JP2000308965A - Tool holding device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To absorb vibration of a rod by cutting oil and to reduce vibration of a grinding wheel by storing the rod in a through hole opened on a grinding wheel guide free to move in the axially orthogonal direction and flowing the cutting oil in a clearance between the rod and the through hole. SOLUTION: Cutting oil 92 passes a cutting oil passage 34 and reaches a grinding wheel 11 from a clearance S2 between a grinding wheel guide 22 and rod 15 through cutting oil holes 44, 44 of a grinding wheel holding member 21. As pressure is applied on the rod 15 when the cutting oil 92 reaches the clearance S2 between the grinding wheel guide 22 and the rod 15, it is possible to floating-hold the grinding wheel 11 by force F2 to hold against grinding resistance in the X axis (or Y axis) direction and to carry out grinding work. Simultaneously, as the cutting oil 92 absorb vibration of the rod 15 while receiving the rod 15, it is possible to provide desired surface roughness as vibration of the grinding wheel 11 is extremely small.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a tool holding device for holding a grindstone used for grinding.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A tool holding device for holding a grindstone is disclosed, for example, in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 8-168901, "Polishing Tool". According to FIG. 1 of the publication, the shank member 2 is fitted to a polishing tool base 1 (the reference numeral used is the one described in the publication), and the shank member 2 is attached to the polishing tool. The spacer member 5, the coil spring 6, and the rectangular cylindrical body 4 of the grindstone member 3 are sequentially assembled so as to cover them, and these are further covered with a cylindrical cover member 7. The spacer member 5 adjusts the length of the polishing tool, and the length of the tool can be adjusted by combination with the shank member 2.

[0003]

In the above structure, since the outer surface of the shank member 2 is covered with the rectangular cylinder 4 and the cylindrical cover member 7, the thickness of the cylindrical cover member 7 is increased. Narrow grooves cannot be ground with a thick polishing tool. Also, if the groove is deep, the amount of protrusion of the grindstone increases (the shank member 2 becomes longer), and the vibration increases, so that the short shank member 2 is used.
, It becomes difficult to secure the desired surface roughness. If the vibrations increase and the surface roughness cannot be ensured, it is necessary to grind manually or with new dedicated grinding equipment.

[0004] Furthermore, the above-mentioned publication polishing tool is used by mounting a polishing tool base 1 on a polishing device. After the work is cut, it is necessary to transport the work to the polishing device, and the work of mounting the work to the polishing device also occurs, which is troublesome and reduces production efficiency.

Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a tool holding device which can obtain a desired surface roughness even when the amount of protrusion of the grindstone is large, and which has a high work production efficiency.

[0006]

In order to achieve the above object, a first aspect of the present invention is to provide a whetstone holding member attached to a base of a rod having a whetstone at its tip, a whetstone holding member, and a cutting oil passage. The holder main body provided, a lid-shaped grindstone guide attached to the holder main body to prevent the removal of the grindstone holding member housed in the holder main body, and the grindstone holding member movably housed in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rod by a predetermined distance. For this purpose, a tool holding device is constituted by a housing portion of the holder main body or the grindstone guide formed in the grindstone guide, and a through hole opened for penetrating the rod through the grindstone guide.

A tool holding device is mounted on an NC (Numerical Control) machine tool, and a workpiece is ground while supplying cutting oil to a grindstone through a central portion of the tool holding device. The cutting oil passes from the cutting oil passage through the through hole of the grindstone guide, and reaches from the through hole to the work.
At this time, the rod is housed movably in the direction perpendicular to the axis in the through hole opened in the grindstone guide, and the cutting oil is configured to flow through the gap between the rod and the hole, so if a large external force acts on the grindstone, The rod moves in a direction perpendicular to the axis. Since the rod is not easily broken, the tool holding device can be kept in a good state.

Further, since the cutting oil is a good vibration absorber, the vibration transmitted from the grindstone to the rod can be attenuated by the cutting oil, and the surface roughness can be improved.

