JP2000249970A - Display device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a display device where a blurred picture is hardly viewed because the depth of focus is deep and further secrecy in terms of a displayed picture is made high. SOLUTION: This device is provided with a white LED 12 being a point light source emitting white light, a condenser lens 14, a liquid crystal display 16 and an image-formation lens 18. The LED 12 has conjugate relation with the pupil on the front surface of an eyeball 22, and the display 16 has conjugate relation with the retina 24. Since light condensed by a condensing optical system is given to a spatial optical modulation means from the point light source, the emitting angle of light emitted from the spatial optical modulation means gets comparatively small. Therefore, a converging angle in the eyeball when the light is made incident on the eyeball is small and the depth of focus gets deep. Then, the picture is hardly blurred when a focus is deviated from the retina.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a display device having a spatial light modulator such as a liquid crystal display.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art As a display device, a liquid crystal display (L) is used.
CD) are widely known. For example, FIG.
As shown in FIG. 8, the display device 300 includes a fluorescent lamp 302 as a light source, a liquid crystal display 304 that modulates light from the fluorescent lamp 302 and selectively transmits the light, and a light from the liquid crystal display 304 that is used by a user. And an imaging lens 306 that forms an image on the retina 310 in the eyeball 308.
With the display device 300 configured as described above, the user can observe an image using light modulated by the liquid crystal display 304.

[0003]

However, FIG.
The display device described in the above has the following problems. First, since the fluorescent lamp 302, which is a diffusion light source, is used as a light source, there is a problem that an in-focus range is narrow and an image is easily blurred. That is, the liquid crystal display 304
At one point above, light emitted from the entire area of the fluorescent lamp 302 via the virtual stop 314 for explanation has a stop angle θ.
1, the emission angle θ2 of the light emitted from one point on the liquid crystal display 304 becomes the stop angle θ1.
It is about the same size as. Then, only the portion of the emission angle θ2 at the angle θ3 enters the imaging lens 306, and further, of the light passing through the imaging lens 306, the iris 316
Only the part d1 that enters the pupil surrounded by
And reaches the retina 310. In this manner, light emitted from one point on the liquid crystal display 304 is
Is formed on the retina 310 at a relatively large stop-down angle θ4 having a size corresponding to almost the entire region. Therefore, the retina 310
The focusing range of the light focused on the retina 3 is narrow.
Even if it is slightly shifted before and after from 10 above,
The image will appear blurry.

Further, according to the above-described technique, since the angle of emergence θ2 of the light emitted from one point of the liquid crystal display 304 is large, the image displayed on the liquid crystal display 304 when the liquid crystal display 304 is exposed to the outside. Is seen by anyone other than the user, and the confidentiality of the displayed image is extremely low.

Further, according to the above-mentioned technique, since the liquid crystal display 304 is illuminated by using the fluorescent lamp 302 as a light source, the power consumption is large. There is a problem that the consumption of the material becomes severe.

Accordingly, a main object of the present invention is to provide a display device which has a wide focusing range of light formed on a retina and hardly makes an image appear blurred.

A further object of the present invention is to provide a display device in which the image of the spatial light modulator is not seen by anyone other than the user and the display image is highly confidential.

Still another object of the present invention is to provide a display device which consumes less power and can suppress battery consumption even when incorporated in a portable device.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display device, comprising: a point light source that emits white light;
A condensing optical system for condensing light from the point light source, a spatial light modulating means for modulating the light condensed by the condensing optical system, and an image of the light modulated by the spatial light modulating means. An imaging optical system.

According to the first aspect, since the light condensed by the condensing optical system from the point light source is given to the spatial light modulating means, the emission angle of the light emitted from the spatial light modulating means is relatively small. Therefore, when this light enters the eyeball, the angle of focusing in the eyeball is small, and the depth of focus is deep. Therefore, when the focus deviates from the retina, almost no image blur occurs.

Further, since the light emitted from the spatial light modulating means has a relatively small exit angle, an image formed by the light modulated by the spatial light modulating means can be used only by an observer located at a predetermined position behind the imaging optical system. It can be hardly observed.

Further, since the point light source emits white light, a full-color image can be displayed by the spatial light modulator.

Further, in the display device according to the present invention, in the image forming optical system, the point light source and the first point located at an arbitrary distance behind the image forming optical system are substantially in a conjugate relationship. And the spatial light modulating means and a second point substantially behind the first point by a distance between the pupil and the retina are arranged in a substantially conjugate relationship. ing.

According to the second aspect, since the point light source and the first point (pupil) have a substantially conjugate relationship, most of the light passing through the light collecting optical system can be guided into the pupil. Therefore, the light emission power of the point light source required to cause a constant light power to enter the pupil may be small, and the power consumed by the point light source can be reduced.

The spatial light modulator and the second point (retina)
Has a substantially conjugate relationship, so that an image formed by light modulated by the spatial light modulator can be observed.

Further, in the display device according to the third aspect, the point light source is one in which a fluorescent substance is provided outside a blue light emitting diode or an ultraviolet light emitting diode.

According to the third aspect, since the point light source is provided with a fluorescent substance outside the blue light emitting diode or the ultraviolet light emitting diode, it is possible to realize a point light source having a very small light emitting area at a low cost. It becomes possible. In addition, since a light emitting diode which can be driven with low power is used, power consumption can be further reduced.

Further, in the display device according to the fourth aspect, the light emitting area of the point light source is 1 mm ² or less.

According to the fourth aspect, the light emitting area of the point light source is 1
mm ² or less, the effect according to claim 1 can be further enhanced. The point light source having a light emitting area of 1 mm ² or less can be realized by, for example, a structure in which a light shielding member having a pinhole is provided in front of a light source such as a halogen lamp or the like.

According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a display device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, a housing accommodating the display device and capable of being supported by one hand or both hands; And a window for image observation provided.

According to the fifth aspect, the display device has the advantages of the display device described above, and a desired image can be viewed from an image observation window provided on the housing in any place such as outdoors. A handheld portable display can be obtained.

In particular, when only one display device is provided (one-eye observation) due to the above-described characteristic of the display device that the image is hardly blurred even when the focal point is shifted from the retina, the display on the display is displayed. Both the image and the external image can be observed without blurring. When two display devices are provided (binocular observation), even if the user puts his / her eye on the window immediately after watching the external image and looks at the display image on the display, the display image on the display can be observed without blurring.

Further, since a point light source which can be configured in a small size is used, the apparatus can be reduced in size, and further, the point light source can be reduced in power consumption. As a result, the size and weight of the device can be reduced and the portability can be improved.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the display device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, and a housing accommodating the display device and being mountable on a table. Is a personal projector.

According to the sixth aspect, it is possible to obtain a personal projector which has the advantages of the display device as described above and can view a desired image. In addition, this personal projector has an advantage that confidentiality is high in that a display image cannot be seen unless the display is away from the display device by a predetermined distance in a predetermined direction.

According to a seventh aspect of the present invention, there is provided the display device according to any one of the first to fourth aspects, and a housing accommodating the display device and being attachable to a head. It is a head-mounted display that is a feature.

