JP2000316344A - Harvester for root vegetables - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To regularly take over leaves and stems of a root vegetable to an uprooting device, make the uprooting device so that the root vegetable can smoothly be uprooted, improve the operating efficiency, simplify a transmission mechanism of a foliage raking in device, reduce the production cost and provide a harvester to consumers at a low cost. SOLUTION: This harvester is obtained by installing an endless belt type foliage raking in device 2 on the front side of a root vegetable uprooting device 1 and making the lower part of a foliage raising up device 3 enter the inside of a revolving region of the endless belt of the foliage raking in device 2 as a first means and interlocking the foliage raking in device 2 from the front of the root vegetable uprooting device 1 in addition to the above constitution as a second means.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a root crop harvesting machine for extracting root crops such as carrots from the soil and harvesting them.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Generally, root vegetables such as ginseng and radish are cultivated on ridges, the root vegetable itself is located in the ground, and foliage is located on the ground.
In order to harvest the root vegetables cultivated in this manner, a method is employed in which the stem and leaves of the root vegetables are sandwiched and the root vegetables themselves are pulled out from the ground.

In recent years, such a harvesting operation has been mechanized. For example, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-308341, a pair of right and left clamping conveyance belts is attached to a body having an endless track belt. A root vegetable harvesting machine is provided which is provided with a root vegetable extracting device comprising: an endless belt-type foliage scraping device in front of the root vegetable extracting device, and a foliage raising device provided in front of the foliage scraping device. I have.

[0004] The foliage scraping device is configured to interlock with a rear end of the root vegetable extracting device via a separately provided drive shaft. In the root crop harvester configured in this way,
While the machine is moving forward, the foliage of the grown root vegetables is raised while loosening the entanglement by using the raising rug of the foliage raising device for raising the foliage. The root crop is pulled out by pulling it up from the ground by pulling it up and pulling it upwards after holding the foliage by the holding conveyor belt of the root crop extracting apparatus. In the extracted root vegetables, the foliage is cut off by a foliage cutting device provided on the machine body, and only the root vegetable body is stored on the machine body.

Further, as described in, for example, Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4-210511, a grounding wheel is provided below the front portion of the root crop extracting device, and the grounding wheel is moved up and down due to contact with the ground. Detects the ground height, and based on the detection result, moves the root crop extracting device up and down with respect to the body by operating the hydraulic cylinder, and adjusts the ground height (pulling action height) at the front of the root crop extracting device to the proper value. Attempts have been made to maintain control techniques.

[0006]

However, as described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 9-308341, in a configuration in which a foliage raising device is provided in front of a foliage scraping device, the foliage is converted into a foliage raising device. After the entanglement is caused by loosening, the stalk is scraped by the foliage scraping device.

[0007] For this reason, the foliage caused by the foliage raising device and once set in the upright posture falls down again when being scraped by the foliage raking device, and is regularly taken over by the holding and conveying belt of the root crop extracting device. Not be able to
There was a problem that the extraction of root vegetables could not be performed smoothly. In addition, since the foliage scraping device is configured to be linked via the drive shaft from the rear end of the root vegetable raising device, a transmission member such as a long drive shaft or a universal joint is required, and this transmission mechanism is required. It has a disadvantage that it is complicated, the production cost cannot be suppressed, and it cannot be provided to consumers at low cost.

[0008]

The present invention employs the following technical means to solve the above-mentioned problems.
That is, an endless band-type foliage scraping device 2 is provided in front of the root crop extracting device 1 according to claim 1, and the lower part of the foliage raising device 3 is inserted inside the endless band ticket circulation area of the foliage scraping device 2. Configuration of a root crop harvesting machine characterized by
An endless band-type foliage scraping device 2 is provided on the front side of the root crop extracting device 1 according to claim 2, and the lower part of the foliage raising device 3 is inserted inside the endless band ticket circulation area of the foliage scraping device 2. A root vegetable harvesting machine, wherein the foliage scraping device 2 is interlocked from the front of the root vegetable extracting device 1.

