JP2000271553A - Waste disposal site - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To lay an impervious sheet surely on an inclined plane, and protect it from being damaged, and retains its impervious stopping capability over a long period of time even when cracks occur by forming the sheet of the upper and lower sheets, and forming an impervious fibrous layer on the lower side of the lower sheet. SOLUTION: After an impervious bottom layer 2 is formed on an excavation site 1a formed on ground 1, a base fibrous layer 21 is blown to the slope 5 of the site 1a, and an impervious sheet 24 is placed on the flattened surface. Sand is put into the bottom part of the impervious sheet 24 to form an intermediate protection layer 25, and an intermediate fibrous layer is blown along the inclned plane of the impervious sheet 24. That is, when sand 23 is blown to the slope 5, fibers 22 are blown with high-pressure water to the same spot of the slope 5. In addition, at the time when sand 28 is blown to the surface of the impervious sheet 24, fibers 27 are blown together with high-pressure water, and another impervious sheet 29 is placed on the flattened surface of sand 28. Then, fibers 31, 34 are blown together with sand on the impervious sheet 29 to construct a surface protection layer 30 and a greening layer 33.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a waste disposal site having an impermeable layer.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art FIGS. 8 to 11 are cross-sectional views showing an example of a waste disposal site for depositing and disposing of industrial waste. Part, 2a is a bottom impermeable layer covering the bottom of the excavated part 1a, 2b
Is an inclined portion impermeable layer covering the bottom impermeable layer 2a so as to be in contact with the slope 5; 2 is a water impermeable layer composed of the bottom impermeable layer 2a and the inclined portion impermeable layer 2b; The waterproof sheet 4 laid thereon is laid above the slope 5 of the waterproof sheet 3, and a protective mat for protecting the waterproof sheet 3, 6 is deposited on the bottom 7 side of the waterproof sheet 3. , Protective sand for protecting the sheet 3.

[0003] The water-impervious layer 2 composed of the bottom water-impervious layer 2a and the inclined water-impervious layer 2b is usually composed of an aggregate such as sand and gravel as a main material, a low water-permeable material including bentonite and kaolin, etc.
These materials are mixed with a solidifying material such as cement to stir and mix them with a mixer to form a water-blocking structural material.
It is constructed as a water-blocking layer 2 so as to cover the excavated portion 1a.
At the time of constructing the water-impervious layer 2, as shown in FIG. 10, a water-impervious structural material is cast so as to cover the bottom of the excavated part 1a, and a bottom water-impervious layer 2a is provided. The sloped water-impervious layer 2b is formed by placing a water-impervious structure material on the outer peripheral edge of the base material so as to be in contact with the slope 5. Excavation part 1a,
The slope 5 is not actually flat, but has irregularities due to the deformation of the ground such as rocks as shown in FIGS. 10 and 11. The impermeable layer 2 made of 2b is constructed.

After smoothing the water-impervious layer 2 and laying the water-impervious sheet 3 in close contact with it, a protective mat 4 made of nonwoven fabric having a thickness of about 10 mm is laid on the sheet 3. Put the protective sand 6 and complete as a waste disposal site. The protection mat 4 has a light-shielding property and prevents heat and ultraviolet rays from reaching the water-blocking sheet 3 to prevent deterioration of the water-blocking sheet 3.

[0005]

According to the conventional waste disposal site, first, the slope 5 has a slope because the strength of the water-blocking structural material of the sloped water-blocking layer 2b is low. Therefore, the water barrier layer 2b having a large thickness cannot be formed on the slope 5 because it easily collapses along the slope. Secondly, the strength of the inclined portion impermeable layer 2b is low and the thickness thereof cannot be increased. Therefore, if there is unevenness due to deformation of the ground such as rocks, stress due to the unevenness concentrates on a part of the impermeable sheet 3. In some cases, the impermeable sheet 3 may be damaged. Third, when the ground 1 sinks, a crack occurs in the water-blocking sheet 3, and water passes through the crack, thereby deteriorating the water-blocking performance. In addition, as disclosed in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H10-235306, it is known to provide a fiber-containing layer above and below a single impermeable sheet, but this is a single impermeable sheet. Therefore, a sufficient water-blocking effect was not obtained, so that reliability could not be improved.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made to solve the above-mentioned problems, and it is possible to reliably drive a vehicle on an inclined surface without flowing along the inclined surface when the vehicle is driven on the inclined surface. In addition to protecting the water sheet without damaging it and aiming to exhibit long-term water-blocking performance even if cracks occur, multiple sheets of water-proof sheet will provide sufficient water-blocking effect Things.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste disposal site, wherein the impermeable sheet comprises a lower first sheet and an upper second sheet. A water-impervious fiber layer is formed on the side.