Generally, a workpiece is subjected to “cutting” with a cutting tool, and then subjected to “grinding” with a grinding tool.
In order to change the tool at this time, it is necessary to adjust the position of the grinding tool or input information to the NC machine tool at the start of grinding, and perform cutting and grinding continuously while changing tools with one NC machine tool. Has difficulties. In this regard, in the present invention, since the rod is held in a floating state via the cutting oil, the grindstone can be made to follow the workpiece, and as a result,
Cutting and grinding can be performed continuously while changing tools with one NC machine tool.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. The drawings should be viewed in the direction of reference numerals. FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tool holding device according to the present invention.
Is a holder for movably holding the grindstone 11 automatically through a holder body 13 to a machining center 12 which is an NC machine tool. Next, the tool holding device 10 will be specifically described.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of a tool holding device according to the present invention. The tool holding device 10 includes a whetstone holding member 21 attached to a base 16 of a rod 15 having a whetstone 11 at its tip.
And a holder body 13 for accommodating the whetstone holding member 21
And a lid-like grindstone guide 22 attached to the holder body 13 to prevent the whetstone holding member 21 housed in the holder body 13 from being pulled out. 23 is a spring.

The holder body 13 is tapered (for example, J
IS-B6101), a flange portion 32 formed adjacent to the shank portion 31, a cylindrical portion 33 formed adjacent to the flange portion 32, and a cylindrical portion 33 penetrating from the shank portion 31. And a cutting oil passage 34. C1 indicates the axis center of the holder body 13. Cylindrical part 33
Has a tapered fitting hole 35 and an end portion 36 of the fitting hole 35. The rod 15 has an outer diameter d and a length L1, and has a large slenderness ratio (L1 / d). L2 is the amount of protrusion. C2 indicates the axial center of the rod 15.

The whetstone holding member 21 includes a main body 41, a rod mounting hole 42 formed in the center of the main body 41, two stop holes 43 (only one is shown) penetrating the rod mounting hole 42, The two cutting oil holes 44 (only one is shown) formed outside the mounting hole 42, the first two-faced portion 45 formed in the main body 41, and the engaging portion 46 formed at the end of the main body 41 Become.

The grindstone guide 22 has a tapered fitting shaft 51.
And a storage portion 52 formed at one end of the fitting shaft 51, a flange portion 53 formed at the other end, and a through hole 54 opened at the center of the flange portion 53 to allow the rod 15 to pass therethrough. 5
5 is a bolt. C3 indicates the axial center of the grinding wheel guide 22.

The fitting shaft 51 has the same taper as the fitting hole 35 of the cylindrical portion 33. By making the taper of the fitting hole 35 and the taper of the fitting shaft 51 the same,
The axis center C3 of the grinding wheel guide 22 is easily aligned with the axis center C1 of
And it can be matched exactly.

The storage portion 52 has a bottom portion 56 and a second two-sided portion 57 formed therein. The storage portion 52 stores the grindstone holding member 21 so as to be movable by a predetermined distance S1 in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rod 15, and is provided in the axial direction. Can also be moved, and transmit torque. The predetermined distance S1 is a state in which the axis center C2 of the rod 15 matches the axis center C1 of the holder body 13,
This is the distance from the first two-sided portion 45 to the second two-sided portion 57.

The through hole 54 is a hole having an inner diameter D obtained by adding at least twice the predetermined distance S1 to the outer diameter d of the rod 15. S
2 is a gap. Note that the storage section 52 may be formed in the holder body 13.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 of FIG. 2, in which the rod 15 is passed through the through hole 54, a gap S2 is formed between the through hole 54 and the rod 15, and four bolts 55 are formed. ·············· indicates that the grindstone guide 22 is attached.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 of FIG. Stop hole 4
3 and 43 are formed so as to face each other, and set screws 58 and 58 are screwed into these set holes 43 and 43, whereby the grindstone holding member 2 is formed.
Attach rod 15 to 1.

By forming the cutting oil holes 44 and 44 so as to face each other, the cutting oil is guided to the grinding wheel guide 22 side. The dimensions of the first two-sided part 45 are formed with the two-sided width W1 and the second two-sided part 5 is formed.
The predetermined distance S1 is formed by forming the dimension 7 with the two-face width W2. In addition, the second two-sided portion 57 contacts the first two-sided portion 45 to transmit the rotational force to the rod 15.

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of the grindstone holding member and the grindstone guide according to the present invention.
1, a first circular portion 61 is formed, and the first circular portion 61 is subjected to a double chamfering process with a flat surface width W 1, and a rod mounting hole 42, cutting oil holes 44, 44, and a hook portion 46 are formed in the main body 41. This shows that the pressure receiving surface 62 is formed, while the second circular portion 63 is formed in the storage portion 52. The first circle 61 and the second circle 63 form a predetermined distance S1 (see FIG. 4).
By applying the spring 23 to the engaging portion 46, the storage portion 5
The whetstone holding member 21 is pressed against the second bottom 56.