[0009] When performing a harvesting operation in such a root vegetable harvesting machine, the foliage of the cultivated root vegetable is raised by raising the rug of the foliage raising device 3 while moving the machine forward. Then, the foliage is raked by the foliage raking device 2 to be raked and taken over by the root extractor 1 on the rear side, and the foliage is gripped by the holding conveyor belt of the root extracter 1 and pulled upward. This pulls the root vegetables out of the ground. The extracted root vegetables can be appropriately adjusted, for example, by cutting the foliage with a foliage cutting device provided on the machine body and storing only the root vegetable body in the machine body.

However, since the lower part of the foliage raising device 3 is provided inside the endless belt ticket circulation area having the rag of the foliage raking device 2, the foliage of the root vegetables is not changed. Foliage scraping device 2 caused by device 3
, Or caused by the foliage raising device 3 while being scraped by the foliage raking device 2, and taken over by the root crop extracting device 1 on the rear side.

As a result, the foliage is systematically taken over by the holding / conveying belt of the root vegetable extracting device 1, and can be extracted smoothly. Further, since the foliage scraping device 2 is interlocked from the front part of the root crop extracting device 1, the transmission mechanism of the foliage scraping device 2 can be simply configured.

[0012]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the endless strip type scraping device 2 is provided on the front side of the root vegetable extracting device 1, and the endless strip turning device of the foliage scraping device 2 is provided. The root crop harvesting machine is characterized in that the lower part of the foliage raising device 3 is provided inside the area, so that the root crops can be systematically handed over to the root crop extracting device 1 and the root crop can be smoothly extracted. The work efficiency can be improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, an endless strip-type foliage scraping device 2 is provided in front of the root crop extracting device 1, and foliage raising is provided inside the endless-band ticket circulation area of the foliage scraping device 2. A root crop harvesting machine is provided in which the lower part of the apparatus 3 is inserted and the foliage scraping apparatus 2 is interlocked from the front of the root crop extracting apparatus 1. It is possible to improve the working efficiency as the root vegetables can be pulled out smoothly, and the transmission mechanism of the foliage scraping device 2 is simplified to reduce the manufacturing cost and reduce the cost for consumers. Could be provided.

[0014]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described. As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, and 3, a traveling body 4 of a root crop harvesting machine for harvesting carrots and the like has a wheel shaft end extending to both sides from a traveling mission 5 provided at a low front position. Are provided with running devices 8, 8 which are formed by winding rubber rollers 7, 7 around driving sprockets 6, 6 provided in the vehicle.

The traveling mission 5 is driven by an engine 9 mounted on the traveling vehicle body 4 and includes a steering clutch so that the driving state of the left and right traveling devices 8 can be disengaged and steered. I do. The traveling body 4 is provided with a control unit 11 having a driver's seat 10 on the front right side.
In a space extending from the left side of the control section 11 to the rear thereof, a root vegetable extracting device 1, a foliage scraping device 2, a foliage raising device 3, which will be described later, and a storage section 12 for storing harvested root vegetables are arranged.

Thus, the root vegetable extracting device 1 comprises a pair of left and right holding belts 1a, 1b,
The idler pulleys 14 and 14 supported by the drive pulleys 3 and 13 and the drive pulleys 16 and 16 supported by the transmission frame 15 on the terminal end side are wound around. In addition, the root vegetable extracting device 1 is provided on the left side of the traveling vehicle body 4 in an inclined position in which a starting end is located at a lower front portion facing the ground, and an end portion is located at an upper rear portion. Transmission case 1 from the bottom of frame 15
7 to pivotally connect to a fulcrum shaft 18 so as to be movable up and down.

The transmission frame 15 is composed of a pair of left and right neck alignment belts 19, 19, which are provided with each device described later, that is, a pair of left and right neck alignment belts extending rearward with the start end facing the end portion of the root crop extracting device 1. And the disc cutters 20 and 20, the tapping belts 21 and 21 inheriting carrots from the end portions of the neck alignment belts 19 and 19, and the leaf discharge belts 22 and 22 are supported so as to be transmittable from the lower transmission box 23. To be integrated.