[0008] A waste disposal site according to a second aspect of the present invention has a water-permeable fiber layer formed between the first sheet and the second sheet.

A waste disposal site according to a third aspect of the present invention is one in which bentonite is mixed in the fiber layer.

[0010]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

Embodiment 1 FIGS. 1 and 2 are sectional views showing an example of a waste disposal site according to the first embodiment of the present invention, and the same components as those in FIGS. 8 and 11 are denoted by the same reference numerals. In this case, 21 is a continuous fiber 22 and bentonite B on the outer peripheral edge of the bottom impermeable layer 2a so as to be in contact with the slope 5.
Is a water-impervious base fiber layer formed by spraying sand 23 mixed with water, and a lower first water-impervious layer formed by laying on the bottom water-impervious layer 2a and the base fiber layer 21 in close contact with each other. The sheet 25 is an intermediate protective layer formed by putting sand in the bottom of the first waterproof sheet 24, and the continuous fiber 27 is formed so as to be in contact with the outer peripheral edge of the intermediate protective layer 25 and the first waterproof sheet 24. A water-permeable intermediate fiber layer 29 formed by spraying sand 28, an upper second water-impervious sheet 29 laid and formed so as to be in close contact with the intermediate protective layer 25 and the intermediate fiber layer 26, 30 A surface protective layer formed by spraying continuous fibers 31 and sand 32 on the outer peripheral edge of the protective sand 6 so as to be in contact with the second water barrier sheet 29;
Numeral 3 is a greening layer formed by spraying soil improving material such as continuous fiber 34, sand 35 and fertilizer on the surface protective layer 32, and 36 is a plant planted on the greening layer 33. The base fiber layer 21 and the intermediate fiber layer 2 in which the strength is reinforced by mixing about 1% of the fibers 22 and 27 made of polyester to increase the thickness on the inclined surface
6 are formed, and the fiber layers 21 and 26 are
When the first water-impervious sheet 24 is damaged, such as a crack, the bentonite B constituting the base fiber layer 21 absorbs water and expands, thereby repairing the damage.

The mechanical strength of the base fiber layer 21 and the intermediate fiber layer 26 is such that the fibers 22, 27, 31, and 34 are mixed to cause mutual friction between the sand 23, 28, 32, and 35 particles. , The looped or crossed fibers 22,
27, 31, and 34 hinder the relative movement of the sands 23, 28, 32, and 35 to reinforce the mechanical strength.

The method of constructing this waste disposal site is the same as in the prior art. After providing the bottom impermeable layer 2a on the concave excavated portion 1a, first, the base fiber layer 21 is sprayed along the slope 5 The surface is flattened with a spatula or the like, and the first water-impervious sheet 24 is laid on the flattened surface. Sand is put in the bottom of the first water-impervious sheet 24 to provide an intermediate protective layer 25, and the intermediate fiber layer 26 is sprayed along the inclined surface of the first water-impervious sheet 24 for construction.

The apparatus for spraying the base fiber layer 21 and the intermediate fiber layer 26 will be described. As shown in FIG. 3, reference numeral 41 denotes a blower for mixing sands 23 and 28, and reference numeral 42 denotes a blower for supplying compressed air to the blower 41. A compressor 43 is connected to the spraying machine 41, a hose through which the compressed air mixed with the sands 23 and 28 passes, a 44 is connected to the hose 43, and an ejector for determining the blowing direction of the sands 23 and 28, and 45 is an ejector 44
Nozzles that blow sand 23 and 28 from
A tank for storing water 46 for spraying 2, 27;
6 is a high-pressure pump for increasing the pressure, 48 is a hose through which the high-pressure water 46 passes, 49 is the high-pressure water 46 from the hose 48 and the fibers 22,
Ejector for mixing with 27, 50 for ejector 4
A management device for managing the supply amount of the fibers 22, 27 to 9;
0a is a thread feeder around which the fibers 22 and 27 to be supplied to the management device 50 are wound, 51 is a nozzle for spraying the fibers 22 and 27 on high-pressure water 46, and 52 is a spraying machine 41
And a high-pressure pump 47.

