JP2000317847A - Finishing tool and finishing work method - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To facilitate the finishing work for a groove shape part by changing the expansion of a cap type grinding wheel while forming cutting oil exhaust nozzles and adjusting the pressure of cutting oil, and to carry out cutting and grinding works on the table of NC metal cutting machine tool, to integrate the works and to improve the production efficiency of the work. SOLUTION: A finishing tool 10 is provided with a holder main body 11 with cutting oil passage 23, and a cap type of grinding wheel 13 attached on the other end of the holder main body 11. The cap type of grinding wheel 13 is provided with wheel grains 26 in a ball type elastic body 24 and with plural cutting oil exhaust nozzles 28 on the tip. The finishing work can be made in the following method. The finishing tool 10 is attached on the spindle 66 of the machine tool. The grinding is carried out jetting cutting oil supplied from the spindle 66, from the cutting oil exhaust nozzle 28 on the cap type of grinding wheel 13. At this time, the shape of the cap type of grinding wheel 13 can be varied through the change of the supply pressure of cutting oil.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a grinding tool, and more particularly to a finishing tool having a bag-shaped grinding wheel.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, a finishing tool to which a bag-shaped grinding wheel is attached is disclosed in Japanese Utility Model Laid-Open No. 61-195970, "Abrasive Tool". According to FIG. 2 of the publication, the polishing tool 1 has a polishing boss 4 attached to a rotating boss 3 (the reference numeral used is the one described in the publication).
Is a hollow body made of soft plastic. The polished ball 4 is kept spherical by enclosing a fluid (air pressure, liquid) in the sphere 9 and inflating it. The rotating boss 3 is attached to a polishing machine, and the work is polished while rotating the polishing ball 4 together with the rotating boss 3.

[0003]

In the above structure, the fluid pressure acts to constantly inflate the sphere 9 and deforms elastically, so that the polishing ball 4 fits into the curved surface of the work. However, it is not possible to follow a narrow groove because the deformation performance is limited. For this reason, it must be said that the finishing tool disclosed in the above publication is not suitable for finishing a work having a complicated shape.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a finishing tool and a finishing method suitable for finishing a work having a complicated shape.

[0005]

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention provides a holder body having a cutting oil passage through which cutting oil can flow from one end to the other end, and an outer periphery of a thin spherical elastic body. A finishing tool is composed of abrasive grains on the surface, a plurality of cutting oil jet holes at the tip of the spherical elastic body, and a bag-shaped grindstone attached to the other end of the holder body. By forming a cutting oil passage in the holder body, the cutting oil is supplied to the bag-shaped grindstone. Also, a plurality of cutting oil jet holes are formed at the tip of the bag-shaped grindstone, and while circulating the cutting oil, the pressure in the bag-shaped grindstone is controlled to adjust the tension of the spherical elastic body.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, the finishing tool according to the first aspect is mounted on a spindle of a machine tool, and grinding is performed while jetting cutting oil supplied through the spindle from a cutting oil jet hole of a bag-shaped grindstone. The shape of the bag-shaped grindstone is changed by changing the supply pressure of the cutting oil. When the shape of the bag-shaped grindstone is changed, it is easy for the bag-shaped grindstone to follow the workpiece. When the supply pressure of the cutting oil is low, the tension of the spherical elastic body is weak, and the degree of freedom of deformation is large. on the other hand,
When the supply pressure is high, the tension of the spherical elastic body is strong, and acts to maintain the shape of the spherical elastic body itself. Since the shape of the bag-shaped grindstone is continuously changed according to the shape of the work, it is easy to follow the work.

[0007]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings should be viewed in the direction of reference numerals. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a finishing tool according to the present invention. A finishing tool 10 includes a holder main body 11, a rod 12 attached to the holder main body 11, and a bag-shaped grindstone 13 attached to the rod 12. The bag-shaped grindstone 13 is automatically attached via a holder body 11 to a machining center 14 which is an NC machine tool. Next, the finishing tool 10 will be specifically described.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a tool holding device according to the present invention. The finishing tool 10 includes a holder body 11 having a cutting oil passage 23 through which cutting oil can flow from one end 21 to the other end 22. Abrasive grains 26 are provided on the outer peripheral surface 25 of the thin spherical elastic body 24, two cutting oil ejection holes 28, 28 are provided at the tip 27 of the spherical elastic body 24, and the rod 12 is attached to the other end 22 of the holder main body 11. And a bag-shaped grindstone 13 attached through the intermediary.

