JP2000327830A - Horizontal drum rotary waste plastic thermal decomposition furnace and thermal decomposition method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To thermally decompose waste plastics having poor heat conduction (particularly, a waste FRP) at a thermally decomposable low constant temperature with reduced degradation of non-decomposed components (glass fibers and the like) and thermally decomposed products to effect separation and fractional distillation and to recycle the resulting products. SOLUTION: Waste plastic fragments are placed in a horizontal cylinder 2 and while controlling the rotation of the cylinder, the waste plastic fragments are vibrated by utilizing the variation of centrifugal force and gravity per each rotation (e.g. the waste FRP fragments rotating at 60 revolutions per minute with a rotational radius of 25 cm being repeatedly in the gravity-free state in the upper part and susceptible to twice the gravity in the lower part), and heated gas 11 having reached the thermal decomposition temperature is injected from a hollow shaft 1 of the cylinder 2 to increase the heat conduction with the waste plastic fragments, and thermal decomposition is carried out at a possible lowest temperature by adjusting the type, the chemical properties, the temperature and the amount to be injected of the heated gas, and non-decomposed components (glass fibers and the like) and gasified components and the like 11a are subject to separation and fractional distillation.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a pyrolysis furnace for waste plastics having poor heat conduction and a method for pyrolyzing waste plastics in recycling composite waste plastics (hereinafter abbreviated as waste plastics). In particular, the present invention is required to recycle waste FRP, which is currently a problem, and can be used in this field.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, a rotary kiln furnace for thermally decomposing waste plastics and the like are known, and waste plastics are thermally decomposed using a rotary kiln furnace and the like.

[0003]

However, when the waste plastic is pyrolyzed in a rotary kiln furnace or the like that pyrolyzes the waste plastic, the residual core material of the non-decomposed components such as glass fiber constituting the waste plastic is rotated, and thus the cotton is formed. And the inside of the furnace was closed, reducing the capacity of the furnace. Also, since the residual core material is swollen and taken out in a cotton-like manner, it must be shaped when reused, which is an obstacle to reuse. Further, since the temperature in the furnace is not uniform, it has to be processed at a high temperature, and the strength of the remaining core material is deteriorated, which hinders reuse.

The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and has been made in order to solve the problems. An object of the present invention is to provide non-decomposed components (residual core material) in the thermal decomposition of waste plastics. Take it out as it is, separate it in a state that is easy to reuse, and also decompose waste plastic with poor heat conduction at a temperature as close to the pyrolysis temperature as possible to prevent the strength of the residual core material from deteriorating. Thermal decomposition of horizontal cylindrical rotary waste plastic that stabilizes the properties of the pyrolysis products, cools and fractionates the gasification components of the pyrolysis products at their respective condensation temperatures, and recycles them together with the liquid components of the pyrolysis products An object of the present invention is to provide a furnace and a pyrolysis method.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a horizontal cylindrical rotary waste plastic pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1 is coaxial with a horizontally long hollow shaft having a hole in the outer periphery. A cylinder arranged at one end with a hole on the outer periphery is openable and closable, and the other end is closed, and an opening portion that contains the cylinder and partially discharges a pyrolysis product or a heated gas is openable at one end. It comprises a furnace, a heating gas supply source connected to the hollow shaft, and a power source for rotating the hollow shaft and the cylinder.

[0008] According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided a horizontal cylindrical rotary type waste plastic pyrolysis furnace having a vent hole on a side peripheral surface and a horizontally long hollow shaft, which is coaxially provided with a vent hole on a side peripheral surface. A cylinder which is closed at both ends and is filled with an appropriate amount of waste plastic pieces and is partially openable and closable, and an opening through which the hollow shaft and the cylinder are horizontally disposed to partially discharge a pyrolysis product or a heated gas A furnace that has a part and can be partially opened and closed, a heating gas supply source that communicates with the inside of the cylinder via the hollow shaft, and a power source that rotates the hollow shaft and the cylinder around a horizontal axis. It consists of means to be done.

According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for thermally decomposing a waste plastic in a horizontal cylinder, wherein the waste plastic is packed in the cylinder, and the waste plastic is rotated while supplying a heating gas to thereby utilize the fluctuation of centrifugal force and gravity. Means for improving the heat transfer between the waste plastic pieces and the heating gas to stabilize the properties of the pyrolysis products and take them out.

Further, in the method for pyrolyzing waste plastic rotating in a horizontal cylinder according to claim 11, a waste container is filled with a waste plastic piece in a rotary container contained in a furnace, and the waste plastic piece falls freely around a horizontal axis. Adjust the rotation so that it does not
It comprises means for vibrating by utilizing the fluctuations of centrifugal force and gravity to improve heat transfer with a heating medium such as a heating gas or a pyrolysis product to perform pyrolysis.

