JP2000333292A - Loudspeaker and loudspeaker system - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a loudspeaker and a loudspeaker system whose directivity characteristic can optionally be selected by configuring a simple magnetic circuit the number of magnetic air gaps of which can optionally be selected. SOLUTION: A plurality of horn-like projections are formed on an outer circumference of a plate 11, the projections are used for center poles or pole pieces, magnets and yokes inversely magnetized are placed on both faces of the plates to configure a magnetic circuit, a plurality of vibration systems are placed in a rocking way in the magnetic air gap formed between the center pole or pole piece and a through-hole formed in the yokes so as to obtain the loudspeaker and the loudspeaker system with the enhanced directivity.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a loudspeaker and a loudspeaker device suitable for medium and high pitched sounds, and more particularly to a loudspeaker and a loudspeaker device having improved directional characteristics.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a magnetic circuit used for a small speaker, a magnetic shield type cancel magnet has been used.
The present applicant has developed a magnetic circuit in which the magnetic flux density of a magnetic gap portion in which a voice coil is pivotally pivoted is increased and the driving force is approximately twice as large as that of a conventional magnetic circuit using a single magnet. Has proposed.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a main part of the above-described magnetic circuit. In FIG. 8, reference numeral 1 denotes a yoke made of a substantially disk-shaped metal, which has a columnar center pole 2 at the center of the disk, is integrated with the yoke 1, and has a substantially inverted T-shaped cross section. Have been. S, N on the yoke 1 in the thickness direction
Concentric first magnet that becomes a cancellation magnet magnetized with
The magnets 3 are joined via an adhesive or the like.

[0004] A first plate 4 made of concentric metal is bonded on the first magnet 3 with an adhesive or the like, and a first concentric metal plate serving as a second main magnet is formed in the first direction in the thickness direction.
A second magnet 5 magnetized with N and S in the direction opposite to the thickness direction of the magnet 3 is bonded on the first plate 4 with an adhesive, and the second magnet 5 is formed of a concentric metal. The second plate 6 is joined with an adhesive or the like to form a magnetic circuit.

A magnetic gap 9 formed between the inner diameter of the first plate 4 and the outer diameter of the center pole 2 in such a magnetic circuit.
A voice coil 8 wound around a voice coil bobbin 7 pivotally attached to a frame or the like in a vertical direction via a diaphragm is interposed therein, and an acoustic signal is supplied to the voice coil 8 to drive the diaphragm. are doing.

[0006] According to the magnetic circuit having the above-described configuration, the N pole of the first magnet 3 passes through the magnetic gap 9 via the yoke 1 and the center pole 2 and the S plate of the first magnet 3 from the first plate 4. First magnetic flux φ flowing into the magnetic path to the pole
₁ and the second plate 6 from the N pole of the second magnet 5
And the magnetic flux φ ₂ flowing from the first plate 4 to the S pole of the second magnet 2 via the magnetic gap 9 via the center gap 2 and the magnetic gap 9 via the center pole 2. The use efficiency of the outer magnet type magnet in the magnetic gap 9 is smaller than that in the case where only about 1/3 of the total magnetomotive force of the first and second magnets 3 and 5 is used. Increases the driving force of the diaphragm by approximately 2
What can be doubled is obtained.

[0007]

The above-described conventional magnetic circuit and the speaker and the speaker device using the magnetic circuit have an external magnet type magnetic circuit configuration.
The center pole 2 cannot have a diameter larger than the inner diameter of the first and second magnets 3 and 5.
Accordingly, when a small-diameter magnet is used, a voice coil having a large diameter cannot be used, so that the magnetic flux density of the magnetic gap 9 cannot be increased, so that the driving force of the diaphragm is limited.

Further, in an external magnet type magnetic circuit, the amplitude due to the movement of the diaphragm is generally determined by the thickness of the magnet. In the case of a thin and small magnet, the amplitude of the diaphragm cannot be increased, so that a large input is applied to the speaker. In this case, the height direction of the magnetic circuit is increased, and the depth of the speaker is increased as a whole.

