JP2000337089A - Structure for attaching disc cutter - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a compact structure by eliminating directivity in attaching a disc cutter to a casing. SOLUTION: This structure for attaching a disc cutter includes key blocks 13 each having an inclined face which abuts the inclined face of the shaft fixing part 5 of the disc cutter 1 while taking the form of a wedge, a casing 6 having a supporting part for supporting the shaft fixing parts 5 and having a clearance part for removing the shaft fixing part 5, fixing blocks removably provided to cover the clearance part, and fixing bolts 18 passing through the fixing blocks to tighten the key blocks 13 backward. The attached positions of the key blocks 13 to the right and left shaft fixing parts 5 are opposite each other at the right and left of a shaft, and the key blocks 13 can be disengaged and removed by rotating the disc cutter 1 through a predetermined angle θ.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a disk cutter mounting structure for removably mounting a disk cutter on a casing.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in a tunnel excavator for excavating a hard ground such as a bedrock, a cutter head is rotatably provided at a front portion of an excavator body, and a plurality of cutter heads are provided in front of the cutter head. A disk cutter is rotatably mounted, and the cutting of the face is performed while the disk cutter rotates in contact with the face as the cutter head rotates.

[0003] Since this disk cutter is worn or damaged during use, it is detachably attached to the cutter head so that it can be replaced as needed.

As an example of the mounting structure of the disk cutter, there is a method in which a shaft of the disk cutter is fixed to a casing using a wedge key. According to this method, the shaft can be firmly fixed by a wedge action, so that it has an advantage of being strong against an impact load.

Next, a conventional mounting structure using a wedge key will be described with reference to FIG. As shown,
The disk cutter 51 includes a disk cutter body 52 and a shaft 5 penetrating the center of the disk cutter body 52.
The shaft 53 is provided with shaft fixing portions 54 having substantially trapezoidal cross sections at both ends thereof, and the disk cutter 51 is attached to the casing 55 at these shaft fixing portions 54. In the casing 55, a first step portion 56 for supporting the shaft fixing portion 54 is formed at a position slightly closer to one side from the center portion, and
A key block 57 is provided at a position facing the first step portion 56.
A second step 58 for support is formed and the first
The shaft fixing part 5 is provided between the step 56 and the second step 58.
A space 59 for extracting 4 is formed.

A fixing block 60 is detachably provided on a surface of the casing 55 on the rear side of the disk cutter 51 so as to cover the gap 59. Further, bolts 61 are provided to penetrate the fixing block 60 and tighten the key block 57 toward the rear side of the disk cutter 51, and bolts 62 for fixing the fixing block 60 to the casing 55 are provided. ing. In FIG. 10B, only the mounting structure using the key block 53 on one side is shown, but the key block 53 having the same structure is also arranged at a position symmetrical with respect to the XX axis. Both ends of the shaft 53 are fixed by these two key blocks 57.

With such a mounting structure, when replacing the disk cutter 51, the bolts 62 holding the left and right fixing blocks 60 are loosened and removed, and the key blocks 57 are tightened up. The nuts of the bolts 61 are loosened and removed, and the fixing block 60 and the key block 53 are removed.
In FIGS. 10A and 10B, the shaft fixing portion 54 is slid to the left by the sliding amount s, and the shaft fixing portion 54 is pulled out from the gap portion 59 to the rear side (downward in FIG. 10A) which is the inside of the machine. When a new disk cutter is mounted, the shaft fixing portion 54 is inserted along the gap 59 from the rear side by an operation reverse to the extracting operation, and the right side in FIGS. After sliding by the sliding amount s, the key block 57 and the fixing block 60 are fixed.

[0008]

However, in the above-mentioned conventional disk cutter mounting structure, the shaft 53 is slid by a required amount of sliding s in a direction perpendicular to the shaft, so that one side of the casing 55 ( FIG.
A space corresponding to the slide amount s must be secured at 0 (a) and (b) (left side), and a useless space is created, and one side of the casing 53 becomes large. There is a problem that the spoke to be held becomes thick.

Further, as shown in FIG. 11, since the disk cutter 51 is mounted offset from the spoke 64, if the disk cutter 51 is disposed on the radiation from the center of the cutter head 63, 64 is offset. For this reason, not only is the structure complicated, but also there is a problem in terms of frame strength and a problem that an applicable model to which the disk cutter 51 is mounted is limited.

Further, in the case of the conventional structure, since the key block 57 is inserted from one side into the shaft fixing portion 54 of the disk cutter 51, the supporting ability of the disk cutter 51 is limited by the rotation of the cutter head. There is also a problem that it changes depending on the direction.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve such a problem, and has a compact structure without losing directionality when mounting a disk cutter to a casing, without making spokes asymmetric. It is another object of the present invention to provide a disk cutter mounting structure capable of maintaining the same load condition even when the rotation direction of the cutter head changes.