The operation of the above-described tool holding device will now be described. FIG. 6 is a first operation view of the tool holding device according to the present invention, and shows machining of a workpiece by an NC machine tool. In the upper left of the figure, X is the moving direction of the table, Y is an axis orthogonal to X, and Z is a vertical axis orthogonal to X and Y. The machining center 12 which is an NC machine tool has a base 71.
A table 72 mounted on the base 71 so as to be movable in the X-axis direction; a column 73 disposed on the upper side from both sides of the table 72; a cross rail 74 fixed to the column 73; A main shaft portion 75 movably mounted in the axial direction, a main shaft 76 movably provided in the main shaft portion 75 in the Z-axis direction, and three main shafts X, Y, and Z axes.
It comprises a control panel 78 and operation panel 79 for controlling the movement of the shaft (cutting conditions), and an automatic tool changer (ATC) 82 for exchanging a plurality of cutting tools 81. W is a work mounted on the table 72.

The automatic tool changer 82 comprises a tool magazine 83 and a changer arm 84. The tool magazine 83 stores a plurality of cutting tools 81 in advance. The cutting tool 81 ... and the tool holding device 10 (with the grinding wheel 11 mounted) are stored in the tool magazine 83, and the created NC program is input to the control unit (online or FD).
Etc.) Since the holder main body of the tool holding device 10 is formed in a tapered shank portion and a flange portion, the tool magazine 8 is not interfered with the ready-made tool magazine 83.
3 can be easily stored.

FIGS. 7A to 7C are second operation diagrams of the tool holding device according to the present invention. 1A, a work W is set at a predetermined position on a table 72 of a machining center 12, a cutting tool 81 is attached to a main shaft 76 (spindle), and the work W is cut. When the cutting of the workpiece W is completed, the spindle 76 reaches the automatic tool changer.

In (b), the tool is changed from the cutting tool 81 to the tool holding device 10 by the automatic tool changing device 82.
Specifically, first, one end 85 of the changer arm 84 in the automatic tool changer 82 is fitted to the flange portion 86 to which the cutting tool 81 is attached, descends as indicated by the arrow, and removes the cutting tool 81 from the main shaft 76. Next, the changer arm 8
Reference numeral 4 rotates as indicated by the arrow, so that the tool holding device 10 previously removed from the tool magazine and hung on the other end 87 faces the main shaft 76. Subsequently, the changer arm 84 rises as indicated by the arrow, and the shank portion 31 of the tool holding device 10 is fitted to the main shaft 76, and the grindstone 11 is mounted. When the tool change is completed, the spindle 76 separates from the automatic tool changer 82,
Go to work.

Since the flange portion 32 is formed in the tool holding device 10, the tool can be changed by the automatic tool changing device 82, and no labor is required. Further, since the shank portion 31 is formed, the tool holding device 10 can be attached to the main shaft 76 of the machining center 12.

In (c), the tool holding device 10 facing the work W continuously performs the grinding of the work W according to the NC program. The work W is cut by the cutting tool of the machining center 12, the tool is changed from the cutting tool to the tool holding device 10, and the work W is subsequently ground by the tool holding device 10. Table 7 of machining center 12
2 performs cutting and grinding on the workpiece W
There is no need to carry the garbage, which saves the trouble of carrying. Since the axis center of the tool holding device 10 (the axis center of the holder main body 13 and the axis center of the grindstone guide 22) is concentric with the main shaft 76, it is possible to use the NC program of the cutting tool and easily offset by a predetermined distance. Yes, it takes no time to create an NC program.

FIGS. 8A and 8B are third operation views of the tool holding device according to the present invention. (A) is a grinding process for a plane having a narrow and deep groove, and (b) is a grinding process for a curved surface having small irregularities. In (a), the tool holding device 10 facing the work W on the table 72 starts grinding of the plane surface 91 by the NC program. Specifically, the cutting fluid 92 is supplied from the center of the main shaft 76 by the cutting fluid supply device of the machining center 12 as shown by the arrow. The cutting oil 92 passes through the cutting oil passage 34, passes through the cutting oil holes 44, 44 of the grinding stone holding member 21, and reaches the grinding stone 11 from the gap S2 between the grinding stone guide 22 and the rod 15 as shown by an arrow.

When the main shaft 76 is rotated, the second two-surface portion 5
7 comes into contact with the first two-surface portion 45, and the grindstone 11 rotates.
The main shaft 76 is lowered (in the Z-axis direction) to bring the grindstone 11 into contact with the flat surface 91, and further, the main shaft 76 is fed (down) to a position where the grindstone holding member 21 is separated from the bottom 56 of the storage portion 52 by a distance S3 (down), and the grinding process is performed. I do.