In addition, even if this magnet acts on the magnetic gaps of the plurality of center poles to increase the magnetic flux density in the magnetic gaps of the magnets, the outer magnet type magnetic circuit is effectively provided in the magnetic path. the magnetic gap portion to be operated to (9 in FIG. 8), the outer diameter and the second center pole 2 in the magnetic flux phi ₂
A magnetic gap was formed between the inner diameters of the plate 6 and the magnetic resistance increased, and the magnetomotive force of the two magnets could not be used effectively.

Furthermore, when selecting a directional characteristic, the directional characteristic is specified in one direction, and the directional characteristic cannot be freely selected.

The present invention is intended to solve the above-mentioned problems, and to increase the magnetic flux density of the magnetic gap 9 by using two magnets in a magnetic circuit and to make the driving force of the diaphragm about three times. It is an object of the present invention to provide a speaker and a speaker device in which a directional characteristic can be freely selected with a magnetically shielded type.

[0012]

According to the present invention, there is provided a loudspeaker having a plate having a plurality of protrusions serving as pole pieces, first and second magnets which are magnetized in opposite directions to the left and right of the plate. First and second yokes surrounding the first and second magnets on the left and right surfaces of the first and second magnets and having semi-circular holes serving as magnetic gaps facing the plurality of protrusions serving as pole pieces; And a vibration system including a plurality of voice coils in a plurality of magnetic gaps formed by a plurality of protrusions and through holes formed in the first and second yokes. They are pivoted.

A speaker device according to the present invention includes a plate having a plurality of protrusions serving as a pole piece, first and second magnets magnetized in opposite directions to the left and right of the plate,
And first and second yokes surrounding the first and second magnets on the left and right surfaces of the second magnet and having a plurality of protrusions serving as pole pieces and semicircular holes serving as magnetic gaps facing the plurality of protrusions. A vibration system including a plurality of voice coils in a plurality of magnetic gaps formed by a plurality of protrusions and through holes formed in the first and second yokes. The speaker thus constructed can be placed on the speaker box.

According to the magnetic circuit of the present invention and the loudspeaker and the loudspeaker device using the magnetic circuit, the magnetic flux of the small magnet is concentrated in the plurality of magnetic gaps, the utilization rate of the effective magnetic flux of the magnet is increased, and the magnetomotive force is increased. Not only can be increased up to about three times, but also it is not necessary to insert a center pole into the inside diameter of the magnet, so that a plurality of voice coil diameters and center pole diameters can be selected arbitrarily regardless of the inside diameter of the magnet. be able to. Further, since the thickness of the magnetic circuit can be reduced, the directional characteristics of the speaker device including the speaker and the speaker box in which the speaker is mounted can be improved.

[0015]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS One embodiment of a speaker and a speaker device according to the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an assembled state of a magnetic circuit used for the speaker of the present invention, FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing another assembled state of a magnetic circuit used for the speaker of the present invention, and FIG. 3 is a speaker of the present invention. FIG. 4 is another explanatory view of the magnetic circuit of the present invention, FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an assembled state of still another magnetic circuit used in the speaker of the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 7 is a sectional side view showing another embodiment of the speaker of the present invention, and FIG.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of a magnetic circuit of a speaker used in the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

In FIG. 1, the magnetic circuit 10 of the present embodiment has one plate 11 and two first and second magnets 1.
2a, 12b and two first and second yokes 13a, 1a
3b.

The plate 11 may be made of a substantially disk-shaped metal having high magnetic permeability, and may be, for example, a first line extending from the outer periphery of the plate 11 at 45 ° and 45 ° in a direction perpendicular to the center of the disk. And second angular projections 14a and 14b are extended, and first and second pole pieces 15a and 15b made of a disk-shaped magnetic metal serving as a center pole are spotted at the tips of the projections 14a and 14b. Secure with welding or studs.

At the center of the disk-shaped plate 11, a through hole 16 may be formed as necessary to form a concentric circle.

As shown in the side sectional view of FIG. 3A, one side surface on the front side of the plate 11 has a diameter larger than the diameter of the plate 11 and is equal to the inner diameter of the through hole 16 of the plate 11. , A concentric circle having a small inner diameter and N.I.
By joining the S and the magnetized first magnet 12a via an adhesive or the like, the N magnet on the opposite side of the first magnet is formed.
The magnetic flux leaking into the plate 11 from the pole through the inside diameter is reduced.

Next, the rear surface of the plate 11 has the same shape as that of the first magnet 12a, but is opposite to the first magnet 12b in the thickness direction. Concentric second magnetized with N
Are bonded via an adhesive.

