JP2001003480A - Method and member for forming thermal insulation outer wall, and the thermal insulation outer wall - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a simple and inexpensive structure and a specified strength by improving an outer wall of a housing using thermal insulation plates. SOLUTION: A thermal insulation plate 7 and lath 4 are disposed overlappingly on a column 1, and lath retaining devices 8 are installed on the thermal insulation plate 7 to temporarily fix the lath 4 to the insulation plate 7 and the lath retaining devices 8 are fastened to the column 1 with screws 9. Then mortar 6 is applied over the lath 4 and solidified. Thus, the thermal insulation plate 7 can perform a thermal insulation function, and also functions as a withstanding member forming an outer wall.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a method for constructing a mortar-coated outer wall using a heat insulating plate, components for carrying out the above method, and a mortar-coated outer wall using a heat insulating plate. It is.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIG. 5 is a schematic horizontal sectional view showing a state in which a mortar-painted outer wall is constructed on a pillar of a wooden house. FIG. ) Is a conventional example using a heat insulating plate. When the heat insulating plate is not used, as shown in FIG. 3A, the plywood 2 is hit against the pillar 1 with a nail 3, the lath 4 is overlaid on the outside of the plywood 2, and the lath 4 is plywood with the tucker nail 5. Stop against 2.
In the present invention, the terms “outside” and “inside” mean “outside the house”.
Shall mean inside. When the mortar 6 is applied to the lath, the mortar 6 is layered so as to wrap the lath 4, and when the mortar 6 solidifies, the outer wall of the house is formed. In order to enhance the cooling and heating effects of the house by adding a heat insulating material to the mortar-coated outer wall, as shown in FIG. 7, the plywood 2 is nailed to the column 1 with nails 3 and fixed, and the lath 4 is superposed on the outside of the plywood 2 and the lath 4 is attached to the plywood 2 by a tucker nail 5. Stop against. A mortar 6 is applied to the lath 4 to form a mortar layer and solidify to form an outer wall.

[0003]

The outer wall structure according to the prior art shown in FIG. 5 is the same as the non-insulated type shown in FIG.
Both of the illustrated thermal insulation types are generally widely used. Widespread use means that its practical value is widely recognized. That is, the mortar layer has a good appearance and fire protection. Although the mortar layer alone is not sufficient in strength, it is reinforced by lath and reinforced by plywood, so that a required strength can be expected as an integral component of the plywood and the mortar layer. However, considering the balance between strength and construction cost, the following irrationalities exist. That is, the non-insulated outer wall of FIG. 5A has a required strength due to the integrated structure of the plywood 2 and the mortar layer 6. Compared to the non-insulated outer wall of FIG. 5A, the plywood 2 and the mortar layer 6 have the same strength as that of the non-insulated outer wall of FIG. 7 is excluded from the calculation as a strength member. Mortar 6
Has an adhesive force to the plywood 2, so that both are integrally joined to form a dynamic structural member. However, the heat insulating plate 7 is adhered only by being overlapped with the plywood 2. Since it does not have any function, it has only the function of "insulation" and is almost idle as a strength member.

The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has a simple configuration by using a heat insulating plate to combine the function of a "heat insulating material" and the function of a "strength member".
It is an object of the present invention to provide a technique for constructing a heat-insulating outer wall having a low construction cost and a required strength.

[0005]

The basic principle of the present invention created to achieve the above object will be briefly described with reference to FIG. 1 corresponding to an embodiment of the present invention. In order to improve the outer wall to have a simple and inexpensive structure, and to obtain the required strength.