When the cutting oil 92 is supplied, the grinding wheel holding member 2
Since the pressure is applied to the first pressure receiving surface 62, the pressing force F1 is generated, and the grindstone 11 can be pressed against the grinding resistance in the Z-axis direction. The whetstone 11 is slightly worn and abraded, but since the cutting oil 92 is constantly pressing the whetstone 11,
There is no need to feed the main shaft 76 in the Z-axis direction following a small amount of wear. When the grindstone 11 is worn and the distance S3 is reduced, it is only necessary to lower the main shaft 76 (in the Z-axis direction). As a result, the feed (offset) control of the spindle 76 is facilitated, so that the machining center 12 can perform the grinding.

When the cutting oil 92 reaches the gap S2 between the grindstone guide 22 and the rod 15, pressure is applied to the rod 15 as shown by an arrow, and a force for holding the rod 15 around the axis is generated, and the X-axis ( Or, the grinding wheel 11 can be floated and held by the holding force F2 against the grinding resistance in the (Y-axis) direction, and the grinding can be performed. At the same time, since the cutting oil 92 absorbs the vibration of the rod 15 while receiving the rod 15, the vibration of the grindstone 11 is extremely small, and a desired surface roughness can be obtained. Therefore, the protrusion amount L
Even if the number 2 is increased, the vibration of the grindstone 11 is extremely small, and the narrow and deep groove can be finished to a desired surface roughness by the tool holding device 10.

Further, since the cutting oil 92 is supplied from the gap S2, the cutting oil 92 flows along the rod 15, and
1 can be efficiently supplied with the cutting oil 92. As a result, functions of the cutting oil 92 such as suppression of clogging of the grindstone, removal of cutting chips, and cooling can be sufficiently exhibited. Until the cutting oil 92 is supplied, the grindstone holding member 21 is pressed against the bottom portion 56 of the storage portion 52 by the spring 23. Therefore, when the tool holding device 10 is assembled or stored in the tool magazine of the automatic tool changing device. And the tool holding device 10
The whetstone holding member 21 does not fall out of the storage part 52 even if the is turned upside down or up and down.

In (b), when the grindstone 11 reaches the convex portion 93, a large grinding resistance F3 is generated on the rod 15. Since the predetermined distance S1 and the gap S2 are formed in the whetstone guide 22, when the grinding resistance F3 becomes larger than the force F2 held by the cutting oil 92, the rod 15 is eccentric by the distance X1 and X
Absorbs the axial grinding resistance F3. There is no need to support a large force with the rod 15, and vibration is unlikely to occur. that time,
When the eccentricity is maximized, the holding member 21 comes into contact with the storage portion 52 and serves as a stopper, so that the rod 15 does not contact the through hole 54. Since an oil film is formed between the through hole 54 and the rod 15 with the cutting oil 92, vibration and abnormal noise can be prevented.

Further, a pressure receiving surface 62 is formed on the grindstone holding member 21, and the pressure of the cutting oil 92 is received on the pressure receiving surface 62 to control the pressing force F1 in the Z-axis direction. When the pressing force becomes larger than F1, the whetstone 1
1 and the grinding wheel holding member 21 move together with the distance Z1 (Z axis), and absorb the grinding resistance F4 in the Z axis direction. Since a large force applied to the rod 15 is absorbed, chatter (vibration) of the rod 15 and excessive pressing (cutting) of the grindstone 11 can be prevented. When the convex portion 93 is high, the main shaft 76 is controlled, but when the convex portion 93 is low, there is no need to control the main shaft 76. When passing through the convex portion 93, the spring 23 pushes the grindstone holding member 21, so that the grindstone holding member 21 descends, and the grindstone 11 continues the grinding process while following the workpiece W as shown by the imaginary line.

As a result, it is possible to simplify the vertical (Z-axis) feed control of the spindle 76, and to follow the workpiece W without complicatedly controlling the spindle 76 (creating the NC program of the Z-axis). Can be ground. Therefore, the tool holding device 1
By using 0, the machining center 1 can be easily obtained.
2 can perform the grinding process.

Further, by the tool holding device 10, the NC
Since free grinding like manual work can be performed with a machine tool, it is not necessary for the worker to keep the grinding posture for a long time, so that the burden on the worker can be reduced and the working efficiency of the grinding process can be improved. . In addition, since the cutting oil 92 is used to absorb the grinding force, no special hydraulic device or pneumatic device is required, and the production cost can be reduced.