[0012]

In order to achieve the above object, a disk cutter mounting structure according to the present invention comprises a shaft fixing portion having a substantially trapezoidal cross section at both ends of a shaft penetrating a disk cutter body. A disk cutter mounting structure for fixing a disk cutter provided with a wedge action at a position of a shaft fixing portion thereof,
(A) a key block having an inclined surface fitted from the front side of the disk cutter and abutting against an inclined surface of the shaft fixing portion; and (b) opposite to the key block contacting surface of the shaft fixing portion. A first supporting portion for supporting a surface on the side of the disk cutter and a rear surface of the disk cutter; a second supporting portion for supporting a surface of the key block opposite to the shaft fixing portion abutting surface; A casing having a gap for removing the shaft fixing portion provided between the portion and the second support portion; and (c) attaching and detaching the casing on the rear surface of the disk cutter so as to cover the gap. A fixing block provided as possible,
(D) fixing bolts which penetrate through the fixing block and tighten the key block toward the rear side of the disk cutter, wherein the mounting positions of the key blocks with respect to the left and right shaft fixing portions are set to the right and left of the shaft. And the reverse.

In the present invention, the mounting positions of the key blocks with respect to the left and right shaft fixing portions are reversed on the left and right sides of the shaft. Therefore, when the disk cutter is attached to or detached from the casing, the disk cutter is moved in a horizontal direction. Instead, the disk cutter can be turned around the center point of the disk cutter by a required angle and moved to the mounting position or the detached position. Therefore, there is no need to secure a space for sliding the disk cutter in the casing, so that the mounting space can be reduced and the casing can be made compact. Further, since the position of the disk cutter with respect to the casing can be arranged so as to be symmetrical left and right, when the casing is attached to the spokes, there is no problem that the spokes become left-right asymmetric. In addition, regardless of whether the cutter head rotates normally or reversely, the disk cutter has the same supporting capacity, and stable excavation can be performed.

In the present invention, it is preferable that a stopper block is fixed to the casing so as to cover a front surface of the disk cutter in the shaft fixing portion. With this configuration, the shaft fixing portion is prevented from falling forward by the stopper block when the disk cutter is attached or detached, so that the attaching / detaching operation can be performed more easily.

Further, the key block can be fixed at the temporary fixing position when the shaft fixing portion is removed, and the key block prevents the shaft fixing portion from dropping to the front side of the disk cutter at the temporary fixing position. It is preferable that the shape of the key block and the shape of the casing are set so as to be performed. By doing so, even when the shaft fixing portion is located at a position corresponding to the gap for removing the shaft fixing portion when the disk cutter is attached or detached, the shaft fixing portion is prevented from dropping forward, and Since the shaft fixing portion is guided by the key block and the fixing bolt at the time of attachment / detachment, the attachment / detachment operation can be performed.

[0016]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, a specific embodiment of a disk cutter mounting structure according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a disk cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention mounted on a casing.
Is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1, and FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG.

In this embodiment, the disk cutter 1
A disk cutter body 3 having a ring-shaped cutter blade 2 at a central portion, and a shaft 4 that penetrates the center of the disk cutter body 3 and rotatably supports the disk cutter body 3. At both ends, shaft fixing portions 5 having a substantially trapezoidal cross section are provided. At these shaft fixing portions 5, the disk cutter 1 is inserted into the internal space of a substantially rectangular-shaped casing 6 in plan view and fixed to the casing 6. It is supposed to be.

The casing 6 is provided with a pair of holding mechanisms 7, 7 for holding and fixing the shaft fixing portions 5, 5 at both ends of the shaft 4 to the casing 6. These holding mechanisms 7, 7 on the both sides are the same mechanism, and are symmetrical with respect to the center point O in plan view of the disk cutter 1, that is, the holding mechanism 7 on the right side in FIG. The left holding mechanism 7 is disposed at a position closer to the lower side in the drawing. Hereinafter, only the holding mechanism 7 on one side (the right side in FIG. 1) will be described.

As shown in FIG. 3, the casing 6 has a left-right direction in FIG. 3 (hereinafter, unless otherwise specified, the “left-right direction” refers to the left-right direction in FIG. 3). The first supporting the shaft fixing portion 5 at the substantially central portion of the
A step portion 8 is formed, and on the left side of the first step portion 8 and on the front side in the digging direction (the upper side in FIGS.
“Front” refers to the front in the excavation direction, and “rear” refers to the rear in the excavation direction. ), A second step portion 10 for supporting a stopper block 9 described later is formed.
On the right side facing the first step portion 8, a third step portion 11 having the same height as the first step portion 8 is formed, and on the right side facing the second step portion 10. On the right side of the third step 11, a fourth step 12 having the same height as the second step 10 is formed. Further, the first step portion 8 and the third step portion
A gap portion 14 is formed between the step portion 11 and the shaft fixing portion 5 for extracting the shaft fixing portion 5 rearward in the digging direction.

