JP2000324639A - Method of monitoring slackness degree of aerial line - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To measure slackness degree of aerial lines without having to arrange a watchman on a pylon. SOLUTION: Images of aerial lines supported slackly astride neighboring pylons 1, 3 are taken from the pylon 1 of one side by a fixed camera 9 as a photographing means. The image data so obtained are transmitted to an image processing part which extracts the image part of the aerial lines them, the extracted image part of the aerial lines is used to calculate the slackness degree of the aerial lines 5a, 5b and to display the calculated result.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an overhead line sag monitoring method in the construction of overhead lines such as transmission lines.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Since the extension work of power transmission lines is mainly performed in high places, it is difficult to monitor only by visual observation from the ground. Spans that cross important objects such as
An industrial television camera (hereinafter, referred to as an ITV camera) is installed on a steel tower, and monitoring is performed using captured images. The image is usually transmitted by the transmission means, so that the operator of the drum field that feeds out the transmission line on one side and the engine field that winds the pooling wire on the other side can be directly seen, and if there is an abnormality, it is instantaneous The device can be stopped.

However, in the conventional wire drawing work, the monitoring of the sag of the transmission line is performed by a method of directly observing the transmission line by visual observation by an observer, and is not automated.

[0004] Conventionally, there are mainly two methods of monitoring the sag, and there are a direct teaching method of directly looking through the electric wire and a method of indirectly calculating the sag by measuring the tension. In the indirect method,
Except under special conditions, sag is usually measured by the direct method, because it involves a more accurate measuring machine and an accurate calculation than the direct method.

[0005] In the direct method, for example, page 228 of "TLT-5 Overhead Wire Construction Standards Manual" issued in October 1987 by Denki Shoin Co., Ltd. as a sales office by the Transmission Line Construction Technology Research Group. The isometric method, as described in, is mainly used. In this isometric method, a sagittal ruler (vertex) is attached to one of the points at which the sag falls by a specified sag from the wire support point, and an observing device is attached to the other. It is a method of adjusting the lowest point of the electric wire as seen to the same height as the loosening ruler, and it is a task of adjusting to a certain sag rather than observing the sag.

The following is a more specific description of such an isometric method.

[0007] First, a sag rule is attached to a steel tower column which is lowered by the sag length from the wire support point of one of the towers for the sag measurement diameter.

[0008] The measurer goes to a position lower than the wire support point of the other tower between the sag measurement diameters by the sag length, measures the temperature, finds the difference from the assumed temperature at the time of the desk calculation, The amount of sag change due to expansion and contraction is calculated based on the temperature difference of the electric wire, and the observation point position for correcting the amount of change is determined.

A pocket compass is attached to the changed observation point position, and while looking into the scope of the compass, the orientation of the scope is adjusted so that the sag ruler and the center collimation line in the scope become horizontal. While looking through the scope, change the sag so that the sag base height matches the sag rule.

[0010]

However, in such a method of measuring the sag by the isometric method, since the measurement is carried out by visual observation, there is a problem that the observer must be at the measuring point of the steel tower at the time of the tightening work. is there.

In addition, even if the time required for measuring the sag during the tightening work is short, it is not possible
Since it is often mentally fatigued, it is not possible to go to another place during free time and do other work and return when measurement is necessary, and once ascending the tower, the measurer will There is a problem that the user often waits on the steel tower until the measurement of the sag.

In the conventional surveillance method, an ITV camera is particularly used as a photographing means. However, the ITV camera is heavy, and cables such as a power supply, a control cable, and an image cable are laid from above the tower to below the tower. Must be installed, time and labor are required for installation, generators must be used in places where commercial power is not available, and maintenance problems etc. At present, it was attached only to this. For this reason, if a problem occurs during the construction of a span where a camera is not installed and some kind of surveillance becomes necessary, an observer should be placed on the tower of that span and monitored visually. Do
There was a problem that had to be communicated wirelessly if something was wrong.

An object of the present invention is to provide an overhead line sag monitoring method capable of measuring the sag of an overhead line without placing a monitor on the tower.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an overhead line sag monitoring method which can easily calculate sag.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an overhead line sag monitoring method capable of issuing an alarm when the sag calculation result exceeds a certain range.