A method of building using the apparatus for spraying the base fiber layer 21 on the slope 5 will be described. As shown in FIG.
About 0 to 20% of bentonite B and sand 23 are mixed in advance with a mixer, and the fiber 22 is mixed with the sand 23 when the sand 23 is mixed with the sand 23 when compressed air is added from a nozzle 45 to the slope 5. Is sprayed onto the same portion of the slope 5 with the high-pressure water 46 compressed from the nozzle 51. When the fibers 22 are blown with compressed air, the fibers 22 fly upward, so that a mixture containing water 46 is blown. Since the base fiber layer 21 having a thick layer is constructed in this way, even if the excavated portion 1a has irregularities, the surface can be smoothed. Since the sand 23 mixed with the bentonite B is sprayed, high water-blocking performance can be maintained for a long time without requiring compaction.

An intermediate fiber layer 26 is formed on the first water-impervious sheet 24.
Similarly, when the sand 28 is blown onto the surface of the first impermeable sheet 24 by applying compressed air from the nozzle 45 to the surface of the first waterproof sheet 24, the fiber 27 is blown from the nozzle 51 together with the high-pressure water 46, and the intermediate fiber After spraying the layer 26, the surface of the sand 28 is smoothed by using a spatula or the like, and a second surface is applied to this surface.
It is formed by attaching a water-blocking sheet 29. Fiber 22, 27
Is sprayed together with the water 46, so that it is desirable to have no break and continuous. Since the intermediate fiber layer 26 is water-permeable, a hole such as a pinhole is opened in the second water-impervious sheet 29, and even if water leaks from this hole, the intermediate protective layer 25 is formed.
This water can be drained by passing it through a drain pipe. Further, since the water-impervious sheet has a two-layer structure of the first water-impervious sheet 24 and the second water-impervious sheet 29, even if one of them is broken, the other can reinforce water leakage and improve reliability. it can.

On the second water-impervious sheet 29, fibers 31 and 35 are similarly formed together with sands 32 and 35 by using the above-mentioned spraying device.
The surface protection layer 30 and the greening layer 33 are built by spraying. The greening layer 33 is constructed so that the plants 36 can be grown on the greening layer 33, and is completed as a disposal site.

As shown in FIG. 5, the base fiber layer 21 and the intermediate fiber layer 26 have a strength higher than that of the conventional inclined section water barrier layer 2b because the sands 23 and 28 and the fibers 22 and 27 are tightly bonded. Strong, self-supporting without collapsing along the slope of the slope 5, can easily cover all of the slope 5, with a thickness desired in a single construction, for example, a thickness of 50 cm or more Slope 5
Can be reliably built.

As shown in FIG. 6, the base fiber layer 21 having a thickness and strength protects the first water-impervious sheet 24. 22 is dispersed and the stress is absorbed by the sand 23, so that the first impermeable sheet 24 is not damaged.

After the disposal site is completed, the waste is transported by heavy equipment and deposited on the protective sand 6 and the greening layer 33. When the disposal site is completed, the surface protection layer 30, greening layer 33,
Since the intermediate fiber layer 29 has been completed, the heavy machinery
Intermediate fiber layer 2 with thickness and strength
6. Since the surface protection layer 30 serves as a cushioning material to disperse the load of the heavy equipment and protect the water shielding sheets 24, 29, the water shielding sheets 24, 29 are not damaged.

The yield strain of the base fiber layer 21 and the intermediate fiber layer 26 is about 6 to 10%, and the yield strain of only the sands 23 and 28 is 2 to 6%. Even when a local strain is generated, the deformation can follow the distortion, and the water-blocking sheets 24 and 29 are prevented from being damaged due to the same cause.

As shown in FIG. 7, when the ground 1 subsides unequally or the ground 1 is distorted due to an earthquake or the like, the second waterproof sheet 29 protected by the intermediate fiber layer 26 is damaged. However, cracks C may be generated in the first impermeable sheet 24.

