JP2000316753A - Heating device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve efficient heat conduction regardless of contact or non- contact by providing a contact part and a non-contact part with a human body in a seat back part and arranging a heater in the non-contact part, which efficiently emits radiant heat. SOLUTION: When the heater 5 is energized, its temp. is raised and infrared rays are radiated from the heater 6 depending on the temp. Since a reflection board 7 is disposed at the side of the heater 5, which is not opposed to the human body, even the infrared rays which are emitted to the side which does not face the human body among the ones from the heater 5 are transmitted to the side which faces the human body. Besides, since insulating layers 8 and 9 are disposed at the side opposing the human body in the heater 5 and at the side which does not face the heater in the reflection board 7, heat conduction from the heater 5 hardly occurs, a temp. difference between the heater 5 and an insulated layer 6 becomes larger and a radiation amount from the heater 5 to the layer 6 is increased. A part of the infrared-rays directly arrives at the back and the waist of the human body which are positioned in parallel with the seat back part 2 through the insulated layer 6.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heating device for warming the back and waist installed on an appliance used for sitting, and a backrest provided with a contact portion with a human body and a non-contact portion, and the non-contact portion is provided on the non-contact portion. The present invention relates to a heating apparatus provided with a heater that efficiently emits radiant heat.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, it has been proposed to arrange a heater on the back and back of a human body sitting on a device used for sitting to heat the body. Also, in the toilet, in addition to heating the back of the human body, it has been proposed to heat the surface of the toilet seat that is in contact with the toilet lid when the toilet lid is closed by using a heater disposed on the toilet lid instead of the heater disposed on the toilet seat. ing.
According to these, heat can be transferred from the heater to the back of the human body from the heater in a state of mainly contacting the backrest in the case of a chair and mainly in a non-contact state in the case of a toilet lid, and the human body is seated while sitting. The back of the human body can be comfortably spent by being heated.

[0003]

However, in the case of a chair and a toilet lid, the heat transfer is not always only one of contact and non-contact. In the case where heat transfer is performed in contact with the human body, if the temperature of the contact surface is too high, the human body may be burned. Therefore, it is necessary to lower the temperature of the contact surface. However, in the case of performing heat transfer in a non-contact manner with the human body, if the radiation surface temperature is such that the human body is not burned, the effect of giving the human body warmth cannot be expected.

In addition, as in the case of heat transfer to the surface of the toilet seat, if it is assumed that the heat transfer from the heat source disposed on the toilet lid to the back of the human body is contact, a large sitting posture is required when the user tries to contact. It was very inconvenient to use because it had to lean back and contact. Also,
When the toilet lid is closed, heat radiation from the toilet seat surface moves to the atmosphere from the gap between the toilet bowl and the toilet lid, so that most of the heat is lost.

The present invention has been made in view of these circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a heating device that efficiently transfers heat regardless of contact or non-contact.

[0006]

Means for Solving the Problems and Action / Effects The invention according to claim 1 made in order to solve the above problems,
In a heating device that warms the back, and the waist installed in appliances used for sitting applications, a backrest portion is provided with a contact portion with a human body and a non-contact portion, and a heater that efficiently emits radiant heat is provided in the non-contact portion. It is characterized by the following. When a heating device is provided on the backrest, heat may be transferred in both the contact state and the non-contact state. When heating the human body by heat transfer in a contact state, that is, heat conduction, the human body must always be in contact with the backrest, but heat transfer in a non-contact manner
That is, when the human body is heated by radiation, the human body only needs to be in the direction of radiation from the heater, even if the human body is not in contact with the backrest.

[0007] In the case of heating from the back while sitting, the positional relationship between the heating device and the human body and the distance between the heating device and the human body are within a substantially constant range, and the radiation direction from the heater can be determined in a constant direction. Therefore, in the present invention, in the heating device for warming the back and the waist installed in the appliance used for sitting use, the backrest is provided with a contact portion with the human body and a non-contact portion, and emits radiant heat to the non-contact portion. By providing the heater, even if the human body leans behind the backrest, the contact part supports the human body so that it does not touch the radiating surface, allowing efficient and safe heat transfer to the human body. Can provide warmth. Further, by using a heater that efficiently emits radiant heat, heat transfer in a non-contact state can be performed more efficiently.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, an insulating layer is provided on a side of the heater facing the human body, and a material having a high transmittance in an infrared region is used for the insulating layer. In the present invention, by providing the insulating layer on the side of the heater facing the human body, electric shock when the human body touches the heater installation portion, external damage to the heater, and the like can be avoided. In addition, by using a material having a high transmittance in the infrared region for the insulating layer, infrared rays emitted from the heater penetrate the insulating layer and directly reach the human body, so that the human body can be efficiently heated, You can get warmth immediately.