Accordingly, a pair of left and right holding belts 1a,
The ginseng conveyed by 1b is carried over by a pair of neck alignment belts 19, 19 and is conveyed to the rear by being pinched and conveyed. The ginseng is transferred to the tapping belts 21 and 21 while being conveyed. The foliage is cut by 20, 20, and the foliage and the root vegetable main body are cut and separated. And the foliage after cutting is the leaf ejection belt 22,
22, the root vegetable body falls onto the lower conveyor belt 24, and the
By the drive of 4, the sheet is conveyed to the side and stored in the storage section 12.

As described above, each device integrally supported by the transmission frame 15 is configured to be able to move up and down with the fulcrum shaft 18 as a rotation fulcrum together with the root vegetable extracting device 1. Next, one of the L-shaped connecting rods 29 pivotally attached to a supporting body 28 fixed to the traveling vehicle body 4 at the tip end of a piston rod 27 of a hydraulic cylinder 26 provided on the traveling vehicle body 4 side. The side is connected, and the other side is extended obliquely forward and upward to be connected to the interlocking rod 30. And
The swing arm 31 is arranged along the traveling vehicle body 4 in the front-rear direction, the rear end is connected to the fulcrum shaft 18, and the front end is connected to the end of the interlocking rod 30. I do.

As described above, since the elevating device 25 has a series of interlocking structures, when the piston rod 27 of the hydraulic cylinder 26 expands and contracts based on an operation signal output from a controller 32, which will be described later, the L-shaped device is used. Linking rod 29, Linking rod 3
0, the fulcrum shaft 18 is rotated via the swing arm 31 and the transmission frame 15 is rotated via the transmission case 17 so that each device can be integrally lifted and lowered.

The foliage raising device 3 is provided as a pair of left and right sides.
The respective raising lugs 3a, 3a are arranged so as to protrude in the traveling direction (forward), the starting end is positioned forward of the starting ends of the holding belts 1a, 1b of the root crop extracting device 1, and the intermediate lower portion is positioned. It is connected and supported by a support receiving frame 33, and is connected and supported by a transmission cylinder 34 whose upper part is connected to the fulcrum shaft 18 and a horizontal transmission cylinder 35 extending laterally from the tip of the transmission cylinder 34. Then, the support receiving frame 33 is fixed to the supporting machine frame 13, and the transmission cylinder 34 is integrally formed with the transmission case 17 of the fulcrum shaft portion 18, whereby the pair of left and right foliage raising devices 3 and 3 are connected to the root vegetables. It is configured to rotate up and down together with the drawing device 1.

A bevel gear case 36 is provided at the connecting portion between the transmission cylinder 34 and the lateral transmission cylinder 35, and the transmission cylinder 34,
A transmission shaft (not shown) housed in the horizontal transmission cylinder 35 and a bevel gear (not shown) housed in the bevel gear case 36
As a result, the pair of left and right foliage raising devices 3, 3 are driven by the transmission case 1.
This is a configuration driven by transmission from the side 7. As shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, a pair of left and right endless belt-type foliage scraping devices 2 are also provided on the front side of the root vegetable extracting device 1.

The foliage scraping devices 2 and 2 are endless belt type rubber lug belts 36 and 36 having a large number of protrusions on the outer peripheral portion.
Are wound around the start and end pulleys 2a and 2a and the end and end pulleys 2b and 2b provided on the foliage raising devices 3 and 3 so as to be rotatable about the vertical axis. The end pulleys 2b, 2b of the foliage scraping devices 2, 2 are attached to the upper ends of the rotating shafts 38, 38 of the floating pulleys 14, 14 at the starting end of the root vegetable extracting device 1. With this configuration, when the driving pulleys 16, 16 at the end of the root vegetable extracting device 1 are rotationally driven, the holding belts 1a, 1b, the floating pulley 1,
4, 14; foliage scraping device 2 via rotating shafts 38, 38;
The trailing end pulleys 2b, 2b are driven to rotate, and the lug belts 36, 36 of the foliage scraping devices 2, 2 are driven.