A shaft fixing portion 5 is mounted on the first step portion 8, and the rear surface and the left side surface of the shaft fixing portion 5 perpendicular to each other are the rear wall surfaces of the first step portion 8. And are supported by the left wall surface (these two wall surfaces correspond to the “first support portion” in the present invention). In this support state, the surface on the right side of the shaft fixing portion 5 becomes a tapered inclined surface 5a toward the front side.

The second step portion 10 includes a stopper block 9.
Are fixed by bolts 15. The stopper block 9 is supported and fixed to the rear wall surface and the left wall surface of the second step portion 10, respectively, and in this fixed state, the stopper block 9 projects to a position that substantially covers the front side of the shaft fixing portion 5. Become. An arc-shaped notch 16 is formed on the inner wall surface of the left side of the stopper block 9 to avoid interference with the disk cutter body 3 when the disk cutter 1 rotates (see FIG. 1).

On the left side of the key block 13, an inclined surface 13a is formed which engages with the inclined surface 5a of the shaft fixing portion 5 and serves as a wedge key for holding the shaft fixing portion 5. On the right side, the front faces 13b and 13c which respectively contact the right side wall surface of the third step portion 11 and the right side wall surface of the gap portion 14 to guide the movement of the key block 13 (these are the same). The straight faces 13b and 13c correspond to the "second support portion" in the present invention.). Thus, the front face 13b, 1 of the key block 13
When the 3c is inserted along the corresponding wall surface, the inclined surface 13a is engaged with the inclined surface 5a of the shaft fixing portion 5, so that the shaft fixing portion 5 is formed by the wedge action. The shaft fixing portion 5 is supported by being pressed against the rear wall surface and the left wall surface. In this support state, the front wall surface of the key block 13 is flush with the front surface of the casing 6.

A fixing block 17 is removably provided on the rear surface of the casing 6 so as to cover the gap 14. The fixing block 17 is provided with a bolt 18 that penetrates through the fixing block 17 and the key block 13 and tightens the key block 13 rearward. The fixing block 17 is fixed to the casing 6 by another bolt 19.

Next, the disk cutter 1 in the present embodiment
Will be described with reference to FIGS. In the following description, the operation of the holding mechanism 7 on one side (the right side in FIG. 1) is performed, but the same operation is performed on the holding mechanism 7 on the other side.

When removing the disk cutter 1, first, as shown in FIG. 4, the bolts 19 fixing the fixing block 17 to the casing 6 are loosened and removed from the rear side (inside the machine).

Next, as shown in FIG. 5, the nut 20 of the bolt 18 tightening the key block 13 is loosened and removed from the inside of the machine. Thus, the fixing block 17 is set in the free state, and the fixing block 17 is detached inside the machine as shown in FIG.

Next, as shown in FIG. 7, a temporary fixing block 21 is mounted on the distal end side of the bolt 18, and the locked state of the key block 13 to the shaft fixing portion 5 of the key block 13 is released. The key block 13 is moved toward the front left, and the rear surface of the key block 13 is brought into contact with and held by the fourth step portion 12 of the casing 6. At this time, the shaft fixing portion 5 is released by releasing the lock of the key block 13, but since the front side is covered by the stopper block 9, there is no danger of falling to the front side.

Subsequently, the disk cutter 1 is moved to its center point O.
1 is rotated counterclockwise in FIG. 1 by the required angle θ, thereby releasing the support state of the shaft fixing portion 5 by the first step portion 8 and bringing the shaft fixing portion 5 close to or in contact with the bolt 18. Slide to position. Since the sliding operation is performed by rotating the disk cutter 1, it goes without saying that the sliding operations of the shaft fixing portions 5 on both sides are simultaneously performed around the center point O.

In the state where the shaft fixing portion 5 is slid, a part of the front surface of the shaft fixing portion 5 faces the rear surface of the key block 13 as shown in FIG. Because the key lock 13 covers the front side of the shaft fixing portion 5 in other words, the shaft fixing portion 5 can be prevented from dropping forward at this position.
In this way, the shaft fixing portion 5 is pulled out rearward (inside the machine) from the gap portion 14 while being guided by the side surface of the bolt 18, and the disk cutter 1 is drawn out inside the machine.

On the other hand, when a new disc cutter 1 is mounted, the shaft fixing portion 5 is inserted from the rear side along the gap portion 14 by an operation reverse to the above-mentioned extracting operation, and then the center position is set to the point O. In FIG. 1, the key block 13 and the fixing block 17 are rotated clockwise by an angle θ.
Then, the shaft fixing portion 5 may be fixed and held.