According to the seventh aspect, it is possible to obtain a head-mounted display which has the advantages of the display device as described above and can view a desired image in any place such as outdoors.

Also, since a point light source which can be configured in a small size is used, the apparatus can be reduced in size, and furthermore, the point light source can be reduced in power consumption. As a result, the size and weight of the device can be reduced and the portability can be improved.

[0029]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining an optical conjugate relationship in the display device shown in FIG. The display device 1 illustrated in FIG. 1 includes a white LED 12 that is a point light source that emits white light, and a white LED 1.
Positive power condenser lens 14 for condensing light from 2
A color liquid crystal display (spatial light modulation means) 16 for modulating light selectively condensed by the condenser lens 14 and selectively transmitting the light; and a retina 24 in the user's eyeball 22 for transmitting the light modulated by the liquid crystal display 16. And a positive power imaging lens 18 for forming an image. In addition, as the spatial light modulating means, a reflective liquid crystal or a DMD (deformab
le mirror device) can also be used.

In the display device 1, the liquid crystal display 1
The light emitted from the white LED 12 via the virtual stop 20 for explanation enters at one point on 6 at a relatively small stop-down angle θ11. Therefore, the liquid crystal display 16
The emission angle θ12 of the light emitted from the above one point is the aperture angle θ
The angle is relatively small, about the same as 11. Most of the light spread at the emission angle θ12 enters the imaging lens 18, and most of the light passing through the imaging lens 18 enters the pupil surrounded by the iris 26, and passes through the crystalline lens 28 to the retina 24. Reach.

As described above, the white LED 12 emitting white light
And the use of the condenser lens 14, the emission angle θ of the light emitted from one point of the liquid crystal display 16
Not only is 12 relatively small, but also the focus 2 on the retina 24
The focusing angle θ13 of the light focused at 9 is also a relatively small angle corresponding to a partial area of the crystalline lens 28. In other words, in the display device according to the present embodiment, the light focused on the focal point 29 on the retina 24 has a large depth of focus, and the image hardly appears blurred even if defocus occurs in the optical axis direction. . Therefore, it is possible to allow the user to always observe a clear image even without performing focus adjustment.

Further, according to the present embodiment, since the emission angle θ12 of the light emitted from one point on the liquid crystal display 16 is relatively small, the emitted light may reach a user other than the user at a predetermined location. rare. Therefore, when the liquid crystal display 16 is exposed to the outside, the image displayed on the liquid crystal display 16 is hardly seen by anyone other than the user in the optical axis direction, and the confidentiality of the displayed image is high.

Next, referring to FIG. 2, in the display device 1 of the present embodiment, the light (represented by the optical path 1) emitted from the white LED 12 is transmitted to the user's eyeball 22 at a predetermined position. Is imaged in the pupil of the front surface of the camera. That is, the white LED 12 and the pupil have a conjugate relationship, and the imaging lens 18 is a white LE determined for each specific device in which the display device 1 is incorporated so that the conjugate relationship is established.
It is arranged at a position corresponding to the position of the user's pupil with respect to D12. Therefore, most of the light passing from the white LED 12 through the condenser lens 14 reaches the retina 24 via the crystalline lens 28 without being blocked by the iris 26. Therefore, as compared with the case where the light incident on the eyeball is blocked by the iris as shown in FIG. 28, the light emission power of the white LED 12 required to cause a constant light power to enter the pupil may be smaller. That is, the power consumed by the white LED 12 can be reduced. Here, an example is shown in which the light emitted from the white LED 12 is imaged in the pupil on the front surface of the user's eyeball, but the condition that this light enters the pupil almost without being blocked by the iris 26 is satisfied. If so, the focal point may be slightly back and forth in the optical axis direction.

Further, in the display device 1 of the present embodiment, light (represented by the optical path 2) modulated and emitted from the liquid crystal display 16 forms an image on the retina 24 of the user at a predetermined position. Have been. That is, the liquid crystal display 16 and the retina 24 have a conjugate relationship. This allows the user to observe an image using the light modulated by the liquid crystal display 16. Here, the light in the optical path 2 passes through the lens 28 of the user. However, since the adjustment range of the lens 28 is relatively narrow, the above conjugate relationship is achieved by adjusting the position of the imaging lens 18. It has become possible.

In the present embodiment, since the white LED 12 as a point light source emits white light, the liquid crystal display 1
6 makes it possible to display a full-color image. As the light source of the display device 1 as in the present embodiment, in addition to using the fluorescent lamp that emits white light described in the section of the related art, a laser light source that emits monochromatic light can be used. In the embodiment, by using a point light source emitting white light, a full-color image can be observed in addition to the above advantages. In this regard, the display device 1 of the present embodiment is extremely practical.

In the present embodiment, a white LE emitting white light is used.
As D12, a material in which a fluorescent substance is applied to the outside of the blue light emitting diode (the light emitting range is about 300 μm square) is used. The fluorescent material receives blue light from the diode and emits light of various wavelengths in the visible light region, so that the white LED 12 emits white light as a whole. As described above, by using the white LED 12 using the blue light emitting diode, the light source can be made compact and a light source having a very small light emitting area can be realized at low cost. Further, since a light emitting diode which can be driven with low power is used, power consumption can be reduced. Note that an ultraviolet light emitting diode can be used instead of the blue light emitting diode.

A point light source that emits white light is, for example, R
It may be one using three LEDs of GB, or one provided with a light-shielding member having a pinhole in front of a white light source such as a halogen lamp or a miniature light bulb. The white LED 12 using a light emitting diode or an ultraviolet light emitting diode is preferable.

In the present embodiment, the light emitting area of the point light source is preferably 1 mm ² or less. this is,
By setting the light emitting area of the point light source to 1 mm ² or less, the spread of the luminous flux can be suppressed, and the effect (deep depth of focus, high confidentiality) of the above-described display device 1 of the present embodiment can be further enhanced. It is.

Next, a second embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a handheld portable display according to the second embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a use state of the handheld portable display shown in FIG. FIG.
As shown in FIG. 1, the display device 1 described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 is incorporated in the hand-held portable display 30 of the present embodiment. The housing 32 of the hand-held portable display 30 includes a lower portion 32a in which two AA batteries 34 are built in so as to be able to be inserted and removed from a battery cover 37, and an upper portion 32b in which the display device 1 is built.

As shown in FIG. 4, the lower portion 32a of the housing 32 has such a size and shape that the user can easily hold it with one hand. In addition, the user 41 moves the lower part 32a.
The power switch 35 of the hand-held portable display 30 is provided at a position corresponding to the index finger of the user 41 on the surface of the lower portion 32a when the user grips the. A video signal input connector 36 is provided on the bottom surface of the lower portion 32a, and the video signal input connector 36 is connected to the DVD player 42 via a video cable 43 as shown in FIG.
And the like. A video signal input from the video signal input connector 36 is supplied to a substrate 38 including a drive circuit (not shown) for the liquid crystal display 16 and the like.
It is sent to the liquid crystal display 16 via the LCD connector 31 and the LCD harness 33.

