JP2000328151A - Waste disposing device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To considerably simplify the working process to collect valuable metals from wastes by providing a cupola to melt charged wastes and recover molten iron, and at least one heating furnace in which the wastes are charged in advance to the cupola and the wastes are heated at the temperature: lower than the melting point of the molten iron. SOLUTION: A waste treatment device 1 comprises a cupola 10 in which wastes are charged, and a heating furnace 20 in which the wastes are charged in advance thereto. The cupola is provided with a hot air generator, a gas cooling tower, a dust collector, an exhaust gas treatment device, or the like as accessory devices. The heating furnace 20 is provided with a conveyor C1 to carry and throw the wastes thereinto, and an elevating conveyor C2 to carry and throw the wastes into the cupola. The temperature in the cupola is set around 2000 deg.C to collect molten iron from the wastes, and the temperature in the heating furnace 20 is set around 800 deg.C to preheat the wastes thrown into the cupola and to collect valuable metals lower in melting point than the molten iron.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste disposal apparatus for recovering useful metals by melting waste.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For industrial wastes containing a large amount of metal materials, such as discarded automobiles and home electric appliances, the effective use of resources is achieved by collecting and reusing useful metals. I have. Here, when recovering useful metals from end-of-life vehicles, first strip off useful parts from end-of-life vehicles, press them to make them easier to transport, and then put them into a crusher to finely cut and sort metals. After that, by repeating the cutting and sorting, useful metals such as iron, aluminum, and copper are collected.

[0003]

However, in the method for recovering effective metals as described above, since the cutting and sorting of waste are repeated, many complicated steps are required and the processing takes a long time. there were. Furthermore, shredder dust that cannot be completely cut, such as wiring and springs,
Separation must be performed manually by a worker, which further complicates the process, which not only requires a large amount of time for processing, but also increases the processing cost. The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and has as its object to provide a waste treatment apparatus capable of greatly simplifying an operation process for recovering useful metals from waste.

[0004]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste treatment apparatus, comprising: a cupola for melting and processing molten waste to recover molten iron; And at least one heating furnace for heating the waste at a temperature lower than the melting point of the molten iron. According to the above configuration, the useful metal is recovered by melting and processing the waste using the heating furnace and the cupola without repeating the cutting and sorting of the waste, in other words, with the minimum cutting (cutting). be able to. Thus, according to the waste treatment apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention, it is possible to greatly simplify the operation process when recovering useful metals from waste.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste treatment apparatus according to the first aspect, wherein waste is charged into a heating furnace to recover a metal having a lower melting point than molten iron, The system is configured so that the collected waste of low metal is put into a cupola to collect molten iron. According to the above configuration, it is possible to collect useful metal having a lower melting point than molten iron, such as aluminum, for example, in addition to molten iron, which is a useful metal.

[0006]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS The present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings showing embodiments. As shown in FIG. 1, a waste treatment apparatus 1 according to the present invention includes a cupola 10 into which waste is charged, and a heating furnace 20 into which waste is charged prior to the cupola 10.

[0007] The cupola 10 is provided with an attached device such as a hot air generator, a gas cooling tower, a dust collector, an exhaust gas treatment device, and an evaporative zinc recovery device.

Further, the waste treatment apparatus 1 includes a heating furnace 20.
A conveyor C1 is provided for transporting and putting waste into the oven, and an elevating conveyor C2 for transporting and putting waste into the cupola 10 from the heating furnace 20.

The above-mentioned cuvola 10 has a furnace temperature of about 2000 ° C. for the purpose of recovering molten iron such as cast iron from waste.

[0010] On the other hand, the heating furnace 20 is heated at a temperature inside the furnace for the purpose of recovering residual heat to waste put into the cuvola 10 or useful metals having a melting point lower than that of molten iron.
It is set around 800 ° C. Further, the heating furnace 20
Is configured to be able to arbitrarily raise and lower its furnace temperature in order to enable recovery of a plurality of types of useful metals having different melting points.

The heating furnace 20 can be constituted by an appropriate type of furnace such as an electric furnace or a gas furnace. Further, a part of the furnace heat in the cupola 10 is supplied to the heating furnace 20 in order to effectively use the heat energy. Further, the heating furnace 20 may use only the furnace heat from the cupola 10 as a heat source.

In the case where the waste disposal apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration is used to dispose of a waste vehicle as industrial waste, that is, when recovering useful metals from the waste vehicle, FIG.
First, as shown in step 1, various useful parts are stripped from the end-of-life vehicle.

[0013] At this time, it is preferable that useful parts are stripped from the scrapped vehicle until a small number of parts are attached to the body of the automobile.

Next, the scrap car from which the useful parts have been stripped is compressed and cut as shown in step 2 in FIG. At this time, when the waste vehicle is large, it is preferable to compress the waste vehicle, for example, after dividing the waste vehicle into three parts.