According to a fifteenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a method for thermally decomposing waste plastic in a horizontal cylinder, wherein a rotating container placed horizontally in a furnace is filled with an appropriate amount of waste plastic pieces and heated while rotating about a horizontal axis. At the same time as supplying gas, the rotating container is rotated at a low speed in the initial stage of rotation, and the waste plastic pieces in the container are allowed to fall freely to allow the heated gas to permeate the entire waste plastic pieces in the container evenly, and pyrolysis is performed. After reaching the temperature, increase the rotation of the rotating container so that the waste plastic pieces do not fall freely, and attach the waste plastic pieces to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating container by the centrifugal force to prevent the waste plastic pieces from rotating on their own, Using the fluctuation of centrifugal force and gravity, the waste plastic piece attached to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating container is internally vibrated to improve the heat transfer with the heating medium such as heating gas and pyrolysis products and pyrolysis It is made of than that means.

That is, the present invention provides a horizontally long hollow shaft having a hole in the outer periphery, a cylinder coaxially arranged, having a hole in the outer periphery, one end of which can be opened and closed, and the other end closed, and the above-mentioned cylinder being enclosed therein. A furnace having an opening and closing part for taking in and out the cylinder, and a furnace provided with an opening partly for discharging the heating gas and the pyrolysis products, a heating gas supply source connected to the hollow shaft, the hollow shaft and the cylinder; And a power source for rotating the waste plastic, and a pyrolysis furnace and a pyrolysis method for a horizontal cylindrical rotary waste plastic, which is suitable for recycling waste plastic, particularly waste FRP.

In the thus constructed pyrolysis furnace, the openable and closable side of the cylinder is opened and filled with waste plastic pieces, then closed, the opening and closing part of the furnace is closed, and the hollow shaft and the cylinder are rotated by a power source. While applying the change of centrifugal force and gravity to the waste plastic piece, the heating gas which has reached the thermal decomposition temperature is continuously supplied from the heating gas supply source to the hollow shaft. The heating gas generates a flow from the center of the cylinder in the circumferential direction through the hole in the hollow shaft, heats the waste plastic pieces, thermally decomposes them, and discharges them from the opening of the furnace through the holes in the outer periphery of the cylinder. . In this way,
The waste plastic pieces are separated into non-decomposed components (residual core material) and gasification components and liquid components which are pyrolysis products.

At the same time, the revolving speed of the cylinder is adjusted to apply centrifugal force to the waste plastic pieces more than the gravitational force, thereby preventing falling by gravity and separating the residual core material in almost the same shape. In addition, by rotating the cylinder, the fluctuation of the centrifugal force and the gravity and the elasticity of the waste plastic piece are synergistically oscillated, and the heating gas is evenly penetrated between the waste plastic pieces to improve the heat transfer, thereby improving the waste plastic piece. , And thermally decomposes efficiently at the lowest possible temperature.

[0013] The heating gas and the pyrolysis products are discharged into the furnace through holes in the outer peripheral portion of the cylinder, and are discharged through some openings of the furnace. A pipe is provided at an opening in a part of the furnace to separate a liquid component of a pyrolysis product, and a gasification component and a heating gas of the pyrolysis product are sent to a cooling device to separate the gasification component. It is cooled and fractionated at the condensation temperature and recycled. On the other hand, the non-decomposed component (residual core material) is opened and closed in the furnace, the openable portion of the cylinder is opened, taken out of the cylinder and reused.

Further, by providing guide vanes on the outer periphery of the cylinder, the pyrolysis products discharged from the outer peripheral hole of the cylinder are forced to flow and rotate in the furnace, so that heat exchange between the furnace and the cylinder is performed. And the temperature between the furnace and the cylinder is made uniform, so that the pyrolysis products can be efficiently collected. Furthermore, by arranging a plurality of partition plates in the cylinder radially at equal intervals, the cylinder can be reinforced, the cylinder can be uniformly filled with waste plastic pieces, and the bias during rotation start can be limited. As a result, the heating gas applied to the waste plastic pieces is made uniform, and the thermal decomposition of the waste plastic pieces is made more efficient.

By irradiating the inside of the cylinder with an electromagnetic wave of an appropriate frequency, the heating gas or the pyrolysis product is vibrated to generate thermal energy, and the waste plastic piece can be heated and pyrolyzed.

Further, by providing a spring having an appropriate elasticity at an appropriate position inside the cylinder, it is possible to forcibly vibrate the waste plastic piece, and it is possible to correct the non-uniformity of the thermal decomposition due to the portion in the cylinder. . Further, the number of revolutions per minute of the cylinder is increased to increase the number of internal vibrations per minute of the waste plastic piece, thereby making the thermal decomposition more efficient.

Further, the amount of heat required for the thermal decomposition of the waste plastic pieces can be adjusted by adjusting the temperature and the flow rate of the heating gas, whereby the decomposition rate of the thermal decomposition can be adjusted.

Further, when harmful substances may be generated in the thermal decomposition product of the waste plastic pieces, the type and chemical properties of the heating gas are changed and supplied to adjust the properties of the thermal decomposition product. It is possible to do.

