of water leakage, and the waterproofing of the nail hole of the laminated sheet is sufficiently ensured. Further, since the laminated sheet uses a resin layer which is lighter and tougher than the asphalt layer, it does not have the problem of the conventional workability, and does not generate sulfur gas at the time of combustion unlike asphalt. Easy.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the waterproof laminated sheet according to the first aspect is a five-layer laminated sheet, wherein a first layer, a third layer, and a fifth layer are arranged. A layer is constituted by the thermoplastic resin layer, and a second layer and a fourth layer are constituted by the nonwoven fabric. in this case,
The first and fifth resin layers are preferably provided with the above-mentioned anti-slip property in order to prevent slip.

With this construction, when the laminated sheet is fixed to the base plate or the like with a nail, a tacker or the like, the three thermoplastic resin layers and the two nonwoven fabric layers interposed therebetween follow the movement of the nail. This makes it possible to more reliably exhibit water resistance to nail holes as compared with a three-layer laminated sheet, and furthermore, the thickness of the sheet is thinner as compared with a seven-layer laminated sheet and the cost. It is also advantageous from the viewpoint of
Is obtained.

[0016]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below. As one preferred embodiment of the waterproof laminated sheet according to the present invention, the elongation in both the vertical and horizontal directions is 50% to 10%.
The elongation is 50% in both the longitudinal and transverse directions on both sides of a polyester or polyolefin nonwoven fabric having an aspect ratio of tensile and tear strength (longitudinal direction is greater than transverse direction) of 1.0 to 1.5. -1000% polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer,
Olefin-based elastomer, styrene-based elastomer,
A resin film selected from a urethane-based elastomer is bonded with a hot-melt adhesive or a solution-based adhesive, or its elongation is 50% to 100% in both longitudinal and transverse directions.
It can be manufactured by a so-called extrusion laminating method in which 0% of the resin is extruded in a molten state, and a film is formed and pressed against a nonwoven fabric surface and laminated. It is needless to say that the types of films on both sides of the nonwoven fabric may be the same or different.

In another preferred embodiment of the waterproof laminated sheet according to the present invention, the elongation in both the vertical and horizontal directions is 50% to 50%.
One side of a polyester- or polyolefin-based nonwoven fabric having an aspect ratio of tensile and tear strength of 1,000% and 1.0 to 1.5 (longer in the longitudinal direction than in the transverse direction), the elongation in the longitudinal and transverse directions A resin film selected from polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, olefin-based elastomer, styrene-based elastomer, and urethane-based elastomer, both of which are 50% to 1000%, is bonded with a hot-melt adhesive or a solution-based adhesive. After adhering with the agent, the resin whose elongation is 50% to 1000% in both the vertical and horizontal directions can be laminated on the other surface by the extrusion laminating method. It is needless to say that the types of films on both sides of the nonwoven fabric may be the same or different.

The waterproof laminated sheet manufactured as described above is used, for example, as a roof underlaying material by fixing it with a nail between a tile and a field board. In this case, a conventional asphalt-based sheet is used. Unlike that, it is lightweight and does not cause breakage at the time of operation, so work is easy, and when nailing,
As shown in FIG. 3, the film and the non-woven fabric simultaneously laminated on both sides of the non-woven fabric follow the movement of the nails, and the sheet is in close contact with the nails. Storm water is blocked and shows excellent nail hole waterproofness. In addition,
When the laminated sheet has more than three layers and is multi-layered, the above-mentioned effects of the film and the nonwoven fabric are synergistically exerted, so that a more excellent water stopping property for nail holes is exhibited.

[0019]

The present invention will be described more specifically with reference to examples.

Example 1 A polypropylene spunbond nonwoven fabric (Stratek RW2150 manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd.)
(A basis weight; 150 g / m ² ) on one side, a polyurethane film (Sofran palm film manufactured by Toyo Tire & Rubber Co., Ltd.)
Film thickness: 30 μm) with a synthetic rubber-based adhesive (SEBS-based hot melt adhesive JH manufactured by Nippon Fura Co., Ltd.)
L-106-9), and a polyethylene elastomer (PO elastomer manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd., film thickness: 80 μm) was laminated on the other surface by the so-called extrusion laminating method. A three-layer waterproof laminated sheet shown in FIG. 1 was obtained. In this case, the adhesive in this case is applied to the polyurethane film in a molten state by a curtain press (manufactured by SUNTOOL Co., Ltd.), and the non-woven fabric is pressure-bonded to the polyurethane film with a pressure roll. went. The basis weight of the adhesive was 10 g / m ² .

Example 2 A film is extruded on one side of a nonwoven fabric and laminated by a laminating method to form two layers of a first layer and a second layer or a fourth layer and a fifth layer shown in FIG. Two stacked sheets
The extruder then extrudes the film so that it is sandwiched between the nonwoven surfaces of the two laminated sheets, and applies the extruded film to the nonwoven of each of the two laminated sheets. The laminate was laminated to obtain a waterproof laminated sheet of five layers (FIG. 2). In this laminated sheet, a polypropylene spunbond nonwoven fabric (Stratec RW2100 manufactured by Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd .;
00g / m ²⁾ using a polyethylene elastomer to the first layer and the third layer and the fifth layer - (Idemitsu Petrochemical Co., Ltd. PO elastomer -, film thickness; is used 30 [mu] m).

Comparative Example 1 As a nonwoven fabric, a polypropylene spunbond nonwoven fabric (Smash Y manufactured by Asahi Kasei Corporation) was used.
5150, weight per unit area: 150 g / m ² )
A waterproof laminated sheet was obtained in the same manner as in Example 1.