The holder body 11 has a tapered shape (for example, J
IS-B6101), a flange portion 32 formed adjacent to the shank portion 31, a cylindrical portion 33 formed adjacent to the flange portion 32, and a cylindrical portion 3
3 and a collet 34 fitted into the taper 3
4 is a collet holder including a nut 35 for tightening the nut 4. 36 is a stopper. C1 indicates the axis center of the holder main body 11.

The nut 35 has a retainer 37 and a ball 38 which are fitted to the collet 34. The stopper 36 has a hole 39 formed in the center thereof, and is a member for adjusting the amount of protrusion L1 of the rod 12.

The rod 12 comprises a supply hole 43 through which cutting oil can flow from one end 41 to the other end 42, and a grindstone mounting portion 44 formed on the outer surface of the other end 42. 45 is a band for stopping the bag-shaped grindstone 13. The cutting oil ejection hole 28 is a hole opened near the axis center C1 of the holder main body 11.

The operation of the above-mentioned finishing tool will be described below. 3 (a) to 3 (c) are action diagrams of the finishing tool according to the present invention. In (a), the machining center 14
The bag-shaped grindstone 13 is attached via the holder main body 11, and the low-pressure cutting oil 51 is supplied by the cutting fluid supply device of the machining center 14 as shown by the arrow, and the bag-shaped grindstone 13 is rotated. The cutting oil 51 passes through the cutting oil passage 23 and the rod 12
Through the supply hole 43 of the cutting oil jet hole 2 of the bag-shaped grindstone 13
The work W is reached from 8, 28 as shown by the arrow.

When the cutting oil jet holes 28 are formed in the bag-shaped grindstone 13, the pressure inside the bag-shaped grindstone 13 can be controlled while circulating the cutting oil. When low-pressure cutting oil 51 is supplied,
As described above, the force applied to the inner surface of the bag-shaped grindstone 13 is small, and the bag-shaped grindstone 13 is not stretched by the cutting oil 51. When the bag-shaped whetstone 13 is pressed against the work W, the bag-shaped grindstone 13 is stretched by the pressing, so that it can easily follow the work W. When the cutting oil ejection holes 28, 28 are formed in the vicinity of the axis center C1 of the holder main body 11, the cutting oil 51 directly reaches the abrasive grains 26 cut into the work W, thereby suppressing the clogging of the grindstone, removing the cutting powder, The function of the cutting oil 51 such as cooling can be sufficiently exhibited, and the production efficiency is improved.

In FIG. 3B, when the pressure of the cutting oil 51 is set at a medium pressure to a high pressure, the force applied to the inner surface of the bag-shaped grindstone 13 is increased, and the bag-shaped grindstone 13 is extended. Grinding of the curved surface is performed while following the curved surface of the work W with the spherical bag-shaped grindstone 13. Also, when the bag-shaped whetstone 13 is pressed on a curved surface,
Since the thin spherical elastic body 24 of the bag-shaped grindstone 13 absorbs the push-up, a large grinding resistance is not applied to the rod 12, the rod 12 does not vibrate (chatter), and a desired surface roughness is secured. be able to.

In (c), after the pressure of the cutting oil 51 is reduced to a low pressure and the bag-shaped grindstone 13 is put into the U-shaped groove of the work W, the pressure is increased to a medium pressure, and the tension is applied to the bag-shaped grindstone 13. Then, grinding is performed while following the U-shaped groove. As described above, since the pressure in the bag-shaped grindstone 13 is changed, the shape of the bag-shaped grindstone 13 can be changed according to the shape of the work W.
It is easier to imitate the bag-shaped grindstone 13 into the shape of the work W.

Next, a finishing method using the finishing tool according to the present invention will be described. FIG. 4 is a first explanatory view of the finishing method according to the present invention. In the upper left part of the drawing, X is the moving direction of the table, Y is an axis orthogonal to X, and Z is a vertical axis orthogonal to X and Y. The machining center 14, which is an NC machine tool, includes a base 61, a table 62 movably mounted on the base 61 in the X-axis direction, columns 63 arranged on both sides of the table 62 at an upper part, and a column 63. A fixed cross rail 64, a main shaft portion 65 movably attached to the cross rail 64 in the Y-axis direction,
A spindle 66 (main shaft) provided on the main shaft portion 65 so as to be movable in the Z-axis direction, a cutting fluid supply device 67 for supplying cutting oil via the spindle 66, and three axes of X, Y, and Z axes A control panel 68 and an operation panel 69 for controlling the movement (cutting conditions) of the tool, and an automatic tool changer (ATC) 72 for exchanging a plurality of cutting tools 71. W is the table 62
This is the work attached above.