[0019]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 shows Embodiment 1 of the present invention.
FIG. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a cylindrical hollow shaft having a plurality of holes 1a formed on the outer periphery, and a cylinder 2 as a rotating container having a plurality of holes 2a formed on the outer periphery is attached to the outer periphery of the hollow shaft 1. ing. The cylinder 2 is arranged concentrically with the hollow shaft 1. The hollow shaft 1 and the cylinder 2 are mounted so as to rotate around a horizontal axis. The front plate 2b at one end of the cylinder 2 is removable. 2c is a rear plate fixed to the other end of the cylinder 2. 3 is a furnace containing the cylinder 2, 3a is a closed hatch mechanism at the front wall of the furnace 3,
It slides in the direction of the arrow in the figure. Reference numeral 3b denotes a rear wall of the furnace 3, and a heating gas supply pipe 5 communicating with a heating gas supply source 4 is provided on the rear wall 3b, and a part of the furnace 3 is discharged from a hole 2a of the cylinder 2. An outlet 3c for discharging the pyrolysis products to be heated and the heated gas is provided. The heating gas supply pipe 5 communicates with the hollow portion of the hollow shaft 1 via the hollow rotary shaft 6. Reference numeral 7 denotes a rotating shaft that penetrates the front wall 3a and is connected to a rotating power 8. Reference numeral 9 denotes a detachable bearing provided between the cylinder 2 and the rotary drive shaft 10.

In the embodiment configured as described above,
Remove the front wall 3a of the hatch mechanism and the detachable bearing 9 to remove the cylinder 2
Is taken out of the furnace 3. The front plate 2b of the cylinder 2 taken out is removed, and a waste FRP piece is filled in an appropriate amount, and the front plate 2b is closed. Next, the cylinder 2 is placed in the furnace 3, the detachable bearing 9 is fitted in the furnace 3, and then the front wall 3a is fitted, and the furnace 3 is sealed.

Next, the heating gas 11 supplied from the heating gas supply source 4 is supplied into the hollow shaft 1 via the heating gas supply pipe 5 and the hollow rotary shaft 6. The heating gas 11 supplied into the hollow shaft 1 enters the cylinder 2 through the hole 1 a of the hollow shaft 1 and
While heating the waste FRP pieces inside, the air and the like in the cylinder 2 are discharged from the discharge port 3c of the furnace 3 through the hole 2a of the cylinder 2. When the air or the like in the cylinder 2 is exhausted, the rotating power 8 is driven to change the centrifugal force and gravity to the waste FRP piece and the heated gas 11 that has reached the thermal decomposition temperature from the heated gas supply source 4 is discharged. It is continuously supplied to the hollow shaft 1. The heating gas 11 flows from the hole 1a of the hollow shaft 1 to the center of the cylinder 2 and from the center to the circumferential direction to make the temperature inside the cylinder 2 uniform, and the waste gas FRP is thermally decomposed by the heating gas 11. In this way, it is separated into a non-decomposed component (residual core material) and a gasified component or a liquid component which is a thermal decomposition product.

In this case, the rotation speed of the waste FRP piece is adjusted by manipulating the rotating power 8 to apply centrifugal force more than gravity to prevent the waste FRP piece from falling due to gravity.
A piece of the residual core material is separated into a shape that can be easily reused as it is. In addition, the number of rotations of the waste FRP piece is adjusted by operating the rotation power 8, and the fluctuation of the centrifugal force and gravity and the waste FR
Vibration is performed by synergistically synthesizing the elasticity of the P piece (for example, a turning radius of 2).
The waste FRP pieces that make 60 revolutions per minute at 5 centimeters
Every time, it is almost gravityless and twice as gravitational. ),
The heating gas 11 is allowed to permeate evenly between the waste FRP pieces. As a result, heat transfer is improved, and waste FRP pieces can be thermally decomposed efficiently. On the other hand, the gasification component 11a is discharged into the furnace 3 through the hole 2a on the outer peripheral portion of the cylinder 2, and is discharged from the discharge port 3c of the furnace 3. The gasification component 11a contains the heating gas 11 and a pyrolysis product, and the pyrolysis product contains a liquid component and a gasification component.

On the other hand, non-decomposed components (residual core material) such as glass fibers remaining in the cylinder 2 are removed again by removing the front wall 3a and the detachable bearing 9, take the cylinder 2 out of the furnace 3, remove the front plate 2b, and remove the cylinder 2 The non-decomposed components (residual core material) are taken out in substantially the same shape and with less deterioration in strength. The extracted non-decomposed component (residual core material), that is, glass fiber or the like is reused as a core material of FRP. Also, it is reused by being mixed with cement or the like to obtain concrete having high tensile strength. After the non-decomposed components (residual core material) are taken out of the cylinder 2, the above operation is repeated again.