An image observation window 39 is provided at a position facing the imaging lens 18 on the upper portion 32b of the housing 32. As described above, the light emitted from the white LED 12 passes through the condenser lens 14, the liquid crystal display 16, the imaging lens 18, and the window 39, and forms an image on the optical axis 44 near the pupil of the user's eyeball 22. You. The window 39 may be a simple opening, or a transparent plate may be fitted into the opening. The user can observe a display image on the display device 1 from the window 39, and the user holds the hand-held portable display 30 with one hand, and holds a desired image at an arbitrary place such as outdoors. Can be seen. The upper portion 32b protrudes from the lower portion 32a on the side where the window 39 is provided.
Thereby, as can be seen from FIG.
When the face is brought close to the face 9, the face can be comfortably observed without contact with the lower part 32a.

The hand-held portable display 30 of the present embodiment is a one-eye observation type having only one display device 1. Therefore, when using the hand-held portable display 30, the display image of the liquid crystal display 16 appears on one eye of the user, and the outside world image appears on the other eye. However, the human eye cannot adjust the focus independently of the left and right, and can focus only on one of the conscious faces even when the images observed by the left and right eyes are different. The hand-held portable display 30 according to the present embodiment has a characteristic that the display device 1 incorporated therein has a large depth of focus as described above. Since the displayed image on the liquid crystal display 16 can be observed with almost no defocus, a clear image without blurring can be seen with both eyes.

In the present embodiment, the white LED 12, which is a point light source that can be made small, is used, so that the size of the hand-held portable display 30 can be reduced as a whole. Furthermore, since the white LED 12 has low power consumption, it can be used as a power source for a relatively small and light AA battery 34.
Can be used, and the hand-held portable display 30 can be reduced in size and weight, and has excellent portability.

In this embodiment, a hand-held portable display having only one display device 1 and observing an image with one eye has been described. However, a hand-held portable display of a two-eye observation type having two display devices 1 has been described. Can be similarly configured.

In the case of a binocular handheld type portable display, the display device 1 incorporated therein has the characteristic that the depth of focus is deep as described above, so that the window section is formed immediately after the external image is viewed. There is an advantage that even if the display image on the liquid crystal display 16 is viewed by looking into the display 39, the display image can be observed with almost no blur. Further, in the present embodiment, D
Although the case where the VD playback device is provided outside the hand-held portable display 30 has been described, an image playback unit may be provided inside the hand-held portable display 30.

Next, a third embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a personal projector according to the third embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 5, the personal projector 50 of the present embodiment incorporates the display device 1 described with reference to FIGS. The bottom surface of the housing 52 of the personal projector 50 is designed flat so that it can be stably installed on a desk 57 having a flat top surface.
The casing 52 is not limited to a flat bottom, and may be designed so that it can be stably installed on a table.

In the housing 52 of the personal projector 50, a white LED 12, a condenser lens 14, a control device 53 for the liquid crystal display 16, and a video signal input connector 54 are arranged. A DVD playback device 56 is connected to the video signal input connector 54 via a video cable 55.

The liquid crystal display 16 is supported by the housing 52 such that its surface is exposed to the outside. As described above, the light emitted from the white LED 12 is transmitted to the condenser lens 14, the liquid crystal display 16, and the imaging lens 1.
8, an image is formed on the optical axis 58 near the pupil of the user's eyeball 22. The optical axis 58 is inclined upward by an appropriate angle that makes it easy for the user to observe the display image. for that reason,
For example, the user can view a desired image in a comfortable posture while sitting on a chair.

According to the present embodiment, there is an advantage that the size of the personal projector 50 can be reduced because the white LED 12 which is a point light source which can be configured in a small size is used. Further, since the white LED 12 has low power consumption, power consumption can be reduced, and for example, it can be operated with a small battery. Further, since the display device 1 described in the first embodiment is incorporated, the depth of focus is large, the display image is hardly blurred, and the display device 1 is not located at a predetermined distance from the display device 1 in a predetermined direction. This is similar to the first embodiment in that the display image is highly confidential in that the display image cannot be viewed. For example, the display image on the liquid crystal display 16 cannot be seen from the directions indicated by the outline arrows A and B in FIG.

Next, a fourth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a head mounted display 60 according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 6, a display device 2 similar to the display device 1 described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2 is incorporated in the head mounted display 60 of the present embodiment. The display device 2 has a concave mirror 19 as an imaging optical system in addition to the white LED 12, the condenser lens 14, and the liquid crystal display 16. The difference between the display device 1 and the display device 2 is that the display device 1 The difference is that the display device 2 has a concave mirror 19 having a positive power, while having the image lens 18. The concave mirror 19 is used for the display device 1.
Has the same function as the imaging lens 18 of the first embodiment, the white LED 12 and the pupil of the user are arranged so as to have a substantially conjugate relationship, and the LCD 16 and the retina of the user are substantially connected. They are arranged in a conjugate relationship.

The head-mounted display 60 according to the present embodiment includes a mounting portion 61 for detachably mounting the concave mirror 19, a head fixing frame 62 for fixing the head-mounted display 60 to the user's head, And a support bar 63 that supports the mounting portion 61. The mounting portion 61 is provided with a concave portion 61a, and the concave mirror 1
9 is the mounting portion 6 which is inserted into the concave portion 61a.
1 is detachably supported. The head fixing frame 62 curved along the shape of the user's head supports the white LED 12, the condenser lens 14, the liquid crystal display 16, the drive circuit 64 of the liquid crystal display 16, the battery 65, and the video signal input connector 66. Have been. An image reproducing device such as a DVD reproducing device (not shown) is connected to the video signal input connector 66, and the video signal input to the video signal input connector 66 is supplied to the drive circuit 64 and the liquid crystal display 16 via the cable 69. Is done.

The liquid crystal display 16 is supported by the head fixing frame 62 such that the surface thereof is exposed to the outside. The light emitted from the white LED 12 travels within the luminous flux range F shown in the drawing, passes through the condenser lens 14, the liquid crystal display 16, and the concave mirror 19, and passes on the optical axis 67 to the eye of the user's left or right eye. An image is formed near a point (the position of the pupil when facing the front) 68. By using the head mounted display 60 configured as described above, a user can observe a desired image in an arbitrary place such as outdoors, with both hands free.

According to the present embodiment, there is an advantage that the head mounted display 60 can be reduced in size because the white LED 12 which is a point light source which can be configured in a small size is used.
Further, the white LED 12 has low power consumption, so that power consumption can be reduced, and the white LED 12 can be operated by the battery 65 having a small capacity and voltage. Therefore, the head mounted display 60 can be made small, lightweight, and excellent in portability.

Further, since the display device 2 having the same function as that described in the first embodiment is incorporated, the depth of focus is large and the display image is hardly blurred.
In addition, an effect similar to that of the first embodiment is obtained in that the confidentiality of the display image is high in that the display image cannot be seen unless the user is away from the display device 2 in a predetermined direction in a predetermined direction. For example, in FIG.
The display image on the liquid crystal display 16 cannot be seen from the direction indicated by B.

