JP2000304931A - Optical compensation sheet, elliptical plate, and liquid crystal display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To make accurately optically compensable by imparting optical uniaxial or optical biaxial property to a transparent supporting body and aligning discotic liquid crystal molecules in a state having a specified average tilt angle between the disc faces of the discotic liquid crystal molecules and the transparent supporting body. SOLUTION: A transmission type liquid crystal display device as an example consists of, in order from the back light BL side, a transparent protective film 1a, a polarizing film 2a, a transparent supporting body 3a, an optical anisotropic layer 4a, the lower substrate 5a of a liquid crystal cell, rodlike liquid crystal molecules 6, the upper substrate 5b of the liquid crystal cell, an optical anisotropic layer 4b, a transparent supporting body 3b, a polarizing film 2b, and a transparent protective film 1b. The transparent supporting body and optical anisotropic layer (3a to 4a, 4b to 3b) form an optical compensation sheet. In this case, the transparent supporting bodies 3a, 3b used have optical uniaxial or optical biaxial property. The discotic liquid crystal molecules are aligned at <5 deg. average tilt angle between the disc faces of the discotic liquid crystal molecules and the faces of the transparent supporting bodies 3a, 3b.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an optical compensatory sheet having an optically anisotropic layer formed of liquid crystal molecules, and an elliptically polarizing plate and a liquid crystal display using the same.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art A liquid crystal display device comprises a liquid crystal cell, a polarizing element, and an optical compensation sheet (retardation plate). In a transmission type liquid crystal display device, two polarizing elements are attached to both sides of a liquid crystal cell, and one or two optical compensation sheets are arranged between the liquid crystal cell and the polarizing element. In a reflection type liquid crystal display device, a reflection plate, a liquid crystal cell, one optical compensation sheet, and one polarization element are arranged in this order. The liquid crystal cell includes rod-like liquid crystal molecules, two substrates for enclosing the same, and an electrode layer for applying a voltage to the rod-like liquid crystal molecules. In the liquid crystal cell, the alignment state of the rod-like liquid crystal molecules is different. For the transmission type, TN (Twisted Nematic) and IPS (In-Plane Sw) are used.
itching), FLC (Ferroelectric Liquid Crysta)
l), OCB (Optically Compensatory Bend), STN
(Supper Twisted Nematic), VA (Vertically Align)
ed), ECB (Electrically Controlled Birefringenc)
e), TN, HAN (Hybrid Align)
Various display modes such as ed Nematic) and GH (Guest-Host) have been proposed.

[0003] Optical compensatory sheets are used in various liquid crystal display devices in order to eliminate coloring of images and to increase the viewing angle. As the optical compensation sheet, a stretched birefringent polymer film has been conventionally used. It has been proposed to use an optical compensation sheet having an optically anisotropic layer formed of discotic liquid crystalline molecules on a transparent support, instead of the optical compensation sheet made of a stretched birefringent film. Since discotic liquid crystal molecules have various alignment forms, it has become possible to realize optical properties that cannot be obtained by a conventional stretched birefringent polymer film by using discotic liquid crystal molecules.

[0004] The optical properties of the optical compensatory sheet are determined according to the optical properties of the liquid crystal cell, specifically, the above-mentioned difference in display mode. When discotic liquid crystal molecules are used, optical compensation sheets having various optical properties corresponding to various display modes of a liquid crystal cell can be manufactured. As optical compensation sheets using discotic liquid crystal molecules, ones corresponding to various display modes have already been proposed. For example, an optical compensatory sheet for a TN mode liquid crystal cell is disclosed in JP-A-6-214116, US Pat.
No. 5,83,679 and 5,646,703 and German Patent Publication 391620A1. Also,
The IPS mode or FLC mode optical compensation sheet for a liquid crystal cell is described in JP-A-10-54982. Further, an optical compensatory sheet for an OCB mode or HAN mode liquid crystal cell is described in US Pat. No. 5,805,253 and International Patent Application WO 96/37804. Further, an optical compensatory sheet for a liquid crystal cell in the STN mode is described in JP-A-9-26572. An optical compensation sheet for a VA mode liquid crystal cell is described in Japanese Patent No. 2866372.

[0005]

By using discotic liquid crystal molecules instead of the conventional stretched birefringent polymer film, it has become possible to optically compensate the liquid crystal cell more accurately than before. For example, for a liquid crystal cell (VA mode, OCB mode, HAN mode) having a large number of rod-like liquid crystal molecules oriented substantially vertically, the distance between the disc surface of the discotic liquid crystal molecules and the transparent support surface is reduced. If the discotic liquid crystal molecules are aligned in a state where the average tilt angle is less than 5 °, optical compensation can be effectively performed. However, according to the research of the present inventors, it is very difficult to completely optically compensate a liquid crystal cell without any problem even if discotic liquid crystal molecules are used. An object of the present invention is to provide an optical compensatory sheet capable of accurately optically compensating a liquid crystal cell having a large number of rod-like liquid crystal molecules oriented substantially vertically.

[0006]

The object of the present invention has been achieved by the following optical compensation sheets (1) to (5), an elliptically polarizing plate (6), and a liquid crystal display device (7). . (1) An optical compensation sheet having a transparent support and an optically anisotropic layer formed from discotic liquid crystal molecules, wherein the transparent support has optical uniaxiality or optical biaxiality, An optical compensation sheet wherein the discotic liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a state where the average tilt angle between the disk surface of the liquid crystal molecules and the surface of the transparent support is less than 5 °.

(2) When the transparent support is 10 to 1000 n
The optical compensation sheet according to (1), which has an in-plane retardation (Re) defined by the following formula in the range of m: Re = (nx−ny) × d where nx and ny are the in-plane refractive indices of the transparent support, and d is the thickness of the transparent support. (3) When the transparent support is in the range of 10 to 1000 nm,
The retardation in the thickness direction defined by the following formula (Rt
The optical compensation sheet according to (1), which has h). Rth = [{(nx + ny) / 2} −nz] × d where nx and ny are in-plane refractive indices of the transparent support, nz is a refractive index in the thickness direction of the transparent support, and d is the thickness of the transparent support. (4) The optical compensation sheet has an in-plane retardation (Re) defined by the following formula in the range of 20 to 200 nm.
The optical compensation sheet according to (1), comprising: Re = (nx−ny) × d where nx and ny are the in-plane refractive index of the optical compensation sheet, and d is the thickness of the optical compensation sheet. (5) The optical compensation sheet according to (1), wherein the optical compensation sheet has a thickness direction retardation (Rth) defined by the following formula in the range of 70 to 500 nm. Rth = [{(nx + ny) / 2} −nz] × d where nx and ny are in-plane refractive indices of the optical compensatory sheet, nz is a refractive index in the thickness direction of the optical compensatory sheet, and d is the thickness of the optical compensation sheet.

(6) A transparent support, an elliptically polarizing plate having an optically anisotropic layer formed from discotic liquid crystal molecules, a polarizing film and a transparent protective film, wherein the transparent support is optically uniaxial or optical. Characterized in that the discotic liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a state where the average tilt angle between the disk surface of the discotic liquid crystal molecules and the surface of the transparent support is less than 5 °. Polarizer. (7) A liquid crystal display device comprising a VA mode liquid crystal cell and two polarizing elements disposed on both sides thereof, wherein at least one of the polarizing elements is formed of a transparent support and discotic liquid crystal molecules. An elliptically polarizing plate having an anisotropic layer, a polarizing film and a transparent protective film, wherein the transparent support has optical uniaxiality or optical biaxiality, and the discotic liquid crystal molecules have a disc surface and a transparent support surface. Wherein the discotic liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a state in which the average tilt angle between them is less than 5 °.

[0009]

As a result of the research, the present inventors have found that the average tilt angle between the transparent support having optical uniaxiality or optical biaxiality and the discotic and transparent support surfaces of the discotic liquid crystalline molecules is small. By using together with an optically anisotropic layer in which discotic liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a state of less than 5 °, a liquid crystal cell having a large number of rod-like liquid crystal molecules oriented substantially vertically can be accurately optically polished. Succeeded in compensating. In the prior art, it has been attempted to optically compensate a liquid crystal cell having a large number of rod-like liquid crystal molecules oriented substantially vertically only by the optical anisotropy of the discotic liquid crystal molecules. Although discotic liquid crystal molecules have various alignment forms, optical compensation of a liquid crystal cell is limited only by discotic liquid crystal molecules. In the present invention, in addition to the optical anisotropy of the discotic liquid crystal molecules oriented at an average tilt angle of less than 5 °, the optical support of a transparent support having optical uniaxiality or optical biaxiality is provided. By utilizing the optical anisotropy, it is possible to accurately correspond (optically compensate) to the optical properties of a liquid crystal cell having a large number of rod-like liquid crystal molecules oriented substantially vertically. In addition to the liquid crystal cell, the polarizing film also has viewing angle characteristics. According to the study of the present inventors, use of a transparent support having optical uniaxiality or optical biaxiality (preferably optical biaxiality) is effective for compensating the viewing angle of a polarizing film.

[0010]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing the basic structure of a transmission type liquid crystal display device. In the transmission type liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 1A, a transparent protective film (1a), a polarizing film (2a), a transparent support (3a), an optically anisotropic layer ( 4a), the lower substrate of the liquid crystal cell (5a), the rod-like liquid crystalline molecules (6), the upper substrate of the liquid crystal cell (5b), the optically anisotropic layer (4b), the transparent support (3
b), a polarizing film (2b), and a transparent protective film (1b). The transparent support and the optically anisotropic layers (3a to 4a and 4b to 3b) constitute an optical compensation sheet. And
The transparent protective film, the polarizing film, the transparent support and the optically anisotropic layers (1a to 4a and 4b to 1b) constitute an elliptically polarizing plate. The transmission type liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 1B includes, in order from the backlight (BL) side, a transparent protective film (1a), a polarizing film (2a), a transparent support (3a), and an optically anisotropic layer ( 4
a), lower substrate of liquid crystal cell (5a), rod-like liquid crystal molecules (6), upper substrate of liquid crystal cell (5b), transparent protective film (1)
b), a polarizing film (2b), and a transparent protective film (1c). The transparent support and the optically anisotropic layer (3a to 4a) constitute an optical compensation sheet. The transparent protective film, the polarizing film, the transparent support, and the optically anisotropic layers (1a to 4a) constitute an elliptically polarizing plate.

The transmission type liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 1C has a transparent protective film (1) in order from the backlight (BL) side.
a), polarizing film (2a), transparent protective film (1b), lower substrate of liquid crystal cell (5a), rod-like liquid crystal molecules (6), upper substrate of liquid crystal cell (5b), optically anisotropic layer (4b) , Transparent support (3b), polarizing film (2b), and transparent protective film (1c)
Consists of Transparent support and optically anisotropic layer (4b-3
b) constitutes the optical compensation sheet. Then, a transparent protective film, a polarizing film, a transparent support and an optically anisotropic layer (4b to 1b)
c) constitutes an elliptically polarizing plate. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a basic configuration of a reflection type liquid crystal display device. The reflection type liquid crystal display device shown in FIG. 2 includes, in order from the bottom, a lower substrate (5a) of a liquid crystal cell, a reflector (RP), rod-like liquid crystal molecules (6), an upper substrate (5b) of a liquid crystal cell, and an optically anisotropic liquid crystal cell. A transparent layer (4), a transparent support (3), a polarizing film (2), and a transparent protective film (1). The transparent support and the optically anisotropic layer (4 to 3) constitute an optical compensation sheet. The transparent protective film, the polarizing film, the transparent support, and the optically anisotropic layer (4-1) constitute an elliptically polarizing plate. 1 and 2, the arrangement order of the optically anisotropic layer (4) and the transparent support (3) may be reversed.

[Transparent Support] In the present invention, a transparent support having optical uniaxiality or optical biaxiality is used. Transparent support means that the light transmittance is 80% or more. In the case of an optically uniaxial support, even if it is optically positive (the refractive index in the optical axis direction is larger than the refractive index in the direction perpendicular to the optical axis), it is negative (the refractive index in the optical axis direction is (Smaller than the refractive index in the vertical direction). In the case of an optically biaxial support, the refractive indices nx, ny and nz of the transparent support
Have different values (nxｎny ≠ nz). The in-plane retardation (Re) of the transparent support having optical uniaxiality or optical biaxiality is preferably 10 to 1000 nm, more preferably 15 to 300 nm, and more preferably 20 to 200 nm. Is most preferred. The retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction of the transparent support having optical uniaxiality or optical biaxiality is 10
To 1000 nm, preferably 15 to 30 nm.
0 nm, more preferably 20 to 200 nm.
Is more preferable. The in-plane retardation (Re) of the transparent support and the retardation in the thickness direction (R)
th) is defined by the following equations. Re = (nx−ny) × d Rth = [{(nx + ny) / 2} −nz] × d where nx and ny are in-plane refractive indices of the transparent support, and nz is the thickness of the transparent support. Is the refractive index in the direction, and d is the thickness of the transparent support.

As the transparent support having optical anisotropy, a synthetic polymer (eg, polycarbonate, polysulfone, polyether sulfone, polyacrylate,
Polymethacrylate, norbornene resin) is used. However, the use of (1) a retardation increasing agent described in European Patent No. 0911656 A2,
A cellulose ester film having optical anisotropy can be produced by (2) lowering the degree of acetylation of cellulose acetate or (3) producing a film by a cooling dissolution method. The transparent support made of a polymer film is preferably formed by a solvent casting method.