Next, Embodiments 2 to 4 of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of Embodiments 2 to 4, and FIG.
It is III-III arrow sectional drawing. 2 and 3 are the same as those in FIG. 1 and are not described here. In FIGS. 2 and 3, an outer cylinder 2 </ b> A is provided concentrically with the cylinder 2 on the outer peripheral side of the cylinder 2 as a rotating container that rotates around a horizontal axis. Reference numeral 9a denotes a detachable bearing provided between the inside of the outer cylinder 2A and the rotary drive shaft 10.
Reference numeral 12a denotes an induction pipe for guiding gasification components 11a and the like passing between the cylinder 2 and the outer cylinder 2A, and the induction pipe 12a passes through the discharge port 3c of the furnace 3. 13 is a storage tank for liquid components and the like provided in the middle of the guide pipe 12a, 12b is a guide pipe from the storage tank 13 to the primary cooling fractionating apparatus 14, and the same primary cooling fractionating apparatus 14 is a gas flowing through the guiding pipe 12b. Primary cooling fractionation device for cooling the fractionated components 11b and storing fractionated components, 15
Is a gasification component or the like 11 provided on the downstream side of the primary cooling fractionating device 14 and flowing from the primary cooling fractionating device 14 through the guide pipe 12c.
This is a secondary cooling fractionating device that cools and stores fractionated c. Reference numeral 12d denotes an induction pipe through which gaseous components and the like 11d from the secondary cooling fractionator 15 flow. The induction pipe 12d is connected to the suction side of the circulation pump 16 and communicates with an induction pipe 12e through which the gasification components and the like 11e flow. are doing. Reference numeral 17 denotes an exhaust pipe for the gasification component 11e, which is provided to branch off to the guide pipe 12e. Reference numeral 17a denotes an exhaust valve interposed in the exhaust pipe 17, which is connected to a guide pipe 12e through which gaseous components 11e on the discharge side of the circulation pump 16 flow. Reference numeral 18 denotes a flow control valve which is interposed downstream of the branch point of the exhaust pipe 17 and
An air supply pipe is provided on the downstream side of the flow control valve 18 and is branched from the guide pipe 12f.
9a is interposed. The guide tube 12f is connected to the gas heating tube 5a of the heating gas 11. Reference numeral 20 denotes a combustion chamber, reference numeral 20a denotes a combustion chamber upper floor, reference numeral 20b denotes a plurality of combustion gas discharge ports provided on the combustion chamber upper floor 20a, and reference numeral 21 denotes a combustion device provided in the combustion chamber 20. Reference numeral 22 denotes a heating chamber provided between the combustion chamber upper floor 20a and the outer cylinder 2A. In the heating chamber 22, a gas heating pipe 5a penetrating the furnace 3 is disposed above the combustion gas outlet 20b, and the gas heating pipe 5a is bent upward and communicates with the heating gas supply pipe 5. .

In the embodiment configured as described above,
In the manner described in the first embodiment, the waste FRP piece is thermally decomposed by using steam as the heating gas 11 for the heat treatment. First, the waste FRP piece is filled in the cylinder 2, closed by the hatch mechanism 3 A, the flow control valve 18 is closed, the exhaust valve 17 a is opened, and the cylinder 2 is filled with steam from the air supply pipe 19 into the circulation system of the heating gas. Is rotated by the rotation power 8. Also,
The combustion device 21 is activated, ignites the fuel, and starts combustion in the combustion chamber 20. Next, when the air is exhausted from the exhaust pipe 17, the supply of steam from the air supply pipe 19 is stopped, the circulation pump 16 is started, and the flow control valve 18 and the exhaust valve 17a are started.
To adjust the pressure and flow rate in the heating gas 11 circulation system. In addition, by adjusting the combustion device 21, the combustion gas discharge port 2 hitting the gas heating pipe 5 a in the heating chamber 22 is formed.
The temperature and amount of the combustion gas ejected from 0b are adjusted. In this way, the heat treatment is started by controlling the temperature of the heating gas 11.

The gasification component 11a of the waste FRP piece is discharged from the hole 2a on the outer periphery of the cylinder 2 by the thermal decomposition,
Is guided to the guide tube 12a through the space path between the outer tube 2A and
The liquid component is separated in the liquid storage tank 13. The gasification component 11b of the guide pipe 12b is supplied to the primary cooling fractionator 14
When the gasified component 11b is cooled to about 190 ° C., phthalic acid and the like are fractionated. Next, the gasification components 11c that are not fractionated by the primary cooling fractionating device 14 are led to the secondary cooling fractionating device 15 via the guide pipe 12c. Here, when the gasification component 11c is cooled to about 140 ° C., styrene and the like are fractionated. Further, the gasification components 11d and the like which are not fractionated by the secondary cooling fractionator 15 are led to the guide pipe 12d and pressurized by the circulation pump 16. And the guide tube 12
The pressure of gaseous components 11e led to e is exhaust valve 1
Adjust with the opening of 7a. On the other hand, the recirculated gasification components 11e are flow-adjusted by the opening of the flow control valve 18, and the steam (heated gas 11) and the undistilled gas (gasification components not cooled and fractionated again) Is introduced into the gas heating pipe 5a as the heating gas 11f, and is re-supplied as the heating gas 11 until the heat treatment is completed.