After that, the compressed and cut waste car is
As shown in step 3 in FIG. (Step 3) Here, by putting the waste vehicle into the waste treatment apparatus 1, useful metals are recovered from the waste vehicle as described in detail below.

That is, in step 2 in FIG.
As shown by the arrow H1 in FIG.
The waste is fed into the heating furnace 20 of the waste treatment apparatus 1 via the conveyor C1 (see FIG. 1).

In the heating furnace 20, first, lead and aluminum having a low melting point are melted and recovered from a waste vehicle. (Arrow A) At this time, the furnace temperature of the heating furnace 20 is set to a temperature slightly higher than the melting points of lead and aluminum. Thereafter, by raising the temperature inside the heating furnace 20 above the melting point of copper, copper is recovered from the end-of-life vehicle. (Arrow B)

As described above, the waste vehicle from which lead, aluminum and copper have been recovered is removed from the heating furnace 20 via the elevator conveyor C2 (see FIG. 1) by the cupola 10 as shown by the arrow H2 in FIG. To

In the cupola 10, the scrap car is melted to collect molten iron such as cast iron. (Arrow C) This cast iron is reused as a raw material for cast iron and cast steel and as an iron ingot.

Further, carbides such as resins and fibers, ash, glass and the like are separated and recovered together with the molten iron as sludge. (Arrow D) The sludge is reused as various types of aggregate.

In the cupola 10, the exhaust gas generated when resins and fibers other than metals are burned is decomposed by a gas processing device (not shown). At this time, by adding a cooling step in the middle of the exhaust gas treatment, evaporates such as zinc are recovered. (Arrow E)

On the other hand, the exhaust gas generated in the heating furnace 20 is also sent to the cupola 10 and then decomposed by the above-described gas processing apparatus (not shown). Further, it is generated inside the cupola 10 or the heating furnace 20.
Dioxin and the like in the exhaust gas sent from the furnace are completely decomposed by the high furnace temperature of the cupola 10 (about 2000 ° C.).

Further, the emission of dioxins and the like is controlled by auxiliary equipment such as an exhaust gas purifying device and a gas rapid cooling device (not shown).

According to the waste treatment apparatus 1 described above, in the heating furnace 20 and the cupola 10, lead,
The useful metals such as aluminum, copper, and molten iron are recovered, and the wastes from which the useful metals are recovered are all burned, gasified, and turned into sludge. Will not occur.

That is, according to the waste treatment apparatus 1 according to the present invention, the heating furnace 20 and the cupola can be used without repeatedly performing cutting and sorting of the waste and without necessitating the processing of the shredder dust. Using 10,
By melting the waste, the useful metal can be recovered, and the operation process for recovering the useful metal from the waste can be greatly simplified as compared with the related art.

Further, since the cupola 10 constituting the waste treatment apparatus 1 can also use vinyl chloride, resin or the like as a fuel, the operation cost (fuel cost) can be reduced, and the waste material can be further reduced. Exhaust gas heat from the processing apparatus 1 can be effectively used as a heat source in a water heating facility or a power generation facility.

On the other hand, in step 2 in FIG. 2, when the useful parts are peeled off from the scrapped vehicle and almost only the body of the car is scrapped, the scrapped vehicle (waste) is mostly composed of an iron material, Is extremely small.

As described above, when the content of useful metals other than iron, such as aluminum and copper, is small, or by adding scrap iron to end-of-life vehicles, the content (% by weight) of useful metals other than iron can be diluted. In this case, it is not necessary to recover useful metals other than iron.

Therefore, in such a case, the heating furnace 20 in the waste treatment apparatus 1 is used as a preheating furnace, and the waste car is melt-processed in the cupola 10 to recover molten iron such as cast iron.

That is, the scrap car whose peeled molten parts were stripped off in step 1 in FIG. 2 and which were compressed and cut in step 2 in FIG. 2 was supplied to the heating furnace of the waste treatment apparatus 1 as shown by an arrow H1 in FIG. 20 and is preheated in the heating furnace 20.

The waste vehicle preheated in the heating furnace 20 is put into the cupola 10 from the heating furnace 20, and
The molten iron in the cupola 10 recovers molten iron such as cast iron.

[0032] Carbides such as resins and fibers, ash, glass and the like are separated and recovered together with the molten iron as sludge. Exhaust gas generated when resins and fibers other than metals are burned is decomposed by a gas treatment device (not shown). Further, by adding a cooling step during the exhaust gas treatment, evaporates such as zinc are recovered.

The waste treatment apparatus 1 'shown in FIGS. 4 and 5 includes a first heating furnace 2 together with a cupola 10'.
1 'and a second heating furnace 22'. The temperature in the furnace of the above-mentioned cuvola 10 'is set to about 2000 ° C. for the purpose of recovering molten iron such as cast iron from waste.