According to a third aspect of the present invention, in the heating device, a reflector is provided on a side of the heater not facing the human body, and a heat insulating layer is provided on a side opposite to a reflection surface of the reflector. . In the present invention, in the heating device, by providing the reflector on the side of the heater not facing the human body, the heater reflects the infrared rays radiated from the heater to the side not facing the human body and changes the direction to the facing side. By providing the heat insulating layer on the opposite side of the reflecting surface of the reflecting plate, it is possible to prevent heat from being transferred to the side not facing the human body by conduction. In addition, when the reflector is made thinner to reduce the heat capacity, and when the heat insulating layer is an air layer, the amount of heat loss that moves to the side not facing the human body by conduction and radiation from the heater can be minimized. .

According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the heating device, the thickness of the insulating layer is set to be less than the penetration depth of infrared rays. In the heating device, by making the thickness of the insulating layer less than the penetration depth of infrared rays, a part of the infrared rays radiated from the heater can directly reach the human body. It takes time from the start of energization to the heater to the time when the insulating layer is heated by the conduction heat from the heater and the surface of the insulating layer emits infrared rays. However, in the present invention, the distance at which the incident infrared light attenuates by a factor of 10 is defined as the penetration depth, and if the thickness of the insulating layer is less than the penetration depth, all the radiant heat from the heater is transmitted through the insulating layer. Because part of the radiant heat from the heater directly reaches the human body without being absorbed, immediately after energization is started, even if the surface temperature of the insulating layer does not reach the predetermined temperature, warm the human body. Can be done.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the heating device, a layer having a low thermal conductivity is provided between the heater and the insulating layer.
The thermal conductivity is lower than that of the insulating layer. The amount of infrared radiation is proportional to the fourth power difference between the radiating surface temperature and the radiated surface temperature, and therefore increases dramatically when the temperature difference between the heater and the insulating layer increases. As more infrared light enters the insulating layer, the amount of transmission increases accordingly, and the amount reaching the human body also increases. In the present invention, by providing a layer having a lower thermal conductivity than the insulating layer between the heater and the insulating layer in the heating device, it is possible to improve the rising temperature characteristic after the start of energization to the heater.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in the heating device, the insulating layer is made of a material having a high thermal conductivity, and the heat transfer coefficient is made higher than a layer adjacent to a side of the heater not facing the human body, A layer having a high infrared emissivity is provided on the surface of the insulating layer. According to the present invention, in the heating device, the thermal conductivity of the insulating layer is higher than that of the layer adjacent to the heater not facing the human body, and a layer having a high infrared emissivity is provided on the surface of the insulating layer. Accordingly, the amount of heat transmitted from the heater can be quickly transferred to the surface of the insulating layer, and infrared rays can be emitted from the surface of the insulating layer having a high emissivity.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, in the heating device, the heater and the insulating layer are integrated.
In the present invention, in the heating device, by integrating the heater and the insulating layer, the heat of the heater can be efficiently transferred to the insulating layer. Radiation can be increased.

According to the present invention, the material of the surface of the heating device on the side facing the human body is provided with a layer having a low heat transfer coefficient, and the heat transfer coefficient is lower than that of the insulating layer. The surface roughness is made larger than that of the insulating layer. When heating by radiation in a non-contact state, it is necessary to raise the radiation surface temperature in order to obtain the radiation amount sufficient for the human body as a heating device, but the human body accidentally touched the radiation surface Sometimes you may get burned. In the present invention, the material of the surface of the heating device on the side facing the human body has a low thermal conductivity, or the surface roughness is increased, so that the heat transfer coefficient on the contact surface with the human body is an insulating layer. By lowering the temperature, it is possible to prevent a human body from being burned when the human body touches the surface of the heating device in a short time by not giving a sufficient amount of heat to the human body.