Then, when the heat treatment is completed, the combustion device 21
Is stopped, and the flow control valve 18 is closed while lowering the temperature of the heating gas 11. Then, while supplying the steam from the air supply pipe 19, the steam and the undistilled gas are discharged from the exhaust pipe 17 to fill the cylinder 2 with new steam. Next, the supply of steam from the air supply pipe 19 is stopped, the circulating pump 16 is stopped, the power for rotation 8 is stopped, and the rotation of the cylinder 2 is stopped. Further, with the cooling of the furnace 3, the inside of the cylinder 2 is replaced with air from the air supply pipe 19 to open the hatch mechanism 3A. In this case, if unretained gas release is an environmental problem, the steam and the unreacted gas are separated and stored in a gas treatment device (not shown) and burned as a heating heat source of the heated gas at the time of re-operation in the present embodiment. .

Embodiment 3 of the present invention will be described. In FIG. 3, 23a, 23b, 23c,... Are a plurality of guide blades provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder 2 at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction. Each guide blade 23a, 23b, 23c,... Provided at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction.
Extend in the axial direction of the cylinder 2. This guide blade 2
3a, 23b, 23c,..., The gasified component 11a released from the hole 2a of the cylinder 2A rotates inside the outer cylinder 2A while creating a forced flow. Heat can be exchanged, and the temperature inside the outer cylinder 2A is made uniform. As a result, the thermal decomposition efficiency of the waste FRP piece can be increased.

Embodiment 4 of the present invention will be described. In FIG. 3, reference numerals 24a, 24b, 24c,... Denote a plurality of radially provided partition plates inside the cylinder 2 in the axial direction. The partition plates 24a, 24b, 24c,.
The cylinder 2 is reinforced by a plurality of compartments 25a, 2
Since it is divided into 5b, 25c,..., The waste FRP pieces can be filled evenly, and the bias at the time of starting rotation can be limited. Also,
The temperature unevenness of the heated gas 11 hitting the waste FRP piece is reduced, and the reuse of the waste FRP piece is made more efficient. In addition, in order to improve the exchange of the heating gas 11 between 25a, 25b, 25c,.
A plurality of holes may be provided in b, 24c, ....

Next, a fifth embodiment and a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment-5 and Embodiment-6. FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line VV. 4 and 5 are the same as those in FIGS. 1 to 3 and are not described here. 26 is a spray nozzle of the primary cooling fractionator. 27 is a spray nozzle of the secondary cooling fractionating apparatus. 28 is a gasification component etc. 1 from the secondary cooling fractionating apparatus 15
A gas-liquid separator and a condenser (hereinafter abbreviated as a gas-liquid separator) for the gas-liquid component and the like 11 d provided on the downstream side of the guide pipe 12 d for flowing 1 d. Is a heat exchange device for 11d of gasification components etc.
Is a liquefied saturated liquid of the gasification component 11d. Furthermore,
12 g is the gasification component etc. separated by the gas-liquid separator 28.
g is connected to the suction side of the circulating pump 16 by an induction pipe.
12h is a gasification component or the like pressurized by the circulation pump 16
h is connected to the discharge side of the circulation pump 16 by a guide pipe. Reference numeral 29 denotes a main condenser of the undistilled gas and the heated gas which is branched to the guide pipe 12h and connected to the exhaust pipe 17 having the exhaust valve 17a interposed.

In the embodiment configured as described above,
In the manner described in the second embodiment, heat is exchanged between the spray water (the latent heat of evaporation of water and the latent heat of condensation of the pyrolysis gas) whose spray amount is adjusted from the spray nozzle 26 of the primary cooling fractionator. ) Is directly sprayed onto the gasification component 11b and cooled and fractionated. Similarly, the gasification component 11c guided to the secondary cooling fractionating device 15 via the guide pipe 12c is directly sprayed with the spray water from the spray nozzle 27 of the secondary cooling fractionating device and cooled and fractionated. Further, the gasified component 11d that is not fractionated by the secondary cooling fractionator 15 is separated again into 11g of the gasified component and the liquid component by the gas-liquid separator 28 via the guide pipe 12d. Further, the sprayed and evaporated water vapor is cooled by a heat exchange device 28a installed in the gas-liquid separator 28, collected as saturated water 28b, and reused as spray water while the gas-liquid separator 28
(Saturated liquid evaporates when the pressure drops and stabilizes the pressure in the vessel.) Furthermore, gasification components etc.
1 g is guided to the guide pipe 12 g and pressurized by the circulation pump 16. The pressure of the gasification component 11 h guided to the guide pipe 12 h is adjusted by the opening of the exhaust valve 17 a and exhausted from the exhaust pipe 17. A part of the gasification component 11h is appropriately condensed and separated in the main condenser 29. On the other hand, the recirculated gasification components 11i and the like 11i of the guide pipe 12i adjust the flow rate by the opening degree of the flow rate control valve 18 and re-heat gas (steam and undistilled gas) 11i.
As i, it is guided to the gas heating pipe 5a and is re-supplied.

When the heat treatment is completed, the flow control valve 18
Is closed, new steam is supplied from the air supply pipe 19, and 11 g of the gasification component containing the newly supplied steam is injected into the main condenser 29 through the exhaust pipe 17 using the circulation pump 16. Then, the steam is liquefied to separate the undistilled gas. In this way, the unreacted gas is also separated and stored, and is reused as a heating source.

The sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. 4 and 5, reference numeral 30 denotes an air supply pipe having a plurality of air ejection holes 30a. The air supply pipe 30 is provided below the gas heating pipe 5a in the heating chamber 22, and is partially heated. It is connected to an air supply device 31 outside the furnace 3 through the chamber 22. A plurality of electromagnetic wave irradiation devices 32 for irradiating the inside of the cylinder 2 with electromagnetic waves are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the hollow shaft 1 at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction. Further, a plurality of springs 33 are provided at equal intervals over the entire inner peripheral surface of the cylinder 2. As the spring 33, for example, a leaf spring is used.

In such a configuration, in order to control the temperature of the heating gas 11, air supplied from the air supply device 31 is supplied to the gas heating pipe 5a heated by the combustion gas. The temperature of the heating gas 11 in the gas heating pipe 5a can be controlled at a higher level by adjusting the amount of air ejected from the air ejection holes 30a by ejecting the air from the air ejection holes 30a. Thus, by adjusting the temperature and the flow rate of the heating gas 11, the amount of heat that the heating gas 11 gives to the waste FRP pieces can be adjusted, and the rate of the pyrolysis gasification reaction can be adjusted. In the case where a harmful substance may be generated in the thermal decomposition product of the waste FRP piece, by changing the type and chemical properties of the heating gas 11, the properties of the thermal decomposition product in the decomposition generation stage are changed. It can be adjusted and made harmless.

Further, since the waste FRP piece inside the cylinder 2 is heated by the electromagnetic wave irradiated from the electromagnetic wave irradiation device 32, the thermal decomposition can be accelerated. Further, the spring 33 minutely vibrates due to the change of the centrifugal force and the gravity, and minutely vibrates the waste FRP piece stuck to the spring 33 to accelerate the thermal decomposition.

[Effects of the Embodiment] 1) The number of rotations of the horizontal cylinder 2 is adjusted to give a centrifugal force to the waste FRP piece, and (centrifugal force + gravity) and (centrifugal force-gravity) for each rotation. Is vibrated by the fluctuation of the waste FRP pieces, and the heating gas 11 is made to uniformly penetrate between the waste FRP pieces, so that the thermal decomposition of the waste FRP pieces can be performed efficiently. 2) The amount of heat required for the thermal decomposition of the waste FRP pieces can be adjusted by adjusting the temperature and the flow rate of the heating gas 11 to adjust the decomposition rate of the thermal decomposition of the waste FRP pieces. 3) Since the thermal decomposition of the waste FRP pieces can be processed at a low temperature and a constant temperature, the components of the thermal decomposition products are stable and the recycling becomes easy. 4) The glass fiber as a non-decomposed component of the waste FRP piece does not expand due to the rotation of the cylinder 2, and the low temperature treatment reduces the strength deterioration and facilitates reuse. 5) The gasified components of the waste FRP pieces are cooled and fractionated, and the waste FRP
Since the undistilled gas and styrene can be reused as a heat source for heating the heating gas 11 for thermal decomposition of the pieces, the recycling efficiency is high. 6) The thermal decomposition products of the waste FRP pieces are separated and fractionated, and are condensed and separated by a heating gas or the like, which is then processed in a substantially closed circulation system, and further by changing the type or chemical properties of the heating gas 11. No harmful substances are emitted outside due to thermal decomposition. 7) In order to vibrate the waste FRP piece by rotation of the cylinder 2,
Simple vibration device and low noise. In addition, power consumption can be reduced due to the rotational movement. 8) Guide vanes 23a, 23b, 23c,.
By this, the flow of the gasified components 11a of the waste FRP pieces can be forced, and the temperature inside the outer cylinder 2A is made uniform to reduce the waste FRP.
The thermal decomposition efficiency of the pieces can be increased. 9) By providing the compartments 25a, 25b, 25c,... In the cylinder 2, the waste FRP pieces can be evenly filled, the cylinder 2 can be reinforced, and the bias at the time of starting rotation can be limited. In addition, uniformity of waste FR
P pieces can be thermally decomposed. 10) Gasification components 11 using steam as the heating gas 11
The heat exchange efficiency can be improved by directly spraying water and performing heat exchange on the cooling method for fractionating b and 11c. In addition, the cooling fractionating device 14 and the secondary cooling fractionating device 1
5 can be simplified, the rate of heat exchange is high, and the control of the fractionation temperature of the gasified components of the waste FRP pieces is facilitated by adjusting the spray amount. 11) The combustion chamber 20 is provided in the furnace 3, and the furnace 3 includes the outer cylinder 2A, so that the outer cylinder 2A can be heated and kept warm from the outside. Further, unnecessary residues such as undistilled gas can be incinerated at a high temperature in the combustion chamber 20 and completely burned, and can be used as a heating source of the heating gas 11. 12) By providing the gas-liquid separator 28, the circulation pump 1
6, the inflow of liquid components (such as water) can be limited, and the presence of a saturated liquid such as saturated water 28b in the gas-liquid separator 28 can alleviate pressure fluctuations in the system.