Further, the foliage raising devices 3, 3 are provided inside the ticket circulation area of the rug belts 36, 36 of the foliage scraping devices 2, 2.
Of the foliage, and thereby the foliage raising device 3, 3
The lug belts 36, 36 of the foliage scraping devices 2, 2 are driven at the lower outer peripheral portion of the foliage, and the lug belts 36, 36 of the foliage raising devices 3, 3 in the range from the front to the rear of the raising action area of the raising lugs 3a, 3a. The scraping action by 36 is performed.

When performing a harvesting operation in such a root vegetable harvesting machine, while raising the traveling vehicle body 4, the foliage portions of the grown root vegetables are raised by the foliage raising devices 3 and 3. 3, while being raised by the upper operation, the rug belts 36, 36 of the foliage scraping devices 2, 2 scrape and take over to the root vegetables extracting device 1 on the rear side, and hold and transport the root vegetables extracting device 1. The stems and leaves are sandwiched by the belts 1a and 1b, and then pulled upward and upward, whereby the root vegetables are pulled out from the ground. The extracted root vegetables are cut off the foliage by the disk cutters 20 and 20 provided on the traveling vehicle body 4, and only the root vegetable main body is stored in the storage section 12.

The foliage raising devices 3, 3 are provided inside the ticket circulation area of the rug belts 36, 36 of the foliage scraping devices 2, 2.
Of the root vegetables,
While being caused by the raising lugs 3a, 3a of the foliage raising devices 3, 3, the rug belts 36 of the foliage scraping devices 2, 2,
Or foliage scraping device 2, 2
The pulling lugs 3a, 3a of the foliage pulling devices 3, 3 cause the holding belts 1a, 1 of the root vegetable pulling device 1 on the rear side while being scraped by the rug belts 36, 36 of the rear.
b.

Thus, the foliage is regularly carried over by the holding belts 1a and 1b of the root vegetable extracting device 1, and can be smoothly extracted. When the drive pulleys 16, 16 at the end of the root vegetable extracting device 1 are driven to rotate, the holding belts 1a, 1b, the floating pulleys 14, 14, the rotating shaft 38,
38, the end pulley 2b of the foliage scraping device 2, 2
2b is driven to rotate and the lug belts 36, 36 of the foliage scraping devices 2, 2 are driven.
The second transmission mechanism can be simply configured.

The rear ends of the left and right weeding rods 39, 39 are located at the lower ends of the left and right foliage raising devices 3, 3, with the front portions of the weeding rods 39, 39 facing forward and downward. Attach so that The weeding rods 39, 39 are rod-shaped members bent in the shape of a letter when viewed from the side, and the bent portions are integrally provided with a raising guide portion that extends obliquely rearward and upward. Also, the front ends of the left and right takeover guide rods 40, 40 are fastened and fixed below the rear ends of the left and right weeding rods 39, 39. The left and right takeover guide rods 40, 40 are rod-shaped members bent in an inverted letter shape in a side view.
The rear end of the holding belt 40 is a free end.
It is arranged facing the upper end of the starting end of 1b. In the case of this configuration, the foliage caused by the foliage raising device 3, 3 is used for the root vegetable extracting device 1 by the transfer guide rods 40, 40.
Since the guides can be guided by the holding belts 1a and 1b, the foliage scraping devices 2 and 2 may not be provided.