The invention according to claim 9 is characterized in that the heating device is provided on the toilet lid of the heating toilet seat device. By installing the heating device on the toilet lid of the heating toilet seat device, when sitting on the toilet seat, the human body and the toilet lid are mostly in non-contact, and heating from the back by the toilet lid depends on radiation However, since it is conceivable that the body may lean on the toilet lid, it is necessary for the human body or the heater or the radiation surface to be in non-contact even when the body is left on the toilet lid. In the present invention, by having a contact surface that supports the human body when leaning on the toilet lid and a non-contact surface that emits infrared rays, the user can efficiently sit on the toilet seat in the toilet, Can be heated, and heating from the back can be performed safely.

According to a tenth aspect of the invention, a heat insulating cushion material is used as a material of a contact portion of the heating device with a human body,
When the toilet lid is closed, a gap between the toilet bowl and the toilet lid is shut off from outside air. The present invention uses a heat-insulating cushion material as a material of a contact portion of the heating device with the human body, and a gap between the toilet seat and the toilet is shut off from outside air when the toilet lid is closed,
Improves comfort when leaning on the toilet lid. When the toilet seat was not in use, the contact area between the toilet lid and the human body and the toilet seat surface were in close contact with each other, minimizing heat radiation from the toilet seat surface, and the toilet seat warmed the contact surface of the toilet lid with the human body and sat down. Warmth can also be obtained from the contact surface when leaning on the toilet lid in this state.

In the state of sitting on the toilet seat, a part of the back surface of the human body may directly touch the toilet lid, so that there is a risk of being burned when touching a certain portion of the heater. On the other hand, since there is no heater at the contact portion of the toilet lid, a touch is felt when the skin is directly touched. Therefore, the heater is provided only in the non-contact portion, and the contact portion is heated by conduction heat from the heating toilet seat surface when the toilet lid is closed, and when the seat is seated, the heated contact portion is heated by the heater provided in the non-contact portion. Both can provide warmth to the human body.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings.

[0019]

Embodiment 1 FIG. 1 shows a first embodiment, and FIG. 2 shows a sectional view of a heating device. 1 is a back heating device, 2 is a backrest, 3 is a radiation surface, and 4 is a contact surface. In FIG. 2, 5 indicates a heater, 6 indicates an insulating layer, 7 indicates a reflector, and 8 and 9 indicate heat insulating layers. The heater 5 has a high infrared radiation rate. The insulating layer 6 is made of a material having a high transmittance of the infrared ray radiated from the heater 5, has a thickness less than the penetration depth of the infrared rays, and has a surface planted with hairs. Heat transfer when the human body comes into contact.

Next, the operation will be described. When the heater 5 is energized, the temperature of the heater 5 rises, and infrared rays are emitted from the heater depending on the temperature. Since the reflector 5 is provided on the side of the heater 5 that does not face the human body, of the infrared rays from the heater 5 that are radiated to the side that does not face the human body,
, And heads toward the side facing the human body. Further, since the heat insulating layer 9 is provided on the side of the heater 5 facing the human body and on the side of the reflecting plate 7 not facing the heater, heat conduction from the heater 5 hardly occurs.
And the amount of radiation from the heater 5 to the insulating layer 6 increases. Part of the infrared radiation radiated to the insulating layer 6 passes through the insulating layer 6 and directly reaches the back and waist of the human body at a position substantially parallel to the backrest 2. The infrared rays that have reached the human body are absorbed from the surface of the skin to the warm receptors near 260 μm, except for those that are partially reflected on the skin surface, and a signal is sent from the warm receptors to which the heat has reached to the hypothalamus. And the human body can gain warmth.

In order for the human body to obtain warmth, the temperature near the lower part of the thalamus, that is, when the deep part temperature rises, naturally, even if the deep part temperature does not rise, if the heat is transmitted to the warm receptor, the thalamic part will be heated. The signal is sent to the bottom, so you can get warmth. According to the present embodiment, the infrared rays emitted from the heater 5 directly reach the human body and are absorbed and converted into heat at or near the warm receiver, so that the warmth is obtained almost at the same time as the temperature of the heater 5 increases. be able to. In addition, when a certain period of time has elapsed after the heater is energized, the temperature of the insulating layer rises due to radiant heat from the heater. When the surface temperature of the insulating layer increases, the temperature difference from the heater decreases, so the amount of infrared radiation from the heater decreases, and the amount of radiation that passes through the insulating layer and reaches the human body decreases. The amount of radiation increases. Therefore, the human body can be kept warm from immediately after energization until the steady state. The thermal conductivity of the insulating layer is 0.1 kcal / h.
・ M ・ deg or more. However, if the human body leans against the backrest when the temperature of the insulating layer surface is high in a steady state, there is a risk of being burned when directly in contact with the insulating layer. The portion where the heater is provided is one step lower than the contact surface, so that the human body does not come into contact with the heater even when leaned.