[0037]

1) The rotation speed of the horizontal cylinder is adjusted to apply a centrifugal force to the waste plastic pieces, and the centrifugal force + gravity per rotation
Vibration caused by the fluctuation of (centrifugal force-gravity), heat gas is evenly penetrated into waste plastic pieces to improve heat transfer, and efficiently decompose waste plastic pieces at a constant low temperature that can be thermally decomposed Can be done. 2) The rate of thermal decomposition can be adjusted by adjusting the amount of heat required for the thermal decomposition of the waste plastic pieces by adjusting the temperature and the flow rate of the heating gas. 3) When harmful substances may be generated in the thermal decomposition products of waste plastic pieces, supply by changing the type and chemical properties of the heating gas, and adjust the properties of the thermal decomposition products to make them harmless. It is possible to do. 4) Since the thermal decomposition of the waste plastic pieces can be processed at a constant temperature, the components of the thermal decomposition products are stable, and the recycling of the substances obtained by cooling and fractionating the liquid components and gasification components becomes easy. 5) By adjusting the rotation speed of the cylinder, the non-decomposed components of the waste plastic pieces, such as glass fiber, do not expand, and the low-temperature treatment reduces deterioration in strength and facilitates reuse. 6) Since the thermal decomposition products of the waste plastic pieces are separated and fractionated, and condensed and separated by a heating gas or the like, the heat treatment is performed in a substantially closed circulation system, so that harmful substances are not discharged. 7) Since the waste plastic piece is vibrated by the rotation of the cylinder, the vibration device is simple and the noise is small. In addition, power consumption can be reduced due to the rotational movement. 8) By attaching the guide blade to the cylinder, the flow of the thermal decomposition product of the waste plastic piece can be forced, and the temperature in the rotating system can be made uniform to increase the thermal decomposition efficiency of the waste plastic piece. 9) By providing the compartment in the cylinder, the waste plastic pieces can be evenly filled, the cylinder can be reinforced, and the bias at the time of starting rotation can be limited. Further, the temperature of the waste plastic pieces can be eliminated, and the waste plastic pieces can be thermally decomposed uniformly. 10) By providing an electromagnetic wave irradiation device for irradiating electromagnetic waves inside the cylinder, the thermal decomposition of the waste plastic pieces can be accelerated. 11) By providing springs at appropriate intervals on the inner peripheral surface of the cylinder, the springs vibrate minutely due to fluctuations in centrifugal force and gravity, and minutely vibrate the waste plastic pieces stuck to the springs to accelerate thermal decomposition. be able to. 12) By using an inert gas such as water vapor as the heating gas, it is possible to prevent oxidation, combustion and explosion of the thermal decomposition product. 13) Since the heat treatment can be performed under substantially atmospheric pressure, the structure of the apparatus is simple and the manufacturing cost can be reduced. As described above, waste plastic pieces can be efficiently heat-treated by the present invention. Further, the processed product obtained by the present invention can be efficiently recycled.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a transverse sectional view of Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of Embodiments 2 to 4 of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along the line III-III in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of Embodiment-5 and Embodiment-6 of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view taken along the line VV of FIG. 4;

[Explanation of symbols]

1: hollow shaft, 1a: hole 2: cylinder, 2A: outer cylinder 2a: hole, 2b: front plate, 2c: rear plate 3: furnace, 3a: front wall, 3b: rear wall, 3c: outlet 3A: hatch Mechanism 4: Heating gas supply source 5: Heating gas supply pipe, 5a: Gas heating tube 6: Hollow rotating shaft 7: Rotating shaft 8: Power for rotation 9, 9a: Detachable bearing 10: Rotating drive shaft 11: Heating gas 11a, 11b, 11c, 11d, 11e, 11f, 1
1g, 11h, 11i: gasification components, etc. 12a, 12b, 12c, 12d, 12e, 12f, 1
2g, 12h, 12i: guide tube 13: storage tank 14: primary cooling fractionator 15: secondary cooling fractionator 16: circulation pump 17: exhaust pipe, 17a: exhaust valve 18: flow control valve 19: air supply pipe, 19a: Air supply valve 20: Combustion chamber, 20a: Combustion chamber upper floor, 20b: Combustion gas outlet 21: Combustion device 22: Heating chamber 23a, 23b, 23c: Guide vane 24a, 24b, 24c: Partition plate 25a, 25b, 25c: Separator 26: Spray nozzle of primary cooling fractionator 27: Spray nozzle of secondary cooling fractionator 28: Gas-liquid separator, 28a: Heat exchanger, 28b: Saturated liquid 29: Main condenser 30: Air Supply pipe, 30a: Air ejection hole 31: Air supply device 32: Electromagnetic wave irradiation device 33: Spring

Claims (16)