The repairability of the damaged portion of the base fiber layer 21 will be described. Bentonite B having excellent swelling property of the base fiber layer 21 swells with water, enters the crack C, and penetrates. The swollen bentonite B is the underlying fiber layer 2
1. Since the crack C of the first water shielding sheet 24 is closed, water does not leak through the crack C. Therefore, even if the crack C occurs, the base fiber layer 21 can exhibit the same or higher water blocking performance than before the occurrence of the crack.

The surface protection layer 30 and the greening layer 33 using the highly light-shielding sands 32 and 35 block light so that direct sunlight does not enter the water-shielding sheets 24 and 29, thereby forming the water-shielding sheet 2.
4 and 29 can be prevented, and the water blocking performance of the water blocking sheets 24 and 29 can be prevented from deteriorating.

The fibers 32, 35 made of about 1% polyester are mixed with the sands 32, 35 to form the surface protective layer 3.
0. By supplementing the strength of the greening layer 33, it is possible to protect the heavy equipment from working on the water-impermeable sheets 24, 29 and to prevent waste from damaging the water-impermeable sheets 24, 29.

Even if the timber is mixed in the waste, the intermediate fiber layer 26, the surface protection layer 30, and the greening layer 33 are strong. Although the plant 36 is pierced into the surface and some of the plants 36 are damaged, the water-impervious sheets 24 and 29 are covered with the surface protective layer 30 and the intermediate fiber layer 26.
The tip of the timber is covered with the first waterproof sheet 24
It is not pierced and is not damaged.

The water permeability of the intermediate fiber layer 26, the surface protection layer 30, and the greening layer 33 is approximately equal to the water permeability of only the sands 28, 32, and 35 because the fibers 27, 31, and 34 of about 1% are mixed. It is the same and has the same permeability.

In the greening layer 33, since the sand 35 and the fiber 34 are tightly bonded, even if water flows on the surface due to rain, a small part of the sand 35 flows out. Since the inside is protected, it does not collapse along the slope of the slope 5, and the greening layer 33 is not denatured even if exposed for a long time. Further, in the greening layer 33, the roots of the plant 36 are intricately entangled with the fiber 34, thereby increasing the mutual strength. Since the greening layer 33 is provided on the surface protection layer 30, a plant 36 of the same kind as the site may be used, and the landscape is not disturbed in conformity with the surrounding landscape.

In order to reinforce the strength of the flat portion, the fiber 2 is applied to the bottom water-impervious layer 2a, the intermediate protective layer 25, and the protective sand 6.
2, 26, 31, and 34 may be mixed and built.

As the sands 23, 28, 32, and 35, purchased sand may be used, or locally generated soil generated when the ground 1 is excavated in a concave shape. The locally generated soil is dried and sandy. The base fiber layer 21, the intermediate fiber layer 26, the surface protection layer 30, and the greening layer 33 may be constructed using the sandy locally generated soil. The cement may be mixed with the sands 23, 28, 32, 35 to reinforce the strength.

Although the bentonite B was previously mixed with the sand 23 by a mixer, it may be mixed by a spraying machine 41. After the sand 23 is sprayed, the bentonite B is sprayed on the excavation part 1a. You may make it stir and mix with a stabilizer.

Further, the fibers 22, 26, 31,
34 is, in addition to polyester, nylon, polypropylene, polyvinyl chloride fiber, glass fiber, silicon carbide fiber, carbon fiber, ceramic fiber, steel fiber, cotton yarn, hemp, rayon, acetate fiber, silk yarn,
Any one or more or all of hair may be used.

Thus, the fiber layers 21 and 26 are provided by spraying the sands 23 and 28 in which the fibers 22 and 27 are mixed along the inclined surface of the slope 5, so that the fibers 22 and 27 are ,
28 to prevent relative movement and to reinforce the strength.
The fiber layers 21 and 26 having a thickness and strength on the inclined surface can be reliably formed without being collapsed along the plane. Fiber layers 21 and 2
6 protects the impermeable sheets 24 and 29, so that the excavation part 1a
Even if stress is generated from the unevenness, the fiber 22 of the base fiber layer 21 disperses the stress and is absorbed by the sand 23, so that the water shielding sheet 24 is not damaged and the ground 1
Of the fiber layers 21 and 26, even if the
Since the sands 23 and 28 absorb the strain stress by dispersing the strains 4 and 27, the water-blocking sheets 24 and 29 are not damaged at the same time, and the water-blocking performance can be maintained. Since bentonite B is mixed with the base fiber layer 21, when breakage such as a crack occurs in the water-blocking sheet 24, the bentonite B absorbs water leaking from the crack and expands. Waterproof performance can be demonstrated over a wide range.