Further, even if the surface of the insulating layer is accidentally touched, heat transfer to the human body is poor because the surface of the insulating layer is planted, and the surface temperature of the insulating layer, which can occur in the present embodiment, is low. There is no risk of burns due to short-time contact. The surface layer of the insulating layer, which is a layer having a low heat transfer coefficient, has a heat transfer coefficient of less than 0.1 kcal / h · m · deg. According to the present embodiment, when sitting on a chair provided with a back heating device in the backrest portion, from the start of energization to a steady state, even in a leaning state, in a state in which the back and waist are separated from the backrest portion, the human body is warm. Can be obtained.

[0023]

Embodiment 2 FIG. 3 shows a second embodiment, FIG. 4 is a side view of a state where the toilet lid is closed, and FIG. 5 is a state where a cover is attached to the toilet lid. is there. 3 is a heating toilet seat device, 11 is a toilet seat, 12 is a toilet lid, 13 is a heater, 14
Is an insulating layer, 15 is a backrest, 16 is an open / close detection sensor, 17
Denotes a sitting sensor, 18 denotes a human body detection sensor, and the heater 13 has a high infrared emissivity.
The insulating layer 14 is made of a material having a high transmittance of infrared rays radiated from the heater 13 and has a thickness less than the depth of penetration of infrared rays. I have. In addition, a cushioning material having heat insulation properties is used for the backrest of the device 15. The shape of the cushioning material protrudes one side from the surface of the insulating layer 14 to the side facing the toilet seat. Then, the gap between the toilet lid and the toilet bowl is shut off from the outside air. The toilet seat 11 is always warmed by a built-in heater. In FIG. 4, 19 indicates a toilet seat, 20 indicates a backrest, and 21 indicates a toilet lid. Reference numeral 22 in FIG. 5 indicates a toilet lid cover, and a portion of the toilet lid cover 22 facing the heater is in a mesh shape and transmits infrared rays.

Next, the operation will be described. When the toilet lid 12 is closed, the backrest 15 is in close contact with the toilet seat 11, and the backrest 15 is warmed by heat transfer from the toilet seat surface. When a person enters the toilet and opens the toilet lid 12, the opening / closing detection sensor 16 detects this and energizes the heater 13 provided on the toilet lid 12, and the temperature of the heater 13 rises.
As the temperature of the heater 13 rises, infrared rays are emitted,
The part that has passed through the insulating layer 14 reaches the back and waist of the human body sitting on the toilet seat, is absorbed near the warm receptor and generates heat, and a signal is transmitted from the warm receptor that has received the heat to the hypothalamus. Sent. When the surface temperature of the insulating layer 14 rises due to infrared rays radiated from the heater 13 and absorbed by the insulating layer 14 and becomes steady, the heater 13
The temperature difference between the heater 13 and the insulating layer 14 is reduced, so that the amount of infrared rays incident from the heater 13 to the insulating layer 14 is reduced, and the amount of transmission depending on this amount is reduced. Warm. At this time, the surface temperature of the insulating layer 14 increases, and there is a possibility that the human body may be burned when touched by mistake. However, since the surface of the insulating layer 14 is planted with hair, contact of the burn in a short time may cause burns. Don't worry.

When the human body leans on the toilet lid 12, the backrest 15 is warmed by the toilet seat 11,
The human body is supported by the backrest 15, and warming can be obtained over a wide area of the back and waist by heating by radiant heat from a non-contact radiating surface. Furthermore, a seating sensor 17 and a human body detection sensor 18 may be provided in addition to the open / close detection sensor 16 so that the heater is energized only when a person is present in the toilet. In particular, if the switch of the seating sensor 17 and the switch of the heater 13 are linked, useless power consumption when not sitting down can be avoided even when using the toilet as in the case of a small boy.