Another object of the present invention is to provide an overhead line sag monitoring method capable of monitoring the overhead line sag without using a heavy ITV camera as a photographing means.

[0017]

According to the overhead line sag monitoring method of the present invention, an overhead line supported by being loosened over an adjacent tower is photographed by photographing means from one of the towers. Transmitting the obtained image data, extracting the overhead line image portion in the image processing section, calculating the sag of the overhead line using the extracted overhead line image portion, and displaying the calculation result. It is characterized by.

If the sag of the overhead line is monitored in this way, the sag of the overhead line can be measured safely on the ground without placing an observer on the tower. In this overhead wire sag monitoring method, the sag of the overhead wire is displayed as a numerical value, so that the sag can be monitored quantitatively.
The overhead line image portion can be easily extracted by extracting the overhead line image portion from the background based on the luminance distribution of the image, for example.

In the present invention, the sag of the overhead wire is calculated by calculating the height difference between the photographing means and the overhead line supporting point of the tower supporting the photographing means by a, and photographing the overhead line supporting point of the opposite tower. Assuming that the height difference b from the observation point on the opposite side of the steel tower that sees the sag bottom of the overhead wire from the means, it is preferable to obtain the sag d from √a + √b = 2√d. This makes it possible to easily calculate the sag.

Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that when the calculation result of the sag exceeds a certain range, it is determined that the abnormality is abnormal by the determination means and an alarm is issued by the alarm means. By doing so, an alarm is issued when the calculation result of the sag exceeds a certain range, so that it is possible to easily perform a tightening operation to bring the sag into the certain range.

Further, in the present invention, it is preferable that a solid-state camera such as a CCD camera is used as the photographing means. This makes it possible to easily monitor the sag of the overhead wire using a light-weight and small solid-state camera and using a battery as a power supply.

[0022]

1 to 3 show an example of an embodiment of a configuration of an overhead wire sag monitoring apparatus for implementing an overhead wire sag monitoring method according to the present invention, and FIG. FIG. 2 is an explanatory view of spans for monitoring sag according to the present invention, FIG. 2 is a side view showing a configuration of a tower installation device installed on a tower in this example, and FIG. 3 is a ground installation device installed on the ground in this example. FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing the configuration of FIG.

In the overhead wire sag monitoring apparatus for implementing the overhead wire sag monitoring method of this embodiment, as shown in FIG. 1, for example, the arms (arms) 2a, 2b,
2c and arms (arms) 4a, 4b, 4 of the tower 3 with high support points
An example in which the first overhead line 5a, the second overhead line 5b, and the third overhead line 5c are supported in a loosened state, and the sag degree of the overhead lines 5a and 5b is monitored will be described. .

In this case, the tower installation device section 6 of the overhead wire sag monitoring device is installed at an appropriate position on the low support point steel tower 1.

As shown in FIG. 2, the overhead installation unit 6 of the overhead wire sag monitoring apparatus is semi-fixed with its base end magnetically attracted and supported by the magnet 7a to the steel tower 1, and its orientation can be changed. Movable arm 8 and a solid-state camera 9 such as a CCD camera as a photographing means supported by the tip of the movable arm 8.
And a transmitter 11 for transmitting image data, which is a photographing output of the solid-state camera 9, via a cable 10 and wirelessly transmitting the image data.
And a magnet 7b for magnetically attracting and supporting the transmitter 11 to the steel tower 1. The solid-state camera 9
A commercially available product that has a lens portion 9a at the front thereof and is small and lightweight and can be transported by one person is used.

The ground installation unit 12, which receives a radio signal from the tower installation unit 6 on the ground and monitors the sag of the overhead lines 5a, 5b, includes a reception antenna 13 for receiving image data composed of radio signals. Receiver 1 that receives and converts it into an image
4, a video recording unit 15 for recording an image signal received by the receiver 14, an image processing unit 16 for performing image processing based on the image signal received by the receiver 14, and an image processing unit 1
There is a personal computer (hereinafter referred to as a personal computer) 17 for calculating the sag based on the image processed in step 6 and displaying the calculation result on the display unit 17a, and a sag calculation result calculated by the personal computer 17. An alarm means 18 for issuing an alarm when the judgment means in the personal computer 17 judges that the value is out of range. Such a ground installation unit 12 is installed on the ground below the steel tower 1 on which the tower installation unit 6 is installed, for example.