In order to obtain optical uniaxiality or optical biaxiality, it is preferable to carry out a stretching treatment on the polymer film. In the case of producing an optically uniaxial support, ordinary uniaxial stretching or biaxial stretching may be performed.
When producing an optically biaxial support, it is preferable to carry out an unbalanced biaxial stretching process. In unbalanced biaxial stretching, the polymer film is stretched in a certain direction at a fixed magnification (for example, 3 to 100%, preferably 5 to 30%), and at a higher magnification (for example, 6 to 200%, preferably, 5 to 30%) in a direction perpendicular thereto. (10 to 90%). The bidirectional stretching may be performed simultaneously. It is preferable that the stretching direction (the direction in which the stretching ratio is high in unbalanced biaxial stretching) and the in-plane slow axis of the stretched film be substantially the same. The angle between the stretching direction and the slow axis is
It is preferably less than 10 °, more preferably less than 5 °, and most preferably less than 3 °.

A transparent support having optical uniaxiality or optical biaxiality and a transparent support having optical isotropy (eg,
Cellulose acetate film).
The thickness of the transparent support is preferably from 10 to 500 μm, more preferably from 50 to 200 μm. In order to improve the adhesion between the transparent support and the layer provided thereon (adhesive layer, alignment film or optically anisotropic layer),
The transparent support may be subjected to a surface treatment (eg, glow discharge treatment, corona discharge treatment, ultraviolet (UV) treatment, flame treatment). An ultraviolet absorber may be added to the transparent support. An adhesive layer (undercoat layer) may be provided on the transparent support.
The adhesive layer is described in JP-A-7-333433. The thickness of the adhesive layer is preferably from 0.1 to 2 μm, more preferably from 0.2 to 1 μm.

[Alignment Film] The alignment film is formed by rubbing an organic compound (preferably a polymer), obliquely depositing an inorganic compound, forming a layer having microgrooves, or by using a Langmuir-Blodgett method (LB film). (Eg, ω-tricosanoic acid, dioctadecylmethylammonium chloride, methyl stearylate). In addition, the application of an electric field,
There is also known an alignment film in which an alignment function is generated by applying a magnetic field or irradiating light. An alignment film formed by rubbing a polymer is particularly preferable. The rubbing treatment is performed by rubbing the surface of the polymer layer several times with paper or cloth in a certain direction. In order to align the discotic liquid crystalline molecules with an average tilt angle of less than 5 °, it is preferable to use a polymer that does not lower the surface energy of the alignment film (a normal polymer for an alignment film) for the alignment film. The thickness of the alignment film is preferably 0.01 to 5 μm,
More preferably, the thickness is 0.05 to 1 μm. The optically anisotropic layer may be transferred onto a transparent support after the discotic liquid crystalline molecules of the optically anisotropic layer are aligned using an alignment film. Discotic liquid crystal molecules fixed in an alignment state can maintain the alignment state without an alignment film. Further, in the present invention, since the discotic liquid crystalline molecules are aligned with an average tilt angle of less than 5 °, it is not necessary to perform a rubbing treatment, and in some cases, an alignment film is not required. However, for the purpose of improving the adhesion between the liquid crystal molecules and the transparent support, an alignment film (described in JP-A-9-152509) that forms a chemical bond with the liquid crystal molecules at the interface may be used. When an alignment film is used for the purpose of improving adhesion, rubbing treatment may not be performed.

[Optical Anisotropic Layer] The optically anisotropic layer is formed from discotic liquid crystal molecules. The discotic liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a state where the average tilt angle between the discotic liquid crystal molecules and the transparent support surface is less than 5 °. As a result of combining the above-mentioned transparent support having optical uniaxiality or optical biaxiality with discotic liquid crystal molecules oriented with an average tilt angle of less than 5 °, the entire optical compensatory sheet is produced. The in-plane retardation (Re) is preferably from 20 to 200 nm, more preferably from 20 to 100 nm, and most preferably from 20 to 70 nm. Retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction of the entire optical compensation sheet
Is preferably 70 to 500 nm, more preferably 70 to 300 m, and 70 to 200 n
m is more preferable. The in-plane retardation (Re) and the retardation in the thickness direction (Rth) of the optical compensation sheet are defined by the following equations, respectively. Re = (nx−ny) × d Rth = [{(nx + ny) / 2} −nz] × d where nx and ny are in-plane refractive indices of the optical compensation sheet, and nz is the thickness of the optical compensation sheet. And d is the thickness of the optical compensatory sheet.

The discotic liquid crystalline molecules are preferably fixed in an aligned state. Although the alignment state can be fixed using a polymer binder,
It is preferable to fix by a polymerization reaction. Discotic liquid crystalline molecules are described in various literatures (C. Destrade et al.,
Mol. Crysr. Liq. Cryst., Vol. 71, page 111 (1981)
Edited by The Chemical Society of Japan, quarterly chemistry review, No. 22, Liquid Crystal Chemistry, Chapter 5, Chapter 10, Section 2 (1994); B. Kohne et a
l., Angew. Chem. Soc. Chem. Comm., page 1794 (198
5); J. Zhang et al., J. Am. Chem. Soc., Vol. 116, p.
age 2655 (1994)). Regarding the polymerization of discotic liquid crystal molecules, see JP-A-8-27284.
It is described in the gazette. In order to fix the discotic liquid crystal molecules by polymerization, it is necessary to bond a polymerizable group as a substituent to the discotic core of the discotic liquid crystal molecules. However, when a polymerizable group is directly connected to the disc-shaped core, it becomes difficult to maintain an oriented state in the polymerization reaction. Therefore, a linking group is introduced between the discotic core and the polymerizable group. Therefore, the discotic liquid crystal molecule is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (I).

(I) D (-LQ) _{n wherein} D is a discotic core; L is a divalent linking group; Q is a polymerizable group; and n is 4 to 12 Is an integer. An example of the discotic core (D) of the above formula is shown below. In each of the following examples, LQ (or QL) means a combination of a divalent linking group (L) and a polymerizable group (Q).

[0020]

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[0021]

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[0022]

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[0023]

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[0024]

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[0025]

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[0026]

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In the above formula, the divalent linking group (L) is
Alkylene group, alkenylene group, arylene group, -CO
It is preferably a divalent linking group selected from the group consisting of-, -NH-, -O-, -S- and a combination thereof. The divalent linking group (L) is an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, an arylene group, -CO-, -NH-, -O-
And a group obtained by combining at least two divalent groups selected from the group consisting of and -S-.
The divalent linking group (L) is most preferably a group obtained by combining at least two divalent groups selected from the group consisting of an alkylene group, an alkenylene group, an arylene group, -CO- and -O-. The alkylene group preferably has 1 to 12 carbon atoms. The alkenylene group preferably has 2 to 12 carbon atoms. The arylene group preferably has 6 to 10 carbon atoms. The alkylene group, alkenylene group and arylene group may have a substituent (eg, an alkyl group, a halogen atom, a cyano, an alkoxy group, an acyloxy group). Examples of the divalent linking group (L) are shown below. The left side is bonded to the discotic core (D), and the right side is bonded to the polymerizable group (Q). AL represents an alkylene group or an alkenylene group, and AR represents an arylene group.

L1: -AL-CO-O-AL- L2: -AL-CO-O-AL-O- L3: -AL-CO-O-AL-O-AL- L4: -AL-CO-O -AL-O-CO-L5: -CO-AR-O-AL-L6: -CO-AR-O-AL-O-L7: -CO-AR-O-AL-O-CO-L8: -CO -NH-AL-L9: -NH-AL-O-L10: -NH-AL-O-CO-L11: -O-AL-L12: -O-AL-O-L13: -O-AL-O- CO-

L14: -O-AL-O-CO-NH-AL
-L15: -O-AL-S-AL- L16: -O-CO-AL-AR-O-AL-O-CO- L17: -O-CO-AR-O-AL-CO- L18: -O -CO-AR-O-AL-O-CO-L19: -O-CO-AR-O-AL-O-AL-OC
O-L20: -O-CO-AR-O-AL-O-AL-OA
L-O-CO-L21: -S-AL-L22: -S-AL-O-L23: -S-AL-O-CO-L24: -S-AL-S-AL-L25: -S-AR -AL-

The polymerizable group (Q) in the formula (I) is determined according to the type of the polymerization reaction. Examples of the polymerizable group (Q) are shown below.

[0031]

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The polymerizable group (Q) is an unsaturated polymerizable group (Q1
To Q7), an epoxy group (Q8) or an aziridinyl group (Q9), more preferably an unsaturated polymerizable group, and more preferably an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable group (Q
1 to Q6) are most preferred. In the formula (I), n is an integer of 4 to 12. Specific numbers are determined according to the type of discotic core (D).
The combination of a plurality of L and Q may be different, but is preferably the same.

Two or more discotic liquid crystal molecules may be used in combination. For example, the polymerizable discotic liquid crystal molecules and the non-polymerizable discotic liquid crystal molecules described above can be used in combination. The non-polymerizable discotic liquid crystal molecule is preferably a compound in which the polymerizable group (Q) of the polymerizable discotic liquid crystal molecule is changed to a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. That is, the non-polymerizable discotic liquid crystal molecule is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (Ia). (Ia) D (-LR) _{n wherein} D is a discotic core; L is a divalent linking group; R is a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group;
Is an integer of 4 to 12. An example of the discotic core (D) of formula (Ia) is that LQ (or QL) is replaced by LR (or R
Except for changing to L), it is the same as the example of the polymerizable discotic liquid crystal molecule described above. Further, a divalent linking group (L)
Is the same as the example of the polymerizable discotic liquid crystal molecule described above. The alkyl group represented by R has 1 to 4 carbon atoms.
It is preferably 0, more preferably 1 to 30. A chain alkyl group is more preferable than a cyclic alkyl group, and a straight-chain alkyl group is more preferable than a branched chain alkyl group. R is particularly preferably a hydrogen atom or a linear alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms.

In order to align the discotic liquid crystal molecules in a state in which the average tilt angle between the disc surface of the discotic liquid crystal molecules and the surface of the transparent support is less than 5 °, a compound capable of phase-separating from the discotic liquid crystal molecules is used. Preferably, it is used in a certain range. Compounds that can be phase-separated from discotic liquid crystalline molecules include lower fatty acid esters of cellulose, fluorinated surfactants and compounds having a 1,3,5-triazine ring.

The "lower fatty acid" in the lower fatty acid ester of cellulose means a fatty acid having 6 or less carbon atoms. The number of carbon atoms is preferably 2 to 5, more preferably 2 to 4. A substituent (eg, hydroxy) may be bonded to the fatty acid. Two or more fatty acids may form an ester with cellulose. Examples of lower fatty acid esters of cellulose include cellulose acetate, cellulose propionate, cellulose butyrate, cellulose hydroxypropionate, cellulose acetate propionate, and cellulose acetate butyrate. Cellulose acetate butyrate is particularly preferred. The butyrylation degree of cellulose acetate butyrate is preferably 30% or more, and more preferably 30 to 80%. The degree of acetylation of cellulose acetate butyrate is preferably 30% or less, more preferably 1 to 30%. The lower fatty acid ester of cellulose is 0.01% of the amount of discotic liquid crystal molecules.
To 1% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 1% by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 1% by weight.
Most preferably, it is used in an amount of 3 to 0.9% by weight. The coating amount of the lower fatty acid ester of cellulose is preferably in the range of 1 to 500 mg / m ² , more preferably in the range of 3 to 300 mg / m ² , and more preferably in the range of 5 to 200 mg / m ^2. Is most preferred.

The fluorinated surfactant comprises a hydrophobic group containing a fluorine atom, a nonionic, anionic, cationic or amphoteric hydrophilic group and an optional linking group. The fluorinated surfactant comprising one hydrophobic group and one hydrophilic group is represented by the following formula (II).

(II) Rf-L ³ -Hy wherein Rf is a monovalent hydrocarbon residue substituted by a fluorine atom; L ³ is a single bond or a divalent linking group; , Hy are hydrophilic groups. Rf of formula (II)
Functions as a hydrophobic group. The hydrocarbon residue is preferably an alkyl group or an aryl group. The alkyl group preferably has 3 to 30 carbon atoms, and the aryl group preferably has 6 to 30 carbon atoms. Some or all of the hydrogen atoms contained in the hydrocarbon residue are substituted with fluorine atoms. It is preferable to replace 50% or more of the hydrogen atoms contained in the hydrocarbon residue with a fluorine atom, more preferably 60% or more, even more preferably 70% or more.
It is most preferred to substitute at least%. The remaining hydrogen atoms may be further substituted with another halogen atom (eg, chlorine atom, bromine atom). Examples of Rf are shown below.

[0038] _{Rf1: n-C 8 F 17} - Rf2: n-C 6 F 13 - Rf3: Cl- (CF 2 -CFCl) 3 -CF 2 - Rf4: H- (CF 2) 8 - Rf5: H- _{(CF 2) 10 - Rf6:} n-C 9 F 19 - Rf7: pentafluorophenyl _{Rf8: n-C 7 F 15} - Rf9: Cl- (CF 2 -CFCl) 2 -CF 2 - Rf10: H- (CF _{2) 4 - Rf11: H- (} CF 2) 6 - Rf12: Cl- (CF 2) 6 - Rf13: C 3 F 7 -

In the formula (II), the divalent linking group is an alkylene group, an arylene group, a divalent heterocyclic residue, -CO
—, —NR— (R is an alkyl group having 1 to 5 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom), —O—, —SO ₂ — and a divalent linking group selected from the combination thereof. preferable. Examples of L ^{3 in} the formula (II) are shown below. The left side is bonded to a hydrophobic group (Rf), and the right side is a hydrophilic group (Hf).
y). AL represents an alkylene group, AR represents an arylene group, and Hc represents a divalent heterocyclic residue. In addition, the alkylene group, the arylene group, and the divalent heterocyclic residue may have a substituent (eg, an alkyl group).