[Claims] 1. A horizontally long hollow shaft having a hole in the outer periphery, a cylinder coaxially arranged and having a hole opened in the outer periphery, one end of which can be opened and closed, and the other end of which is closed. A furnace having an opening for discharging decomposition products and a heated gas and having an openable / closable end, a heated gas supply source connected to the hollow shaft, and a power source for rotating the hollow shaft and the cylinder. A pyrolysis furnace for waste plastics with horizontal cylinder rotation. 2. A horizontally long hollow shaft having a ventilation hole on a side peripheral surface,
A cylinder that is coaxially exterior, has ventilation holes on the side peripheral surface, is closed at both ends, is filled with an appropriate amount of waste plastic pieces inside, and is partially openable and closable, and the hollow shaft and cylinder are placed horizontally inside and partially A furnace which has an opening for discharging a pyrolysis product or a heated gas and which can be partially opened and closed, a heating gas supply source communicating with the inside of the cylinder through the hollow shaft, and the hollow shaft and the cylinder A horizontal cylindrical rotary waste plastic pyrolysis furnace, comprising: a power source rotating around a horizontal axis. 3. The pyrolysis furnace for waste plastics according to claim 1, wherein a pipe is provided in the opening, and the pipe passes through a cooling device. 4. The cylinder according to claim 1, wherein an outer cylinder is provided on the outer periphery of the cylinder with an appropriate gap, and a plurality of guide vanes are provided on the outer peripheral surface of the cylinder at appropriate intervals in the circumferential direction. 2. A pyrolysis furnace for waste plastics with horizontal cylinder rotation according to item 2. 5. The thermal decomposition furnace for waste plastics according to claim 1, wherein a plurality of partition plates are provided radially inside the cylinder in the axial direction. 6. The pyrolysis furnace of a horizontal cylindrical rotary waste plastic according to claim 1, further comprising an electromagnetic wave irradiation device for irradiating the inside of said cylinder with an electromagnetic wave. 7. The horizontal plastic waste rotary plastic pyrolysis furnace according to claim 1, wherein springs are provided at appropriate intervals on the inner peripheral surface of said cylinder. 8. The heat of a horizontal cylindrical rotary plastic waste according to claim 3, wherein a spray nozzle for directly spraying a liquid material of a heating gas onto a gasification component of a pyrolysis product is provided in the cooling fractionation of the cooling device. Decomposition furnace. 9. Filling the cylinder with waste plastic pieces, rotating the cylinder while supplying heating gas, and utilizing the fluctuation of centrifugal force and gravity to improve heat transfer between the waste plastic pieces and the heating gas; A method for thermally decomposing horizontal cylindrical rotary waste plastic, characterized in that the properties of the pyrolysis product are stably taken out. 10. The method according to claim 9, wherein the centrifugal force acting on the waste plastic pieces is made larger than gravity by adjusting the rotation speed of the cylinder, so that the core material remaining after the thermal decomposition is taken out almost as it is. A method for thermally decomposing horizontal cylindrical rotary waste plastic according to the above. 11. A rotating container contained in a furnace is filled with waste plastic pieces, and the rotation is adjusted so that the waste plastic pieces do not fall freely around the horizontal direction as an axis, and vibration is applied by utilizing the fluctuation of centrifugal force and gravity. A method for thermally decomposing horizontal cylinder-rotating waste plastic, wherein heat is transferred to a heating medium such as a heated gas or a pyrolysis product to improve the heat transfer. 12. The method according to claim 1, wherein the rotational speed of the rotary container is adjusted so that the centrifugal force acting on the waste plastic pieces is greater than the gravity, so that the core material remaining after pyrolysis is taken out almost as it is. 12. The method for thermally decomposing a horizontal cylindrical rotary waste plastic according to 11. 13. The horizontal cylindrical waste plastic according to claim 9, wherein the temperature of the heating gas and the supply amount of the heating gas are adjusted to adjust the rate of thermal decomposition of the waste plastic pieces. Thermal decomposition method. 14. The horizontal cylindrical rotating plastic waste according to claim 9 or 11, wherein the heating gas is supplied by changing the kind or chemical properties thereof to adjust properties of a decomposition product generated by thermal decomposition. Pyrolysis method. 15. A rotating container placed laterally in a furnace is filled with an appropriate amount of waste plastic pieces and heated gas is supplied while rotating around a horizontal axis. In the initial stage of rotation, the rotating container is rotated at a low speed. The waste plastic pieces in the container are allowed to fall freely, and the heated gas is evenly penetrated throughout the waste plastic pieces in the container. By increasing the rotation and attaching the waste plastic pieces to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating container by the centrifugal force to prevent the waste plastic pieces from rotating, the centrifugal force and the change in gravity are used to attach the waste plastic pieces to the inner peripheral surface of the rotating container. A method for thermally decomposing a horizontal cylindrical rotary plastic, wherein a waste plastic piece is internally vibrated to improve heat transfer with a heating medium such as a heating gas or a thermal decomposition product to perform thermal decomposition. 16. The thermal decomposition method of a horizontal cylindrical rotary plastic waste according to claim 11, wherein the thermal decomposition product of the waste plastic piece is taken out of the furnace and separated and fractionated as a recycled product.