In this embodiment, when the toilet seat 11 is seated,
In the state of leaning on the toilet lid 12, the heater 13 is brought into a steady state immediately after seating by the radiant heat from the backrest 15 of the cushion material warmed by the surface of the toilet seat, the heater 13, and the insulating layer 14 when the toilet lid is closed. Even after that, warmth can be obtained over a wide area of the back and waist. The heat loss from the surface of the toilet seat, which has been lost in the conventional toilet, can be effectively utilized by warming the backrest 15, and the toilet and the toilet lid 1 can be used.
The gap 1 is insulated from the outside air by the backing 15 having heat insulation to reduce heat radiation to the maximum. Also, since the heater 13 on the toilet lid 12 is energized only when the toilet is used, wasteful energy consumption is prevented.

Further, as shown in FIG. 5, a toilet lid cover 2 in which a portion facing the radiation surface of infrared rays has a mesh shape as shown in FIG.
By adding 2, it is possible to further reduce the thickness of the insulating layer 14 and to omit the flocking process on the surface of the insulating layer. Since the mesh portion can transmit infrared rays and prevent the radiation surface from being accidentally touched, the insulating layer 14 can be further thinned to increase the amount of transmitted radiant heat from the heater. The cost can be reduced by omitting the processing on the layer surface.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a diagram showing a first embodiment.

FIG. 2 is a diagram showing a cross section of a backrest.

FIG. 3 is a diagram showing a second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a cross section of the toilet lid.

FIG. 5 is a diagram in which a cover is attached to a toilet lid.

[Explanation of symbols]

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Back heating device, 2 ... Backrest part, 3 ... Radiation surface, 4 ...
Contact surface, 5: heater, 6: insulating layer, 7: reflector, 8, 9
... heat insulation layer, 10 ... heating toilet seat device, 11, 19 ... toilet seat, 1
2, 21 ... toilet lid, 13 ... heater, 14 ... insulating layer, 15,
Reference numeral 20: backrest, 16: open / close detection sensor, 17: seating sensor, 18: human body detection sensor, 22: toilet cover

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continuation of the front page (72) Inventor Hiroyuki Tsuboi 2-1-1 Nakajima, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu-shi, Fukuoka F-term (reference) 2D037 AB18 AD03 3B084 JA03 JF03

Claims (10)

[Claims] 1. A heating device for warming a back and a waist installed on an appliance used for sitting use, wherein a backrest portion is provided with a contact portion with a human body and a non-contact portion, and radiant heat is efficiently applied to the non-contact portion. A heating device provided with a heater for discharging. 2. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein an insulating layer is provided on a side of the heater facing the human body, and the insulating layer is made of a material having a high transmittance in an infrared region. 3. The heating device according to claim 2, wherein a reflection plate is provided on a side of the heater not facing the human body, and a heat insulating layer is provided on a side opposite to a reflection surface of the reflection plate. Heating system. 4. The heating device according to claim 3, wherein the thickness of the insulating layer is smaller than the penetration depth of infrared rays.
The heating device according to the item. 5. The heating device according to claim 4, wherein a layer having a low thermal conductivity is provided between the heater and the insulating layer, and the thermal conductivity is lower than that of the insulating layer. Heating system. 6. In the heating device, the insulating layer is made of a material having a high thermal conductivity, and the heat transfer coefficient is made higher than that of a layer adjacent to a side of the heater that does not face the human body. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein a layer having a higher emissivity than the insulating layer is provided. 7. The heating device according to claim 6, wherein the heater and the insulating layer are integrated in the heating device. 8. A material of the surface of the heating device on the side facing the human body is provided with a layer having a low thermal conductivity and the heat transfer coefficient is lower than that of the insulating layer, or the surface roughness is lower than that of the insulating layer. The heating device according to claim 2, wherein the heating device is large. 9. The heating device according to claim 1, wherein the heating device is provided on a toilet lid of a heating toilet seat device. 10. The air conditioner according to claim 1, wherein a heat insulating cushion material is used as a material of a contact portion of the heating device with a human body, and a gap between the toilet and the toilet lid is shut off from outside air when the toilet lid is closed. 10. The heating device according to claim 9.