(Comparative Example 2) Example 2 was repeated except that a polypropylene / polyester spunbond nonwoven fabric (Elves T1003WDO, unit weight: 100 g / m ² ) was used as the second and fourth nonwoven fabrics. In the same manner as in the above, a waterproof laminated sheet was obtained. (Comparative Example 3) This is a commercially available asphalt-based laminated sheet (Bankara Roof manufactured by Nissin Kogyo Co., Ltd.).

The test methods for evaluating physical properties used in this example are as follows. (1) Waterproofing of nail holes is measured by placing a sample on a 12 mm thick wood plate with the nonwoven fabric facing the surface, and nailing a colonial tile (length: 30 mm, maximum diameter: 3.3 mm, minimum diameter;
9 mm, the center axis interval of the nail; 1.3 mm).
A PVC pipe whose bottom was sealed with a sealing agent was erected thereon, and the top was sealed with a rubber stopper passing through a 10 ml female pipet at the center. Pour red colored water from the open end of the female pipette, apply a 150 mm head pressure to the sample,
The amount of water reduction (ml) after 4 hours was measured. Ten samples were prepared from each of the sheets of the examples and comparative examples, and the amount of water reduction was measured. Sheets with a water reduction of 1.0 ml or less were evaluated as "waterproof", and 10 sheets were evaluated. The proportion in the sample was determined.

(2) For the elongation of the nonwoven fabric and the resin layer (film), as described above, a tensile test is performed in accordance with JIS A6005, the relationship between the load and the elongation is obtained, and the elongation at the maximum load is measured. I asked.

(3) The tensile strength of the nonwoven fabric is 20 mm × 2
As described above, a JIS A
It was measured according to 6005. (4) The tear strength of the nonwoven fabric was measured using a B-type dumbbell punched test piece in accordance with JIS K6252 as described above.

For each of Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 and 2, the elongation in both the vertical and horizontal directions of the nonwoven fabric used, the tensile strength and tear strength in both the vertical and horizontal directions, the elongation in both the vertical and horizontal directions of the film used, and the obtained laminated sheet Table 1 shows the results obtained by measuring the water stoppage of the nail holes of the- The weight of each laminated sheet is shown in comparison with a conventional asphalt-based sheet (Comparative Example 3), and the tear strength of each laminated sheet is shown in Table 1.

[0028]

[Table 1]

As shown in Table 1, the waterproof laminated sheets according to the present invention (Examples 1 and 2) showed 10%
All of the samples were evaluated as having "waterproof" for the nail hole, whereas Comparative Example 1, in which the aspect ratio of the tensile strength of the nonwoven fabric exceeded 1.5, had "waterproof" for the nail hole. Comparative Example 2 in which the aspect ratio of both the tensile strength and the tear strength exceeds 1.5 and the elongation in the transverse direction is less than 50%
Has a worse water-stopping evaluation. This indicates that, together with the elongation of the resin layer, the direction of the elongation and strength of the nonwoven fabric, which has not been focused on from the viewpoint of the water stopping property of the nail hole, affects the water stopping property of the nail hole. Furthermore, the waterproof laminated sheets according to the present invention (Examples 1 and 2) are about 1/4 of the conventional asphalt-based sheet, and handling work is remarkably reduced.

[0030]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, when a sheet is fixed to a base plate or the like with a nail, a tacker or the like, the nonwoven fabric and the thermoplastic resin formed on both surfaces of the nonwoven fabric are used. Since the layer extends in both the vertical and horizontal directions, it follows the movement of nails and the like, and the tensile strength and tearing strength of the nonwoven fabric are not significantly different depending on the direction of elongation. -The gate follows the nail or the like without cracking, enters the base plate or the like, and seals around the nail or the like. Further, the present laminated sheet does not cause the problem of the workability when using the asphalt layer or the problem of generating sulfur gas during combustion.

The five-layer laminated sheet according to the second aspect of the present invention comprises:
The adhesiveness of the sheet to the nail is stronger than that of the three-layer laminated sheet, and the watertightness of the nail hole can be more reliably exerted. Has a small thickness, is advantageous in terms of cost, is practical and has high commercial value.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic sectional view of one embodiment of a waterproof laminated sheet according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic sectional view of another embodiment of the waterproof laminated sheet according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 shows a waterproof laminated sheet according to the present invention;
It is a schematic sectional drawing which shows the sealing state around a nail at the time of fixing to a veneer board using the nail for colonial roof tiles.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Waterproof laminated sheet, 2 ... Nonwoven fabric, 3 ... Film laminated by adhesive, 4 ... Film laminated by extrusion lamination method, 5 ... Adhesive, 6 ... nails for colonial roof tiles, 7 ... veneer boards.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────の Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4F100 AK01B AK01C AK01E AK07 AK51 AN02G BA05 BA06 BA10B BA10C BA13 CB00 DG15A DG15D GB08 JB16B JB16C JB16E JD04 JK02A JK02B JK02C JK02YY00 JK02YJY00

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A laminated sheet having a thermoplastic resin layer provided on both sides of a non-woven fabric, wherein the non-woven fabric has a tensile strength and a tear strength in a longitudinal direction and a transverse direction, both in a large direction and in a small direction. Strength ratio of 1.0 to 1.5
And its elongation is 50 in both the vertical and horizontal directions.
%, And the elongation of the thermoplastic resin layer is 50% or more in both the vertical and horizontal directions. 2. A laminated sheet having five layers, wherein a first layer, a third layer, and a fifth layer are constituted by the thermoplastic resin layer,
The waterproof laminated sheet according to claim 1, wherein a second layer and a fourth layer are made of the nonwoven fabric.