JP2001000436A - Needle for biopsy - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a biopsy needle for collection of increased amount of a sample without failure. SOLUTION: This biopsy needle comprises an inner needle possessing a cavity at one end to receive collected sample, an outer needle possessing an edge at one end and capped on the inner needle, and a body that supports the two needles in such a way that the needles and slide back and forth independently. The inner needle has a tubular shape having a blanking cover, and the opening on another end works as a cavity for the collected sample. An injector is connected to a hub at the rear end of the inner needle as a means for reduced pressure.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a biopsy needle for sampling a part of a living tissue for examination.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A biopsy needle is composed of an inner needle having a sampling piece accommodating portion at a distal end thereof and an outer needle having a distal end formed on a cutting blade. The distal end of the inner needle relatively enters and exits from the distal end of the outer needle. It is possible. When collecting the living tissue, the living body is punctured with the tip of the inner needle retracted into the outer needle, and then the tip of the inner needle is instantly pushed out of the outer needle by a spring or the like. The outer needle is immediately advanced by a spring or the like, and a part of the living tissue that has entered the specimen storage section is cut off by the cutting blade at the tip of the outer needle. Then, pull out the outer needle together with the inner needle from the living body, or pull out the inner needle only while leaving the outer needle as it is, check the sampling piece, and if insufficient, pierce the inner needle again to collect, Alternatively, a therapeutic insertion needle is inserted into the outer needle instead of the inner needle, and the hemostatic treatment solution is injected.

As shown in FIG. 1A, a conventional biopsy needle 3
Reference numeral 0 denotes an outer needle 3 of a hollow tubular body and an inner needle 32 of a solid rod, and a sampling piece accommodating portion is a groove 31 having a semicircular cross section formed by cutting off the tip of the inner needle 32. Therefore, the collected piece 25
Is less than half the cross section of the inner needle 32.

[0004]

The conventional biopsy needle has the following problems. 1. The amount of the sample entering the groove for accommodating the sample of the inner needle is small. 2. When cutting with the tip cutting edge of the outer needle, the living tissue may escape from the groove of the collection piece accommodating portion and collection may fail. 3. When only the inner needle is pulled out while leaving the outer needle, the sample pieces accommodated in the groove of the inner needle adhere to the inner wall of the outer needle.

[0005] When the diameter of the inner needle is increased to increase the number of pieces to be collected, the entire biopsy needle becomes thicker, causing pain to the subject. The present invention has been made in view of the above, the problem is, without increasing the diameter of the inner needle, it is possible to increase the amount of sampling pieces, without failure of sampling by the cutting edge of the outer needle tip,
An object of the present invention is to provide a biopsy needle in which a sample piece does not adhere to the inner wall of the outer needle even when only the inner needle is pulled out while leaving the outer needle.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, the present invention employs a method in which the inner needle of a biopsy needle is a tube having a closed end, and an opening is formed in the peripheral surface of the inner needle at the end. A negative pressure generating means for negatively applying pressure to the inside was connected to the rear end of the inner needle, and the living tissue was pulled in from the opening by negative pressure, and cut off with the cutting blade of the outer needle. That is, the sampling piece is kept at a negative pressure.

It is desirable to use a syringe as the negative pressure generating means, but it is also possible to use other negative pressure generating means, for example, a pump having an on-off valve, a dropper and the like.
Assuming that the length of the opening in the axial direction is the same as that of the conventional collecting groove and that the central angle is approximately 180 degrees, the living tissue that can be inserted into the inner needle from the opening is greatly increased as compared with the conventional one.

[0008] After the living tissue is sucked into the inner needle from the opening and held by applying a negative pressure to the inside of the inner needle, a part of the living tissue put into the inner needle is cut off as a sample by the cutting blade of the outer needle. There is no danger that the sample will sometimes escape and become uncollectable, and the cut sample is much larger than the conventional one. Even when only the inner needle is pulled out after leaving the outer needle, the collected piece remains sucked by the inner needle due to the negative pressure, so that the collected piece is less likely to adhere to the inner wall of the outer needle and fall off.