As shown in FIGS. 6, 7, and 8, a V-shaped groove 14 around which the holding belts 1a, 1b are wound is provided in the floating pulleys 14, 14 at the start end of the foliage extracting device 1.
a, 14a and the V-shaped grooves 14a, 14a.
It is preferable to form the fitting grooves 14b, 14b near the upper side of a. Then, the plates 42, 42 fitted in the fitting grooves 14b, 14b are attached to the supporting machine frames 13, 13 supporting the floating pulleys 14, 14. The front edges of the plate bodies 42 are formed in an arc shape, and the arc portion is fitted into the fitting grooves 14b of the floating pulleys 14, 14. As a result, the foliage clamped and conveyed by the clamping belts 1a, 1b is moved from above the floating pulleys 14, 14 from above.
Intrusion between the V-shaped grooves 14a, 14a and the holding belts 1a, 1b can be prevented, and it is possible to prevent the winding belts 1a, 1b from becoming too tight and hindering the winding driving state. Further, such effects are promoted by the plate members 42, 42 acting as scrapers.
It is preferable that the driving pulleys 16 and 16 at the terminal end have the same configuration.

Numeral 43 denotes a soiler provided to excavate the side of the root vegetable main body in the soil to make it easy to pull out the root vegetable. Next, the height control of the foliage extracting device 1 by the controller 32 will be described. First, as shown in FIG. 17, the controller 32 has, on its input side, an ascending switch S1 (a switch for operating the foliage extracting device 1 to move up, the same applies hereinafter) and a descending switch S2 (operating to lower the foliage extracting device 1). Switch, the same applies hereinafter), a height setting dial 44, a height sensor 45, a vehicle speed sensor 46, and a position sensor S3 (a potentiometer for detecting a vertical relative angle between the traveling vehicle body 4 and the foliage extracting device 1). ) And are connected respectively. Then, the controller 32 has, on its output side,
Ascending solenoid valve 47 and descending solenoid valve 4
8 are connected to each other, and the valve of the hydraulic circuit for feeding oil to the hydraulic cylinder 26 is switched to the ascending side or the descending side.

Next, the height sensor 45 is attached to the lower part of the foliage raising device 1, and the movement of the free end which fluctuates up and down due to the ground resistance during the work traveling is transmitted to the potentiometer 50 via the rod 49. Tell the potentiometer 50
Is input to the controller 32. The height sensor 45 is formed in a plate shape, one end of which is pivotally connected to the upper pivot 51, and is always urged to the ground by a spring.

With this configuration, when the vehicle is moved forward by a predetermined distance while the root vegetables are being extracted, the traveling speed is input from the vehicle speed sensor 46 to the controller 32, and the height control is started. Then, the height sensor 45 that touches the field scene fluctuates up and down, the detection result from the potentiometer 50 is input to the controller 32, and the detected value is compared with the value set by the height setting dial 44. When the foliage extracting device 1 is lower than the set height, an output is made from the controller 32 to the raising switch S1, the hydraulic cylinder 26 is extended, and the foliage extracting device 1 is raised. On the other hand, when the foliage extracting device 1 is higher than the set height, an output is sent from the controller 32 to the lowering switch S2, and the hydraulic cylinder 26
Is reduced, and the foliage extracting device 1 descends. by this,
The height above the ground of the foliage extracting device 1 can be maintained at the set height. Further, the foliage extracting device 1 is raised by manual operation when the operation on one side of the field is completed and the next side is rotated, but when the foliage extracting device 1 is lowered when the operation on the next side is resumed, the position sensor S3 is used. Based on the detected height, it is possible to automatically lower the foliage extracting device 1 to the set operation height.

As shown in FIGS. 9 and 10, the height sensor 45 includes two wide band plates 45a, 45a.
May be connected by a hinge so as to be relatively rotatable. By using such wide band plates 45a, even if the unevenness of the field scene is severe, hunting of height control can be prevented without excessively detecting the unevenness. Further, by disposing the height sensor 45 on the rear side of the soiler 43, the strip 45a on the free end side detects the height while leveling mud excavated and raised by the soiler 43. Becomes stable.