[0006] As shown in (A), the heat insulating plate 7 and the lath 4 are arranged on the pillar 1 so as to overlap each other, and as shown in (B), the lath presser 8 is attached to the heat insulating plate 7 to temporarily mount the lath 4. Stop it,
As shown in (C), the lath presser 8 is fastened to the column 1 with a screw 9 and, as shown in (D), the lath 4 is wrapped and the mortar 6 is applied and solidified. Thus, the heat insulating plate 7 performs a heat insulating function and also functions as a strength member that forms the outer wall. Based on the principle described above, the configuration of the invention method according to claim 1 is that the heat insulating plate is brought into contact with the pillar and temporarily fixed, and the lath is superimposed on the heat insulating plate, and the lath is temporarily attached to the heat insulating plate. In a state where the heat insulating plate and the lath are overlapped and temporarily fixed to the column as described above, the above lath is penetrated through the heat insulating plate by a screw or a similar fastening member. At the very least, it is fixed to the column in the jointed state, and a mortar layer is formed on the outside of the heat insulating plate so that a lath can be applied, and the column, the heat insulating plate, and the mortar containing lath are firmly and integrally integrated. Characterized in that According to the method of the invention described in claim 1 described above, the lath pressed against the column via the heat insulating plate is fastened to the column by screws penetrating the heat insulating plate. , And the lath are integrally connected to each other. When performing the fastening work with screws as described above, the lath is temporarily fixed to the heat insulating plate, and the heat insulating plate is temporarily fixed to the pillar, so that there is no risk of misaligning the positioning,
Can work quickly and easily. In this way,
Since the mortar layer is formed and solidified so that the lath fixed integrally with the heat insulating plate and the pillar can be applied, the mortar layer is fixed integrally with the heat insulating plate and the lath. As described above, a. Integral connection of the lath, the heat insulating plate and the pillar by screws, and b. Adhesive strength of mortar, and integral fixing of mortar layer and heat insulation board by lath filling. As a whole, the pillars and
A tough outer wall structure in which the heat insulating plate and the lath-containing mortar layer are integrally joined is formed. These three members have different material mechanical properties. In other words, tensile strength, pressure resistance, stiffness, impact value, and hardness are different from each other, but these three components are integrated to compensate for weaknesses, demonstrate their strengths, and provide a house with excellent earthquake resistance. An outer wall is formed. For example, the mortar layer forms the outermost layer capable of exhibiting the advantage of its high hardness, and is similar to the operation and effect in the prior art in that the defect of a low impact value (brittle) is compensated for by a lath. A characteristic effect of the present invention is that the heat insulating plate not only exhibits its heat insulating properties but also exhibits its rigidity and pressure resistance and functions as a strength member of the outer wall. The disadvantage that this insulation plate is vulnerable to local external forces is compensated by being protected by a mortar layer.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent elements of the first aspect of the present invention, when the lath is temporarily fixed to the heat insulating plate, "inserting a screw portion of a screw Using a presser provided with a through hole and a claw-like member capable of being pressed into the heat insulating material, press the claws into the heat insulating plate while pressing the lath against the heat insulating plate with the presser. The lath is temporarily fixed to the heat insulating plate, and a screw inserted into the through hole is passed through the heat insulating plate and screwed into the pillar. According to the method of the invention described in claim 2 described above, when performing the method of the invention in claim 1, "the work of temporarily fixing the lath to the heat insulating plate and screwing the lath to the pillar" It can be performed quickly, easily, safely and at low cost with a small number of people. That is, in the step of temporarily fixing the lath to the heat insulating plate, the heat insulating plate is already temporarily fixed to the pillar (this temporary fixing is
For example, it can be easily performed using a nail). When the lath is temporarily fixed to the above-mentioned heat insulating plate, the lath is heavier than the heat insulating plate, and the danger of dropping the lath is significantly greater than that of the case where the heat insulating plate is dropped. From such a viewpoint, when the lath is pressed against the heat insulating plate by the presser having the claw-shaped portion, the above-mentioned claws bite into the heat insulating plate to perform a temporary fixing function. Can temporarily fix the lath to the heat insulating plate. When the above retainer is fastened to the pillar with screws, it will be fixed in earnest, but even if you release your hand from the lath in the middle of screwing work, the claws of the retainer are biting into the heat insulating plate, There is no danger of falling and causing an accident. Since the above-mentioned lath is provided with a through hole for a screw, the work of screwing this to the pillar can be easily performed.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent elements of the first aspect of the present invention, when the lath is temporarily fixed to the heat insulating plate, "the screw portion of the screw is inserted. Using a presser provided with the obtained through-hole and an adhesive layer covered with release paper, the release paper is peeled off to expose the adhesive layer, and the lath is directed to the heat insulating plate by the presser. By pressing the adhesive layer in close contact with the heat insulating plate in the pressed state, the lath is temporarily fixed to the heat insulating plate,
The screw inserted into the through hole is passed through the heat insulating plate and screwed into the pillar. According to the method of the third aspect of the present invention described above, when the method of the first aspect of the present invention is carried out, "the work of temporarily fixing the lath to the heat insulating plate and screwing the lath to the pillar" It can be performed quickly, easily, safely and at low cost with a small number of people. That is, in the step of temporarily fixing the lath to the heat insulating plate, the heat insulating plate is already temporarily fixed to the pillar (this temporary fixing can be easily performed using, for example, a nail). And when temporarily fixing the lath to the above-mentioned heat insulating plate, the lath is heavy compared to the heat insulating plate,
The risk of withdrawal is significantly greater than if the insulation board were withdrawn. From such a viewpoint, when the lath is pressed against the heat insulating plate by the holding tool having the pressure sensitive adhesive layer, the pressure sensitive adhesive layer adheres to the outer surface of the heat insulating plate to perform a temporary fixing function, and thus does not necessarily require an auxiliary worker. In addition, one worker can temporarily fix the lath to the heat insulating plate. The retainer is fixed in earnest when it is fastened to a pillar with a screw.However, even if you release your hand from the lath in the middle of screwing work, the retainer is attached to the heat insulating plate by adhesive force. There is no danger of falling and causing an accident. Since the above-mentioned lath is provided with a through hole for a screw, the work of screwing this to the pillar can be easily performed.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the components of the first aspect of the present invention, a nail-like member is attached to the power bone and a washer-like member into which a screw can be inserted. In the case of temporarily fixing the above-mentioned lath to the heat insulating plate using a lath in which the part is formed as a power bone, the claw-shaped member is press-fitted into the heat insulating plate and temporarily fixed, and formed on the lath. The tip of the screw inserted into the washer-shaped portion is penetrated through the heat insulating plate and screwed into the pillar. According to the method of the fourth aspect described above, when the method of the first aspect is performed, "the lath is temporarily fixed to the heat insulating plate,
The work of fixing the lath to the pillar with screws "
It can be performed quickly, easily, safely and at low cost. That is, in the step of temporarily fixing the lath to the heat insulating plate, the heat insulating plate is already temporarily fixed to the pillar (this temporary fixing can be easily performed using, for example, a nail). When the lath is temporarily fixed to the above-mentioned heat insulating plate, the lath is heavier than the heat insulating plate, and the danger of dropping the lath is significantly greater than that of the case where the heat insulating plate is dropped. From this point of view, when the claw-shaped member attached to the power bone of the lath is pressed against the heat insulating plate, the above-mentioned claws bite into the heat insulating plate and perform the temporary fixing function, so that the auxiliary worker is not necessarily required. ,
One worker can temporarily fix the lath to the insulation board. When the washer-shaped part of the lath is fastened to the pillar with a screw, it is fixed in full swing, but even if you release your hand from the lath in the middle of screwing work, the claw part of the lath bites into the insulation board,
There is no danger that the lath will fall and cause an accident. Since the washer-like member is provided with a through hole for a screw, the work of screwing this to the column can be easily performed.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent elements of the first aspect of the present invention, prior to abutting the heat insulating plate against the pillar and temporarily fixing the same, the pillar has a vertical body edge. When the heat insulating plate is brought into contact with the pillar through the vertical body edge, and a screw or a member similar thereto is penetrated through the heat insulation plate, it is screwed into the vertical body edge, or the vertical body edge is Is penetrated and screwed into a pillar, whereby the vertical waist edge acts as a spacer to form a ventilation path between the pillar and the heat insulating plate. According to the method of the invention described in claim 5 described above, the pillar, the vertical rim, the heat insulating plate, and the lath-containing mortar layer form an outer wall of an integral structure with good hermeticity, and furthermore, the vertical ventilation passage is formed. Because it is formed
Humidity management of the entire house can be effectively performed. As a result, comfort is improved, and the durability of timber structures such as columns, beams, and floors is improved. The effect of the ventilation path formation described above has excellent practical value in the case of a one-story wooden house, but in the case of a two-story wooden house,
Furthermore, in the case of a wooden building that intends to use an attic, a ventilation path that passes directly from the attic to the floor can be formed, and its practical value is great.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a heat insulating type outer wall comprising: a heat insulating plate fixed to an outer surface of a pillar; a lath arranged to overlap the outer surface of the heat insulating plate; It is characterized by comprising a screw or a rod-like member similar to a screw for fastening the lath to the column, and a mortar layer formed by enclosing the lath. According to the invention of claim 6 described above, the heat insulating plate is fastened together between the lath and the column, and these three members are fixed to each other, and the mortar layer applied to the lath is attached to the lath. And the mortar adheres to the outer surface of the heat insulating plate. As a result, the pillar, the heat insulating plate, and the lath-containing mortar layer are mutually connected to form an integral outer wall structure, and exhibit excellent earthquake resistance. In addition, since the heat insulating plate is incorporated, the heat insulating effect is exhibited, and the efficiency of cooling and heating of the space inside the house is improved, thereby contributing to energy saving. Since the heat-insulating outer wall of claim 6 constructed as described above does not have a structure using plywood as in the conventional example, the material cost corresponding to plywood is reduced beforehand, and the heat insulation value is reduced. The construction cost is lower than the strength value. Plywood is not used, but since the heat insulating plate is integrally connected to the mortar layer and screwed to the column, the rigidity of the heat insulating plate contributes to the strength of the outer wall and high earthquake resistance is obtained. .