It is also possible to reinforce the inner needle by rotatably inserting the reinforcing inner needle of the tubular body into the inner needle. The opening of the inner needle for reinforcement is a shape that can be superimposed on the opening of the inner needle.When the inner needle for rotation is rotated and the opening of the inner needle is completely sealed with the inner needle for reinforcement, the opening part of the inner needle is Reinforced. In this case, the negative pressure generating means is connected not to the inner needle but to the rear end of the reinforcing inner needle projecting rearward from the inner needle. When the inner needle is pushed out of the outer needle after puncturing the biopsy needle, the opening of the inner needle is completely sealed with the reinforcing inner needle, and the opening of the inner needle is reinforced. After the inner needle is extruded, the reinforcing inner needle is inverted and the opening of the reinforcing inner needle is overlapped with the opening of the inner needle. Then, a negative pressure is applied by the negative pressure generating means to aspirate and hold the living tissue inside the reinforcing inner needle, and then advance the outer needle to cut out the living tissue sucked inside as a sample. Then, the reinforcing inner needle is rotated again, the opening of the inner needle is sealed, and the inner needle is pulled out of the outer needle. Since the opening of the inner needle is completely sealed by the reinforcing inner needle, there is no danger that the sample collected inside will adhere to the inner wall of the outer needle and fall off.

[0010] When the reinforcing inner needle rotates approximately half a turn with respect to the inner needle,
It is desirable to shift the opening of the inner needle from a fully open angle position where the opening of the reinforcing inner needle overlaps the opening of the inner needle to a fully closed angle position where the reinforcing inner needle is completely sealed. For this reason, the hub at the rear end of the reinforced inner needle is externally fitted to the hub at the rear end of the inner needle, and one of the outer peripheral surface of the inner needle hub and the inner peripheral surface of the reinforced inner needle hub has a projection, and the other end has the opposite ends. A semi-annular recess is formed to engage the projection.

[0011]

FIG. 1 (b), FIG. 2, and FIG.
A description will be given based on the biopsy needle of the first embodiment shown in FIG. FIG.
(B) is a cross-sectional view of the tip portion of the first embodiment, and FIG.
FIG. 3 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the embodiment, and FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a sampling state of the first embodiment.

The biopsy needle 1 has an inner needle 2 and an outer needle 3 in which the inner needle 2 is slidably fitted. The inner needle 2 is a hollow pipe made of stainless steel, and the tip 4 is a bevel point. An opening 5 is provided behind the tip 4, the opening 5 is semicircular and has substantially the same axial length as a conventional sampling groove.
The tip of the outer needle 3 is formed on the cutting blade 6. The hub 8 at the rear end of the inner needle 2 is attached to the inner needle slide base 9 and the hub 1 at the rear end of the outer needle 3.
Reference numeral 0 is fixed to the outer needle slide base 11, and the inner needle and outer needle slide bases 9 and 11 are attached to the main body 7 so as to be slidable in the axial direction.

Although not shown, the main body is provided with a known mechanism for advancing the inner needle and the outer needle slide base independently by a spring and locking the spring. A syringe 12 is connected to the hub 8 of the inner needle 2.
3, the piston rod 14 is inserted so as to be able to move in and out. A spring 15 is interposed between the cylinder 13 and the piston rod 14, and the spring 15 urges the piston rod 14 in a direction to pull out from the cylinder 13. The cylinder 13 is provided with a lock 16 for locking the spring 15 in a compressed state.

The collection of living tissue according to the first embodiment is performed as follows. When puncturing the biopsy needle 1, the inner and outer needle slide bases 10, 11 are in the retracted position shown in FIG. 2, and the piston rod 14 of the syringe 12 locks in the advanced position. After the puncture, the inner needle slide base 9 is moved forward as shown by an arrow A in FIG. At this time, the tip 4 of the inner needle 2 is cut into the living tissue 24, and the opening 5 faces the living tissue.

Therefore, as shown in FIG. 3B, the lock 16 of the syringe 12 is released, the piston rod 14 is retracted by the repulsive force of the spring 15 as shown by the arrow B, and a negative pressure is applied to the inner needle 2. Multiply. Since the living tissue 24 is sucked by this negative pressure, the living tissue 24 deeply enters the inside through the opening 5 of the inner needle 2. Next, as shown by an arrow C in FIG.
1 is advanced, and the portion of the living tissue that has entered the inner needle 2 is cut off by the cutting blade 6 of the outer needle 3 to obtain a sample 25.

Next, although not shown, only the inner needle is pulled out and the sample is inspected. When comparing FIG. 1A and FIG. 1B, the depth of the inner needle 2 at which the living tissue can enter is deeper than before, and the living tissue is aspirated. It can be seen that the number increases significantly.
In addition, when the sample 25 is cut, the living tissue is sucked into the inner needle 2 with a negative pressure and cannot escape, so that it is reliably cut and formed into a sample. Therefore, there is no possibility that the sampling will fail.