Next, a fifth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The display device 3 illustrated in FIG. 7 includes a white LED 12 that is a point light source that emits white light, a positive power condenser lens 14 that collects light from the white LED 12, and a light that is condensed by the condenser lens 14. A scattering plate 17, a liquid crystal display (spatial light modulation means) 16 for modulating and selectively transmitting light passing through the scattering plate 17, and a retina 24 in a user's eye 22 for transmitting the light modulated by the liquid crystal display 16. And a positive power imaging lens 18 for forming an image. Note that, in the present embodiment, the scattering plate 17 can be arranged at an arbitrary position between the white LED 12 and the liquid crystal display 16.

In this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the imaging lens 18 is arranged so that the white LED 12 and the pupil of the user's eyeball 22 have a conjugate relationship. Therefore, as described in the first embodiment, it is possible to reduce the power consumed by the white LED 12. Further, the light modulated and emitted from the liquid crystal display 16 is transmitted to the retina 24 of the user at a predetermined position.
An imaging lens 18 is arranged so that an image is formed at the position. That is, the liquid crystal display 16 and the retina 24 have a conjugate relationship. This allows the user to observe an image using the light modulated by the liquid crystal display 16.

The scattering plate 17 is made of glass having irregularities formed on the surface on the liquid crystal display 16 side at a pitch larger than the wavelength of visible light, here about 0.5 to 10 μm.
This is a plate made of a transparent material such as PMMA (polymethyl methacrylate) and PC (polycarbonate). The scattering characteristics of the scattering plate 17 can be adjusted by changing the shape of the surface such as the uneven pitch. Here, the luminous intensity distribution by the scattering plate 17 is represented by a characteristic expression I (θ) = c described later.
It is assumed that n = 3 in os ⁿ θ is used.

Light emitted from one point of the white LED 12 aiming at one point on the liquid crystal display 16 (indicated by a path 71)
Are condensed by the condenser lens 14, become parallel to the optical axis 72, and enter one point on the scattering plate 17. And
This light is scattered by irregularities on the surface of the scattering plate 17,
The luminous flux is spread at the angle θ21.

The light modulated at one point of the liquid crystal display 16 out of the light flux passing through the scattering plate 17 is emitted from the liquid crystal display 16 at an emission angle θ22 through a virtual stop 73 for explanation. The emission angle θ22 is relatively larger than the emission angle θ12 in a case where the scattering plate 17 is not provided, that is, in a case similar to that described with reference to FIG.

Therefore, the light passes through the scattering plate 17 and exits at the angle θ.
The light emitted from the liquid crystal display 16 at 22 is a light beam having a width L1 wider than the pupil width of the user and approximately equal to that of the iris 28 (10 mm) at the front surface position of the user's eyeball 22. . On the other hand, the light emitted from the liquid crystal display 16 at the emission angle θ12 is a light beam having a width L2 smaller than the pupil width of the user at the front position of the user's eyeball 22.

Therefore, according to the present embodiment, even if the user's eyeball 22 is slightly moved (± 5 mm) in the direction indicated by the white arrow C in the figure, the pupil remains within the range indicated by the width L1. As far as possible, the light modulated at one point of the liquid crystal display 16 enters the eyeball and forms an image on the retina 24 via the crystalline lens 28. In other words, it is relatively unlikely that the brightness of the display image becomes uneven due to the movement of the eyeball. On the other hand, when the scattering plate 17 is not provided, the width L2 itself is smaller than the pupil width.
The light beam having the width L2 does not enter the pupil just by moving about 0.5 mm. For this reason, a large luminance unevenness occurs in the display image. As described above, in the present embodiment, the condenser lens 14 and the liquid crystal display 16
By arranging the scattering plate 17 between them, it is possible to suppress the uneven brightness of the display image accompanying the movement of the eyeball 22.

Here, a preferable scattering characteristic of the scattering plate 17 will be described. First, as shown in FIG.
Is assumed to be approximately represented by I (θ) = cos ⁿ θ by the declination θ from the normal to the scattering plate 17. Here, I is a luminous intensity expressed in unit candela, and n is a coefficient depending on the surface shape of the scattering plate 17.
That is, as shown in FIG. 8, when the parallel light 81 is incident on one point on the scattering plate 17, the luminous intensity in a direction away from the normal 82 of the scattering plate 17 by an angle θ is represented by cosn θ. . At this time, the illumination efficiency and the luminous flux width L1 at the position corresponding to the pupil in accordance with the change of the coefficient n are shown in FIGS. Here, the illumination efficiency indicates the ratio of the light guided into the pupil of the light emitted from the white LED 12. The light beam width L1 is, as described above, the scattering plate 17.
Of the light emitted from one point of the liquid crystal display 16 after passing through at the front surface position of the user's eyeball (m
m).

As shown in FIG. 9, the illumination efficiency increases with an increase in the coefficient n, but the rate of increase decreases with an increase in the coefficient n. When the coefficient n exceeds 3, the degree of increase is very gentle. Become. From the viewpoint of illumination efficiency, the larger the coefficient n is, the more preferable it is. However, practically, it is preferable to be 3 or more. Further, as shown in FIG. 10, the luminous flux width decreases as the coefficient n increases, but the rate of decrease decreases as the coefficient n increases. When the coefficient n reaches 100, the luminous flux width approaches 1 mm. Here, 1 mm is an approximate minimum diameter of a human pupil, and when the light flux width becomes smaller than this, the above-described effect by using the scattering plate 17 cannot be substantially obtained. Therefore, the coefficient n is preferably 100 or less. Therefore, the coefficient n is preferably 3 or more and 100 or less in consideration of both the illumination efficiency and the light beam width. This makes it possible to maintain the overall width of the observation area where luminance unevenness does not occur at a minimum level or more while maintaining the illumination efficiency at a certain level or higher.

According to the present embodiment, the same white LED 12 and condenser lens 1 as in the first embodiment are used.
4, the angle of emergence θ22 of the light emitted from one point of the liquid crystal display 16 can be made relatively small, depending on the coefficient n of the scattering plate 17 described above. The focusing angle of the light focused at the focal point can also be set to a relatively small angle corresponding to a part of the crystalline lens 28. That is, in the display device 3 of the present embodiment, the light focused on the retina 24 has a large depth of focus, and the image hardly appears blurred even if the focus shifts in the optical axis direction. Therefore, it is possible to allow the user to always observe a clear image even without performing focus adjustment.

According to the present embodiment, the scattering plate 17
However, since the emission angle θ22 of the emitted light from one point of the liquid crystal display 16 is relatively small, the emitted light hardly reaches anyone other than the user at a predetermined place. Therefore, when the liquid crystal display 16 is exposed to the outside, the image displayed on the liquid crystal display 16 is hardly seen by anyone other than the user, and the confidentiality of the displayed image is high. These effects (deep depth of focus, high confidentiality of the image) increase as the coefficient n increases.

Next, a sixth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention. The display device 4 shown in FIG. 11 is different from the display device 3 in that an imaging lens 18 arranged at a position different from that of the display device 3 is used.
Is the same as Therefore, according to this embodiment, the same effects as those of the fifth embodiment can be obtained, such as suppressing uneven brightness and blurring of a display image due to the scattering plate 17.