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the sixth aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constitutional requirements of the sixth aspect of the present invention, a vertical trunk edge is attached to a surface of the column facing the heat insulating plate. And the above-mentioned screw or a rod-like member similar to the screw penetrates the heat insulating plate and the vertical body edge, and a gap corresponding to the thickness dimension of the vertical body edge is formed between the column and the heat insulating plate. Being
The air gap is characterized in that it can function as a ventilation path. According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, a vertical ventilation path is formed between the pillar and the outer wall.
The vertical ventilation path is suitable for natural ventilation by convection, and can be effectively used for forced ventilation by a fan driven by power. Particularly, ventilation of a two-story house or attic -It is extremely suitable for intentionally ventilating under the floor.

The invention according to claim 8 is characterized in that a "plate-shaped main body portion" and a "pointed-tip which are fixed to the plate-shaped main body portion and project from the main body portion in a substantially right angle direction". Claw-shaped portion "and" a through hole formed in the plate-shaped main body portion ". According to the invention of claim 8 described above, it is easy to temporarily fix the lath to the heat insulating plate with the member according to the present invention, and it is also easy to fasten the lath to the column with this member. is there.
In this way, both functions of "temporarily fixing the lath on the heat insulating plate" and "permanent fixing of the lath on the pillar" can be achieved by one member. Permanent fixing of the lath can be easily performed by inserting a screw into this through-hole and screwing the screw into a pillar since a through-hole is formed in the main body. Temporary fixing of the lath is a temporary function until the permanent fixation by the screw is completed, and can be easily performed by inserting the claw-shaped portion of the lath presser into the heat insulating plate.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there are provided a "plate-shaped main body portion" and a "through hole formed in the plate-shaped main body portion".
And "a pressure-sensitive adhesive layer formed so as to cover the plate-shaped main body portion" and "a release paper temporarily stuck by depriving the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer". . According to the invention of claim 9 described above, it is easy to temporarily fix the lath to the heat insulating plate with the member according to the present invention, and
It is easy to fasten the lath to the column with this member. In this way, "temporary attachment of lath to insulation board"
The role of both "permanent fixing of the lath to the column" can be fulfilled by one member. Lath's permanent fixation is
Since a through hole is formed in the main body, the screw can be easily inserted into the through hole and screwed into the pillar. Temporarily fixing the lath is a temporary function until the permanent fixation by the screw is completed, and can be easily performed by pressing the adhesive layer of the lath presser against the heat insulating plate.

According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a lath comprising a wire mesh member provided with a power bone, wherein a "claw-shaped member having a sharp tip" is attached to the power bone. In a state in which the lath formed by the wire mesh and the power bone is developed in a plane, the claw-shaped member projects substantially perpendicularly from the plane and is fixed to the power bone, or the claw-shaped member is It is characterized in that it is attached to the power bone so that it can project substantially perpendicularly from the plane. According to the tenth aspect of the present invention described above, since the claw-like member protrudes from the power bone of the lath, when the protruding claw is pushed toward the heat insulating plate, the claw is fixed to the heat insulating plate. You. Since the power bone to which the claw is attached is a main strength member of the lath, when the claw bites into the heat insulating plate and is fixed, the entire lath is fixed to the heat insulating plate via the power bone and the lath is fixed. The function of the temporary fixing is performed. The reason why the "claw-like member having a sharp tip" is used for temporarily fixing the lath to the heat insulating plate is to utilize the heat insulating plate in consideration of its physical properties. In other words, the heat insulating plate viewed macroscopically has sufficient rigidity to form a structure, but when the claw-shaped member is locally pierced, it allows press-fitting of the claw-shaped member. The idea of claim 10 of "attaching the claw-shaped member to the lath" was born based on the property of holding the member in the upright state.

According to an eleventh aspect of the present invention, in addition to the constituent features of the tenth aspect, a washer-like member having a through hole through which a screw portion of a screw can be inserted is attached to the force bone. Or the force bone is plastically processed to form an annular portion through which a screw portion of a screw can be inserted, or a portion having a shape similar to an annular shape. According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention described above, a washer for screwing is attached to a force bone as a main strength member of the lath, or a portion having a shape capable of functioning as a washer for screwing is formed. Therefore, the power bone can be fastened and fixed to the column by the screw. When the power bone is fixed to the column, the entire lath is fixed to the column.