Since the grinding can be performed at the machining center by the tool holding device 10, compared with a dedicated polishing machine,
Various types of workpiece shapes can be ground, improving production efficiency. Since the NC program for the grinding process is created by using the NC program for the cutting process, there is no need to create a program or teaching as in a polishing device or a robot, and the program creation is not troublesome.

It should be noted that the form of the storage portion 52 and the grindstone holding member 21 shown in FIG. 5 according to the embodiment of the present invention is not limited to this, and the point is that the rod 15 has the X-axis, Y-axis, and Z-axis. 3
What is necessary is just to be able to move in the axial direction and transmit the rotational force. The predetermined distance S1 movable in the X-axis and Y-axis directions is formed smaller than the gap S2 (S1 <S2).
The dimensions of 1 and the gap S2 are arbitrary, and the predetermined distance S1 may be increased (S1 ≧ S2). Further, the shape of the tapered shank portion 31 is arbitrary according to the NC machine tool. The NC machine tool is not limited to the machining center, but may be another NC machine tool. The rod was attached to the grindstone holding member with a set screw, but the rod attachment configuration is arbitrary. For example, it is also possible to form a screw on the whetstone holding member and the rod and attach them. Although the cutting oil passage is formed at the center of the axis of the holder main body, the cutting oil passage may be formed in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the holder main body depending on the NC machine tool, and can be supplied from the cutting fluid supply device of the NC machine tool. Any configuration may be used.

[0039]

According to the present invention, the following effects are exhibited by the above configuration. In claim 1, a whetstone rod is attached to the whetstone holding member, a cutting oil passage is formed in the holder main body, a whetstone guide is attached to the holder main body, and the housing portion and the through hole of the whetstone holding member are attached to the whetstone guide. Is formed so as to be able to move a predetermined distance in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the rod, the cutting oil supports the rod with the through hole, the cutting oil absorbs the vibration of the rod, and the vibration of the grindstone can be reduced. As a result, the work can be ground to a desired surface roughness even with a grindstone having a large amount of protrusion.

Also, since the holder body has a cutting oil passage and the grindstone rod is attached to the grindstone holding member, the hydraulic pressure of the cutting oil acts to press the grindstone holding member against the work.
A grindstone can be pressed against the work. Since it is not necessary to perform complicated control for pressing the grindstone to the work at a constant speed following the wear of the grindstone, grinding can be performed by the NC machine tool. As a result, after the work is cut by the cutting tool of the NC machine tool, the tool can be changed from the cutting tool to the tool holding device, and the work can be subsequently ground by the grindstone. Since cutting and grinding can be performed on the table of the NC machine tool, there is no need to transport the work to a polishing device as in the related art, and further, no work is required to set up the work, and grinding is not troublesome. Therefore, the processing can be centralized and the production efficiency of the work can be improved.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a tool holding device according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the tool holding device according to the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line 3-3 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line 4-4 in FIG. 2;

FIG. 5 is an exploded perspective view of a grindstone holding member and a grindstone guide according to the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a first operation view of the tool holding device according to the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a second operation view of the tool holding device according to the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a third operational view of the tool holding device according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

11 ... grinding stone, 13 ... holder body, 15 ... rod, 16 ...
Base, 21: grinding wheel holding member, 22: grinding wheel guide, 34 ...
Cutting oil passage, 52: storage section, 54: through hole, d: outer diameter (outer diameter) of rod, S1: predetermined distance, S2: gap.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Hideyuki Fukaya 1-10-1, Shinsayama, Sayama City, Saitama Prefecture Honda Engineering Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Isao Ito 1-10-1, Shinsayama, Sayama City, Saitama Prefecture Hong F term (reference) in Da Engineering Co., Ltd. 3C011 EE06 3C016 AA02 FA01 3C034 AA19 BB51 DD20 3C047 FF09 GG02

Claims (1)

[Claims] 1. A whetstone holding member attached to a base of a rod having a whetstone at its tip, a holder body accommodating the whetstone holding member and having a cutting oil passage, and a whetstone holding member housed in the holder body. A lid-shaped grindstone guide attached to the holder main body to prevent removal, and a whetstone holder formed on the holder main body or the grindstone guide for storing the grindstone holding member so as to be movable by a predetermined distance in a direction perpendicular to the axis of the rod. A tool holding device comprising: a housing portion for a member; and a through hole opened for allowing the rod to penetrate the whetstone guide.