However, in this embodiment, since the position of the imaging lens 18 is different from that of the fifth embodiment, the white LED 12 and the pupil of the user's eyeball 22 have a conjugate relationship. Instead, the white LED 12 and the point 112 behind the retina 24 of the eyeball 22 have a conjugate relationship. Therefore, in the present embodiment, a part of the light that has passed through the liquid crystal display 16 is blocked by the iris 26 and the like, so that a part of the liquid crystal display 16 cannot be observed. Mo white LE
The emission power required for D increases. However, also in the present embodiment, the liquid crystal display 16 and the retina 2
4 is maintained, so that at least a part of the image of the liquid crystal display 16 can be observed. In the present embodiment, the imaging lens 18
Is changed, the conjugate relationship between the white LED 12 and the pupil of the user's eyeball 22 is lost.
The white LED 12, the condenser lens 14, and the liquid crystal display 16 can be realized alone or by moving a plurality of elements including the imaging lens 18, or by moving the user.

Next, a seventh embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a handheld portable display according to the seventh embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 12, the hand-held portable display 120 of the present embodiment incorporates the display device 3 described in FIG. 7, and the hand-held portable display 120 of the second embodiment described in FIG. It is configured similarly to the portable display 30.

Therefore, the hand-held portable display 120 of the present embodiment has the same effects as the hand-held portable display 30 of the second embodiment, and the display device 3 described in the fifth embodiment. It also has the effect of In particular, the hand-held portable display 120 of the present embodiment includes the scattering plate 17 in the display device 3 so that even if the position of the user's eyeball 22 moves, the luminous flux from the liquid crystal display 16 enters the pupil. It can be guided, and uneven brightness can be suppressed.

Next, an eighth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a personal projector according to an eighth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 13, the personal projector 130 of the present embodiment incorporates the display device 3 described in FIG. 7 and the personal projector 130 of the third embodiment described in FIG. It is configured similarly.

Therefore, the personal projector 130 according to the present embodiment has the same advantages as the personal projector 50 according to the third embodiment,
The effect of the display device 3 described in the embodiment is also exerted.
That is, the personal projector 13 of the present embodiment
0 indicates that the display device 3 is provided with the scattering plate 17 so that the light flux from the liquid crystal display 16 can be guided into the pupil even if the position of the user's eyeball 22 moves, thereby suppressing luminance unevenness. The effect that it becomes possible is produced.

Further, in the case of the personal projector as in the present embodiment, there are few cases where the observer always observes the display image from the same position as compared with the above-mentioned hand-held portable display or head-mounted display.
By using the scattering plate 17 to increase the range in which luminance unevenness does not occur, the observer can easily find a position where the display image can be observed without uneven luminance. At the same time, by appropriately changing the value of the coefficient n described above, it is possible to prevent the display image from being viewed from an unnecessarily wide range, thereby improving the confidentiality of the display image. is there.

Next, a ninth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing the configuration of the head mounted display according to the ninth embodiment of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 14, a display device 5 similar to the display device 3 described with reference to FIG. 7 is incorporated in the head mounted display 140 of the present embodiment. The display device 5 includes a white LED 12, a scattering plate 17, a condenser lens 14, a liquid crystal display 16, and a concave mirror 19. The difference between the display device 5 and the display device 3 is that the display device 3 has an imaging lens 18 while the display device 5 has a concave mirror 19 having a positive power. Concave mirror 1
Reference numeral 9 has a function equivalent to that of the imaging lens 18 in the display device 3, so that the white LED 12 and the user's pupil have a substantially conjugate relationship, and the LCD 16 and the user's retina are connected to each other. They are arranged so as to have a substantially conjugate relationship.
The head mounted display 140 according to the present embodiment includes:
Except for this, the configuration is the same as that of the head mounted display 60 according to the fourth embodiment described with reference to FIG.

Therefore, the head-mounted display 140 according to the present embodiment has the same effects as the head-mounted display 60 according to the fourth embodiment, and the effects of the display device 3 described in the fifth embodiment. Is also played. That is, the head mounted display 140 of the present embodiment includes the scattering plate 17 in the display device 5 so that even if the position of the user's eyeball 22 slightly moves, the luminous flux from the liquid crystal display 16 enters the pupil. There is an effect that it is possible to reliably guide and suppress uneven brightness.

Next, a tenth embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating, from above, a configuration of a glasses-mounted head-mounted display according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention and a state in which this is mounted on the left eye side. FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the eyeglass-mounted head-mounted display according to the present embodiment is mounted on the right eye side from the front of the user. That is, the spectacle-mounted head-mounted display according to the present embodiment can be mounted on either the left or right side of the spectacles.

As shown in FIG. 15, the housing 154 of the head mounted display 150 of the present embodiment has
A display device 6 similar to the display device 3 described in (1) is incorporated. The display device 6 includes a white LED 12, a condenser lens 14, a scattering plate 17, a liquid crystal display (light modulation unit) 16, a mirror 152, and an imaging lens 18. In the display device 6, the conjugate relationship described in the first embodiment is established. Mirror 1
52, an optical axis 153 of the condenser lens 14 is bent at a right angle to a direction of an emission optical axis 176 defined by the imaging lens 18 so that light representing a display image is passed through the opening 151 to the left or right eyeball of the user. Leading to.

In the housing 154, in addition to the display device 6,
When moving the head mounted display 150, the user moves his / her finger when moving the substrate 157 on which the CD drive circuit 155, the image inversion circuit 156, and the video signal input connector 158 are mounted, the substrate 160 on which the inversion switch 159 and the white LED 12 are mounted. Fixing protrusion 161 for attaching
And is incorporated. In addition, the spectacle frame 162 and the spectacle lens (the left eye lens 1 in FIG.
An elastic member, specifically, a rubber member 165 is attached to a portion in contact with (63).

Further, the housing 154 side and the fixed protrusion 161
When the head mounted display 150 is moved in a pair with the operation unit 166 for the user to attach his / her finger, the operation unit 166 is connected with an elastic member such as a spring 167. Further, the vicinity of the distal end of the holding portion 168 provided at the end opposite to the operation portion 166 is covered with an elastic member, specifically, a rubber member 169. The spring portion 167 always urges the holding portion 168 toward the rubber member 165 of the housing 154.

As shown in FIG. 15 or FIG. 16, when the head-mounted display 150 is attached to the spectacles, the head mount display 150 is positioned below the vine (the left vine 170 in FIG. 15 and the right vine 171 in FIG. 16). The holding portion 168 inserted into the glasses faces the housing 154 via the glasses lens 163 or 164. Therefore, the spring part 1
The two rubber members 165 and 169 sandwich the lens 163 or 164 by the elastic force of 67, and the head mounted display 150 is fixed to the glasses. As described above, in the present embodiment, the fixed protrusion 161, the operation part 166, the holding part 168, and the spring member 1
67 and the rubber members 165 and 169,
2 are configured.