Next, an overhead line sag monitoring method according to the present embodiment using the overhead line sag monitoring apparatus including the tower installation unit 6 and the ground installation unit 12 will be described.

An operator brings the tower installation device 6 and attaches it to the position of the tower 1 where the overhead wires 5a and 5b to be monitored can be photographed by magnets 7a and 7b. As the solid-state camera 9, a commercially available one such as a CCD camera using a battery as a power supply is used. Therefore, the solid-state camera 9 is very light in weight, small in size, easily transported by one person, and installed at a predetermined position of the steel tower 1. Can be. The orientation of the installed solid-state camera 9 is set such that the movable arm 8 is bent to photograph the slack portions of the overhead wires 5a and 5b.

The image photographed by the solid-state camera body 9 is transmitted to the ground by a transmitter 11 by converting the image data into radio waves.

In this case, in order to allow anyone to use the overhead line sag monitoring apparatus, it is preferable to transmit image data within a legal range where no license is required. Although it is difficult to fly such a radio wave over a long distance, a sufficiently clear image can be transmitted if the radio wave is located above the steel tower 1 and below the steel tower 1.

The solid-state camera 9 is an IT camera with a normal head.
Unlike a V-camera, it is not possible to change the direction of the camera or change the zoom magnification, but it is not necessary to monitor at all times, but when monitoring is required for a specific period, a guard is placed on the tower. When monitoring is being performed, the solid-state camera 9 is effective. Instead of arranging an observer at the start of work, this solid-state camera 9 is installed at a position where an object to be monitored can be photographed, and images are continuously sent. It may be monitored and collected at the end of work.

When image data is converted into radio waves by the transmitter 11 and transmitted wirelessly to the ground, there is no need to draw a cable from the tower 1 to the ground, and it is easy to wirelessly transmit image data to a drum site or an engine site. is there.

By applying this method, it can be effectively used for inspection of a steel tower or measurement of sag at the time of tightening. That is,
At the time of the inspection of the tower, a worker who takes a picture of the tower installation device 6 from which only the solid-state camera 9 and the transmitter 11 have been removed is carried around the tower 1. In this case, the solid-state camera 9
It is preferable to use a solid-state camera with a video because it is easy to work. The observer under the tower 1
Wirelessly instruct the inspection object. Since the image becomes clearer when the transmitter 11 is fixed, it is preferable to fix the transmitter 11 near the inspection object.

The wirelessly transmitted image data is received by the receiver 14 via the receiving antenna 13 of the ground installation unit 12, and is processed by the image processing unit 16 in accordance with an instruction from the personal computer 17. 5a and 2nd overhead line 5b
Is measured as follows.

The direction of the solid-state camera 9 of the tower installation device 6 attached to an appropriate position of the low support point steel tower 1 and the lens 9a
Is adjusted, and the captured image 19 as shown in FIG.
The sagging bottoms 5ab 'and 5bb' and the high support point tower image 3 'of the first overhead line image 5a' and the second overhead line image 5b 'are shown as large as possible. At this time, the height of the central portion of the solid-state camera 9 is measured in order to obtain the mounting height of the solid-state camera 9 necessary for later calculations. This need not be measured if the center is attached to a member of the steel tower 1 whose height is known in advance.

The image data is wirelessly transmitted as radio waves to the above-ground equipment unit 12 below the tower 1 by the transmitter 11 and received by the receiver 14 via the receiving antenna 13 to be converted into an image.

The converted image is input to the image processing unit 16 while being recorded by the video recording unit 15, the sag is calculated by the personal computer 17, and output to the display unit 17a for display.