As described above, according to the disk cutter mounting structure of the present embodiment, the mounting positions of the key blocks 13, 13 with respect to the shaft fixing portions 5, 5 provided at both ends of the disk cutter 1 are at the center points. Since the disk cutter 1 is symmetrical with respect to the point O, when the disk cutter 1 is attached or detached, the disk cutter 1 can be moved to the mounting position or the detached position by rotating the disk cutter 1 around the center point O by a required angle θ. Therefore, it is not necessary to secure an extra space on the side of the disk cutter as compared with the conventional case where the disk cutter is slid in parallel, and the mounting space can be reduced and the casing can be made compact.

FIG. 9 shows a cutter head structure in this embodiment. As is apparent from this figure, according to the mounting structure of the present embodiment, the disk cutter 1 can be arranged symmetrically with respect to the casing 6,
When attaching the casing 6 to the cutter head 22,
Each spoke 23 can be symmetrical. Therefore, unlike the conventional example shown in FIG. 11, the structure does not become complicated or the problem of frame strength does not occur, the structure can be simplified, and the applicable model is not limited. . In addition, even if the cutter head is mounted on a machine that rotates forward and backward, there is an advantage that the supporting capacity of the disk cutter 1 can be made the same load condition in the forward and reverse rotations.

In the conventional structure shown in FIG. 10, the disk cutter 51 may fall forward when the disk cutter 51 is attached or detached. However, according to the mounting structure of this embodiment, the shaft is fixed. The stopper block 9 is arranged in front of the portion 5 to prevent the stopper block 9 from dropping. In addition, when the shaft fixing portion 5 is at a position corresponding to the gap portion 14, the shaft fixing portion 5 The disc cutter 1 can be guided and guided to perform the attaching / detaching operation, so that the disc cutter 1 can be reliably prevented from dropping to the front side (face side) and the attaching / detaching operation can be easily performed.

In this embodiment, the shape of the key block 13 is such that the front surface is flush with the casing 6 and the stopper block 9, but the shape of the key block 13 is If the shape is ignored, it is not always necessary to make the shape as in the present embodiment. Further, the third step portion 11 and the fourth step portion 12 provided on the casing 6 are not essential, and may have a shape in which the wall surface of the gap portion extends straight, and the shape of the key block 13 according to the shape of the casing 6 Can be determined.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a plan view showing a disk cutter according to an embodiment of the present invention mounted on a casing.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view taken along line AA of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line BB of FIG. 1;

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram (1) of a procedure for replacing a disk cutter.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram (2) of a procedure for replacing a disk cutter.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram (3) of a procedure for replacing a disk cutter.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram (4) of a procedure for replacing a disk cutter.

FIG. 8 is an explanatory diagram (5) of a procedure for replacing a disk cutter.

FIG. 9 is a diagram illustrating a cutter head structure according to the present embodiment.

FIGS. 10A, 10B, and 10C are views showing a conventional disk cutter mounting structure.

FIG. 11 is a view showing a conventional cutter head structure.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Disc cutter 3 Disc cutter main body 4 Shaft 5 Shaft fixing part 5a Inclined surface 6 Casing 7 Holding mechanism 8 First step 9 Stopper block 10 Second step 11 Third step 12 Fourth step 13 Key block 13a Inclined surface 14 Void 15, 18, 19 Bolt 17 Fixing block 20 Nut 21 Temporary fixing block 22 Cutter head 23 Spoke

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A disk cutter mounting structure for fixing a disk cutter having a shaft fixing part having a substantially trapezoidal cross section at both ends of a shaft penetrating a disk cutter body by wedge action at the shaft fixing part. (A) a key block having an inclined surface that fits from the front side of the disk cutter and comes into contact with the inclined surface of the shaft fixing portion in a wedge shape; and (b) the key block abutment of the shaft fixing portion. A first support for supporting a surface opposite to the surface and a rear surface of the disk cutter; a second support for supporting a surface of the key block opposite to the shaft fixing portion contact surface; A casing having a clearance for removing the shaft fixing portion provided between the first support portion and the second support portion; and (c) the disk in the casing. A fixing block that is detachably provided so as to cover the gap on the rear surface of the cutter,
(D) fixing bolts for penetrating the fixing block and tightening the key block toward the rear side of the disk cutter, wherein the mounting positions of the key blocks with respect to the left and right shaft fixing portions are set to the right and left of the shaft. The mounting structure of the disk cutter, characterized by being reversed. 2. The disk cutter mounting structure according to claim 1, wherein a stopper block is fixed to the casing so as to cover a front surface of the disk cutter in the shaft fixing portion. 3. The key block can be fixed at a temporary fixing position when the shaft fixing portion is removed, and the key block prevents the shaft fixing portion from dropping to the front side of the disk cutter at the temporary fixing position. 3. The disc cutter mounting structure according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the key block and the shape of the casing are set so as to be performed.