As shown in FIGS. 11 and 12, the height sensor 45 has a pivot arm 51 at a pivot point 51. As shown in FIG.
The arm 52 may be provided so as to be integrally rotated, and the rod 49 may be interlocked via the rotating arm 52. And
By forming the rotating arm 52 to be relatively long, when the foliage extracting device 1 is at an appropriate working height of about 200 mm from the field scene, the detection value of the potentiometer 50 is within the entire detection range. Median (30 degrees if the entire detection range is 60 degrees)
Set so that As a result, the amount of change in the detection value of the potentiometer 50 per unit rotation angle of the height sensor 45 can be increased, and the accuracy of height control can be improved. The height sensor 45 does not rotate to the vertical posture when the foliage extracting device 1 is largely raised to the non-working height, and the next time the foliage extracting device 1 is lowered, it is prevented from sneaking into the field scene. Is done.

As shown in FIGS. 13 and 14, the height sensor 45 is configured such that two strips 45a, 45a are slidably overlapped with each other and fastened with a bolt 53, so that the total length thereof can be adjusted. Good to do. Thereby, the height above the ground of the foliage extracting device 1 (the excavation depth of the soiler 43) can be adjusted. As shown in FIG. 15, a hardness sensor 54 for detecting the hardness of the field scene is provided.
, The width of the dead zone of the height control may be automatically adjusted based on the detection result. In this case, the supporting machine frame 1
3, the other end of a sensor arm 56 having a notch 55 at its tip is pivotally mounted on a swing fulcrum 57 so as to be vertically swingable. It is configured to detect by a potentiometer 59 via a rod 58. When the field scene is soft and the cutting wheel 55 sinks into the field scene and the sensor arm 56 swings down more than the set amount, the width of the dead zone of the height control is increased. On the other hand, when the field is hard and the cutting wheel 55 does not sink into the field scene and the sensor arm 56 does not swing downward from the set amount, the width of the dead zone of the height control is reduced. When the hardness of the field scene is standard and the sensor arm 56 swings downward only by the set amount, the width of the dead zone of the height control is not changed.
As described above, by automatically adjusting the width of the dead zone provided above and below the control target value set by the height setting dial 44, the height control according to the field conditions can be stably performed.

As a means for adjusting the width of the dead zone, as shown in FIG. 16, the foliage extracting device 1 is lowered from the non-working position, and the potentiometer at the time when the height sensor 54 comes into contact with the ground is used. The difference between the detected value of the potentiometer 50 and the average value (moving average) of the detected values of the potentiometer 50 detected during this period from when the vehicle travels for a predetermined distance or for a predetermined time is calculated. The larger the size, the larger the width of the dead zone of the height control. As described above, since the determination can be made after traveling the field condition for the predetermined distance or the predetermined time and the appropriate dead zone width can be set, the height control according to the field condition can be performed more stably.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall side view of a root crop harvesting machine according to an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an overall side view of the root crop harvesting machine according to the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an overall plan view of the root crop harvester in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is an explanatory side view of a main part in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a plan view of a main part in the embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a partial side view for explanation.

FIG. 7 is a partial plan view for explanation.

FIG. 8 is a partial cross-sectional view.

FIG. 9 is a partial side view for explanation.

FIG. 10 is a partial plan view for explanation.

FIG. 11 is a partial side view for explanation.

FIG. 12 is a partial plan view for explanation.

FIG. 13 is a partial side view for explanation.

FIG. 14 is a partial plan view for explanation.

FIG. 15 is a partial side view for explanation.

FIG. 16 is an explanatory diagram of a detected height value.

FIG. 17 is a basic control block circuit diagram.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Root vegetable extracting device 2 Foliage scraping device 3 Foliage raising device

Claims (2)

[Claims] 1. An endless strip type leaf scraping device 2 is provided in front of a root vegetable extracting device 1, and a lower portion of the leaf leaf raising device 3 is provided inside the endless band ticket circulation area of the foliage scraping device 2. A root crop harvester characterized by the following. 2. An endless strip-type leaf scraping device 2 is provided in front of a root vegetable extracting device 1, and a lower portion of the leaf-leaving device 3 is provided inside the endless band ticket circulation area of the foliage scraping device 2. A root vegetable harvesting machine, wherein the foliage scraping device 2 is interlocked from the front of the root vegetable extracting device 1.