[0017]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 shows a heat-insulated outer wall 1 of the present invention.
It is a typical horizontal sectional view showing an embodiment, (A) shows a state where a heat insulation board and a lath were applied to a pillar,
(B) shows a state in which the lath is temporarily fixed to the heat insulating plate by the lath presser, (C) shows a state in which the lath presser is fastened to the column with screws, and (D) wraps the lath. The state in which the mortar layer is formed is illustrated. (Figure 1
(See (A)) First, heat insulating plate 7 is applied to pillar 1,
Temporarily fix by appropriate means. In this embodiment, it is nailed. This temporary fixing will be described later. (In addition to the temporary fixing until the process of FIG. C is completed, since the heat insulating plate is a member having a small specific gravity, the temporary fixing work requires a particularly high level of experience, In addition, the heat insulating plate is a porous light member, has considerable rigidity macroscopically, but has low hardness.
In the process shown in FIG. 7A, there is no possibility that any other damage will be caused even if it is dropped and dropped on the feet of the worker or collides with other building equipment. (In this regard, since the lath described later is a steel member, the lath cannot be temporarily fixed.) The dimensions of the heat insulating plate are stipulated by JIS, but since the shape and size of the heat insulating plate are much smaller than the outer wall of a normal house, a joint E where two heat insulating plates meet is inevitably generated. . The heat insulating plates 7 are arranged so that the joint E is made as close to the center line of the pillar 1 as possible. After arranging the heat insulating plate 7 on the pillar 1 and temporarily fixing it as described above, the lath 4 is overlapped on the outer surface of the heat insulating plate 7. Also in this case, when a seam in which two laths are overlapped is formed, this seam is made to follow the center line of the pillar 1.

Next, the lath 4 is temporarily fixed to the heat insulating plate 7 (see FIG. 1B). The lath 4 is a steel member that is heavier than the heat insulating plate 7 and should be carefully worked because it is dangerous if it is dropped. However, if the lath 4 is lifted or transported,
The work of aligning with the installation location is the same as that of the related art, and therefore, it may be handled according to the know-how of the safe work in the related art. The operation characteristic of the present invention is as follows.
(Fig. C). The lath 4 is temporarily fixed to the heat insulating plate 7 in preparation for performing this operation safely and easily.

Although not shown, bolts and nuts can be used instead of the screws 9. Also, a special nail (for example, a screw-shaped nail with a large lead made to be driven) can be used. As understood from the above-mentioned effects, in the present invention, "screw" is a general term for "a rod-shaped member capable of fastening a column and a lath through an insulating plate", Not limited.

In the present embodiment, the lath 4 is temporarily fixed to the heat insulating plate 7 using the lath presser 8 (the structure of the lath presser 8 will be described later in detail with reference to FIG. 2). The lath presser 8 has a claw 8b formed therein, as shown in FIG.
The cross-sectional shape of (B) is similar to a cramp. The above-mentioned lath presser 8 presses down the power bone 4a of the lath 4 and presses it against the heat insulating plate 7, and pushes and fixes the claw 8b into the heat insulating plate 7 to temporarily fix the lath 4 to the heat insulating plate 7. It is difficult to understand the originality of the present invention simply by looking at FIG. 1C without being conscious of the physical properties of the heat insulating plate 7. In the present embodiment, an isocyanurate foam formed in a plate shape having a thickness of 30 mm was used as the heat insulating plate. In practicing the present invention, the material of the heat insulating plate is not limited to isocyanurate foam, but is preferably a material similar to this. This type of heat insulating plate has rigidity that can be a strength member constituting an outer wall, is lightweight and easy to handle, has macro pressure resistance, and when subjected to a local external pressure (piercing), stabs the mating member. And has a function of holding a pierced member by holding it in the mouth. As an effect due to the combination of the physical properties of the heat insulating plate and the shape of the lath presser, the lath 4 is moved by the lath presser 8 to the heat insulating plate 7.
, The claws 8 b are easily inserted into the heat insulating plate 7. Then, the inserted claw 8b acts as an anchor, withstands the gravitational load of the lath 4, and performs a temporary fixing function. That is, the force required to insert the nail 8b in the direction perpendicular to the surface of the heat insulating plate 7 is relatively small, and the force of the fingertip of an adult male can be easily and quickly performed. As described above, it is possible to pull out the nail 8b in the direction opposite to the direction in which the nail 8b is inserted with a small force. However, even if the holding tool 8 is moved by applying a force parallel to the plate surface of the heat insulating plate while the claw 8b is inserted, it does not move easily. For this reason, it is easy to push the claw 8b of the holding member 8 into the heat insulating plate 7 and stop it, but the held holding member 8 can withstand the gravitational load of the lath 4 and hold it. This holding state is not very reliable, and if an external force acts in a direction in which the lath 4 is peeled off from the heat insulating plate 7, the claw 8 b of the lath presser 8 may be pulled out of the heat insulating plate 7. Therefore, the state shown in FIG. 1 (B) is insufficient for the permanent attachment of the lath 4, and is merely a temporary fixing state. However, it has a necessary and sufficient holding performance as a temporary fixing in the process of pushing the process to the state shown in FIG. Considering the reason why the above-described function can be performed from a functional aspect in the present embodiment, the force required to pierce the claw 8b of the holding member 8 into the heat insulating plate (in this example, isocyanurate foam) is small and sufficient. This is because a large force (a force much larger than the weight of the lath 4) is required to cut the heat insulating plate with the claw 8b. The shape of the nail 8b suitable for producing such an effect will be described later in detail with reference to FIG.