[0040] L0: single bond _{L31: -SO 2 -NR- L32: -AL} -O- L33: -CO-NR- L34: -AR-O- L35: -SO 2 -NR-AL-CO-O- L36: -CO-O- L37: -SO 2 -NR-AL-O- L38: -SO 2 -NR-AL- L39: -CO-NR-AL- L40: -AL 1 -O-AL 2 - L41 _{: -Hc-AL- L42: -SO 2} -NR-AL 1 -O-AL 2 - L43: -AR- L44: -O-AR-SO 2 -NR-AL- L45: -O-AR-SO 2 -NR-L46: -O-AR-O-

Hy in the formula (II) is a nonionic hydrophilic group,
Either an anionic hydrophilic group, a cationic hydrophilic group, or a combination thereof (amphoteric hydrophilic group). Nonionic hydrophilic groups are particularly preferred. Examples of Hy in the formula (II) are shown below.

Hy1:-(CH ₂ CH ₂ O) _n -H (n
Is an integer of 5 to _{30) Hy2 :-( CH 2 CH 2} O) n -R 1 (n is 5 to 3
0 integer, R ¹ is an alkyl group having 1 to 6 carbon _{atoms) Hy3 :-( CH 2 CHOHCH 2)} n -H (n is 5 to 30 integer) Hy4: -COOM (M represents a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom or dissociation state) Hy5: -SO ₃ M (M is a hydrogen atom, an alkali metal atom or dissociated _{state) Hy6 :-( CH 2 CH 2 O} ) n -CH 2 CH 2 CH 2
-SO ₃ M (n is 5 to 30 integer, M is a hydrogen atom or an alkali metal _{atom) Hy7: -OPO (OH) 2} Hy8: -N + (CH 3) 3 · X - (X represents a halogen atom) Hy9 : -COONH ₄

Nonionic hydrophilic groups (Hy1, Hy2, H
y3) is preferred, and a hydrophilic group (Hy1) composed of polyethylene oxide is most preferred. Specific examples of the fluorine-containing surfactant represented by the formula (II) will be shown with reference to the above examples of Rf, L ³ and Hy.

FS-1: Rf1-L31 (R = C ₃ H ₇ )
-Hy1 (n = 6) FS- 2: Rf1-L31 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy1 (n
= 11) FS-3: Rf1 -L31 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy1 (n
= 16) FS-4: Rf1 -L31 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy1 (n
= 21) FS-5: Rf1 -L31 (R = C 2 H 5) -Hy1 (n
= 6) FS-6: Rf1 -L31 (R = C 2 H 5) -Hy1 (n
= 11) FS-7: Rf1 -L31 (R = C 2 H 5) -Hy1 (n
= 16) FS-8: Rf1 -L31 (R = C 2 H 7) -Hy1 (n
= 21) FS-9: Rf2 -L31 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy1 (n
= 6) FS-10: Rf2 -L31 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy1 (n
= 11) FS-11: Rf2 -L31 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy1 (n
= 16) FS-12: Rf2 -L31 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy1 (n
= 21) FS-13: Rf3 -L32 (AL = CH 2) -Hy1 (n
= 5) FS-14: Rf3 -L32 (AL = CH 2) -Hy1 (n
= 10) FS-15: Rf3 -L32 (AL = CH 2) -Hy1 (n
= 15) FS-16: Rf3 -L32 (AL = CH 2) -Hy1 (n
= 20) FS-17: Rf4 -L33 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy1 (n
= 7) FS-18: Rf4 -L33 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy1 (n
= 13) FS-19: Rf4 -L33 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy1 (n
= 19) FS-20: Rf4 -L33 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy1 (n
= 25)

FS-21: Rf5-L32 (AL = CH ₂ )
-Hy1 (n = 11) FS- 22: Rf5-L32 (AL = CH 2) -Hy1 (n
= 15) FS-23: Rf5 -L32 (AL = CH 2) -Hy1 (n
= 20) FS-24: Rf5 -L32 (AL = CH 2) -Hy1 (n
= 30) FS-25: Rf6-L34 (AR = p-phenylene)-Hy
1 (n = 11) FS-26: Rf6-L34 (AR = p-phenylene) -Hy
1 (n = 17) FS-27: Rf6-L34 (AR = p-phenylene) -Hy
1 (n = 23) FS-28: Rf6-L34 (AR = p-phenylene) -Hy
1 (n = 29) FS- 29: Rf1-L35 (R = C 3 H 7, AL = CH
_{2) -Hy1 (n = 20)} FS-30: Rf1-L35 (R = C 3 H 7, AL = CH
_{2) -Hy1 (n = 30)} FS-31: Rf1-L35 (R = C 3 H 7, AL = CH
₂ ) -Hy1 (n = 40) FS-32: Rf1-L36-Hy1 (n = 5) FS-33: Rf1-L36-Hy1 (n = 10) FS-34: Rf1-L36-Hy1 (n = 15) ) FS-35: Rf1-L36-Hy1 (n = 20) FS-36: Rf7-L36-Hy1 (n = 8) FS-37: Rf7-L36-Hy1 (n = 13) FS-38: Rf7-L36 -Hy1 (n = 18) FS-39: Rf7-L36-Hy1 (n = 25)

FS-40: Rf1-L0-Hy1 (n =
6) FS-41: Rf1-L0-Hy1 (n = 11) FS-42: Rf1-L0-Hy1 (n = 16) FS-43: Rf1-L0-Hy1 (n = 21) FS-44: Rf1- _{L31 (R = C 3 H 7} ) -Hy2 (n
_{^{= 7, R 1 = C 2}} H 5) FS-45: Rf1-L31 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy2 (n
_{^{= 13, R 1 = C 2}} H 5) FS-46: Rf1-L31 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy2 (n
_{^{= 20, R 1 = C 2}} H 5) FS-47: Rf1-L31 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy2 (n
_{^{= 28, R 1 = C 2}} H 5) FS-48: Rf8-L32 (AL = CH 2) -Hy1 (n
= 5) FS-49: Rf8 -L32 (AL = CH 2) -Hy1 (n
= 10) FS-50: Rf8 -L32 (AL = CH 2) -Hy1 (n
= 15) FS-51: Rf8 -L32 (AL = CH 2) -Hy1 (n
= 20) FS-52: Rf1 -L37 (R = C 3 H 7, AL = CH 2 C
_{H 2) -Hy3 (n = 5} ) FS-53: Rf1-L37 (R = C 3 H 7, AL = CH 2 C
_{H 2) -Hy3 (n = 7} ) FS-54: Rf1-L37 (R = C 3 H 7, AL = CH 2 C
_{H 2) -Hy3 (n = 9} ) FS-55: Rf1-L37 (R = C 3 H 7, AL = CH 2 C
_{H 2) -Hy3 (n = 12} ) FS-56: Rf9-L0-Hy4 (M = H) FS-57: Rf3-L0-Hy4 (M = H) FS-58: Rf1-L38 (R = C 3 H ₇ , AL = CH
_{2) -Hy4 (M = K)} FS-59: Rf4-L39 (R = C 3 H 7, AL = CH
₂ ) -Hy4 (M = Na)

FS-60: Rf1-L0-Hy5 (M =
K) FS-61: Rf10-L40 (AL ¹ = CH ₂ , AL ² = CH ₂ C
_{H 2) -Hy5 (M = Na} ) FS-62: Rf11-L40 (AL 1 = CH 2, AL 2 = CH 2 C
_{H 2) -Hy5 (M = Na} ) FS-63: Rf5-L40 (AL 1 = CH 2, AL 2 = CH 2 C
_{H 2) -Hy5 (M = Na} ) FS-64: Rf1-L38 (R = C 3 H 7, AL = CH 2 CH 2 CH
_{2) -Hy5 (M = Na)} FS-65: Rf1-L31 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy6 (n
= 5, M = Na) FS -66: Rf1-L31 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy6 (n
= 10, M = Na) FS -67: Rf1-L31 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy6 (n
= 15, M = Na) FS -68: Rf1-L31 (R = C 3 H 7) -Hy6 (n
= 20, M = Na) FS -69: Rf1-L38 (R = C 2 H 5, AL = CH 2
_{CH 2) -Hy7 FS-70:} Rf1-L38 (R = H, AL = CH 2 CH 2 CH 2)
-Hy8 (X = I) FS-71: Rf11-L41 (Hc below, AL = CH ₂ CH ₂ CH
₂ ) -Hy6 (M is dissociated)

[0048]

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FS-72: Rf1-L42 (R = C ₃ H ₇ , AL ¹ = CH ₂ C
^{_{H 2, AL 2 = CH 2}} CH 2 CH 2) -Hy6 (M = Na) FS-73: Rf12-L0-Hy5 (M = Na) FS-74: Rf13-L43 (AR = o- phenylene) -Hy
6 (M = K) FS-75: Rf13-L43 (AR = m-phenylene) -Hy
6 (M = K) FS-76: Rf13-L43 (AR = p-phenylene) -Hy
6 (M = K) FS- 77: Rf6-L44 (R = C 2 H 5, AL = CH 2 CH 2) -
Hy5 (M = H) FS-78: Rf6-L45 (AR = p-phenylene, R = C _{2)
H 5) -Hy1 (n = 9} ) FS-79: Rf6-L45 (AR = p- phenylene, R = C _{2
H 5) -Hy1 (n = 14} ) FS-80: Rf6-L45 (AR = p- phenylene, R = C _{2
H 5) -Hy1 (n = 19} ) FS-81: Rf6-L45 (AR = p- phenylene, R = C _{2
H 5) -Hy1 (n = 28} ) FS-82: Rf6-L46 (AR = p- phenylene) -Hy
1 (n = 5) FS-83: Rf6-L46 (AR = p-phenylene) -Hy
1 (n = 10) FS-84: Rf6-L46 (AR = p-phenylene) -Hy
1 (n = 15) FS-85: Rf6-L46 (AR = p-phenylene) -Hy
1 (n = 20)

A fluorine-containing surfactant having two or more hydrophobic or hydrophilic groups containing a fluorine atom may be used. Examples of the fluorinated surfactant having two or more hydrophobic groups or hydrophilic groups are shown below.

[0051]

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FS-86: n1 + n2 = 12, FS-87: n1 + n2
= 18, FS-88: n1 + n2 = 24

[0053]

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FS-89: n1 + n2 = 20, FS-90: n1 + n2
= 30, FS-91: n1 + n2 = 40

[0055]

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FS-92: n = 5, FS-93: n = 10, F
S-94: n = 15, FS-95: n = 20

[0057]

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Two or more fluorine-containing surfactants may be used in combination. Regarding surfactants, various literatures (eg, Hiroshi Horiguchi “New surfactants” Sankyo Publishing (1975), MJ Schick,
Nonionic Surfactants, Marcell Dekker Inc., New Yo
rk, (1967), JP-A-7-13293). The fluorinated surfactant is preferably used in an amount of 2 to 30% by weight, more preferably in an amount of 3 to 25% by weight, based on the amount of the discotic liquid crystalline molecules, and more preferably 5 to 10% by weight. Most preferably, it is used in an amount. The coating amount of the fluorinated surfactant is 25 to 1000
mg / m ² , preferably from 30 to 50 mg / m ^2.
0 mg / m ² , more preferably 35 mg / m ^2.
Most preferably, it is in the range of 200 to 200 mg / m ² .

The compound having a 1,3,5-triazine ring is preferably a compound represented by the following formula (III).

[0060]

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Where X¹, X^TwoAnd X^ThreeRespectively
Independently, a single bond, -NR- (R represents 1 to 3 carbon atoms
0 alkyl group or hydrogen atom), -O- or -S-
And R³¹, R³²And R³³Is German
First, an alkyl group, alkenyl group, aryl group or
It is a ring group. The compound represented by the formula (III) is melamine
Particularly preferred are compounds. With melamine compounds
Is X in formula (III)¹, X^TwoOr X^ThreeIs -NR
-Or X¹, X^TwoOr X^ThreeIs a single bond
And R³¹, R³²And R ³³Is a free atom to nitrogen atom
It is a heterocyclic group having a valency. About melamine compounds
Is described in more detail with reference to formula (IV). -N
R of R- is particularly preferably a hydrogen atom.
R³¹, R³²And R³³Is particularly preferably an aryl group
preferable.

The alkyl group is preferably a chain alkyl group rather than a cyclic alkyl group. A straight-chain alkyl group is preferable to a branched-chain alkyl group.
The number of carbon atoms of the alkyl group is preferably 1 to 30, more preferably 2 to 30, still more preferably 4 to 30, and most preferably 6 to 30. The alkyl group may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include a halogen atom, an alkoxy group
(Eg, methoxy, ethoxy, epoxyethyloxy) and acyloxy groups (eg, acryloyloxy, methacryloyloxy). The alkenyl group is preferably a chain alkenyl group rather than a cyclic alkenyl group. A linear alkenyl group is preferable to a branched alkenyl group having a branch. The number of carbon atoms of the alkenyl group is preferably 2 to 30, more preferably 3 to 30, still more preferably 4 to 30, and most preferably 6 to 30. The alkenyl group may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include a halogen atom, an alkoxy group (eg, methoxy, ethoxy, epoxyethyloxy) and an acyloxy group (eg, acryloyloxy, methacryloyloxy).