The automatic tool changer 72 includes a tool magazine 73 and a changer arm 74. The tool magazine 73 stores a plurality of cutting tools 71 in advance. The cutting fluid supply device 67 can set the supply pressure of the cutting oil in three stages of low pressure, medium pressure and high pressure, or arbitrarily set the pressure.

The cutting tool 71... And the finishing tool 10 are stored in the tool magazine 73, and the created NC program is input to the control unit (online or FD). Since the holder main body of the finishing tool 10 is formed in the tapered shank portion and the flange portion, the finishing tool 10 can be easily stored in the tool magazine 73 without interfering with the ready-made tool magazine 73.

FIGS. 5A to 5C are second explanatory views of the finishing method according to the present invention. 5A, the work W is set at a predetermined position on the table 62 of the machining center 14, the cutting tool 71 is attached to the spindle 66, and the work W is cut. When the cutting of the work W is completed,
The spindle 66 leads to an automatic tool changer.

In (b), the automatic tool changer 72 changes the tool from the cutting tool 71 to the finishing tool 10. Specifically, first, one end 75 of the changer arm 74 in the automatic tool changer 72 is fitted to the flange 76 to which the cutting tool 71 is attached, and descends as shown by the arrow, and the spindle 6
6 is removed from the cutting tool 71. Next, the changer arm 74 rotates as shown by the arrow, and the finishing tool 10 previously pulled out of the tool magazine and hung on the other end 77 is made to face the spindle 66. Then, changer arm 7
4 rises as shown by the arrow, the shank portion 31 of the finishing tool 10 is fitted to the spindle 66, and the bag-shaped grindstone 13 is mounted. When the tool change is completed, the spindle 66 leaves the automatic tool changer 72 and faces the work.

Since the flange portion 32 is formed on the finishing tool 10, the tool can be changed by the automatic tool changing device 72, and no labor is required. Further, since the shank portion 31 is formed, the finishing tool 10 can be attached to the spindle 66 of the machining center 14.

In (c), the finishing tool 10 facing the work W continuously performs the grinding of the work W according to the NC program. The grinding is performed while jetting the cutting oil 51 supplied via the spindle 66 from the cutting oil jet holes 28 of the bag-shaped grindstone 13. Since the bag-shaped grindstone 13 follows the work W by controlling the supply pressure of the cutting oil 51, complicated feed control of the spindle 66 (in the Z-axis direction) is not required.
As a result, the feed (offset) control of the spindle 66 is facilitated, so that the grinding can be performed by the machining center 14.

Cutting oil 5 supplied via spindle 66
When grinding is performed while jetting 1 from the cutting oil ejection holes 28 of the bag-shaped grindstone 13, the shape of the bag-shaped grindstone 13 is changed like a virtual line by changing the supply pressure of the cutting oil 51. Since the groove and the plane are ground only with the finishing tool 10, the production efficiency is improved.

The work W is cut by the cutting tool of the machining center 14, the tool is changed from the cutting tool to the finishing tool 10, and the work W is subsequently ground by the finishing tool 10. Since the cutting process and the grinding process are performed on the table 62 of the machining center 14, there is no need to transport the work W, and the labor for transporting the work W can be saved. In addition, finishing tool 10
Since the axis center C1 is concentric with the spindle 66, the NC program of the cutting tool can be used, the offset can be easily offset by a predetermined distance, and the creation of the NC program does not take much time.

FIGS. 6A to 6C are third explanatory views of the finishing method according to the present invention. In (a), the supply pressure of the cutting oil 51 supplied via the spindle 66 is set to a low pressure. When the cutting oil 51 is circulated at a low pressure, it is easy for the bag-like grindstone 13 to follow the shape of the work W.