(See FIG. 1 (C)) The lath presser 8 is fastened to the column 1 by a screw 9. As a result, the lath 4 which has been temporarily fixed in the previous step (FIG. B) is integrally fixed to the column 1 via the presser 8. As can be understood from the figure (C), the screw 9 necessarily penetrates the heat insulating plate 7. For this reason, the lath presser 8, the lath 4, and the heat insulating plate 7 are co-fastened to the column 1 by the screw 9, and at this stage, the column 1, the heat insulating plate 7, and the lath 4 are integrated. Is combined with (See FIG. 1 (D).) As described above, the mortar 6 is applied to the lath 4 integrally connected to the column 1 together with the heat insulating plate 7.
Although iron coating is performed in the present embodiment, the present invention is not limited to iron coating, and a spraying technique may be applied. The mortar layer 6 to be formed is formed so as to enclose the lath 4, and is solidified in a state in which the mortar layer 6 is adhered to and adhered to the outer surface of the heat insulating plate 7. In the previous step (FIG. C), since the lath 4, the heat insulating plate 7 and the column 1 have already been joined, the column 1, the heat insulating plate 7 and the lath-containing mortar layer 6 are formed in this step (FIG. D). They are integrally joined to form an outer wall structure.

In the structure shown in Fig. D, the plywood 2 is omitted as compared with Fig. 5 (B) which is a conventional heat-insulated outer wall structure. The outer wall fixed to and supported by the pillar 1 forming the structure (frame) of the house is "insulating plate 7 having low hardness and easily damaged but having considerable rigidity" and "insufficient but high tensile strength" The ram 4 having a high impact value and the mortar layer 6 having a low impact value but a high hardness and being hard to be damaged are integrally connected to each other. It is strong and resistant to damage, and the construction cost is low (plywood is not required). If the decorative tile 9 is applied to the outer surface of the mortar layer 6 to apply makeup, the appearance can be beautiful. The outermost surface of the basic structure according to the present invention is a mortar layer 6, which has a suitable affinity for the application of the decorative tile. The effect of the outer wall structure according to the present invention described above has the strength required in a normal case, but when the strength is required to be higher than usual due to some circumstances, FIG.
Can be added to the structure shown in FIG. For example, an appropriate reinforcing plate may be added between the inner side surface of the heat insulating plate 7 (between the column 1) and the heat insulating plate 7 and the lath-containing mortar layer 6. Even if it has a reinforcing member not shown in FIG.
And a lath superimposed on the outer surface of the heat insulating plate 7 (either directly or through a reinforcing material), and the lath 4 and the column 1 are fastened through the heat insulating plate 7. If the mortar layer 6 is formed by enclosing the lath 4 and the mortar layer 6 is formed by enclosing the lath 4, the enclosing is sufficient. That is, as long as the essential components of the present invention are provided, they belong to the technical scope of the present invention regardless of whether or not other components are added.

FIGS. 2A and 2B show two examples of the lath press according to the present invention. FIG. 2A is an enlarged perspective view of the lath press used in the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above, and FIG. It is a perspective view of a lath presser in an embodiment. (A) The lath press shown in the figure is a stamped product formed by stamping a steel plate, and claws 8b are symmetrically arranged on both sides of a plate-shaped main body 8a, and are integrally and continuously provided. The two claws 8b are oriented in the same direction as each other, protrude substantially perpendicularly to the plate-shaped main body 8a, and have sharpened tips. Since the tip of the nail is sharp, it is easy to stab it into the heat insulating plate.
In the present invention, “claw” is a general term for a projecting piece, and whether it is pin-shaped or leg-shaped in appearance, belongs to the technical scope of the present invention. A force bone engaging groove 8c between the two claws 8b, which is "concave in the projecting direction of the claws and is substantially perpendicular to a line connecting the two claws (indicated by a two-dot chain line)"
Are formed.

When the lath presser 8 presses the lath against the heat insulating plate, when the power bone of the lath is fitted into the power bone engaging groove 8c, the plate-shaped main body 8a almost comes into contact with the heat insulating plate. In this state, insert the screw part of the screw into the screw hole 8d,
This is convenient for screwing the lath retainer 8 to the pillar. However, as in the case of the lath presser 8,
In the case of the lath retainer in which a screw hole 8d is drilled in a,
The force bone engaging groove 8d is not an essential component. When the edges of two adjacent laths are slightly overlapped, two force bones are positioned in parallel at the overlapped joint. In such a state, the two pawls 8b push the strut 8b so as to straddle the two struts without sticking to fitting the strut engaging groove 8a of the lath presser 8 to the strut of the lath. Good. The lath presser 11 shown in FIG. 2 (B) has a plate-shaped main body 11a provided with a power bone engaging groove 11b and a screw hole 11c, and the power bone engaging groove 11b.
Is located on the side where the plate-shaped body 11a is concave.
A pressure-sensitive adhesive layer 11d covering the release paper 10e.
Is temporarily affixed. When using the lath presser 11, the release paper 10e is peeled off and the force bone engaging groove 11b is removed.
Then, the adhesive layer 11d is pressed against the heat insulating plate to make it adhere. Adhesion with a pressure-sensitive adhesive lacks durability and reliability as a permanent structure, but shows sufficient holding power as a temporary attachment. Symbol 8 or symbol 1
The reason why the member shown in 1 is not called "the lath presser" but "the lath presser" is because this member is not necessarily limited to a steel plate stamped product and can be made of, for example, hard plastic. is there. As shown in FIG. 2, the use of a lath presser which is formed separately from the lath can be applied to various types of laths manufactured and supplied by each manufacturer, and the versatility is large.

FIG. 3 is a view similar to the embodiment shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 without using a single lath presser.
1 shows an embodiment of a lath having a structure for temporarily fixing a lath to a heat insulating plate and a structure in which a part of a component for permanently fastening the lath to a column is attached to a power bone of the lath. (A) is an external perspective view to which a screw is added, (B) is an enlarged external perspective view of a main part in an embodiment different from the above,
(C) is an external perspective view in which a different embodiment from the above-mentioned main part enlarged perspective view is drawn by a solid line, and further another embodiment is drawn by a chain line. (A) As shown in FIG.
A washer 12d that functions as a washer for the screw 9 is provided on the lath 12 having a net sandwiched between the and the lateral force bone 12b,
The pointed nail 12e is fixed to the power bone. When the nail 12e is inserted into the heat insulating material, the lath 12 is temporarily fixed. Then, when the screw 9 is inserted into the washer-like member 12d, and the screw 9 is penetrated through the heat insulating plate and screwed into the pillar, the lath 12 is permanently fixed. (B) In the embodiment shown in the figure, two hole-shaped washer-shaped members 14 are fixed to the lath force bone 13. And the nail | claw 15 is attached to the above-mentioned power bone 13. The above-mentioned claw 15 is a power bone 1
3 may be fixed, or may be attached so as to be swingable as indicated by an arc arrow θ. Further, as shown by the phantom line 15 ', it can be integrally connected to the washer-shaped member 14. (C) In the example of the drawing, the force bone 16 is plastically processed to form an annular portion 17 that can function as a washer. It can also be formed in a pseudo annular shape that can function as a washer as indicated by 17 'indicated by a virtual line.