The aryl group is preferably phenyl or naphthyl, particularly preferably phenyl. The aryl group may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent include a halogen atom, hydroxyl, cyano,
Nitro, carboxyl, alkyl, alkenyl, aryl, alkoxy, alkenyloxy, aryloxy, acyloxy, alkoxycarbonyl, alkenyloxycarbonyl, aryloxycarbonyl, sulfamoyl, alkyl-substituted sulfamoyl, alkenyl-substituted Sulfamoyl group, aryl-substituted sulfamoyl group, sulfonamide group, carbamoyl, alkyl-substituted carbamoyl group, alkenyl-substituted carbamoyl group, aryl-substituted carbamoyl group, amide group,
Includes alkylthio, alkenylthio, arylthio and acyl groups. The alkyl group has the same definition as the above-described alkyl group. The alkyl group of the alkoxy group, the acyloxy group, the alkoxycarbonyl group, the alkyl-substituted sulfamoyl group, the sulfonamide group, the alkyl-substituted carbamoyl group, the amide group, the alkylthio group and the acyl group is the same as the above-mentioned alkyl group. The alkenyl group has the same definition as the above-described alkenyl group. The alkenyl part of the alkenyloxy group, the acyloxy group, the alkenyloxycarbonyl group, the alkenyl-substituted sulfamoyl group, the sulfonamide group, the alkenyl-substituted carbamoyl group, the amide group, the alkenylthio group, and the acyl group is the same as the above-mentioned alkenyl group. Examples of the aryl group include phenyl, α-naphthyl, β-
Includes naphthyl, 4-methoxyphenyl, 3,4-diethoxyphenyl, 4-octyloxyphenyl and 4-dodecyloxyphenyl. Examples of the aryloxy group, acyloxy group, aryloxycarbonyl group, aryl-substituted sulfamoyl group, sulfonamide group, aryl-substituted carbamoyl group, amide group, arylthio group and acyl group are the same as those of the above-mentioned aryl group.

X ¹ , X ² or X ³ is -NR-, -O-
Alternatively, the heterocyclic group in the case of -S- preferably has aromaticity. The heterocycle having aromaticity is generally an unsaturated heterocycle, preferably a heterocycle having the most double bonds. The heterocycle is preferably a 5-, 6-, or 7-membered ring, more preferably a 5- or 6-membered ring, and most preferably a 6-membered ring. The heteroatom in the heterocyclic ring is preferably N, S or O, and particularly preferably N. As the aromatic heterocyclic ring, a pyridine ring (2-pyridyl or 4-pyridyl as the heterocyclic group) is particularly preferable. The heterocyclic group may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent of the heterocyclic group are the same as the examples of the substituent of the aryl moiety. When X ¹ , X ² or X ³ is a single bond, the heterocyclic group is preferably a heterocyclic group having a free valence at a nitrogen atom. The heterocyclic group having a free valence at the nitrogen atom is preferably a 5-, 6- or 7-membered ring, more preferably a 5- or 6-membered ring,
Most preferably, it is a 5-membered ring. The heterocyclic group may have a plurality of nitrogen atoms. Further, the heterocyclic group may have a hetero atom (eg, O, S) other than a nitrogen atom. The heterocyclic group may have a substituent. Examples of the substituent of the heterocyclic group are the same as the examples of the substituent of the aryl moiety. Examples of the heterocyclic group having a free valence at the nitrogen atom are shown below.

[0065]

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[0066]

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[0067]

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[0068]

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It is preferable that at least one of R ³¹ , R ³² and R ³³ contains an alkylene or alkenylene moiety having 9 to 30 carbon atoms. 9 carbon atoms
From 30 to 30 alkylene or alkenylene moieties are
It is preferably linear. The alkylene or alkenylene moiety is preferably contained in a substituent of the aryl group. Further, at least one of R ³¹ , R ³² and R ³³ preferably has a polymerizable group as a substituent. The compound having a 1,3,5-triazine ring preferably has at least two polymerizable groups. Further, the polymerizable group is preferably located at the terminal of R ³¹ , R ³² or R ³³ . By introducing a polymerizable group into a compound having a 1,3,5-triazine ring, the compound having a 1,3,5-triazine ring and a discotic liquid crystal molecule are optically anisotropic in a state of being polymerized. Can be included in the layer. R ³¹ , R ³² or R ³³ having a polymerizable group as a substituent is represented by the following formula (Rp).

(Rp) -L ⁵ (-Q) _{n wherein} L ⁵ is a (n + 1) -valent linking group; Q is a polymerizable group; and n is an integer of 1 to 5. is there. In the formula (RpI), an (n + 1) -valent linking group (L ⁵ )
Is an alkylene group, alkenylene group, n + 1-valent aromatic group, divalent heterocyclic residue, -CO-, -NR- (R is an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom),
-O -, - it is preferably at least two combination linking group a group selected from the group consisting of - S-, and -SO _2. The alkylene group preferably has 1 to 12 carbon atoms. The number of carbon atoms in the alkenylene group is
It is preferably 2 to 12. The aromatic group preferably has 6 to 10 carbon atoms. An example of a L ⁵ of the formula (Rp) below. (If the X ^1, X ² or X ³ of a single bond, directly to 1,3,5-triazine ring) left X ^1, coupled to X ² or X ³ of the formula (III), and right (L
In 53 to L59, it is bonded to (n) polymerizable groups (Q). AL
Represents an alkylene group or alkenylene group, Hc represents a divalent heterocyclic residue, and AR represents an aromatic group. Note that the alkylene group, alkenylene group, heterocyclic residue and aromatic group may have a substituent (eg, an alkyl group, a halogen atom).

L51: -AL-O-CO- L52: -AL-O- L53: -AR (-O-AL-O-CO-) _n L54: -AR (-O-AL-O-) _n L55 : -AR (-O-CO-AL-O-CO-) _n L56: -AR (-CO-O-AL-O-CO-) _n L57: -AR (-O-CO-AR-O-AL) -O-CO
_{-) n L58: -AR (-NR} -SO 2 -AL-O-CO-) n L59: -AR (-SO 2 -NR-AL-O-CO-) n

Examples of the polymerizable group (Q) in the formula (Rp) include those of the polymerizable group (Q1) in the discotic liquid crystal molecule.
To Q17). The polymerizable group is used for polymerizing a compound having a 1,3,5-triazine ring and a discotic liquid crystal molecule. Therefore, 1, 3, 5
-The polymerizable group of the compound having a triazine ring and the polymerizable group of the discotic liquid crystalline molecule are preferably similar functional groups. Therefore, similarly to the polymerizable group of the discotic liquid crystal molecule, the polymerizable group (Q) of the compound having a 1,3,5-triazine ring has an unsaturated polymerizable group (Q1 to Q1).
Q7), an epoxy group (Q8) or an aziridinyl group (Q
9), more preferably an unsaturated polymerizable group, and an ethylenically unsaturated polymerizable group (Q1 to
Q6) is most preferred. When n is a plurality (2 to 5), the linking group (L ⁵ ) contains an (n + 1) -valent aromatic group, and is preferably branched at the aromatic group. n
Is preferably an integer of 1 to 3.

Specific examples of compounds having a 1,3,5-triazine ring (excluding melamine compounds) are shown below.

[0074]

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TR-1: R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³³ :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH =
CH ₂ TR-2: R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³³ :-(CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH
= CH ₂ TR-3: R ³¹ , R ³² :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³³ :-( CH ₂ )
₁₂ -CH ₃ TR-4: R ³¹ , R ³² :-( CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = C
H ₂ ; R ³³ :-( CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ TR-5: R ³¹ :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³² , R ³³ :-( CH ₂ ) _{12
^{-CH 3 TR-6: R 31}} :-( CH 2) 4 -CH = CH- (CH 2) 4 -O-CO-CH = CH 2;
R ³² , R ³³ :-( CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ TR-7: R ³¹ , R ³² :-( CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³³ :-( CH ₂ )
_{12 -CH 3 TR-8: R} 31 :-( CH 2) 4 -O-CO-CH = CH 2; R 32, R 33 :-( CH 2)
₁₂ -CH ₃ TR-9: R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³³ :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-EpEt TR-10: R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³³ :-( CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH -(CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-EpEt TR-11: R ³¹ , R ³² :-(CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-EpEt; R ³³ :-( CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ TR-12: R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³³ :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CH = CH ₂ TR-13: R ³¹ , R ³² :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³³ :-( CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH
₃ (Note) EpEt: Epoxyethyl

[0076]

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TR-14: X ¹ , X ² , X ³ : -O-; R ³² , R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O-
(CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ TR-15: X ¹ , X ² , X ³ : -O-; R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³⁴ , R ³⁵ , R ³⁷ , R ³⁸ :- O-
(CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ TR-16: X ¹ , X ² , X ³ : -O-; R ³² , R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH
-(CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ TR-17: X ¹ , X ² , X ³ : -O-; R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³⁴ , R ³⁵ , R ³⁷ , R ³⁸ : -O-
(CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ TR-18: X ¹ , X ² , X ³ : -O-; R ³¹ , R ³³ , R ³⁴ , R ³⁶ , R ³⁷ , R ³⁹ : -O-
_{(CH 2) 9 -O-CO} -CH = CH 2 TR-19: X 1, X 2, X 3: -O-; R 31, R 32, R 33, R 34, R 35, R 36,
R ³⁷ , R ³⁸ , R ³⁹ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ TR-20: X ¹ , X ² : -O-; X ³ : -NH-; R ³² , ^{R 35, R 38: -O- (} CH 2) 9 -
O-CO-CH = CH ₂ TR-21: X ¹ , X ² : -O-; X ³ : -NH-; R ³² , R ³⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO
-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ TR-22: X ¹ , X ² : -O-; X ³ : -NH-; R ³² , R ³⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO
-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁷ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ TR-23: X ¹ , X ² : -O-; X ³ : -NH-; R ³² , R ³⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO
-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁸ : -O-CO- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ TR-24: X ¹ : -O-; X ² , X ³ : -NH-; R ³¹ , R ³³ :- O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -C
H ₃ ; R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ TR-25: X ¹ : -O-; X ² , X ³ : -NH-; R ³¹ , R ³² : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₆ -O-CO
-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ TR-26: X ¹ : -O-; X ² , X ³ : -NH-; R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³³ : -O- (CH ₂ ) _6-
O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃

TR-27: X ¹ , X ² : -NH-; X ³ : -S-; R ³² , R ³⁵ : -O
-(CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁸ : -O-CO- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ TR-28: X ¹ , X ² : -NH-; X ³ :- S-; R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³⁴ , R ³⁵ : -O- (CH
₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁸ : -O-CO- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ TR-29: X ¹ , X ² : -NH-; X ³ : -S-; R ³² , R ³⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = C
H- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁸ : -O-CO- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ TR-30: X ¹ , X ² : -NH-; X ³ : -S-; R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³⁴ , R ³⁵ : -O- (CH
₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁸ : -O-CO- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ TR-31: X ¹ , X ² :- NH-; X ³ : -S-; R ³¹ , R ³³ , R ³⁴ , R ³⁶ : -O- (CH
₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁸ : -O-CO- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ TR-32: X ¹ , X ² : -NH-; X ³ : -S-; R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³³ , R ³⁴ , R ³⁵ , R
³⁶ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁸ : -O-CO- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ TR-33: X ¹ , X ² : -O-; X ³ : -S-; R ³² , R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -O
_{-CO-CH = CH 2 TR-} 34: X 1, X 2: -O-; X 3: -S-; R 32, R 35: -O- (CH 2) 4 -O-CO-
CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ TR-35: X ¹ , X ² : -O-; X ³ : -S-; R ³² , R ³⁵ : -O- ( CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-
CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁷ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ TR-36: X ¹ , X ² : -O-; X ³ : -S-; R ³² , R ³⁵ :- O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-
CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁸ : -O-CO- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ TR-37: X ¹ : -O-; X ² , X ³ : -S-; R ³¹ , R ³³ : -O -(CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ ;
R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ TR-38: X ¹ : -O-; X ² , X ³ : -S-; R ³¹ , R ³² : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₆ -O-CO-
CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ TR-39: X ¹ : -O-; X ² , X ³ : -S-; R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³³ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₆ -O
-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃

TR-40: X ¹ , X ² , X ³ : -S-; R ³² , R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O-
(CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ TR-41: X ¹ , X ² , X ³ : -S-; R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³⁴ , R ³⁵ , R ³⁷ , R ³⁸ :- O-
(CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ TR-42: X ¹ , X ² , X ³ : -S-; R ³² , R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH
-(CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ TR-43: X ¹ , X ² , X ³ : -S-; R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³⁴ , R ³⁵ , R ³⁷ , R ³⁸ : -O-
(CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ TR-44: X ¹ , X ² , X ³ : -S-; R ³¹ , R ³³ , R ³⁴ , R ³⁶ , R ³⁷ , R ³⁹ : -O-
(CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ TR-45: X ¹ , X ² , X ³ : -S-; R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³³ , R ³⁴ , R ³⁵ , R ³⁶ ,
R ³⁷ , R ³⁸ , R ³⁹ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ TR-46: X ¹ , X ² : -S-; X ³ : -NH-; R ³² , ^{R 35, R 38: -O- (} CH 2) 9 -
O-CO-CH = CH ₂ TR-47: X ¹ , X ² : -S-; X ³ : -NH-; R ³² , R ³⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO
-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ TR-48: X ¹ , X ² : -S-; X ³ : -NH-; R ³² , R ³⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO
-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁷ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ TR-49: X ¹ , X ² : -S-; X ³ : -NH-; R ³² , R ³⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO
-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁸ : -O-CO- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ TR-50: X ¹ : -O-; X ² : -NH-; X ³ : -S-; R ³¹ , R ³³ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂
-CH ₃ ; R ³⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ TR-51: X ¹ : -O-; X ² : -NH-; X ³ : -S-; R ³¹ , R ³² : -O- (CH ₂ ) _6-
O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ³⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ ; R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ TR-52: X ¹ : -O-; X ² : -NH-; X ³ : -S-; R ³¹ , R ³² , R ³³ : -O- (CH
_{2) 6 -O-CO-CH} = CH 2; R 35: -O- (CH 2) 11 -CH 3; R 38: -O- (CH 2) 12 -
CH ₃

TR-53: X ¹ , X ² , X ³ : -O-; R ³² , R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O-
_{(CH 2) 9 -O-EpEt} TR-54: X 1, X 2, X 3: -O-; R 31, R 32, R 34, R 35, R 37, R 38: -O-
(CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-EpEt TR-55: X ¹ , X ² , X ³ : -O-; R ³² , R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH
_{- (CH 2) 4 -O-} EpEt TR-56: X 1, X 2, X 3: -O-; R 31, R 32, R 34, R 35, R 37, R 38: -O-
_{(CH 2) 4 -CH = CH-} (CH 2) 4 -O-EpEt TR-57: X 1, X 2, X 3: -O-; R 31, R 33, R 34, R 36, R 37 , R ³⁹ : -O-
(CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-EpEt TR-58: X ¹ , X ² , X ³ : -O-; R ³² , R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CH =
^{_{CH 2 TR-59: X 1}} , X 2: -O-; X 3: -NH-; R 32, R 35, R 38: -O- (CH 2) 9 -
O-EpEt TR-60: X 1, X 2: -O-; X 3: -NH-; R 32, R 35: -O- (CH 2) 4 -O-Ep
Et; R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ TR-61: X ¹ , X ² : -O-; X ³ : -NH-; R ³² , R ³⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-Ep
Et; R ³⁷ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ TR-62: X ¹ , X ² : -O-; X ³ : -NH-; R ³² , R ³⁵ : -O- ( CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-Ep
Et; R ³⁸ : -O-CO- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ TR-63: X ¹ : -O-; X ² , X ³ : -NH-; R ³¹ , R ³³ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -C
H ₃ ; R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-EpEt TR-64: X ¹ : -O-; X ² , X ³ : -NH-; R ³¹ , R ³² : -O -(CH ₂ ) ₆ -O-Ep
Et; R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ TR-65: X ¹ , X ² : -O-; X ³ : -NH-; R ³² , R ³⁵ , R ³⁸ :- O- (CH _{2) 9} -
O-CH = CH ₂ (Note) Undefined R: Unsubstituted (hydrogen atom) EpEt: Epoxyethyl

The compound having a 1,3,5-triazine ring is preferably a melamine compound represented by the following formula (IV).