When only the inner needle is withdrawn while leaving the outer needle, the sample is sucked into the inner needle at a negative pressure, so that the amount of the sample attached to the inner wall of the outer needle and lost is small. When removing the sample from the inner needle, the piston rod of the syringe is manually advanced to pressurize the inside of the inner needle, so that the sample can be easily removed from the opening of the inner needle. Next, a second embodiment shown in FIG. 1C and FIGS. 4 to 6 will be described.

FIG. 1C is a cross-sectional view of the tip portion of the second embodiment, FIG. 4 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the second embodiment, and FIG.
FIG. 6 is a view showing the sampling state of the second embodiment. The outer needle 3 of the biopsy needle 1 is the same as in the first embodiment, but the tip 4 of the inner needle 2 is a pencil point, and a reinforcing inner needle 20 is rotatably inserted inside. An opening 21 corresponding to the opening 5 of the inner needle 2 is provided at the tip of the reinforcing inner needle 20.
Is opened. The syringe connects not to the rear end of the inner needle hub 8 but to the rear end of the reinforced inner needle 20 protruding therefrom.
The hub 22 integral with the reinforcing inner needle 20 covers the hub 8 integral with the inner needle 20 in a hat shape.

As shown in FIG. 5, the inner peripheral surface of the hub 22 is rotatably fitted to the cylindrical outer peripheral surface 17 of the hub 8, and a semi-annular concave portion 19 is provided on the inner peripheral surface 23. A convex portion 18 that fits into the concave portion 19 is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the hub 8. When one inner end surface of the concave portion 19 of the hub 22 comes into contact with the convex portion 18 of the hub 8, the opening 21 of the reinforcing inner needle 20 is closed as shown in FIGS.
At the fully closed angle position shown in (d), the reinforcing inner needle 20 completely closes the opening 5 of the inner needle 2 and reinforces the opening of the inner needle 2.

When the hub 22 is turned by about 180 degrees in the direction of arrow D in FIG. 5 to bring the other inner end surface of the concave portion 19 into contact with the convex portion 18, the reinforcing inner needle 20 is brought into contact with the reinforcing inner needle 20 as shown in FIGS. 2 and the opening 21 of the reinforcing inner needle 20 overlaps with the opening 5 of the inner needle 2. Instead of providing a concave portion on the inner peripheral surface of the hub 22, a convex portion may be provided, and a semi-annular concave portion may be provided on the hub 8.

As described above, by rotating the hub 22 halfway with respect to the hub 8, the inner reinforcing needle 20 can be moved from the fully closed angle position to the fully open angle position, or vice versa. Second
A description will be given of the collection of living tissue according to the embodiment. First, the reinforcing inner needle 20 is rotated to the fully closed angle position, and as shown in FIG. 4, the opening 5 of the inner needle 2 is completely closed with the reinforcing inner needle 20, and the puncture is performed with the opening of the inner needle 2 reinforced. do.

After puncturing, as shown in FIG.
Is pushed out of the outer needle 3 into the living tissue 24 together with the reinforcing inner needle 20. At this time, the opening 21 of the reinforcing inner needle 20 is on the opposite side of the opening 5 of the inner needle 2. Then, the reinforcing inner needle 20 is rotated 180 degrees to the fully open angle position, and as shown in FIG.
The opening 5 of the inner needle 2 and the opening 21 of the reinforcing inner needle 20 are overlapped.

In this state, the lock 1 of the syringe 12 shown in FIG.
6 is removed, and the piston rod 14 in the cylinder 13 is retracted by the repulsive force of the spring 15. The living tissue 24 is sucked into the reinforcing inner needle 20 by the negative pressure generated by the retraction of the piston rod. Therefore, as shown in FIG. 6C, the living tissue 24 sucked into the opening 5 of the inner needle 2 and the opening 21 of the reinforcing inner needle 20 by moving the outer needle 3 forward is cut out to obtain a sampling piece 25.

Next, as shown in FIG. 6D, the reinforcing needle 20 is returned to the original fully closed angle position, and the sampling piece 25 is sealed inside the reinforcing inner needle 20. Even if the reinforcing inner needle 20 is pulled out from the outer needle 3 together with the inner needle 2, since the sampling piece 25 is completely sealed in the reinforcing inner needle 20, there is a possibility that the collecting piece 25 may adhere to the inner wall of the outer needle 3 and fall off. Not at all. After withdrawal, the reinforced inner needle is turned to the fully open position again, and the piston rod of the syringe is manually advanced, whereby the sample can be easily removed by pressurization.

By comparing FIG. 1B and FIG. 1C, it can be seen that the amount of the sampling pieces 25 of the second embodiment is greatly increased as in the first embodiment.