On the other hand, the first heating furnace 21 'and the second heating furnace 22' are for recovering residual heat to the waste put into the cuvola 10 'or useful metals having a lower melting point than molten iron. There is a furnace temperature of the first heating furnace 21 ′
The temperature is set lower than the furnace temperature of the second heating furnace 22 '.

The waste treatment apparatus 1 'also includes a conveyor C1' for charging waste into the first heating furnace 21 ', and charging waste from the first heating furnace 21' to the second heating furnace 22 '. And a lifting conveyor C3 'for conveying waste from the second heating furnace 22' to the cupola 10 '.

When recovering useful metals from waste vehicles by the above-mentioned waste treatment apparatus 1 ', first, useful parts are stripped from the waste vehicles (step 1 in FIG. 2), and then the waste vehicles are compressed and cut. (Step 2 in FIG. 2) Then, the waste vehicle is put into the waste treatment apparatus 1 (Step 3 in FIG. 2).

Here, the waste car compressed and cut is put into a first heating furnace 21 'in the waste treatment apparatus 1 via a conveyor C1' as shown by an arrow H1 ', and lead and aluminum are melted. Processed and collected. (Arrow A ') The furnace temperature of the first heating furnace 21' is set to a temperature slightly higher than the melting points of lead and aluminum.

As described above, the end-of-life vehicle from which lead and aluminum have been recovered is placed on the conveyor C as indicated by the arrow H2 '.
It is fed into the second heating furnace 22 'via 2', and copper is melted and recovered. (Arrow B ') The furnace temperature of the second heating furnace 22' is set to a temperature slightly higher than the melting point of copper.

As described above, the waste vehicle from which lead, aluminum and copper have been recovered is removed from the second heating furnace 2 via the elevator conveyor C3 'as shown by the arrow H3'.
From 2 ', it is thrown into the cupola 10', and the end-of-life vehicle is subjected to a melting treatment to recover molten iron such as cast iron. (Arrow C ')

Incidentally, carbides such as resins and fibers, ash, glass and the like are separated and recovered together with the molten iron as sludge. (Arrow D ') Further, the exhaust gas generated when the resin or fiber other than the metal is burned is decomposed by a gas treatment device (not shown), and the evaporated gas such as zinc is recovered from the exhaust gas. Done. (Arrow E ')

On the other hand, most of the waste automobile (waste) is made of iron material, and when the content of useful metals other than iron, such as aluminum and copper, is small, the first heating in the waste treatment apparatus 1 'is performed. The furnace 21 'and the second heating furnace 22' are used as preheating furnaces, and molten iron such as cast iron is recovered by melting a waste car in the cupola 10 '.

It goes without saying that the waste disposal apparatus 1 'having the above-described configuration has the same operation and effect as those of the waste disposal apparatus 1 shown in FIGS.

In each of the embodiments described above, the heating furnace and the cupola that constitute the waste treatment apparatus are installed independently of each other. However, the above-mentioned cupola and the heating furnace can be integrally formed. Needless to say.

Further, in each of the above-described embodiments, an example has been shown in which the waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention is used to treat an automobile waste, which is industrial waste. It goes without saying that not only automobiles but also industrial waste such as home appliances are to be treated.

Further, in each of the embodiments in which the waste vehicle is treated, the waste vehicle is compressed and cut in step 2 of FIG. 2 in order to reduce the bulk of the waste put into the waste treatment apparatus. However, when processing home appliances such as refrigerators, for example, it is also possible to put the waste into a waste treatment device without compressing and cutting.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view showing a waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a flowchart showing the processing steps of a waste vehicle using the waste processing apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram showing a flow of waste in the waste treatment apparatus shown in FIG.

FIG. 4 is an overall side view showing another embodiment of the waste disposal apparatus according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a conceptual diagram showing the flow of waste in the waste treatment apparatus shown in FIG.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Waste treatment apparatus, 10 ... Cubora, 20 ... Heating furnace, 1 '... Waste treatment apparatus, 10' ... Cubora, 21 '... 1st heating furnace, 22' ... 2nd heating furnace.

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A waste disposal apparatus for recovering useful metals by melting and processing wastes, comprising: a cupola for recovering molten iron by melting and processing input waste; and disposing prior to the cupola. Waste treatment equipment, characterized by comprising: at least one heating furnace into which an object is charged and heating the waste at a temperature lower than the melting point of the molten iron. 2. A waste is charged into the heating furnace to recover a metal having a lower melting point than the molten iron, and then the recovered waste having the metal having a lower melting point is charged into the cupola to recover the molten iron. The waste disposal apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the waste disposal apparatus is configured as described above.