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In the formula, R ⁴¹ , R ⁴³ and R ⁴⁵ are each independently an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom, and R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ and R ⁴⁶ are each independently an alkyl group group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group, or, R ⁴¹ and R ^42, R ⁴³ and R ⁴⁴ or R ⁴⁵ and R ⁴⁶ are bonded, form a heterocyclic ring. R ⁴¹ , R ⁴³
And R ⁴⁵ are preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 20 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom, more preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 10 carbon atoms or a hydrogen atom, and 1 to 5 carbon atoms. 6 is more preferably an alkyl group or a hydrogen atom, and most preferably a hydrogen atom. R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ and R ⁴⁶ are particularly preferably aryl groups. The definition and the substituent of the alkyl group, the alkenyl group, the aryl group and the heterocyclic group are the same as the definition and the substituent of each group described in the formula (III). R ⁴¹ and R ⁴² , R ⁴³ and R ⁴⁴ or R ⁴⁵ and R ⁴⁶
Is the same as the heterocyclic group having a free valence at the nitrogen atom described in the formula (III).

It is preferable that at least one of R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ and R ⁴⁶ contains an alkylene or alkenylene moiety having 9 to 30 carbon atoms. 9 carbon atoms
From 30 to 30 alkylene or alkenylene moieties are
It is preferably linear. The alkylene or alkenylene moiety is preferably contained in a substituent of the aryl group. Further, at least one of R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ and R ⁴⁶ preferably has a polymerizable group as a substituent. The melamine compound preferably has at least two polymerizable groups. Further, the polymerizable group is represented by R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴
And it is preferably located at the ends of R ^46. By introducing a polymerizable group into the melamine compound, the melamine compound and the discotic liquid crystal molecules can be contained in the optically anisotropic layer in a state of being polymerized. R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ and R ⁴⁶ having a polymerizable group as a substituent are represented by the aforementioned formula (R
The same as the group represented by p).

Specific examples of the melamine compound are shown below.

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MM-1: R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵³ , R ⁵⁴ , R ⁶³ , R ⁶⁴ : —O—
(CH ₂ ) ₉ -CH ₃ MM-2: R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵³ , R ⁵⁴ , R ⁶³ , R ⁶⁴ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ MM-3: R ⁴³ , R ^{44 , R 53, R 54, R} 63, R 64: -O- (CH 2) 15 -CH 3 MM-4: R 44, R 54, R 64: -O- (CH 2) 9 -CH 3 MM- ^{5: R 44, R 54,} R 64: -O- (CH 2) 15 -CH 3 MM-6: R 43, R 53, R 63: -O-CH 3; R 44, R 54, R 64: -O- (CH ₂ )
_{17 -CH 3 MM-7: R} 44, R 54, R 64: -CO-O- (CH 2) 11 -CH 3 MM-8: R 44, R 54, R 64: -SO 2 -NH- ( CH ₂ ) ₁₇ -CH ₃ MM-9: R ⁴³ , R ⁵³ , R ⁶³ : -O-CO- (CH ₂ ) ₁₅ -CH ₃ MM-10: R ⁴² , R ⁵² , R ⁶² : -O- ( CH ₂ ) ₁₇ -CH ₃ MM-11: R ⁴² , R ⁵² , R ⁶² : -O-CH ₃ ; R ⁴³ , R ⁵³ , R ⁶³ : -CO-O- (CH
_{2) 11 -CH 3 MM-12} : R 42, R 52, R 62: -Cl; R 43, R 53, R 63: -CO-O- (CH 2)
₁₁ -CH ₃ MM-13: R ⁴² , R ⁵² , R ⁶² : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ ; R ⁴⁵ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁶⁵ :-
SO ₂ -NH-iso-C ₃ H ₇

MM-14: R ⁴² , R ⁵² , R ⁶² : -Cl; R ⁴⁵ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁶⁵ :
_{-SO 2 -NH- (CH 2) 15} -CH 3 MM-15: R 42, R 46, R 52, R 56, R 62, R 66: -Cl; R 45, R 55, R 65:
-SO ₂ -NH- (CH ₂ ) ₁₉ -CH ₃ MM-16: R ⁴³ , R ⁵⁴ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -CH ₃ ; R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵³ , R ⁶³ , R ⁶⁴ : -O
-(CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ MM-17: R ⁴⁴ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ ; R ⁵⁴ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₅ -CH ₃ ; R
_{^{64: -O- (CH 2) 17}} -CH 3 MM-18: R 42, R 45, R 52, R 55, R 62, R 65: -O-CH 3; R 44, R 54, R
_{^{64: -NH-CO- (CH 2}} ) 14 -CH 3 MM-19: R 42, R 45, R 52, R 55, R 62, R 65: -O- (CH 2) 3 -CH 3; R
^{44, R 54, R 64:} -O- (CH 2) 15 -CH 3 MM-20: R 42, R 52, R 62: -NH-SO 2 - (CH 2) 15 -CH 3; R 44, R ⁴⁵ ,
R ⁵⁴ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁶⁴ , R ⁶⁵ : -Cl MM-21: R ⁴² , R ⁴³ , R ⁵² , R ⁵³ , R ⁶² , R ⁶³ : -F; R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵⁴ , R ⁶⁴ :-
CO-NH- (CH ₂ ) ₁₅ -CH ₃ ; R ⁴⁵ , R ⁴⁶ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁵⁶ , R ⁶⁵ , R ⁶⁶ : -Cl MM-22: R ⁴² , R ⁵² , R ⁶² : -Cl; R ^{44, R 54, R 64:} -CH 3; R 45,
^{R 55, R 65: -NH-} CO- (CH 2) 12 -CH 3 MM-23: R 42, R 52, R 62: -OH; R 44, R 54, R 64: -CH 3; R 45 ,
^{R 55, R 65: -O- (} CH 2) 15 -CH 3 MM-24: R 42, R 45, R 52, R 55, R 62, R 65: -O-CH 3; R 44, R 54 , R
⁶⁴ :-( CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ MM-25: R ⁴² , R ⁵² , R ⁶² : -NH-SO ₂ -CH ₃ ; R ⁴⁵ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁶⁵ : -CO-
O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ MM-26: R ⁴² , R ⁵² , R ⁶² : -S- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ ; R ⁴⁵ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁶⁵ :-
SO ₂ -NH ₂

MM-27: R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵³ , R ⁵⁴ , R ⁶³ , R ⁶⁴ : -O-
_{(CH 2) 12 -O-CO} -CH = CH 2 MM-28: R 43, R 44, R 53, R 54, R 63, R 64: -O- (CH 2) 8 -O-CO-C
H = CH ₂ MM-29: R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵³ , R ⁵⁴ , R ⁶³ , R ⁶⁴ : -O-CO- (CH ₂ ) ₇ -OC
_{O-CH = CH 2 MM-} 30: R 44, R 54, R 64: -CO-O- (CH 2) 12 -O-CO-C (CH 3) = CH
₂ MM-31: ^R43 , ^R44 , ^R53 , ^R54 , ^R63 , ^R64 : -O-CO-p-Ph-O- (CH
₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ MM-32: R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵² , R ⁵⁴ , R ⁶² , R ⁶⁴ : -NH-SO _2- (CH ₂ ) ₈ -O
-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁴⁵ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁶⁵ : -Cl MM-33: R ⁴² , R ⁵² , R ⁶² : -NH-SO ₂ -CH ₃ ; R ⁴⁵ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁶⁵ : -CO-
O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂

MM-34: R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵⁴ , R ⁶⁴ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-C
H = CH ₂ MM-35: R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵³ , R ⁵⁴ , R ⁶³ , R ⁶⁴ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-C
H = CH ₂ MM-36: R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵⁴ , R ⁶⁴ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-
CH = CH ₂ MM-37: R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵³ , R ⁵⁴ , R ⁶³ , R ⁶⁴ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH-
(CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ MM-38: R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁵ , R ⁵³ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁶³ , R ⁶⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-C
_{H = CH 2 MM-39:} R 43, R 44, R 45, R 53, R 54, R 55, R 63, R 64, R 65: -O-
(CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ MM-40: R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵⁴ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁶⁴ : -O- (CH
_{2) 9 -O-CO-CH} = CH 2 MM-41: R 44, R 54: -O- (CH 2) 4 -O-CO-CH = CH 2; R 64: -O- (CH
_{2) 12 -CH 3 MM-42} : R 44, R 54: -O- (CH 2) 4 -O-CO-CH = CH 2; R 63, R 64: -O
-(CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ MM-43: R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵⁴ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁶³ , R ⁶⁴ : -O
-CO- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ MM-44: R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ ; R ⁵⁴ , R ⁶⁴ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉
-O-CO-CH = CH ₂ MM-45: R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁴ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₆ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁵⁴ , R ⁶⁴ : -O
_{- (CH 2) 11 -CH 3} MM-46: R 43, R 44, R 45: -O- (CH 2) 6 -O-CO-CH = CH 2; R 54, R
⁶⁴ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ (Note) Undefined R: unsubstituted (hydrogen atom) p-Ph: p-phenylene

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[0092] ^{MM-47: R 46, R} 56, R 66: -SO 2 -NH- (CH 2) 15 -
CH ₃ ; R ⁴⁸ , R ⁵⁸ , R ⁶⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ MM-48: R ⁴⁵ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁶⁵ : -SO ₂ -NH- (CH ₂ ) ₁₇ -CH ₃ MM-49: R ⁴⁶ , R ⁵⁶ , R ⁶⁶ : -SO ₂ -NH- (CH ₂ ) ₁₅ -CH ₃ MM-50: R ⁴⁵ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁶⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₇ -CH ₃ ; R ⁴⁷ , R ⁵⁷ , R ⁶⁷ :-
SO ₂ -NH-CH ₃ MM-51: R ⁴³ , R ⁵³ , R ⁶³ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₅ -CH ₃ MM-52: R ⁴¹ , R ⁵¹ , R ⁶¹ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₇ -CH ₃ MM-53: R ⁴⁶ , R ⁵⁶ , R ⁶⁶ : -SO ₂ -NH-Ph; R ⁴⁸ , R ⁵⁸ , R ⁶⁸ : -O- (C
H ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ MM-54: R ⁴⁵ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁶⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₂₁ -CH ₃ ; R ⁴⁷ , R ⁵⁷ , R ⁶⁷ :-
SO ₂ -NH-Ph MM-55: R ⁴¹ , R ⁵¹ , R ⁶¹ : -p-Ph- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ MM-56: R ⁴⁶ , R ⁴⁸ , R ⁵⁶ , R ⁵⁸ , R ⁶⁶ , R ⁶⁸ : -SO ₂ -NH- (CH ₂ ) ₇ -C
^{_{H 3 MM-57: R 46}} , R 56, R 66: -SO 2 -NH- (CH 2) 10 -O-CO-CH = CH 2;
R ⁴⁸ , R ⁵⁸ , R ⁶⁸ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ MM-58: R ⁴⁵ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁶⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁴⁷ , R
_{^{57, R 67: -SO 2 -NH}} -Ph MM-59: R 43, R 53, R 63: -O- (CH 2) 16 -O-CO-CH = CH 2 ( Note) otherwise defined R: Unsubstituted (hydrogen atom) Ph: phenyl p-Ph: p-phenylene