FIG. 4 is a horizontal sectional view showing an embodiment in which a ventilation path is formed by using a body edge, which is partially cut and drawn. A vertical waist edge 19 is attached to the outer surface of the pillar 1 and the outer surface of the stud 18, and the heat insulating plate 7 is brought into contact with the pillar 1 and the stud 18 via the vertical waist edge 19 and temporarily fixed (by a temporary fixing means). Some nails are not shown), and screws 9 are a heat insulating plate 7 and a vertical waist 1
8 and is screwed into the column 1 or the stud 18.
Thereby, a gap corresponding to the thickness dimension of the vertical trunk edge is formed between the heat insulating plate 7 and the columns 1 and the studs 18, and the gap forms the ventilation path 20. Since the ventilation path 20 is formed in the vertical direction along the vertical trunk edge 19, a vertical ventilation path is formed in the house to improve the durability of the wooden structure of the house, and to improve the living space in the house. Make the sex comfortable.

[0027]

As described above, according to the embodiment of the present invention, the structure and function thereof are clarified. According to the method of the first aspect of the present invention, the lath pressed against the column via the heat insulating plate is: Since the column, the heat insulating plate, and the lath are integrally coupled to each other by the screws that penetrate the heat insulating plate. In the case of performing the fastening operation using screws as described above, since the lath is temporarily fixed to the heat insulating plate and the heat insulating plate is temporarily fixed to the pillar, the work can be performed quickly and easily without fear of misalignment. In this manner, the lath integrally fixed to the heat insulating plate and the pillar forms a mortar layer in a form that can be applied and solidifies, so that the mortar layer is integrally fixed to the heat insulating plate and the lath. You. As described above, a. Integral connection of the lath, the heat insulating plate and the pillar by screws, and b. Adhesive strength of mortar, and integral fixing of mortar layer and heat insulation board by lath filling. As a whole, the pillars and
A tough outer wall structure in which the heat insulating plate and the lath-containing mortar layer are integrally joined is formed. These three members have different material mechanical properties. In other words, the expansion force, pressure resistance, stiffness, impact value, and hardness are different from each other, but these three components are combined to compensate for the weak points, exert their advantages, and provide a house with excellent earthquake resistance. Is formed. For example, the mortar layer forms the outermost layer capable of exhibiting the advantage of its high hardness, and the disadvantage that the impact value is low (brittle) is compensated for by the lath, which is the same as the operation and effect in the related art. A characteristic effect of the present invention is that the heat insulating plate not only exhibits its heat insulating properties but also exhibits its rigidity and pressure resistance and functions as a strength member of the outer wall. The disadvantage that this heat insulating plate is vulnerable to partial external forces is compensated by being protected by a mortar layer.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, when performing the first aspect of the present invention, the operation of "temporarily fixing the lath to the heat insulating plate and screwing the lath to the pillar" is performed by a small number of people. It can be performed quickly, easily, safely, and at low cost. That is, in the step of temporarily fixing the lath to the heat insulating plate, the heat insulating plate is already temporarily fixed to the pillar (this temporary fixing can be easily performed using, for example, a nail). When the lath is temporarily fixed to the above-mentioned heat insulating plate, the lath is heavier than the heat insulating plate, and the danger of dropping the lath is significantly greater than that of the case where the heat insulating plate is dropped. From such a viewpoint, when the lath is pressed against the heat insulating plate by the presser having the claw-shaped portion, the above-mentioned claw bites into the heat insulating plate to perform a temporary fixing function. Can temporarily fix the lath to the heat insulating plate. When the above retainer is fastened to the pillar with screws, it will be fixed in earnest, but even if you release your hand from the lath in the middle of screwing work, the claws of the retainer are biting into the heat insulating plate, There is no danger of falling and causing an accident. Since the above-mentioned lath is provided with a through hole for a screw, the work of screwing this to the pillar can be easily performed.

According to the third aspect of the present invention, when implementing the first aspect of the present invention, "the work of temporarily fixing the lath to the heat insulating plate and screwing the lath to the pillar" is performed.
Can be performed quickly, easily, safely, and at low cost with a small number of people. That is, in the step of temporarily fixing the lath to the heat insulating plate, the heat insulating plate is already temporarily fixed to the pillar (this temporary fixing can be easily performed using, for example, a nail). When the lath is temporarily fixed to the above-mentioned heat insulating plate, the lath is heavier than the heat insulating plate, and the danger of dropping the lath is significantly greater than that of the case where the heat insulating plate is dropped. From such a viewpoint, when the lath is pressed against the heat insulating plate by the holding tool having the pressure sensitive adhesive layer, the pressure sensitive adhesive layer adheres to the outer surface of the heat insulating plate to perform a temporary fixing function, and thus does not necessarily require an auxiliary worker. In addition, one worker can temporarily fix the lath to the heat insulating plate. The retainer is fixed in earnest when it is fastened to a pillar with a screw.However, even if you release your hand from the lath in the middle of screwing work, the retainer is attached to the heat insulating plate by adhesive force. There is no danger of falling and causing an accident. Since the above-mentioned lath is provided with a through hole for a screw, the work of screwing this to the pillar can be easily performed.