[0026]

As described above, the biopsy needle of the present invention is a system in which a living tissue is actively sucked and collected by negative pressure from the peripheral surface opening of the inner needle of the hollow tube. Unlike the method of cutting out and collecting the living tissue naturally entering the groove formed in the inner needle, the following excellent effects are obtained. 1. There are few harvest failures. 2. The sampling amount can be increased without increasing the needle diameter. 3. When removing the inner needle while leaving the outer needle to inject the treatment liquid, the possibility that the collected piece adheres to the inner wall of the outer needle and falls off is reduced. 4. In particular, the double inner needle not only prevents breakage of the opening of the inner needle, but also completely prevents the specimen from adhering to the inner wall of the outer needle when removing the inner needle from the outer needle can do.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an enlarged cross-sectional view of a tip portion of a biopsy needle, wherein (a) shows a conventional example, (b) shows a first embodiment, and (c) shows a second embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a partial cross-sectional side view of the first embodiment, in which a front end portion is enlarged.

FIGS. 3A and 3B are diagrams showing a state in which the distal end portion of the first embodiment is enlarged to show a collection state, wherein FIG. 3A shows a state in which the inner needle is pushed out after puncturing, FIG. (C) shows a state in which the sample is cut off.

FIG. 4 is a view corresponding to FIG. 2 of a second embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a view taken along line VV in FIG. 4;

FIGS. 6A and 6B are diagrams showing a state of collecting the tip portion of the second embodiment, in which FIG.
Shows a state in which a living tissue is sucked, (c) shows a state in which a sample is cut out, and (d) shows a state in which the sample is enclosed.

[Explanation of symbols]

 1: Biopsy needle 2: Inner needle 3: Outer needle 4: Tip 5: Opening 6: Cutting blade 7: Body 8: Hub (inner needle) 9: Hub (outer needle) 10: Slide base (inner needle) 11: Slide Base (outer needle) 12: syringe 13: cylinder 14: piston rod 15: spring 16: lock 17: outer peripheral surface 18: convex portion 19: concave portion 20: reinforcing inner needle 21: opening 22: hub 23: inner peripheral surface 24: Living tissue 25: Sampling piece 30: Biopsy needle 31: Groove 32: Inner needle

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. An inner needle (2) having a sampling piece accommodating portion at a distal end, an outer needle (3) having a cutting blade (6) at a distal end and slidably fitted to the inner needle, A biopsy needle (1) comprising an inner needle and a main body (7) for independently supporting the outer needle so as to be able to advance and retreat, wherein the inner needle is a tubular body having a closed end;
The biopsy needle according to claim 1, wherein the collection piece accommodating portion is inside an opening (5) formed in a peripheral surface of a tip portion of the inner needle, and a rear end of the inner needle is connected to a negative pressure generating means. 2. An inner needle (2) having a sampling piece accommodating portion at a distal end, an outer needle (3) having a cutting blade (6) at a distal end and slidably fitted to the inner needle, A biopsy needle (1) comprising an inner needle and a main body (7) for independently supporting the outer needle so as to be able to advance and retreat, wherein the inner needle is a tubular body having a closed end;
The collection piece accommodating portion is inside an opening (5) formed on the peripheral surface of the inner needle tip, and the inner needle is a reinforcing inner needle (2
0), and the reinforcing inner needle is provided with an opening (21) that can be overlapped with the opening (5), and the rear end of the reinforcing inner needle is connected to a negative pressure generating means. The biopsy needle according to claim 1, wherein 3. The biopsy needle according to claim 1, wherein the negative pressure generating means is a syringe (12). 4. A syringe (12) having a spring (15) for retracting a piston rod (14) and a lock (16) for locking the spring provided on the cylinder (13) of the syringe. Item 7. The biopsy needle according to Item 3. 5. A hub (22) at the rear end of the reinforced inner needle (20) is fitted around the hub (8) at the rear end of the inner needle (2) so as to be substantially half-turnable,
When the hub (22) is rotated to one limit, the reinforced inner needle is in a fully closed angle position to completely close the opening (5) of the inner needle, and when the hub is rotated to the other limit, the reinforced inner needle is 3. The biopsy needle according to claim 2, wherein the opening (21) is at a fully open angle position overlapping the opening (5) of the inner needle. 6. A convex portion (18) is formed on one of an outer peripheral surface of the hub (8) and an inner peripheral surface of the hub (22), and a semi-circular concave portion (19) is formed on the other side, the both ends being engaged with the convex portion. The biopsy needle according to claim 5, wherein