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MM-60: R ⁴⁵ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁶⁵ : -NH-CO- (CH ₂ ) ₁₄ -C
H ₃ MM-61: R ⁴² , R ⁵² , R ⁶² : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₇ -CH ₃ MM-62: R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵⁴ , R ⁶⁴ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₅ -CH ₃ MM-63: R ⁴⁵ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁶⁵ : -SO ₂ -NH- (CH ₂ ) ₁₅ -CH ₃ MM-64: R ⁴³ , R ⁵³ , R ⁶³ : -CO-NH- (CH ₂ ) ₁₇ -CH ₃ ; R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵⁴ , R
⁶⁴ : -OH MM-65: R ⁴⁵ , R ⁵⁵ , R ⁶⁵ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₁₅ -CH ₃ ; R ⁴⁶ , R ⁵⁶ , R ⁶⁶ :-
_{SO 2 -NH- (CH 2) 11} -CH 3 MM-66: R 47, R 57, R 67: -O- (CH 2) 21 -CH 3 MM-67: R 44, R 54, R 64: _{-Op-Ph- (CH 2) 11} -CH 3 MM-68: R 46, R 56, R 66: -SO 2 -NH- (CH 2) 15 -CH 3 MM-69: R 43, R 53, R ⁶³ : -CO-NH- (CH ₂ ) ₁₇ -CH ₃ ; R ⁴⁴ , R ⁵⁴ , R
_{^{64: -O- (CH 2) 12}} -O-CO-CH = CH 2 MM-70: R 45, R 55, R 65: -O- (CH 2) 8 -O-CO-CH = CH 2; R ⁴⁶ , R
⁵⁶ , R ⁶⁶ : -SO ₂ -NH- (CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ MM-71: R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁶ , R ⁵³ , R ⁵⁶ , R ⁶³ , R ⁶⁶ : -SO ₂ -NH- (CH ₂ ) ₈ -0
-CO-CH = CH ₂ (Note) Undefined R: unsubstituted (hydrogen atom) p-Ph: p-phenylene

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MM-72: R ⁴¹ , R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁵ : -CH ₃ MM-73: R ⁴¹ , R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁵ : -C ₂ H ₅ MM-74: R ⁴¹ , R ⁴³ : -C ₂ H ₅ ; R ⁴⁵ : -CH ₃ MM-75: R ⁴¹ , R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁵ :-(CH ₂ ) ₃ -CH ₃

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MM-76: R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ , R ⁴⁶ :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH =
^{_{CH 2 MM-77: R 42}} , R 44, R 46 :-( CH 2) 4 -CH = CH- (CH 2) 4 -O-CO-CH
= CH ₂ MM-78: R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁴⁶ :-( CH ₂ )
₁₂ -CH ₃ MM-79: R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ :-( CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = C
H ₂ ; R ⁴⁶ :-( CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ MM-80: R ⁴² :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁴⁴ , R ⁴⁶ :-( CH ₂ ) ₁₂
-CH ₃ MM-81: R ⁴² :-( CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ;
R ⁴⁴ , R ⁴⁶ :-( CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ MM-82: R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ :-( CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁴⁶ :-( CH ₂ )
₁₂ -CH ₃ MM-83: R ⁴² :-( CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁴⁴ , R ⁴⁶ :-( CH ₂ )
₁₂ -CH ₃ MM-84: R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ , R ⁴⁶ :-(CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-EpEt MM-85: R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ , R ⁴⁶ :-(CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH -(CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-EpEt MM-86: R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-EpEt; R ⁴⁶ :-( CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ MM-87: R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ , R ⁴⁶ :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CH = CH ₂ MM-88: R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁴⁶ :-( CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH
₃ (Note) EpEt: Epoxyethyl

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MM-89: R ⁴¹ , R ⁴² , R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁴ , R ⁴⁵ , R ⁴⁶ :-( CH
_{2) 9 -CH 3 MM-90} : R 41, R 43, R 45: -CH 3; R 42, R 44, R 46 :-( CH 2) 17 -CH
₃ MM-91: R ⁴¹ , R ⁴² , R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁴ :-( CH ₂ ) ₇ -CH ₃ ; R ⁴⁵ , R ⁴⁶ :-( CH
_{2) 5 -CH 3 MM-92} : R 41, R 42, R 43, R 44, R 45, R 46: -CyHx MM-93: R 41, R 42, R 43, R 44, R 45, R ⁴⁶ :-( CH ₂ ) ₂ -OC ₂ H ₅ MM-94: R ⁴¹ , R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁵ : -CH ₃ ; R ⁴² , R ⁴⁴ , R ⁴⁶ :-( CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -O-
CO-CH = CH ₂ MM-95: R ⁴¹ , R ⁴² , R ⁴³ , R ⁴⁴ , R ⁴⁵ , R ⁴⁶ :-( CH ₂ ) ₈ -O-CO-CH =
CH ₂ (Note) CyHx: cyclohexyl

[0101]

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As the melamine compound, a melamine polymer may be used. The melamine polymer is preferably synthesized by a polymerization reaction of a melamine compound represented by the following formula (V) with a carbonyl compound.

[0103]

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In the formula, R ⁷¹ , R ⁷² , R ⁷³ , R ⁷⁴ , R ⁷⁵ and R ⁷⁶ are each independently a hydrogen atom, an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, an aryl group or a heterocyclic group. The definition and the substituent of the alkyl group, the alkenyl group, the aryl group and the heterocyclic group are the same as the definition and the substituent of each group described in the formula (III). The polymerization reaction of a melamine compound and a carbonyl compound is carried out by a usual melamine resin (eg,
Melamine formaldehyde resin). A commercially available melamine polymer (melamine resin) may be used. The molecular weight of the melamine polymer is preferably from 2,000 to 400,000.

R ⁷¹ , R ⁷² , R ⁷³ , R ⁷⁴ , R ⁷⁵ and R ⁷⁶
Preferably contains an alkylene or alkenylene moiety having 9 to 30 carbon atoms. The alkylene portion or alkenylene portion having 9 to 30 carbon atoms is preferably linear. The alkylene or alkenylene moiety is preferably contained in a substituent of the aryl group. Also, R ⁷¹ ,
At least one of R ⁷² , R ⁷³ , R ⁷⁴ , R ⁷⁵ and R ⁷⁶ preferably has a polymerizable group as a substituent. Further, the polymerizable group is preferably located ^at the terminal of R ⁷¹ , R ⁷² , R ⁷³ , R ⁷⁴ , R ⁷⁵ and R ⁷⁶ . By introducing a polymerizable group into the melamine polymer, the melamine polymer and the discotic liquid crystal molecules can be contained in the optically anisotropic layer in a state of being polymerized. R ⁷¹ , R ⁷² , R ⁷³ , R ⁷⁴ , R ⁷⁵ and R ⁷¹ having a polymerizable group as a substituent
⁷⁶ is the same as the group represented by the above formula (Rp).
The polymerizable group may be introduced into one of the carbonyl compound ( ^R71 , ^R72 ) and the melamine compound ( ^R73 , ^R74 , ^R75 , ^R76 ). When the melamine compound has a polymerizable group, a compound having a simple chemical structure such as formaldehyde is preferably used as the carbonyl compound. When the carbonyl compound has a polymerizable group, a compound having a simple chemical structure such as (unsubstituted) melamine is preferably used as the melamine compound.

Examples of the carbonyl compound having a polymerizable group are shown below.

[0107]

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CO-1: R ⁷² : -H; R ⁸² : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH
_{= CH 2 CO-2: R} 72: -H; R 81, R 82: -O- (CH 2) 9 -O-CO-CH = CH 2 CO-3: R 72: -H; R 82: - O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-C
H = CH ₂ CO-4: R ⁷² : -H; R ⁸¹ , R ⁸² : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-
_{CO-CH = CH 2 CO-} 5: R 72: -H; R 81, R 83: -O- (CH 2) 9 -O-CO-CH = CH 2 CO-6: R 72: -H; R ⁸¹ , R ⁸² , R ⁸³ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ CO-7: R ⁷² : -CH ₃ ; R ⁸² : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₉ -O- CO-CH = CH ₂ CO-8: R ⁷² :-( CH ₂ ) ₁₁ -CH ₃ ; R ⁸² : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = C
H ₂ CO-9: R ⁷² :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁸² : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-
CO-CH = CH ₂ CO-10: R ⁷² :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-EpEt; R ⁸² : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO
-CH = CH ₂ CO-11: R ⁷² :-( CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁸¹ , R ⁸³ : -O- (CH ₂ )
₁₂ -CH ₃ (Note) Undefined R: Unsubstituted (hydrogen atom) EpEt: Epoxyethyl

[0109]

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CO-12: R ⁸¹ , R ⁸² , R ⁸³ , R ⁸⁴ : -O- (CH ₂ ) ₆ -O-
_{CO-CH = CH 2 CO-} 13: R 82, R 83: -O- (CH 2) 9 -O-CO-CH = CH 2 ( Note) otherwise defined R: unsubstituted (hydrogen atom)

[0111]

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CO-14: R ⁷¹ :-(CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁷² :
^{-H CO-15: R 71 :-(} CH 2) 4 -CH = CH- (CH 2) 4 -O-CO-CH = CH 2;
R ⁷² : -H CO-16: R ⁷¹ :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁷² : -CH ₃ CO-17: R ⁷¹ :-( CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ;
R ⁷² : -CH ₃ CO-18: R ⁷¹ :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁷² : -Ph CO-19: R ⁷¹ :-( CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ;
R ⁷² : -Ph CO-20: R ⁷¹ :-( CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁷² :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO
-CH = CH ₂ CO-21: R ⁷¹ :-( CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ ; R ⁷² :-( CH ₂ ) ₁₂ -CH ₃ CO-22: R ⁷¹ :-( CH _{2) 9 -O-EpEt; R} 72: -H CO-23: R 71 :-( CH 2) 4 -CH = CH- (CH 2) 4 -O-EpEt; R 72: -H CO-24: R ⁷¹ , R ⁷² :-( CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-EpEt CO-25: R ⁷¹ , R ⁷² :-(CH ₂ ) ₉ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ CO-26: R ⁷¹ , R ⁷² :-( CH ₂ ) ₄ -CH = CH- (CH ₂ ) ₄ -O-CO-CH = CH ₂ (Note) Ph: phenyl EpEt: epoxyethyl

Examples of melamine polymers having a polymerizable group on the melamine compound side are shown below.

[0114]

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MP-1: R⁷³, R⁷⁵, R⁷⁶: -CH_Two-NH-CO-CH = CH
_Two; R⁷⁴: -CH_Two-NH-CO- (CH_Two)₈-CH_Three MP-2: R⁷¹: -CH_Three; R⁷³, R⁷⁵, R⁷⁶: -CH_Two-NH-CO-CH = CH_Two; R
⁷⁴: -CH_Two-NH-CO- (CH_Two)₈-CH_Three MP-3: R⁷¹, R⁷²: -CH_Three; R⁷³, R⁷⁵, R⁷⁶: -CH_Two-NH-CO-CH = C
H_Two; R⁷⁴: -CH_Two-NH-CO- (CH_Two)₈-CH_Three MP-4: R⁷¹: -Ph; R⁷³, R⁷⁵, R⁷⁶: -CH_Two-NH-CO-CH = CH_Two; R
⁷⁴: -CH_Two-NH-CO- (CH_Two)₈-CH_Three MP-5: R⁷³, R⁷⁶: -CH_Two-NH-CO-CH = CH_Two; R⁷⁴: -CH_Two-NH-CO
-(CH_Two)₇-CH = CH- (CH_Two)₇-CH_Three; R⁷⁵: -CH_Two-O-CH_Three MP-6: R⁷³, R⁷⁶: -CH_Two-NH-CO-CH = CH_Two; R⁷⁴: -CH_Two-NH-CO
-(CH_Two)₇-CH = CH- (CH_Two)₇-CH_Three; R⁷⁵: -CH_Two-OH MP-7: R⁷³, R⁷⁶: -CH_Two-NH-CO-C_TwoH_Five; R⁷⁴: -CH_Two-NH-CO-
(CH_Two)₁₆-CH_Three; R⁷⁵: -CH_Two-O-CH_Three MP-8: R⁷³, R⁷⁶: -CH_Two-NH-CO-C_TwoH_Five; R⁷⁴: -CH_Two-NH-CO-
(CH_Two)₁₆-CH_Three; R⁷⁵: -CH_Two-OH MP-9: R⁷³, R⁷⁶: -CH_Two-O-CO-CH = CH_Two; R⁷⁴: -CH_Two-O-CO-
(CH_Two)₇-CH = CH- (CH_Two)₇-CH_Three; R⁷⁵: -CH_Two-O-CH_Three MP-10: R⁷³, R⁷⁶: -CH_Two-O-CO-CH = CH_Two; R⁷⁴: -CH_Two-O-CO-
(CH_Two)₇-CH = CH- (CH_Two)₇-CH_Three; R⁷⁵: -CH_Two-OH MP-11: R⁷³, R⁷⁶: -CH_Two-O-CO- (CH_Two)₇-CH = CH- (CH_Two)₇-CH
_Three; R⁷⁴: -CH_Two-NH-CO- (CH_Two)₇-CH = CH- (CH_Two)₇-CH_Three; R⁷⁵: -CH_Two-
O-CH_Three MP-12: R⁷³, R⁷⁶: -CH_Two-O-CO- (CH_Two)₇-CH = CH- (CH_Two)₇-CH
_Three; R⁷⁴: -CH_Two-NH-CO- (CH_Two)₇-CH = CH- (CH_Two)₇-CH_Three; R⁷⁵: -CH_Two-
OH MP-13: R⁷³, R⁷⁴, R⁷⁵, R⁷⁶: -CH_Two-O- (CH_Two)₁₁-O-CO-CH = C
H_Two MP-14: R⁷³, R⁷⁵, R⁷⁶: -CH_Two-NH-CO-CH = CH_Two; R⁷⁴: -CH_Two-O
-(CH_Two)₁₆-CH_Three (Note) Undefined R: unsubstituted (hydrogen atom) Ph: phenyl

Two or more compounds having a 1,3,5-triazine ring (including a melamine compound and a melamine polymer) may be used in combination. The compound having a 1,3,5-triazine ring is preferably used in an amount of 0.01 to 20% by weight, and more preferably in an amount of 0.1 to 15% by weight, based on the amount of the discotic liquid crystal molecules. More preferably, it is most preferably used in an amount of 0.5 to 10% by weight. The coating amount of the compound having a 1,3,5-triazine ring is preferably in the range of 1 to 1000 mg / m ² , more preferably in the range of ^{2 to} 300 mg / m ² , and more preferably 3 to 100 mg / m 2. Most preferably, it is in the range of ² .