The first and second magnets 12a and 12b are joined to both side surfaces of the plate 11, and the first and second magnets 12a and 12b are joined to the other surface of the first and second magnets 13a and 13b by an adhesive. To join.

The first and second yokes 13a and 13b are pressed with a metal having high magnetic permeability in the shape of a bottomed cylinder, and are respectively 45 ° and 45 ° from the vertical lines formed at the center of the bottom of the bottomed cylindrical shape.
The semicircular through-holes 17a and 17b, and 17c and 17d are formed at the position of the cylindrical wall crossing the radiation direction of.
The semicircular through holes 17a and 17b and 17c and 17
d is an annular shape when the first and second yokes 13a and 13b are overlapped, and the diameter of the through-hole formed by overlapping the first and second yokes 13a and 13b is the first and second holes formed on the plate 11.
Are slightly larger than the diameters of the pole pieces 15a and 15b.

Further, the first and second yokes 13a, 13a
3b into semicircular through holes 17a and 17b and 17c and 1
The distance between the insides of the respective bottomed portions when 7d are joined so as to form a perfect circle is the first and second magnets 12a,
The thickness is selected to be equal to the sum of the thickness of the plate 12b and the thickness of the plate 11.

First and second magnets 12a and 12a
b and the plate 11 are integrated into the magnetic circuit
When the yokes 13a and 13b are joined, a gap guide is inserted into the first and second pole pieces 15a and 15b, and the first and second pole pieces 15a and 15b are inserted.
b and semicircular through-holes 17a and 1 formed when the first and second yokes 13a and 13b are joined to each other.
7c, and first and second magnetic gaps 18a and 18 formed between the inner diameters of the circles formed by 17b and 17d.
b (see FIG. 3 (A)) is assembled at predetermined intervals.

FIG. 3A is a sectional side view of the magnetic circuit assembled as described above, which is cut from the near side of the plate 11. The first and second magnetic gaps 18a and 18b are shown in FIG. The voice coil bobbin and the dome-shaped first and second cones 19a and 19b are integrated with each other, and a vibration system in which the first and second voice coils 20a and 20b are wound is connected via a concentric edge 21 and a gasket 22. The first and second yokes 13a and 13b are pivotally connected to the first and second yokes 13a and 13b so as to be able to swing up and down, thereby forming an intermediate or treble speaker 23.

FIGS. 2 and 3B show a magnetic circuit and a speaker showing another configuration of this embodiment. 1 and 3
Parts corresponding to the magnetic circuit and the speaker described in (A) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description will be omitted below.

In the magnetic circuit 10 shown in FIG.
1a and 11b, two magnets 12a and 12b, and a pair of yokes 13a 'and 13b'.

First, the first and second plates 11a and 11b are formed on first and second substantially concentric metal plate members by forming first and second angular projections 24a, 24c and 24b, 2b.
4d is formed integrally with the concentric portion.

The first and second protruding portions 24a, 24c and 24b, 24d are provided so that the first and second plates 11a and 11d are substantially parallel to a vertical line set at the center of the concentric circle.
b.

Further, the first and second projections 24a, 24c
And 24b, 24d are press-formed so as to curl in a semicircular shape inward. The first protrusion 24a of the first plate 11a and the first protrusion 24 of the second plate 11b
c and the second protruding portion 24b of the first plate 11a and the second protruding portion 24d of the second plate 11b are formed such that concentric inner surfaces thereof are joined to each other by spot welding or an adhesive. Are the first protrusions 24a, 24c and the second
When viewed from above when the projections 24b and 24d are brought into contact with each other, the projections 24b and 24d are formed in an annular shape, and a cylindrical projection is formed.

Such a cylindrical protruding portion serves as a center pole portion. If necessary, a core member 25 made of a columnar magnetic material having a high magnetic permeability is connected to the cylindrical protruding portions 24a to 24a.
By inserting and fixing in the 4d, the magnetic flux density of the magnetic flux passing through the center pole can be increased.