In the head-mounted display 150 of the present embodiment, in order to align the optical axis 153 with the position of the user's pupil, that is, the eye point, the finger is used to press the fixed protrusion 161 and the operation unit 166 from both sides, and the spring is used. The rubber member 169 is connected to the lens 163 against the elastic force of the portion 167.
Or housing 1 along the lens surface away from 164
Move 54. By such a simple operation, for example, as shown in FIG.
Can be smoothly moved to the position indicated by the broken line, and accordingly, the outgoing optical axis at the black circle (●) position 176a can be moved to the white circle (○) position 176b.
Then, when the user releases his / her finger from the fixed protruding portion 161 and the operation portion 166 when the user confirms that the emission optical axis coincides with the eye point 68, the two rubber members 165, 1
69 sandwiches the lens 163 or 164, so that the output optical axis 176 can be fixed to the eye point 68. With the simple configuration and operation as described above, the head mounted display 150 according to the present embodiment is provided.
In this case, since the user can perform the eye point adjustment two-dimensionally, the degree of freedom of the eye point adjustment is high, and the eye point 68 and the emission optical axis 176 can be matched over a wide range.

Since the head-mounted display 150 of the present embodiment is designed for single-eye observation configured to guide the imaged light to one of the right and left eyes of the user, the housing 154 is compared. It can be configured to be compact and lightweight. Also, the fixing part 172 is used for the lenses 163 and 164 of the glasses.
, So that the head-mounted display 1 can be used even with glasses without frames.
It is possible to fix 50. Also, the frame 16
Since there are various shapes of the two vines 170 and 171, the head mounted display 15
In order to fix 0, it is necessary to change the shape and structure of the fixing portion 172 for each eyeglass to be attached. In the present embodiment, by adopting a configuration in which the lenses 163 and 164 are sandwiched from both sides to fix the head mounted display 150, such inconvenience is prevented. Furthermore, since the portion of the fixing portion 172 that contacts the lens is made of the rubber members 165 and 169, the lenses 163 and 164 are not damaged by being sandwiched.

As described above, the head mounted display 150 of the present embodiment is designed to be attached to either the left or right side of the glasses. However, if the left and right mounting positions are changed, the housing 154 will be turned upside down, so that if no measures are taken, the user will see the image turned upside down. Therefore, the head mounted display 150 of the present embodiment includes the above-described image inversion circuit 156 and the inversion switch 159,
Even if the left and right attachment positions are changed, the user can always observe a normal image.

That is, as shown in FIG. 18, the case 1 is attached to the right eye side and the case
When the head mount display 150 is attached to the right eye side, the reversing switch 159 is set in a protruding state because the 54 is turned upside down (a white arrow is drawn as a vertical mark of the housing in FIG. 18). When mounting on the left eye side, the reversing switch 159 is set in the retracted state. Then, either the projecting state or the retracting state of the inversion switch 159 is supplied to the scanning line vertical inversion means 191 and the scanning line left / right inversion means 192 (both shown in FIG. 19) of the image inversion circuit 156.

When the scanning line up / down reversing means 191 and the scanning line left / right reversing means 192 of the image reversing circuit 156 receive, for example, a signal indicating that the reversing switch 159 is in the protruding state, the video signal from the outside is directly applied to the LCD driving circuit. 155. When a signal indicating that the inversion switch 159 is in the retracted state is received, a video signal from the outside is inverted up and down by the scanning line up / down inversion means 191, and further, a signal inverted by the scanning line left / right inversion means 192 is displayed on the LCD. It is supplied to the drive circuit 155.

As described above, the head mounted display 150 of the present embodiment has the scanning line up / down reversing means 191 and the scanning line of the image inversion circuit 156 regardless of whether the housing 154 is fixed to the left or right side of the glasses. Left and right reversing means 1
92 allows the user to always observe a normal image that is not upside down. Therefore, the head mounted display 150 can be used for both left and right, and there is an advantage that it is not necessary to separately prepare two types of display devices for left eye and right eye.

Further, the head mounted display 150 of the present embodiment has a display device 3 described with reference to FIG. 7 except that it has a mirror 152 used for simply bending the optical axis.
Since the display device 6 has the same configuration as that of the fifth embodiment, it has the same advantages as the display device 3 of the fifth embodiment. In other words, the displayed image is hardly blurred due to the large depth of focus, and the white LED 12 and the condenser lens 14 which are point light sources are used, and the white LED 12 and the pupil have a substantially conjugate relationship. Therefore, the power consumption of the white LED 12 can be reduced. Further, since the white LED 12 is used, a color image can be observed.

Further, since the scattering plate 17 is used, it is possible to obtain an effect that even if the position of the eyeball is slightly shifted, there is no luminance unevenness. Also, at this time, as described in the fifth embodiment, the luminous intensity distribution when the scattering plate 17 is used is I (θ) = cos ⁿ θ, and the coefficient n is 3 or more and 100 or less (3 ≦ n ≦ 100). ) Is preferable.

FIG. 20 is a diagram showing a modification of the fixing portion in the present embodiment, and is a diagram drawn from the back side (user side) of the glasses. As shown in FIG. 20, the head-mounted display 200 of the present modified example has
1 is an operation unit 202 and two holding units 20 connected thereto.
6a, 206b, a rubber member 208 covering the vicinity of the distal ends of the holding portions 206a, 206b, and the holding portions 206a, 20
It has a spring portion 204 that urges 6b toward the housing 154, and a rubber member 165 (see FIG. 15) on the housing 154 side. Operation unit 202 and two holding units 206a and 206b
Is constructed by bending one long member into a substantially U-shape.

Head Mounted Display 2 of Modified Example
00 is attached to the pair of eyeglasses,
The temples 170 of the spectacles are sandwiched between a and 206b. As described above, in the present modification, the housing 154 can be fixed to the eyeglasses with the fixing portion 201 sandwiching the vine 170 of the eyeglasses therebetween.
01 is supported by the hanging part 170 and the housing 154
And the case where the housing 154 is displaced from the predetermined position or falls off the glasses can be prevented as much as possible. In this modification, the number of holding portions is two.
It is also possible to provide more than two holding parts and to put the vine part between any two of them. Also, in the present embodiment, the liquid crystal display 16
Instead, a device that scans while modulating a laser beam to display an image may be used.

The display device 6 incorporated in the head-mounted display according to the present embodiment has only one mirror, but may have, for example, two mirrors. Such an example will be described with reference to FIG. Head-mounted display 210 shown in FIG.
Has a white LED 12, a condenser lens 14, a scattering plate 17, a liquid crystal display 16, a mirror 212, an imaging lens 18, and a mirror 214. In the display device 7, the conjugate relationship described in the fifth embodiment is established. The optical axis 216 of the display device 7 is bent at right angles at two positions of the mirrors 212 and 214, and the light showing the display image is guided to the left or right eyeball of the user via the opening 151. Here, the fixing portion 218 is not a lens-clamping type as described with reference to FIG. Crab case 2
19 is attached. In addition,
In FIG. 21, detailed illustrations other than the display device 7 are omitted.

Next, an eleventh embodiment of the present invention will be described. FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram illustrating, from above, a configuration of a glasses-mounted head-mounted display according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention and a state in which this is mounted on the right eye side. FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the eyeglass-mounted head-mounted display according to the present embodiment is mounted on the right eye side from the front of the user. Similarly to the tenth embodiment described above, the eyeglass-mounted head-mounted display according to the present embodiment can be mounted on either the left or right side of the eyeglasses.