[0034]

As described above, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the water-impervious sheet is composed of the lower first sheet and the upper second sheet. Since the water-impervious fiber layer is formed, when the fiber layer is cast on the inclined surface, this fiber layer does not flow along the inclined surface, and can be reliably cast on the inclined surface. In addition to being able to protect without breaking, even if a crack occurs, it is possible to exhibit the water-blocking performance for a long period of time, and it is possible to exhibit a sufficient water-blocking effect with a plurality of water-blocking sheets. Since both sheets are present, reliability can be improved.

According to the second aspect of the present invention, the water-permeable fiber layer is formed between the first sheet and the second sheet, so that when the sheet is cast on the inclined surface, the surface is formed on the inclined surface. It does not flow along and can be reliably installed on the inclined surface, protects the waterproof sheet without damaging it, and even if cracks occur, it can demonstrate the waterproof performance over a long period, The water-blocking sheet can exert a sufficient water-blocking effect, and even if the ground sinks, the first sheet and the second sheet are not damaged at the same time, and a water-permeable intermediate fiber layer is formed. Therefore, drainage equipment can be built in this fiber layer, and drainage in the intermediate fiber layer can be enhanced.

Further, according to the third aspect of the present invention, since the fiber layer is formed by mixing bentonite, the fiber layer does not flow along the inclined surface when it is cast on the inclined surface, and is reliably formed on the inclined surface. In addition to being able to be cast and protected without damaging the water-impervious sheet, even if cracks occur, the water-impervious performance can be exhibited over a long period of time, and multiple water-impervious sheets can exhibit sufficient water-impervious effects In addition, even if the lower first sheet is damaged, the bentonite expands into the damaged first sheet and repairs the same, so that the water blocking performance can be maintained.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view illustrating a configuration of a waste disposal site according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a waste disposal site according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 3 is a block diagram showing an apparatus for spraying a fiber layer according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing an operation of spraying a fiber layer according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 5 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a waste disposal site according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view when stress is applied to the waste disposal site according to the first embodiment.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view when the waste disposal site according to the first embodiment is damaged.

FIG. 8 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a conventional waste disposal site.

FIG. 9 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a conventional waste disposal site.

FIG. 10 is a sectional view showing a configuration of a conventional waste disposal site.

FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view when stress is applied to a conventional waste disposal site.

[Explanation of symbols]

1 ground, 1a excavated part, 2a bottom impermeable layer, 5 slope, 6 protective sand, 21 ground fiber layer, 22 fiber, 23
Sand, 24 first impermeable sheet, 25 intermediate protective layer, 26
Intermediate fiber layer, 27 fibers, 28 sand, 29 second impermeable sheet, 30 surface protection layer, 33 greening layer.

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Taku Ohori 2-1 Tsukudo-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Headquarters of Kumagaya Gumi Tokyo Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takahiro Shimizu 2-1 Tsukudo-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Kumagai Gumi Tokyo Head Office (72) Inventor: Satoshi Yokozuka 2-1 Tsukudo-cho, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo Kumagaya Gumi Tokyo Head Office (72) Inventor Katsumi Mizuno 1-9-1 Edobori, Nishi-ku, Osaka-shi Yutaka Yuki Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Tadashi Hamako 8-14-14 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Nippon Special Construction Co., Ltd. 72) Inventor Yoji Kikuchi 8-14-14 Ginza, Chuo-ku, Tokyo F-term in Nittoku Construction Co., Ltd. 2D018 DA03 4D004 AA46 BB04

Claims (3)

[Claims] In a waste disposal site comprising a water-impervious sheet provided along the inner surface of a recess formed by excavating the surface of the ground, the water-impervious sheet comprises a lower first sheet and an upper second sheet.
A waste disposal site comprising a sheet and a water-blocking fiber layer formed below the first sheet. 2. A water-permeable fiber layer is formed between the first sheet and the second sheet.
Waste disposal site described in. 3. The waste disposal site according to claim 1, wherein the fiber layer is formed by mixing bentonite.