The first and second yokes 13a ', 1 of this embodiment
3b 'is press-formed in a substantially box shape with a metal having high magnetic permeability,
The first and second cylindrical protrusions 24a, 24c and 2 are provided on the top plates of the box-like first and second yokes 13a 'and 13b'.
4b and 24d are inserted, and semicircular through holes 17a, 17b, 17c and 17d for forming the first and second magnetic gaps 18a and 18b are formed as shown in FIG. 3B.

FIG. 3B shows the assembly of the magnetic circuit of FIG.
FIG. 3 shows a side sectional view of a speaker similar to FIG. 2A in which two vibration systems are incorporated.

FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C are plan views showing another magnetic circuit of this embodiment, a cross-sectional view taken along the line BB of FIG. 4A, and a line CC of FIG. 4B. It is a sectional arrow view.

In FIGS. 4A, 4B, and 4C, the difference between the magnetic circuit 10 and the speaker 23 described in FIGS. The size of the first and second cones is changed by changing the diameter of the second pole pieces 15a and 15b, and the depth dimension of the first and second yokes 13a 'and 13b' is made asymmetric. By forming a yoke with a carp at the rear, the butted portion 25 of the first and second yokes 13a 'and 13b' is located on a line connecting the center positions of the first and second pole pieces 15a. The magnetic circuit is configured to be easily assembled.

That is, when assembling the magnetic circuit 10, the plate 1
The first magnet 12a is joined to one surface of the first magnet 12a, and the other surface of the first magnet 12a is inserted into the semicircular through holes 17a and 17b so as to have a predetermined gap width. To the inner surface of the first yoke 13a '.

Next, an adhesive is applied to the other surface of the second magnet 12b, and when joining the second yoke 13b ', semicircular through holes 17c and 17d and 17a and 17d are formed.
The first and second annular magnetic gap portions 18a and 18b can be set to a predetermined gap width by adjusting the annular gap guide 12 inserted into the first and second magnetic gap portions 12 so as to have a predetermined gap width.

FIGS. 5 and 6 show still another magnetic circuit and speaker according to the present invention.

The magnetic circuit and the speaker shown in FIGS.
3B is a further improvement of the magnetic circuit 10 and the speaker 23 of FIG. 3B. The speaker and the speaker are provided by a magnetic circuit capable of radiating medium and high frequencies in four directions by two magnets, two plates, and a pair of yokes. To get the device.

5 and FIG. 6, parts corresponding to those in FIG. 2 and FIG. 3 (B) are denoted by the same reference numerals, and redundant description is omitted.

In FIG. 5 and FIG. 6, the first plate 11a and the second plate 11b are formed substantially concentrically and are curled inward to form substantially semicircular first to fourth projections 24e, 24e.
f, 24g, 24h and 24k, 24l, 24m, 24
n is concentric first and second plates 11a and 11b
Is formed so as to protrude from the outer periphery of a concentric plate in a cross shape at an angle of 90 ° from the center of the first and second plates 11a and 11b and overlap and join to form a semi-circular portion having a circular shape. Projection portions 24e and 2 serving as annular center pole portions
4k, 24f and 24l, 24g and 24m, 24h and 24
n is semicircular through holes 17c and 17g, 17d and 17h, 17e formed in the first and second yokes 13a 'and 13b'.
And 17i, 17f and 17j, and are inserted into the annular through-holes formed by the first to fourth magnetic gaps 18c to 18f.
Inside the first to fourth voice coil bobbins 26a to 26d
1 to 1 including the voice coils 27a to 27d wound around
Fourth dome-shaped cones 19c to 19f are swingably pivotally mounted on the first and second yokes via the edge 21 and the gasket 22.

According to the speaker 23 shown in FIG. 6, the first to fourth voice coils 26a to 26d including the vibrating system can be moved in four directions indicated by the arrow D, so that the treble has directivity in four directions. Speakers can be easily created.

Various placements of the loudspeaker device in the case where the middle / treble speaker 23 or the treble speaker 23 constructed as described above incorporates the bass speaker 32 and is placed on the top plate 33 of the phase inversion type speaker box 30. The method is shown in FIG. The speaker denoted by reference numeral 23A shows a case where the speaker described with reference to FIGS. 3A, 3B and 4 is mounted vertically, and 23B denotes a top plate 33.
It shows the case where it is placed horizontally on top. In the case of a round shape, the mounting table 34 is required when the speaker 23B is placed vertically, and the speaker 23B that emits light in four directions in FIG.