The calculation method of the sag is as follows.
The angle of view range 20 of the photographed image 19 input to is obtained. That is, first, the coordinate points on the screen of the tower 3 whose actual coordinates are known are obtained from the high support point tower image 3 'on the screen of FIG. In this example, the tip portions 4da ′, 4da of the arm images 4d ′, 4f ′
The coordinates of fa 'and 4fb' are manually obtained. Since the actual length of the arm image 4f 'with respect to the coordinates of the tip portions 4fa' and 4fb 'is known from the structural diagram of the steel tower 3, the tip portion 4f'
When the actual length between a 'and 4fb' is divided by the coordinate difference, the actual length per dot of the image in the X-axis direction can be obtained. From the actual length (resolution) per dot, the center axis of the tower 3 is set to the origin 0 of the X axis.
Then, the actual lengths 21 and 22 at the right end and the left end on the screen are obtained.
Similarly, the actual heights of the upper end 23 and the lower end 24 of the Y-axis on the screen are determined using the coordinate values of the tip portions 4da 'and 4fa'. Therefore, the angle-of-view range 20 of the solid-state camera 9, that is, FIG.
The coordinates of the shaded area can be found. An imaginary line entering an area 26 connecting the angle-of-view range 20 and the camera mounting point 25 of the solid-state camera 9 is an imaginary line image 5a displayed in FIG.
', 5b'.

By obtaining the angle-of-view range 20 in FIG. 4, the above-mentioned “TLT-5 Overhead Wire Construction Standard Manual”
Can easily be calculated by applying the different length method of the sag calculation method described on page 228 of the above.

In the different length method, as shown in FIG. 6, the observation dimension a, which allows the overhead line 5a to be seen through the low support point tower 1 and the high support point tower 3,
If b is measured, the sag d can be obtained by the following equation (1). √a + √b = 2√d (1)

That is, from the captured image, the observation dimensions a, b
If the length corresponding to is obtained, the sag d can be calculated. Here, the observation dimension a is a height difference between the solid camera 9 and the support point of the low support point side tower 1, and the observation dimension b is an overhead line sag from the support point of the high support point side tower 3 and the solid camera 9. It is the height difference from the observation point on the tower 3 on the high support point side that sees the bottom.

The lengths Lb and Mb shown in FIG. 7 are easily found in correspondence with the angle-of-view range 20 by examining the Y coordinates of the sag bases 5ab 'and 5bb' of the camera image shown on the left in FIG. be able to. One length La, Ma is camera position 2
If 5 is known, it can be easily obtained. Therefore, the sag can be calculated from the above equation (1).

Normally, if the solid-state camera is fixed and the orientation is determined, and thereafter the orientation of the solid-state camera is not changed, the angle-of-view range is always the same and never changes. Therefore, once the operation for obtaining the angle of view range is performed, there is no need to perform this operation thereafter. Even if only this input operation is manually performed, if the sag bottom of the electric wire can be automatically obtained, the sag calculation can be automatically performed.

In the process of extraction of the sagging bottom, first, the image processing areas 27 and 28 shown in FIG. 9 are set. This area 27, 2
8 is determined by assuming a variation value in which the sag variation of the overhead lines 5a and 5b is assumed. It can be obtained by reversing the process of the sag calculation method. In the set processing areas 27 and 28, the areas are binarized and only the overhead line images 5a 'and 5b' are extracted from the background. This eliminates the need to perform image processing on all areas of the overhead line images 5a 'and 5b'. After these settings are made for the transmitted overhead line images 5a 'and 5b', the overhead line images 5a 'and 5a' in the binarized area are set.
The coordinates of the lowest point of 5b 'are automatically obtained, the sag is automatically calculated by the personal computer 17 using the value, and the display unit 17a
To be displayed.

Since the calculation is performed by the personal computer 17, it is easy to record the calculated value. Further, by transmitting this value to a drum field or an engine field, the operator can directly check the value and adjust the overhead wire tension to adjust the sag. Therefore, when the overhead line cannot be lowered to a certain degree of sagging or less when the important object is traversed not only at the time of the tension line but also during the extension line, the processing areas 27 and 2 are used.
8 is set to that value, and the overhead line 5
A warning is issued by the warning means 17 when the sagging bottom of a and 5b cannot be extracted.

By photographing the specified inspection target as shown in FIG. 10, even if the observer does not climb directly to the tower,
Inspection can be performed by viewing the images under the tower. Audio can also be transmitted wirelessly, so when checking for loose bolts with a torque wrench, the operating sound of the torque wrench can also be sent along with the image, so the bolts can be checked for tightening. . Also, regarding the sag of the overhead wire,
It can be measured by the method described below. Image recording unit 15
Inspection can also be recorded by recording in.
Images transmitted under the tower are also transmitted wirelessly,
By sending it to a drum or engine site, it is possible to inspect all towers just by being at the drum or engine site. By doing so, the inspector does not need to go up to the inspection tower each time, and since images are sent to the same place, there is no need to move, and workers with equipment should be placed at each tower. If it is possible, many inspections can be performed in a short time, and the inspection time can be shortened.