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, when carrying out the first aspect of the present invention, "the work of temporarily fixing the lath to the heat insulating plate and screwing the lath to the pillar" is performed.
Can be performed quickly, easily, safely, and at low cost with a small number of people. That is, in the step of temporarily fixing the lath to the heat insulating plate, the heat insulating plate is already temporarily fixed to the pillar (this temporary fixing can be easily performed using, for example, a nail). When the lath is temporarily fixed to the above-mentioned heat insulating plate, the lath is heavier than the heat insulating plate, and the danger of dropping the lath is significantly greater than that of the case where the heat insulating plate is dropped. From this point of view, when the claw-shaped member attached to the skeleton of the lath is pressed against the heat insulating plate, the above-mentioned claws bite into the heat insulating plate and perform a temporary fixing function, so that the auxiliary worker is not necessarily required. One worker can temporarily fix the lath to the heat insulating plate. When the washer-shaped part of the lath is fastened to the pillar with a screw, it is fixed in earnest, but even if you release your hand from the lath in the middle of screwing work, the claw part of the lath bites into the insulation board, There is no danger of falling and causing an accident.

Since the washer-like member is provided with a through hole for a screw, the operation of fixing the screw to the column can be easily performed.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the pillar, the vertical body edge, the heat insulating plate, and the lath-containing mortar layer form an integrally-sealed outer wall having good hermeticity, and furthermore, a vertical ventilation path is formed. Therefore, the humidity control of the whole house can be effectively performed. As a result, comfort is improved, and the durability of timber structures such as columns, beams, and floors is improved. The effect of the ventilation path formation described above has excellent practical value in the case of a one-story wooden house, but in the case of a two-story wooden house, or in the case of a wooden building aiming to use an attic, A ventilation path can be formed directly under the floor, which is of great practical value.

According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the heat insulating plate is fastened between the lath and the column so that the three members are fixed to each other, and the mortar layer applied to the lath fixes the lath. Wrapped to form an integral structure, and the mortar adheres to the outer surface of the heat insulating plate. As a result, the pillar, the heat insulating plate, and the lath-containing mortar layer are mutually connected to form an integral outer wall structure, and exhibit excellent earthquake resistance. Moreover,
Since the heat insulating plate is incorporated, it exerts a heat insulating effect and improves the cooling and heating efficiency of the space inside the house, contributing to energy saving. Since the heat-insulating outer wall of claim 6 constructed as described above does not have a structure using plywood as in the conventional example, the material cost corresponding to plywood is reduced beforehand, and its heat insulation value and The construction cost is lower than the strength value. Plywood is not used, but since the heat insulating plate is integrally connected to the mortar layer and screwed to the column, the rigidity of the heat insulating plate contributes to the strength of the outer wall and high earthquake resistance is obtained. .

According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, a vertical ventilation path is formed between the pillar and the outer wall. The vertical ventilation path is suitable for natural ventilation by convection, and can also be effectively used for forced ventilation by a fan driven by power, especially for ventilation of a two-story house or attic. -It is extremely suitable for intentionally ventilating under the floor.

According to the invention of claim 8, it is easy to temporarily fix the lath to the heat insulating plate with the member according to the present invention, and it is also easy to fasten the lath to the column with this member. Thus, "temporary attachment of lath to insulation board"
And the role of "permanent fixing of the lath to the column" can be fulfilled by one member. Permanent fixing of the lath can be easily performed by inserting a screw into this through-hole and screwing the screw into a pillar since a through-hole is formed in the main body. Temporary fixing of the lath is a temporary function until the permanent fixation by the screw is completed, and can be easily performed by inserting the claw-shaped portion of the lath presser into the heat insulating plate.

According to the ninth aspect of the present invention, it is easy to temporarily fix the lath to the heat insulating plate with the member according to the present invention, and it is also easy to fasten the lath to the column with this member. Thus, "temporary attachment of lath to insulation board"
And the role of "permanent fixing of the lath to the column" can be fulfilled by one member. Permanent fixing of the lath can be easily performed by inserting a screw into this through-hole and screwing the screw into a pillar since a through-hole is formed in the main body.

The temporary fixing of the lath is a temporary function until the permanent fixing by the screw is completed, and can be easily performed by pressing the adhesive layer of the lath presser against the heat insulating plate. it can.

According to the tenth aspect of the present invention, since the claw-like member protrudes from the power bone of the lath, when the protruding claw is pushed toward the heat insulating plate, the claw is fixed to the heat insulating plate. . Since the power bone to which the claw is attached is a main strength member of the lath, when the claw bites into the heat insulating plate and is fixed, the entire lath is fixed to the heat insulating plate via the power bone and the lath is fixed. The function of the temporary fixing is performed. The use of the "claw-shaped member having a sharp tip" to temporarily fix the lath to the heat insulating plate is based on the consideration of the physical properties of the heat insulating plate. In other words, the heat insulating plate viewed macroscopically has sufficient rigidity to form a structure, but when the claw-shaped member is locally pierced, it allows press-fitting of the claw-shaped member. The idea of claim 10 of "attaching the claw-shaped member to the lath" was born based on the property of holding the member in the upright state.

According to the eleventh aspect of the present invention, a washer for screwing is attached to the power bone, which is the main strength member of the lath,
Alternatively, since a portion having a shape capable of functioning as a screw washer is formed, the power bone can be fastened and fixed to the column by the screw. When the power bone is fixed to the column, the entire lath is fixed to the column.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic horizontal cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of an insulated outer wall of the present invention, in which (A) shows a state where an insulating plate and a lath are applied to a column, and (B) is a diagram. A state in which the lath is temporarily fixed to the heat insulating plate by the lath retainer, (C) shows a state in which the lath retainer is fastened to the pillar with screws, and (D) wraps the lath to form a mortar layer. State
Each is drawn.

2A and 2B show two examples of a lath press according to the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 2 is an enlarged perspective view of a lath press used in the embodiment of FIG. 1 described above, and FIG. 2B is a perspective view of a lath press in an embodiment different from the above.

FIG. 3 is a structural member for temporarily fixing a lath to a heat insulating plate without using a single lath retainer as in the embodiments of FIGS. (A) shows an embodiment of a lath having a structure in which a part of a component for temporarily fastening is attached to a power bone of the lath;
Is an external perspective view in which screws are added, (B) is an enlarged perspective view of a main part in an embodiment different from the above, and (C) is an embodiment different from the magnified perspective view of the main part, drawn with a solid line, and further different embodiments. FIG. 2 is an external perspective view in which is drawn by a chain line.