According to the loudspeaker and the loudspeaker device using the magnetic circuit of the present invention, the plate and the yoke are joined to both surfaces of the magnet, magnetized in the same direction, and subassembled.
A magnetic circuit for a speaker is completed by joining two magnetic circuits with their plates facing each other and joining them, so that a magnetic circuit and a speaker excellent in mass productivity can be obtained.

Further, since the thickness of the entire magnetic circuit can be reduced, it is possible to widen its use.

Further, since the magnetic force of the magnet is concentrated in the magnetic gap corresponding to one piece and the magnet is magnetized in the opposite direction across the plate, the magnetic leakage of the magnetic circuit is extremely small, and The magnetic force becomes almost 3 and becomes very strong, and there is no need to create a magnetic gap by inserting a center pole part into the inside diameter of the magnet, so it can be made any size regardless of the inside diameter opening of the magnet. . or,
Since the length of the center pole portion can be set irrespective of the thickness of the magnet, the amplitude of the diaphragm can be increased, so that the allowable input of the small speaker can be increased.
Further, since a plurality of vibration systems can be easily formed in one magnetic circuit, the directional characteristics of the speaker can be arbitrarily selected, so that practical applications can be greatly expanded.

[0049]

According to the present invention, the configuration of the magnetic circuit is extremely simple, but (1) a plurality of magnetic gaps can be formed. (2) The magnetic circuit is easy to assemble and excellent in mass productivity. (3) The magnetic flux density of the magnetic gap is increased, and the magnetic gap can be configured to be thin. (4) An arbitrary number of magnetic gaps can be designed according to the purpose of use, and the directivity can be freely selected. (5) The voice coil diameter can be set arbitrarily and the amplitude can be increased. (6) The present invention can be used for a magnetic circuit for dynamic or electromagnetic induction type electroacoustic conversion or acoustoelectric conversion, a speaker, a speaker device, a microphone, and the like. And so on.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an assembled state of a magnetic circuit used for a speaker of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an assembled state of another magnetic circuit used for the speaker of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a side sectional view showing one embodiment of the speaker of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram of another magnetic circuit of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing an assembled state of still another magnetic circuit used for the speaker of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is another sectional side view showing one embodiment of another speaker of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory view of mounting a speaker unit of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a side sectional view of a conventional magnetic circuit.

[Explanation of symbols]

10 ° magnetic circuit, 11 ° plate, 12a, 12b
{First and second magnets 13a, 13a ', 1}
3b, 13b '{first and second yokes, 14a, 1
4b {first and second protrusions, 15a, 15b} first and second pole pieces, 23} speaker

Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Ikuo Shinohara 6-7-35 Kita-Shinagawa, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo F-term in Sony Corporation (reference) 5D012 BB04 BD04 CA01

Claims (5)

[Claims] A plate having a plurality of projections serving as a pole piece; first and second magnets magnetized in opposite directions to the left and right of the plate; and left and right surfaces of the first and second magnets And a first and second yoke having a semicircular hole that forms a magnetic gap and surrounds the first and second magnets and faces the plurality of protrusions that form the pole pieces. A vibration system including a plurality of voice coils is swingably pivoted in a plurality of magnetic gaps formed by the plurality of protrusions and through holes formed in the first and second yokes. A speaker characterized by the above-mentioned. 2. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, wherein a pole piece serving as a disk-shaped center pole portion is fixed on said projecting portion formed on said plate. 3. The protruding portion formed on the plate is formed integrally with the plate, and the protruding portion is formed by laminating and integrating two plates having a curled semicircular shape. The speaker according to claim 1, wherein the speaker has a cylindrical shape. 4. The loudspeaker according to claim 1, wherein the plurality of protrusions formed on the plate have different diameters. 5. A plate having a plurality of protrusions serving as pole piece portions, first and second magnets magnetized in opposite directions to the left and right of the plate, and left and right surfaces of the first and second magnets. And a first and second yoke having a semicircular hole that forms a magnetic gap and surrounds the first and second magnets and faces the plurality of protrusions that form the pole pieces. A speaker having a vibration system including a plurality of voice coils pivotably connected to a plurality of magnetic gaps formed by the plurality of protrusions and the through holes formed in the first and second yokes; Characterized in that it can be placed on a speaker box.