In the above example, the image processing unit 16 is connected to the personal computer 1
Although the image processing unit 16 is displayed separately from the image processing unit 7, the image processing unit 16 may be built in the personal computer 17 and configured as shown in FIG.

[0048]

According to the overhead line sag monitoring method of the present invention, an overhead line supported by being loosened over an adjacent steel tower is
Photographed by the photographing means from one of the towers, the obtained image data is transmitted, the overhead image portion is extracted by the image processing section, and the sag of the overhead line is determined using the extracted overhead image portion. Since the calculation is performed and the calculation result is displayed, it is possible to measure the sag of the overhead line on a safe ground without placing an observer on the tower. In this overhead wire sag monitoring method, the sag of the overhead wire is displayed as a numerical value, so that the sag can be monitored quantitatively.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory diagram of spans for monitoring sag in an example of an embodiment of a configuration of an overhead wire sag monitoring apparatus that implements an overhead wire sag monitoring method according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a side view showing a configuration of a tower installation device section installed on the tower in this example.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing a configuration of a ground installation device installed on the ground in the present embodiment.

FIG. 4 is an image diagram showing an example of a photographed image photographed by a solid-state camera of a tower installation device in this example.

FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram of an angle of view range photographed by a solid-state camera of a tower installation device in this example.

FIG. 6 is an explanatory diagram of a different length method for calculating a sag in the present example.

FIG. 7 is an explanatory diagram of a height difference required for calculating a sag in this example.

FIG. 8 is a diagram illustrating a comparison between a height difference required for calculating a sag and a photographed image in this example.

FIG. 9 is an explanatory diagram of an image processing area in a captured image.

FIG. 10 is an explanatory diagram of a tower inspection.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Low support point tower 2a-2c arm 3 High support point tower 3 'High support point tower image 4a-4c Arm 4d', 4f 'Arm image 4da', 4fa ', 4fb' Tip part 5a-5c Overhead line 5a'- 5c 'overhead line image 5ab', 5bb 'sag bottom 6 tower installation unit 7a, 7b magnet 8 movable arm 9 solid camera 9a lens unit 10 cable 11 transmitter 12 ground installation unit 13 receiving antenna 14 receiver 15 video Recording unit 16 Image processing unit 17 Personal computer (personal computer) 17a Display unit 18 Alarm means 19 Captured image 20 Image range 21 and 22 Actual length 23 Upper end of Y axis 24 Lower end of Y axis 25 Camera attachment point 26 Area 27, 28 Image Processing area

Continued on the front page F-term (reference) 5C086 AA52 BA30 CA24 CA28 CB27 CB36 DA02 DA10 DA33 EA08 EA11 EA41 EA45 FA18 5C087 AA09 AA22 AA24 AA25 BB20 BB65 BB72 DD03 DD20 EE12 EE13 FF01 FF19 GG19 FF18 GG18

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. An overhead line supported by being loosened over an adjacent steel tower is photographed from one of the steel towers by a photographing means, and the obtained image data is transmitted to the overhead line by an image processing unit. An overhead line sag monitoring method characterized by extracting a line image portion, calculating a sag of the overhead line using the extracted aerial line image portion, and displaying the calculation result. 2. The method of calculating the sag of the overhead wire is performed by calculating a height difference between the photographing means and an overhead wire supporting point of a tower supporting the photographing means by a, and an overhead wire supporting point of an opposite tower. The sag d is obtained from √a + √b = 2√d, where the height difference b from the observation point on the opposite side of the tower that looks over the sag bottom of the overhead line from the photographing means. Item 4. The overhead line sag monitoring method according to Item 1. 3. The overhead line sag according to claim 1 or 2, wherein when the sag calculation result exceeds a certain range, the judging means judges an abnormality and issues an alarm from an alarm means. Monitoring method. 4. The overhead line sag monitoring method according to claim 1, wherein a solid-state camera is used as said photographing means.