As shown in FIG. 22, the head mounted display 220 of the present embodiment has a fixing clip 226.
Or 228 according to the eyeglasses 171 or 170
Fixed housing 222 fixed to
Of the rotating housing 224 that is rotatably attached to the
It has two housings.

In the fixed housing 222, in addition to the white LED 12, the condenser lens 14, the scattering plate 17, the liquid crystal display (light modulation means) 16, and a video signal connected to an external image reproducing device via a video cable 43. Input connector 230, board 23 provided with a control circuit (not shown)
2 is included. In addition, a white L
A mirror 234 for reflecting light from the ED 12 and guiding the light to the left or right eyeball 22 (here, the right eye) of the user;
235 and an imaging lens 18 for imaging light modulated by the liquid crystal display 16.

The head mounted display 220 of the present embodiment has the display device 3 described in the fifth embodiment.
A display device 8 similar to the above is incorporated. Display device 8
Are white LED 12, condenser lens 14, scattering plate 1
7, a liquid crystal display 16, a mirror 234, an imaging lens 18, and a mirror 235. And the display device 8
, The conjugate relationship described in the fifth embodiment is established.

Here, fixed housing 222 and rotating housing 224
24 will be described in detail with reference to FIG. FIG. 24 is an enlarged exploded perspective view of a connection portion 237 between the fixed housing 222 and the rotating housing 224. A circular opening 238 centered on the optical axis 236 of the condenser lens 14 is provided at the tip of the fixed housing 222. Then, a protruding portion 239 protruding in the direction of the optical axis 236
Are provided along the opening 238, and a fringe 240 that defines a recess 239 a is provided outside the protrusion 239 at the tip.

On the other hand, the rotating housing 224 has a concave portion 239a.
A circular opening 242 having a diameter equal to the outer diameter of the protrusion 239 is provided. When the concave portion 239 a engages with the opening 242, the rotating housing 224 is rotatable 360 ° around the optical axis 236.
2 and the rotating housing 224 can be stopped at an arbitrary position by friction between the two.

That is, as shown in FIG. 23, in the head mounted display 220 of this embodiment,
The above-described simple configuration and the rotation housing 224 are connected to the optical axis 236.
The outgoing optical axis 244 can be aligned with the eye point 68 by a simple operation of rotating the optical axis 244 around. This point will be further described with reference to FIG. FIG. 25 is a partially enlarged view of FIG. In the head-mounted display 220 of the present embodiment, in order to align the emission optical axis 244 with the position of the user's pupil, that is, the eye point 68, the rotating housing 224 is rotated by holding the rotating housing 224 with a finger. . By such a simple operation, the rotary housing 224 at the solid line position can be smoothly moved to the broken line position, and the optical axis at the black circle (●) position 244a is indicated by the broken line. It can be moved to a white circle (○) position 244b along 246. Therefore, when performing fine adjustment or the like of the user's eye point due to individual differences, if the rotating housing 224 is stopped at the stage where the user confirms that the optical axis 244 coincides with the eye point 68, the optical axis 244 is obtained. Can be fixed to the eye point 68.

The fixing clip 226 made of a flexible material has a substantially L-shape, and has a shape in which the tip is slightly curved outward. Therefore, the fixed housing 22
By sandwiching the right vine part 171 between
The fixed housing 222 can be fixed to the glasses. Moreover, since the fixing clip 226 has flexibility, various vine portions 171 having different widths can be stably sandwiched. Also, the fixing clip 228 is configured similarly to the fixing clip 226,
The fixed casing 222 can be fixed to the eyeglasses by sandwiching the left side vine 170 between itself and the eyeglasses 22.

The fixing clips 226, 228 as described above
Therefore, the head mounted display 220 of the present embodiment can be easily attached to the glasses by retrofitting. In addition, these fixing clips 22
When the fixed housing 222 is used, the fixed housing 222 can be fixed to either the left or right vine portion 170 or 171 without turning the fixed housing 222 upside down. Therefore, the first
In the present embodiment, a mechanism for inverting an image, which was necessary in the head mounted display 150 of the embodiment 0, is unnecessary in the present embodiment, and can be used for both left and right eyes with a simple structure. There is no need to separately prepare the two types of head mounted displays.

That is, as shown in FIG. 26, the rotating casing 224 needs to be turned upside down between the case where it is attached to the right eye and the case where it is attached to the left eye, but it is not necessary to turn the fixed casing 222 upside down. In FIG. 26, black arrows and white arrows are drawn as vertical marks of the fixed casing 222 and the rotating casing 224, respectively).

Further, the head mounted display 220 of the present embodiment has the rotating housing 224 having mirrors 234 and 235 for guiding the light modulated by the liquid crystal display 1 to the left or right eyeball of the user. Because
The fixed housing 222 can be fixedly arranged on the side of the glasses, so that the fixed housing 222 does not block the user's field of view, and has the advantage that the head mounted display 220 is not bulky as a whole. are doing. In this embodiment, the imaging lens 18 is provided in the rotating housing 224, but the imaging lens may be provided in the fixed housing 222.

In the head mounted display 220 of the present embodiment, the rotating housing 224 is for single-eye observation and does not include the white LED 12, the condenser lens 14, the liquid crystal display 16, and the like, so that it is relatively small and light. . Since the rotating casing 224 is rotatably attached to the fixed casing 222, the rotating casing 224 can be easily applied only by applying a slight force when not observing a display image or in an emergency. Can be retracted out of sight.

Also, in the head mounted display 220 of the present embodiment, the optical axis 24 of the imaging lens 18
The imaging lens 18 and the mirror 234 are arranged so that 3 coincides with the optical axis 236 of the condenser lens 14. Therefore, when adjusting the eye point, the rotating housing 2
Even if the lens 24 is rotated, the optical axes of the imaging lens 18 and the condenser lens 14 do not deviate from each other, and the imaging performance does not deteriorate.

The head mounted display 220 of the present embodiment has a display device 8 similar to the display device 3 described with reference to FIG. 7, except that it has mirrors 234 and 235 used for simply bending the optical axis. Therefore, it has the same advantages as the display device 3 of the fifth embodiment. In other words, the displayed image is hardly blurred due to the large depth of focus, and the white LED 12 and the condenser lens 14 which are point light sources are used, and the white LED 12 and the pupil have a substantially conjugate relationship. Because there is a white LED12
Power consumption can be reduced. Also, white LED
The use of No. 12 makes it possible to observe a color image.