In (b), when the supply pressure of the cutting oil 51 is arbitrarily set at a low pressure to a high pressure, the grindstone 1
It is easy to imitate 3. As a result, the bag-shaped whetstone 13
The groove-shaped portion having a groove width T smaller than the outer diameter D can be easily ground. In this manner, the finishing process is performed while changing the supply pressure of the cutting fluid supply device in accordance with the shape of the workpiece W.

In (c), a deep groove-shaped portion is finished with the bag-shaped grindstone 13. Since the supply pressure of the cutting oil 51 is arbitrarily set to a low pressure to a high pressure to change the shape of the bag-shaped grindstone 13,
The bag-shaped grindstone 13 easily follows the shape of the work W and absorbs grinding resistance. As a result, a large grinding resistance is not applied to the rod 12, and the rod 12 can be lengthened (a protruding amount is large) to grind a deep groove.

The dimensions, quantity and position of the cutting oil ejection holes 28 shown in FIG. 2 according to the embodiment of the present invention are arbitrary. Further, the holder main body 11 is not limited to the collet holder, and the rod 12 is not limited to the straight, and may be, for example, tapered. Although the cutting oil passage is formed at the center of the axis of the holder main body, the cutting oil passage may be formed in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the holder main body depending on the NC machine tool, and can be supplied from the cutting fluid supply device of the NC machine tool. Any configuration may be used.

[0029]

According to the present invention, the following effects are exhibited by the above configuration. In claim 1, a cutting oil passage is formed in the holder main body, and a bag-like grindstone of a spherical elastic body is attached to the holder main body,
Since a plurality of cutting oil ejection holes are formed at the tip of the spherical elastic body, it is easy to adjust the pressure in the bag-shaped grindstone. Since the tension of the bag-shaped grindstone is adjusted by the pressure of the cutting oil to change the shape of the bag-shaped grindstone, finishing of a work having a complicated shape is easy.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, a finishing tool is mounted on a spindle of a machine tool, and when grinding is performed while cutting oil is being injected from a cutting oil ejection hole, a supply pressure of the cutting oil is changed so that a grinding wheel of a bag-like shape is formed. Change the shape. When the shape of the bag-shaped grindstone is changed, it is easy for the bag-shaped grindstone to follow the shape of the work. In addition, since the supply pressure of the cutting oil is changed to cause the workpiece to follow the shape of the bag-shaped grindstone, there is no need to control the feed of the spindle in a complicated manner, and grinding can be performed by the NC machine tool. As a result, after cutting the work with the cutting tool of the NC machine tool, the tool was changed from the cutting tool to the finishing tool,
Work can be ground with a bag-shaped whetstone. Since cutting and grinding can be performed on the table of the NC machine tool, there is no need to transport the work to the polishing machine unlike the related art, and further, there is no need to set up the work, and the time required for polishing is reduced. Therefore, the processing can be centralized and the production efficiency of the work can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a finishing tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the tool holding device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an operation diagram of the finishing tool according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a first explanatory view of a finishing method according to the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a second explanatory view of the finishing method according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a third explanatory view of the finishing method according to the present invention;

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Finishing tool, 11 ... Holder main body, 13 ... Bag-shaped grindstone, 14 ... Machine tool (machining center), 21 ... One end, 22 ... Other end, 23 ... Cutting oil passage, 24 ... Spherical elastic body, 25 ... Outer peripheral surface, 26: abrasive grains, 27: tip, 28: cutting oil ejection hole, 51: cutting oil, 66: spindle.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Takuya Ishiguro 1-10-1 Shinsayama, Sayama-shi, Saitama Honda Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Isao Ito 1-10-1 Shin-Sayama, Sayama-shi, Saitama F-term (reference) in Da Engineering Co., Ltd. 3C063 AA02 AB02 BA22 BH09 BH32 EE40 FF18

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. A holder main body having a cutting oil passage through which cutting oil can flow from one end to the other end, an abrasive grain on an outer peripheral surface of a thin spherical elastic body, and a plurality of cuttings at a tip of the spherical elastic body. A finishing whetstone having an oil ejection hole and being attached to the other end of the holder body. 2. The cutting tool according to claim 1, wherein the finishing tool is mounted on a spindle of a machine tool, and the cutting oil is supplied from the spindle through a cutting oil jet hole of a bag-shaped grindstone to perform the grinding. A finishing method comprising changing the shape of a bag-shaped grindstone by changing the supply pressure of oil.