The optically anisotropic layer is composed of discotic liquid crystal molecules, the following polymerizable initiators and optional additives (eg,
Plasticizer, monomer, surfactant, cellulose ester,
It is formed by applying a liquid crystal composition (coating solution) containing a 1,3,5-triazine compound, a chiral agent) on the alignment film. As the solvent used for preparing the liquid crystal composition, an organic solvent is preferably used. Examples of organic solvents include amides (eg, N, N-dimethylformamide), sulfoxides (eg, dimethylsulfoxide), heterocyclic compounds (eg, pyridine), hydrocarbons (eg, benzene, hexane), alkyl halides (eg, , Chloroform, dichloromethane), esters (eg, methyl acetate, butyl acetate),
Ketones (eg, acetone, methyl ethyl ketone) and ethers (eg, tetrahydrofuran, 1,2-dimethoxyethane) are included. Alkyl halides and ketones are preferred. Two or more organic solvents may be used in combination. The liquid crystal composition can be applied by a known method (eg, a wire bar coating method, an extrusion coating method, a direct gravure coating method, a reverse gravure coating method, a die coating method).

The polymerization reaction of discotic liquid crystal molecules includes a thermal polymerization reaction using a thermal polymerization initiator and a photopolymerization reaction using a photopolymerization initiator. Photopolymerization reactions are preferred. Examples of the photopolymerization initiator include α-carbonyl compounds (described in U.S. Pat. Nos. 2,367,661 and 2,367,670) and acyloin ethers (U.S. Pat.
No. 8), α-hydrocarbon-substituted aromatic acyloin compounds (described in US Pat. No. 2,722,512), polynuclear quinone compounds (US Pat. Nos. 3,046,127 and 2,951)
758), a combination of a triarylimidazole dimer and p-aminophenyl ketone (described in US Pat. No. 3,549,367), an acridine and phenazine compound (JP-A-60-105667, US Pat. No. 4,239,850). Oxadiazole compounds (described in US Pat. No. 4,221,970). The amount of the photopolymerization initiator used is preferably 0.01 to 20% by weight, more preferably 0.5 to 5% by weight of the solid content of the coating solution.
Light irradiation for the polymerization of discotic liquid crystalline molecules
Preferably, ultraviolet light is used. The irradiation energy is 2
Is preferably 0 mJ / cm ² to 50 J / cm ^2, and more preferably in the range of 100 to 800 mJ / cm ^2. Light irradiation may be performed under heating conditions to promote the photopolymerization reaction. The thickness of the optically anisotropic layer is 0.1
To 20 μm, preferably 0.5 to 15 μm
m, more preferably 1 to 10 μm.

[Polarizing Film] As the polarizing film, an iodine-based polarizing film,
There are a dye-based polarizing film using a dichroic dye and a polyene-based polarizing film. The iodine-based polarizing film and the dye-based polarizing film are generally manufactured using a polyvinyl alcohol-based film. The polarization axis of the polarizing film corresponds to a direction perpendicular to the stretching direction of the film. The in-plane transmission axis of the polarizing film is preferably arranged to be substantially parallel or orthogonal to the slow axis of the transparent support.

[Transparent Protective Film] As the transparent protective film, a transparent polymer film is used. That the protective film is transparent means that the light transmittance is 80% or more. As the transparent protective film, a cellulose ester film, preferably a triacetyl cellulose film, is generally used. The cellulose ester film is preferably formed by a solvent casting method. The thickness of the transparent protective film is preferably 20 to 500 μm,
More preferably, it is 0 to 200 μm.

[Liquid Crystal Display Device] The present invention can be applied to liquid crystal cells of various display modes. As described above, the optical compensation sheet using liquid crystal molecules is formed of a TN (Twisted Nemati).
c), IPS (In-Plane Switching), FLC (Ferroel
ectric Liquid Crystal), OCB (Optically Compensa)
tory Bend), STN (Supper Twisted Nematic), V
A (Vertically Aligned), ECB (Electrically Cont
rolled Birefringence) and HAN (Hybrid Aligne)
dNematic) mode liquid crystal cells have already been proposed. The present invention relates to a VA mode, an OCB mode, and an HA mode in which rod-like liquid crystal molecules substantially vertically aligned
It is effective in a liquid crystal display device using a liquid crystal cell such as an N mode, and is particularly effective in a VA mode liquid crystal display device in which most rod-like liquid crystal molecules are substantially vertically aligned. VA mode liquid crystal cells include (1) VA mode liquid crystal cells in a narrow sense in which rod-like liquid crystal molecules are aligned substantially vertically when no voltage is applied and substantially horizontally when voltage is applied (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 176625), and (2) a liquid crystal cell (in the MVA mode) in which the VA mode is multi-domain (in the MVA mode) in order to enlarge the viewing angle.
7. Digest of tech. Papers (Preliminary Collection) 28 (199
7) Description of 845), (3) a liquid crystal cell (n-ASM mode) in which rod-like liquid crystal molecules are substantially vertically aligned when no voltage is applied and twisted multi-domain alignment is performed when a voltage is applied (preliminary papers of the Japanese Liquid Crystal Symposium). Vol. 58-59 (1998)
And (4) a SURVAIVEAL mode liquid crystal cell (presented at LCD International 98).

[0122]

[Example 1] (Preparation of optical compensation sheet) Cellulose diacetate was applied to one surface of a cellulose triacetate film and dried, and an undercoat layer having a dry film thickness of 0.5 µm (rubbing treatment) was performed. Orientation film). 90 parts by weight of the following discotic liquid crystal molecule (1), 10 parts by weight of ethylene oxide-modified trimethylolpropane triacrylate (V # 360, manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Co., Ltd.), melamine formaldehyde / acrylic acid copolymer (Aldrich reagent) 0 0.6 parts by weight, 3.0 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 907, manufactured by Nippon Ciba Geigy Co., Ltd.) and 1.0 part by weight of a photosensitizer (Kayacure DETX, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) To prepare a coating solution having a solid content of 38% by weight.

[0123]

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The coating solution was applied on the undercoat layer and dried.
By heating at 130 ° C. for 2 minutes, the discotic liquid crystalline molecules were aligned. Immediately cool to room temperature, 500mJ / c
Irradiation with ultraviolet light of m ² was carried out to polymerize the discotic liquid crystalline molecules, and the alignment state was fixed. The thickness of the formed optically anisotropic layer was 1.7 μm. The angle dependence of the retardation of the optically anisotropic layer was measured with an ellipsometer (manufactured by JASCO Corporation). As a result, the average tilt angle of the discotic liquid crystal molecules was 0.2 °, and the retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction was 88 nm.

An optically compensatory sheet was produced by laminating an optically uniaxial polycarbonate film to the other surface of the cellulose triacetate film using an adhesive. An optically uniaxial polycarbonate film has an in-plane optical axis and has an in-plane retardation (R
e) is 50 nm, and the retardation in the thickness direction is n.
m. The in-plane retardation (Re) of the entire optical compensation sheet produced was 50 nm, and the retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction was 100 nm.

(Preparation of Elliptical Polarizing Plate) On the transparent support (polycarbonate film) side of the optical compensation sheet, a polarizing film and a transparent protective film were laminated in this order to prepare an elliptically polarizing plate. The transparent support was arranged such that the slow axis of the transparent support was parallel to the polarization axis of the polarizing film.

(Preparation of Liquid Crystal Display) The elliptically polarizing plate was removed from the commercially available VA liquid crystal display (LCD 5000), and the prepared elliptically polarizing plate was attached instead. VA created
When the omnidirectional contrast data was measured for the liquid crystal display device, the viewing angle at which a contrast ratio of 20: 1 was obtained was 160 ° vertically, horizontally, and horizontally. On the other hand, in a commercially available VA liquid crystal display device (LCD 5000), the viewing angle at which a contrast ratio of 20: 1 can be obtained is up, down, left, right, 1
It was 20 ゜.

[Example 2] (Preparation of optically biaxial transparent support) 87 parts by weight of cellulose triacetate, 10 parts by weight of triphenyl phosphate and an ultraviolet absorber (TM165, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.)
Was dissolved in methylene chloride to prepare a solution having a solid content of 18% by weight. The solution was cast on a glass plate and dried at 40 ° C. for 20 minutes. The formed film (thickness: 100 μm) was peeled off from the glass plate. 145 ° C for the prepared cellulose triacetate film
At a stress of 20 kg / mm ² for 10 minutes. Thus, the in-plane retardation (Re) is 20 nm,
An optically biaxial transparent support having a thickness direction retardation (Rth) of 80 nm was produced.

(Preparation of Optical Compensation Sheet) The coating liquid for the optically anisotropic layer used in Example 1 was applied onto an optically biaxial transparent support at 3 ml / m ² and dried at room temperature. 130 ° C
For 1 minute to align the discotic liquid crystal molecules, and irradiate with ultraviolet light to polymerize the discotic liquid crystal molecules and fix the alignment state. The angle dependence of the retardation of the optically anisotropic layer was measured with an ellipsometer (manufactured by JASCO Corporation). As a result, the average tilt angle of the discotic liquid crystalline molecules was 0.1 °. In-plane retardation (Re) of the entire optical compensation sheet produced
Is 20 nm, and the retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction is 1
It was 40 nm.

(Preparation of Elliptically Polarizing Plate) On the transparent support side of the optical compensation sheet, a polarizing film and a transparent protective film were laminated in this order to prepare an elliptically polarizing plate. The transparent support was arranged such that the slow axis of the transparent support was parallel to the polarization axis of the polarizing film.

(Preparation of Liquid Crystal Display) The elliptically polarizing plate was removed from a commercially available VA liquid crystal display (LCD 5000), and the prepared elliptically polarizing plate was attached instead. VA created
When the omnidirectional contrast data was measured for the liquid crystal display device, the viewing angle at which a contrast ratio of 20: 1 was obtained was 160 ° vertically, horizontally, and horizontally.

Example 3 (Preparation of Optically Biaxial Transparent Support) 85 parts by weight of cellulose triacetate, 10 parts by weight of triphenyl phosphate and an ultraviolet absorber (TM165, Sumitomo Chemical Co., Ltd.)
Was dissolved in methylene chloride to prepare a solution having a solid content of 18% by weight. The solution was cast on a glass plate and dried at 40 ° C. for 20 minutes. The formed film (thickness: 100 μm) was peeled off from the glass plate. 145 ° C for the prepared cellulose triacetate film
At a stress of 20 kg / mm ² for 10 minutes. Thus, the in-plane retardation (Re) is 50 nm,
An optically biaxial transparent support having a retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction of 120 nm was produced.

(Preparation of Optical Compensation Sheet) The coating liquid for the optically anisotropic layer used in Example 1 was applied onto an optically biaxial transparent support at 6 ml / m ² and dried at room temperature. 130 ° C
For 1 minute to align the discotic liquid crystal molecules, and irradiate with ultraviolet light to polymerize the discotic liquid crystal molecules and fix the alignment state. The angle dependence of the retardation of the optically anisotropic layer was measured with an ellipsometer (manufactured by JASCO Corporation). As a result, the average tilt angle of the discotic liquid crystalline molecules was 0.5 °. In-plane retardation (Re) of the entire optical compensation sheet produced
Is 50 nm, and the retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction is 2
It was 50 nm.

(Preparation of Elliptically Polarizing Plate) On the transparent support side of the optical compensation sheet, a polarizing film and a transparent protective film were laminated in this order to prepare an elliptically polarizing plate. The transparent support was arranged such that the slow axis of the transparent support was parallel to the polarization axis of the polarizing film.

(Preparation of Liquid Crystal Display) The elliptically polarizing plate was removed from a commercially available VA liquid crystal display (LCD 5000), and the prepared elliptically polarizing plate was attached instead. VA created
When the omnidirectional contrast data was measured for the liquid crystal display device, the viewing angle at which a contrast ratio of 20: 1 was obtained was 160 ° vertically, horizontally, and horizontally.

[Example 4] (Preparation of optically biaxial transparent support) Average acetylation degree 60.9
% Cellulose acetate, 2.35 parts by weight of the following retardation increasing agent, 2.75 parts by weight of triphenyl phosphate and 2.75 parts by weight of biphenyl diphenyl phosphate.
20 parts by weight of 232.75 parts by weight of methylene chloride, 42.57 parts by weight of methanol and 8.50 parts of n-butanol
It dissolved in parts by weight. The obtained solution was cast using a drum casting machine to prepare a cellulose acetate film having a thickness of 105 μm after drying.

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The cellulose acetate film was stretched at a substantial stretching ratio of 20% to produce an optically biaxial transparent support. The retardation of the transparent support at a wavelength of 633 nm was measured with an ellipsometer (M150, manufactured by JASCO Corporation). As a result, the retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction was 85 nm, and the in-plane retardation (Re) was 40 nm.

(Preparation of Optical Compensation Sheet) On one surface of the transparent support, gelatin was applied to form an undercoat layer. On the undercoat layer, an aqueous solution of the following modified polyvinyl alcohol (2% by weight) and glutaraldehyde (0.1% by weight) was applied and dried to form an alignment film having a thickness of 0.5 μm.