FIG. 4 is a horizontal cross-sectional view illustrating an embodiment in which a ventilation path is formed using a trunk edge, and is partially cut and drawn.

FIG. 5 is a schematic horizontal sectional view showing a state in which a mortar-painted outer wall has been constructed for a pillar of a wooden house, and FIG.
(B) is a conventional example using no heat insulating plate, and (B) is a conventional example using a heat insulating plate.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... pillar, 2 ... plywood, 3 ... nail, 4 ... lath, 4a ... power bone, 5
... Tucker nail, 6 ... Mortar, 7 ... Insulating plate, 8 ... Las presser, 8a ... Plate body, 8b ... Claw, 8c ... Power bone engaging groove,
8d: screw hole, 9: screw, 10: decorative tile, 11: lath retainer, 11a: plate-shaped body, 11b: force bone engaging groove, 1
1c: screw hole, 11d: adhesive layer, 11e: release paper, 1
2 ... lath, 12a ... longitudinal bone, 12b ... lateral bone, 12c ...
Net, 12d: Washer, 12e: Claw, 13: Longitudinal bone, 1
4 ... washers, 15, 15 '... claws, 16 ... longitudinal force bones, 17 ... annular portions, 17' ... pseudo annular portions, 18 ... studs, 19 ... vertical trunk edges, 20 ... ventilation passages.

Claims (11)

[Claims] 1. A heat insulating plate is brought into contact with a pillar and temporarily fixed thereto, and a lath is superimposed on the heat insulating plate, and the lath is temporarily fixed to the heat insulating plate. In a state where the and the lath are overlapped and temporarily fixed, the above-mentioned lath is penetrated by a heat insulating plate with a screw or a similar fastening member, and is fixed to the column in a jointly tightened state. Forming a mortar layer on the outside of a plate so that a lath can be applied thereto, and firmly and integrally connecting the column, the heat insulating plate, and the mortar containing the lath, wherein the method comprises the steps of: . 2. When the lath is temporarily fixed to a heat insulating plate, a “holding tool provided with a through hole through which a screw portion of a screw can be inserted and a claw-shaped portion press-fittable into the heat insulating material” is provided. In a state where the lath is pressed against the heat insulating plate by the above-mentioned holding tool, the claws are pressed into the heat insulating plate to temporarily fix the lath to the heat insulating plate, and the screws inserted into the through holes are inserted into the heat insulating plate. 2. The method according to claim 1, wherein the outer wall is screwed into the pillar. 3. When the lath is temporarily fixed to the heat insulating plate, a “holding tool provided with a through hole through which a screw portion of a screw can be inserted and an adhesive layer covered with release paper” is used. By peeling off the release paper to expose the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer, and pressing the lath with the presser toward the heat-insulating plate, the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer is brought into close contact with the heat-insulating plate and pressed, whereby the above-described lath is pressed. 2. The structure of the heat-insulating outer wall according to claim 1, wherein screws are temporarily fixed to the heat-insulating plate, and screws inserted into the through holes are passed through the heat-insulating plate and screwed into the pillars. Method. 4. A lath in which a claw-shaped member is attached to a power bone and a washer-shaped part into which a screw can be inserted is formed in the power bone, and the lath is attached to a heat insulating plate. In the case of temporary fixing, the claw-shaped member is press-fitted into a heat insulating plate and temporarily fixed, and the tip of a screw inserted into a washer-shaped portion formed on the lath is penetrated through the heat insulating plate and screwed into a pillar. The method of claim 1, wherein the outer wall is inserted. 5. Prior to contacting the heat insulating plate with the pillar and temporarily fixing the heat insulating plate, a vertical body edge is attached to the pillar, and the heat insulating plate is brought into contact with the pillar via the vertical body edge. When a member similar to this is made to penetrate the heat insulating plate, by screwing into the vertical trunk edge, or by penetrating the vertical trunk edge and screwing into a pillar, the vertical trunk edge acts as a spacer. The method of claim 1, wherein a ventilation path is formed between the pillar and the heat insulating plate. 6. A heat insulating plate fixed to the outer surface of the pillar, a lath placed on the outer surface of the heat insulating plate, and the lath is fastened to the column through the heat insulating plate. A heat-insulated outer wall comprising a screw or a rod-like member similar to a screw, and a mortar layer formed by enclosing the lath. 7. A vertical body edge is attached to a surface of the pillar facing the heat insulating plate, and the screw or a rod-like member similar to the screw penetrates the heat insulating plate and the vertical body edge. 7. A gap between the pillar and the heat insulating plate, the gap corresponding to the thickness dimension of the vertical trunk edge is formed, and the gap can function as a ventilation path. The insulated outer wall described in 1. 8. A "plate-shaped main body portion";"a claw-shaped portion which is fixed to the plate-shaped main body portion and protrudes substantially perpendicularly from the main body portion"; A heat-insulating outer wall forming member, comprising: a "through hole formed in a plate-shaped main body portion". 9. A "plate-shaped body portion", "a through-hole formed in the plate-shaped body portion", "an adhesive layer formed to cover the plate-shaped body portion", and " A release paper temporarily covering the pressure-sensitive adhesive layer ". 10. A lath made of a wire mesh member having a power bone, wherein a "claw-shaped member having a sharp tip" is attached to the power bone, and the lath is formed by the wire mesh and the power bone. In a state where the lath is unfolded in a plane, the claw-like member projects substantially perpendicularly from the plane and is fixed to the power bone, or the claw-like member is projected substantially perpendicularly from the plane. A member for the construction of an insulated outer wall, characterized in that it is attached to the kinematic bone so as to obtain it. 11. A washer-like member having a through hole through which a screw portion of a screw can be inserted is attached to the force bone, or the force bone is subjected to plastic working so that the screw portion of the screw is removed. 11. The heat insulating outer wall forming member according to claim 10, wherein an annular portion that can be inserted or a portion having a shape similar to an annular shape is formed.