[0140]

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90 parts by weight of the discotic liquid crystalline molecule (1) used in Example 1, 10 parts by weight of ethylene oxide-modified trimethylolpropane triacrylate (V # 360, manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Co., Ltd.), melamine formaldehyde / acryl Acid copolymer (Aldrich reagent)
6 parts by weight, 3.0 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 907, manufactured by Nippon Ciba Geigy Co., Ltd.) and 1.0 part by weight of a photosensitizer (Kayacure DETX, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku Co., Ltd.) were added to methyl ethyl ketone 170 It was dissolved in parts by weight to prepare a coating solution. The coating solution was applied on the alignment film and dried.
By heating at 130 ° C. for 1 minute, the discotic liquid crystalline molecules were aligned. Further, ultraviolet rays were irradiated to polymerize the discotic liquid crystal molecules, and the alignment state was fixed. The thickness of the formed optically anisotropic layer was 1.2 μm. The retardation of the entire optical compensation sheet at a wavelength of 633 nm was measured with an ellipsometer (M150, manufactured by JASCO Corporation). As a result, the in-plane retardation (Re) was 40 m, and the retardation (R
th) was 160 nm.

(Preparation of Elliptically Polarizing Plate) On the transparent support side of the optical compensation sheet, a polarizing film and a transparent protective film were laminated in this order to prepare an elliptically polarizing plate. The transparent support was arranged such that the slow axis of the transparent support was parallel to the polarization axis of the polarizing film.

(Preparation of Liquid Crystal Display Device) The polarizing plate was deleted from a commercially available MVA liquid crystal display device (VL-1530S, manufactured by Fujitsu Ltd.), and the prepared elliptically polarizing plate was attached instead. With respect to the manufactured MVA liquid crystal display device, the viewing angle at which a contrast ratio of 10: 1 was obtained without image inversion was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 5 (Preparation of Optically Biaxial Transparent Support) 30 parts by weight of norbornene resin (ARTON, manufactured by JSR Corporation) was dissolved in 70 parts by weight of methylene chloride. The obtained solution was cast using a band casting machine to prepare a norbornene film having a thickness of 100 μm after drying. The norbornene film was stretched in the longitudinal direction at a substantial stretch ratio of 15%, and further stretched in the width direction at a substantial stretch ratio of 7% to produce an optically biaxial transparent support. The retardation of the transparent support at a wavelength of 633 nm was measured with an ellipsometer (M150, manufactured by JASCO Corporation). As a result, the retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction was 45 nm, and the in-plane retardation (Re) was 40 nm.

(Preparation of Optical Compensation Sheet) One surface of the transparent support was subjected to corona discharge treatment. On the surface subjected to the corona discharge treatment, the modified polyvinyl alcohol 2 used in Example 4 was used.
An aqueous solution containing 0.1% by weight of glutaraldehyde and 0.1% by weight of glutaraldehyde was applied and dried to form an alignment film having a thickness of 0.5 μm. 90 parts by weight of the discotic liquid crystal molecule (1) used in Example 1, 10 parts by weight of ethylene oxide-modified trimethylolpropane triacrylate (V # 360, manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Co., Ltd.), melamine formaldehyde / acrylic acid copolymer ( 0.6 parts by weight of an Aldrich reagent), 3.0 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 907, manufactured by Nippon Ciba Geigy) and 1.0 part by weight of a photosensitizer (Kayacure DETX, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku) Department
It was dissolved in 170 parts by weight of methyl ethyl ketone to prepare a coating solution. The coating solution was applied on the alignment film and dried. 13
By heating at 0 ° C. for 1 minute, the discotic liquid crystalline molecules were aligned. Further, ultraviolet rays were irradiated to polymerize the discotic liquid crystal molecules, and the alignment state was fixed. The thickness of the formed optically anisotropic layer was 1.4 μm. Wavelength 6
The retardation of the entire optical compensation sheet at 33 nm was measured using an ellipsometer (M150, JASCO Corporation).
Manufactured). As a result, the in-plane retardation (R
e) was 30 m, and the retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction was 120 nm.

(Preparation of Elliptically Polarizing Plate) On the transparent support side of the optical compensation sheet, a polarizing film and a transparent protective film were laminated in this order to prepare an elliptically polarizing plate. The transparent support was arranged such that the slow axis of the transparent support was parallel to the polarization axis of the polarizing film.

(Preparation of Liquid Crystal Display Device) The polarizing plate was deleted from a commercially available MVA liquid crystal display device (VL-1530S, manufactured by Fujitsu Ltd.), and the prepared elliptically polarizing plate was attached instead. With respect to the manufactured MVA liquid crystal display device, the viewing angle at which a contrast ratio of 10: 1 was obtained without image inversion was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

Example 6 (Preparation of Optically Biaxial Transparent Support) A commercially available polycarbonate film (manufactured by Teijin Limited) was stretched in the longitudinal direction at a substantial stretching ratio of 40% and further substantially stretched in the width direction. 15% magnification
To produce an optically biaxial transparent support. Wavelength 6
The retardation of the transparent support at 33 nm was measured with an ellipsometer (M150, manufactured by JASCO Corporation). As a result, the retardation in the thickness direction (Rth)
Is 100 nm and the in-plane retardation (Re) is 200.
nm.

(Preparation of Optical Compensation Sheet) One surface of the transparent support was subjected to corona discharge treatment. On the surface subjected to the corona discharge treatment, the modified polyvinyl alcohol 2 used in Example 4 was used.
An aqueous solution containing 0.1% by weight of glutaraldehyde and 0.1% by weight of glutaraldehyde was applied and dried to form an alignment film having a thickness of 0.5 μm. 90 parts by weight of the discotic liquid crystal molecule (1) used in Example 1, 10 parts by weight of ethylene oxide-modified trimethylolpropane triacrylate (V # 360, manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Co., Ltd.), melamine formaldehyde / acrylic acid copolymer ( 0.6 parts by weight of an Aldrich reagent), 3.0 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 907, manufactured by Nippon Ciba Geigy) and 1.0 part by weight of a photosensitizer (Kayacure DETX, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku) Department
It was dissolved in 170 parts by weight of methyl ethyl ketone to prepare a coating solution. The coating solution was applied on the alignment film and dried. 13
By heating at 0 ° C. for 1 minute, the discotic liquid crystalline molecules were aligned. Further, ultraviolet rays were irradiated to polymerize the discotic liquid crystal molecules, and the alignment state was fixed. The thickness of the formed optically anisotropic layer was 3.5 μm. Wavelength 6
The retardation of the entire optical compensation sheet at 33 nm was measured using an ellipsometer (M150, JASCO Corporation).
Manufactured). As a result, the in-plane retardation (R
e) is 200 m, retardation in the thickness direction (Rth)
Was 300 nm.

(Preparation of Elliptically Polarizing Plate) On the transparent support side of the optical compensation sheet, a polarizing film and a transparent protective film were laminated in this order to prepare an elliptically polarizing plate. The transparent support was arranged such that the slow axis of the transparent support was parallel to the polarization axis of the polarizing film.

(Preparation of Liquid Crystal Display Device) The polarizing plate was deleted from a commercially available MVA liquid crystal display device (VL-1530S, manufactured by Fujitsu Ltd.), and the prepared elliptically polarizing plate was attached instead. With respect to the manufactured MVA liquid crystal display device, the viewing angle at which a contrast ratio of 10: 1 was obtained without image inversion was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

Comparative Example 1 (Preparation of Optically Isotropic Transparent Support) A commercially available cellulose triacetate film (manufactured by Fuji Photo Film Co., Ltd.) was used as a transparent support. The retardation of the transparent support at a wavelength of 633 nm was measured using an ellipsometer (M1
50, manufactured by JASCO Corporation. As a result, the retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction was 40 nm, and the in-plane retardation (Re) was 3 nm, which was substantially optically isotropic.

(Preparation of Optical Compensation Sheet) On one surface of the transparent support, gelatin was applied to form an undercoat layer. On the undercoat layer, an aqueous solution of 2% by weight of the modified polyvinyl alcohol used in Example 4 and 0.1% by weight of glutaraldehyde was applied and dried to form an alignment film having a thickness of 0.5 μm. 90 parts by weight of the discotic liquid crystal molecule (1) used in Example 1, 10 parts by weight of ethylene oxide-modified trimethylolpropane triacrylate (V # 360, manufactured by Osaka Organic Chemical Co., Ltd.), melamine formaldehyde / acrylic acid copolymer ( 0.6 parts by weight of an Aldrich reagent), 3.0 parts by weight of a photopolymerization initiator (Irgacure 907, manufactured by Nippon Ciba Geigy) and 1.0 part by weight of a photosensitizer (Kayacure DETX, manufactured by Nippon Kayaku) Department
It was dissolved in 170 parts by weight of methyl ethyl ketone to prepare a coating solution. The coating solution was applied on the alignment film and dried. 13
By heating at 0 ° C. for 1 minute, the discotic liquid crystalline molecules were aligned. Further, ultraviolet rays were irradiated to polymerize the discotic liquid crystal molecules, and the alignment state was fixed. The thickness of the formed optically anisotropic layer was 2.0 μm. Wavelength 6
The retardation of the entire optical compensation sheet at 33 nm was measured using an ellipsometer (M150, JASCO Corporation).
Manufactured). As a result, the in-plane retardation (R
e) is 3 m, and the retardation (Rth) in the thickness direction is 2
It was 40 nm.

(Preparation of Elliptically Polarizing Plate) On the transparent support side of the optical compensation sheet, a polarizing film and a transparent protective film were laminated in this order to prepare an elliptically polarizing plate. The transparent support was arranged such that the slow axis of the transparent support was parallel to the polarization axis of the polarizing film.

(Preparation of Liquid Crystal Display Device) The polarizing plate was deleted from a commercially available MVA liquid crystal display device (VL-1530S, manufactured by Fujitsu Ltd.), and the prepared elliptically polarizing plate was attached instead. With respect to the manufactured MVA liquid crystal display device, the viewing angle at which a contrast ratio of 10: 1 was obtained without image inversion was measured. The results are shown in Table 1.

Reference Example 1 A commercially available MVA liquid crystal display device (VL-1530S, manufactured by Fujitsu Limited) was measured for a viewing angle at which a contrast ratio of 10: 1 was obtained without image inversion. The results are shown in Table 1.

[0157]

TABLE 1 Letter of MVA liquid crystal optical compensation sheet Dating viewing angle display device Re Rth up / down / left / right oblique up / down / left / right ──────────────────────────────────── Example 4 40 nm 160 nm 80 ゜ 80 ゜ Example 5 30 nm 120 nm 80 ゜ 75 ゜ Example 6 200 nm 300 nm 80 ゜ 60 ゜ Comparative Example 1 3 nm 240 nm 80 ゜ 55 ゜ Reference Example 1 No optical compensation sheet 80 ゜ 45 ゜───────────────────────────────

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram showing a basic configuration of a transmission type liquid crystal display device.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram showing a basic configuration of a reflection type liquid crystal display device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 BR Backlight RP Reflector 1, 1a, 1b, 1c Transparent protective film 2, 2a, 2b Polarizing film 3, 3a, 3b Transparent support 4, 4a, 4b Optically anisotropic layer 5a Lower substrate of liquid crystal cell 5b Liquid crystal cell Upper substrate 6 Rod-like liquid crystalline molecules

Claims (7)

[Claims] 1. An optical compensation sheet having a transparent support and an optically anisotropic layer formed from discotic liquid crystalline molecules, wherein the transparent support has optical uniaxiality or optical biaxiality, An optical compensation sheet, wherein the discotic liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a state where the average tilt angle between the disc surface of the discotic liquid crystal molecules and the surface of the transparent support is less than 5 °. 2. A transparent support having an in-plane retardation (R) defined by the following formula in the range of 10 to 1000 nm.
The optical compensation sheet according to claim 1, comprising e). Re = (nx−ny) × d, where nx and ny are the in-plane refractive indices of the transparent support, and d is the thickness of the transparent support. 3. The optical compensation sheet according to claim 1, wherein the transparent support has a retardation (Rth) in a thickness direction defined by the following formula in a range of 10 to 1000 nm. Rth = [{(nx + ny) / 2} -nz] × d [where nx and ny are in-plane refractive indices of the transparent support, nz is a refractive index in the thickness direction of the transparent support, and d
Is the thickness of the transparent support]. 4. The optical compensation sheet has a thickness of 20 to 200 nm.
The optical compensation sheet according to claim 1, which has an in-plane retardation (Re) defined by the following formula in the range of: Re = (nx−ny) × d where nx and ny are the in-plane refractive indices of the optical compensation sheet, and d is the thickness of the optical compensation sheet. 5. The optical compensatory sheet has a thickness of 70 to 500 nm.
The optical compensatory sheet according to claim 1, which has a retardation (Rth) in a thickness direction defined by the following formula: Rth = [{(nx + ny) / 2} −nz] × d [where nx and ny are in-plane refractive indices of the optical compensation sheet, and nz is a refractive index in the thickness direction of the optical compensation sheet; And d is the thickness of the optical compensation sheet]. 6. An elliptically polarizing plate having a transparent support, an optically anisotropic layer formed of discotic liquid crystalline molecules, a polarizing film and a transparent protective film, wherein the transparent support is optically uniaxial or optical. It has biaxiality and the average tilt angle between the discotic liquid crystal molecule disc surface and the transparent support surface is 5
An elliptically polarizing plate wherein the discotic liquid crystal molecules are oriented in a state of less than ゜. 7. A liquid crystal display device comprising a VA mode liquid crystal cell and two polarizing elements disposed on both sides thereof, wherein at least one of the polarizing elements is formed of a transparent support and discotic liquid crystal molecules. Elliptically polarizing plate having an optically anisotropic layer, a polarizing film, and a transparent protective film, wherein the transparent support has optical uniaxial or optical biaxiality, and the discotic liquid crystal molecules have a transparent surface and a transparent surface. A liquid crystal display device wherein the discotic liquid crystalline molecules are oriented in a state where the average inclination angle with respect to the support surface is less than 5 °.