Further, since the display device 8 includes the scattering plate 17, it is possible to obtain an effect that even if the position of the eyeball is slightly shifted, there is no uneven brightness. Also, at this time, as described in the fifth embodiment, the luminous intensity distribution when the scattering plate 17 is used is I (θ) = cosn θ, and the coefficient n is 3 or more and 100 or less (3 ≦ n ≦ 100). It is preferred that

FIGS. 27A and 27B are views showing a modification of the fixing portion in the present embodiment.
Is a view from the side of the glasses, and (b) is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA. In this modification, the fixing clip 22
An opening 276 is provided in the fixing clip 273 having substantially the same configuration as that of the fixing case 6, and a screw receiving portion 277 is provided in a portion of the fixing housing 271 facing the opening 276. Then, by fixing the mounting screw 275 to the screw receiving portion 277 through the opening 276, the fixed housing 271 can be fixed to the right vine 170 of the glasses. In this modification, since the fixed housing 271 is attached to the glasses by a screw mechanism, the fixed housing 271 is mounted.
Can be more reliably fixed to the glasses, and an unexpected situation such as the head-mounted display falling off can be prevented.

[0108]

As described above, according to the first aspect, the light condensed by the condensing optical system from the point light source is given to the spatial light modulating means. The emission angle becomes relatively small. Therefore, when this light enters the eyeball, the angle of focusing in the eyeball is small, and the depth of focus is deep. Therefore, when the focus deviates from the retina, almost no image blur occurs. Further, since the emission angle of the light emitted from the spatial light modulator is relatively small, an image due to the light modulated by the spatial light modulator is hardly observed except for an observer located at a predetermined position behind the imaging optical system. You can do so. Further, since the point light source emits white light, it is possible to display a full-color image by the spatial light modulator.

According to the second aspect, since the point light source and the first point (pupil) have a substantially conjugate relationship, most of the light passing through the light collecting optical system can be guided into the pupil. Therefore, the light emission power of the point light source required to cause a constant light power to enter the pupil may be small, and the power consumed by the point light source can be reduced. In addition, since the spatial light modulator and the second point (retina) have a substantially conjugate relationship, an image formed by the light modulated by the spatial light modulator can be observed.

According to the third aspect, since the point light source is provided with a fluorescent substance outside the blue light emitting diode or the ultraviolet light emitting diode, it is possible to realize a point light source having a very small light emitting area at a low cost. It becomes possible. In addition, since a light emitting diode which can be driven with low power is used, power consumption can be further reduced.

According to the fourth aspect, the light emitting area of the point light source is 1
mm ² or less, the effect according to claim 1 can be further enhanced.

According to the fifth aspect, while having the advantages of the display device as described above, a desired image can be viewed from an image observation window provided in the housing in any place such as outdoors. A handheld portable display can be obtained. In particular, when only one display device is provided (one-eye observation), both the display image on the display and the external image can be observed without blurring. When two display devices are provided (binocular observation), even if the user puts his / her eyes on the window immediately after watching the external image and looks at the display image on the display, the display image on the display can be observed without blurring. In addition, the apparatus can be reduced in size by using a point light source that can be configured in a small size, and furthermore, the point light source can have low power consumption, so that a small-scale power supply means, for example, a small battery can be used, The device can be reduced in size and weight to have excellent portability.

According to the sixth aspect, it is possible to obtain a personal projector which has the advantages of the display device as described above and can view a desired image. In addition, this personal projector has an advantage that confidentiality is high in that a display image cannot be seen unless the display is away from the display device by a predetermined distance in a predetermined direction.

According to the seventh aspect, it is possible to obtain a head-mounted display which has the advantages of the display device as described above and can view a desired image in any place such as outdoors. In addition, the device can be downsized to use a point light source that can be configured in a small size, and furthermore, the point light source can have low power consumption. The device can be reduced in size and weight to have excellent portability.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to a first embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a schematic diagram for explaining an optical conjugate relationship in the display device shown in FIG.

FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a handheld portable display according to a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a view showing a use state of the handheld portable display shown in FIG. 3;

FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a personal projector according to a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a head mounted display according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a view for explaining preferable scattering characteristics of a scattering plate used in the display device shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a graph showing a relationship between a coefficient n in an expression representing a luminous intensity distribution and illumination efficiency.

FIG. 10 is a graph showing a relationship between a coefficient n in an expression representing a light intensity distribution and a light beam width at a position corresponding to a pupil.

FIG. 11 is a schematic diagram of a display device according to a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 12 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a hand-held portable display according to a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 13 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a personal projector according to an eighth embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 14 is a schematic diagram showing a configuration of a head mounted display according to a ninth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 15 is a schematic diagram illustrating, from above, a configuration of a glasses-mounted head mounted display according to a tenth embodiment of the present invention and a state in which the display is mounted on the left eye side.

FIG. 16 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the eyeglass-mounted head-mounted display according to the tenth embodiment of the present invention is mounted on the right eye side from the front of the user.

FIG. 17 is a diagram for explaining movement of an emission optical axis accompanying movement of a housing in the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 18 is a diagram showing a manner in which the housing is turned upside down between the case where the case is attached to the right eye and the case where the case is attached to the left eye in the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 19 is a block diagram showing image upside-down inversion control means in a tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 20 is a view showing a modification of the fixing part in the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 21 is a view showing a modification having two mirrors in the tenth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 22 is a schematic diagram illustrating, from above, a configuration of an eyeglass-mounted head-mounted display according to an eleventh embodiment of the present invention and a state in which the head-mounted display is mounted on the right eye side.

FIG. 23 is a diagram illustrating a state in which the eyeglass-mounted head-mounted display according to the eleventh embodiment of the present invention is mounted on the right eye side from the front of the user.

FIG. 24 is an enlarged exploded perspective view of a connection portion between a fixed housing and a rotating housing in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 25 is a diagram for explaining a state of movement of an emission optical axis accompanying rotation of a rotating housing and a state of fixation by a fixing clip in an eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 26 is a diagram showing a state in which only the rotating housing is turned upside down in the case of attaching to the right eye side and the case of attaching to the left eye side in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 27 is a view showing a modification of the fixing part in the eleventh embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 28 is a schematic diagram of a conventional display device.

[Explanation of symbols]

 Reference Signs List 1 display device 12 white LED 14 condenser lens 16 liquid crystal display 18 imaging lens 24 retina 26 iris 29 focal point

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 2H088 EA10 EA13 EA15 HA06 HA21 HA24 HA28 MA20 5G435 AA00 AA01 AA18 BB12 BB15 CC12 DD04 DD09 EE02 EE07 EE13 EE14 EE26 FF03 FF06 FF07 FF11 GG02 GG08 GG08 GG23 H03 H03

Claims (7)

[Claims] A point light source that emits white light; a condensing optical system that condenses light from the point light source; a spatial light modulating unit that modulates light condensed by the condensing optical system; A display device comprising: an imaging optical system that forms an image of the light modulated by the spatial light modulator. 2. The image forming optical system is arranged so that the point light source and a first point behind the image forming optical system by an arbitrary distance are substantially in a conjugate relationship, and 2. The image display device according to claim 1, wherein the spatial light modulator and the second point substantially behind the first point by a distance between the pupil and the retina are substantially conjugated with each other. 2. The display device according to 1. 3. The display device according to claim 2, wherein the point light source is a blue light emitting diode or an ultraviolet light emitting diode to which a fluorescent substance is provided outside. 4. The display device according to claim ² , wherein a light emitting area of the point light source is 1 mm ² or less. 5. A display device according to claim 1, a housing accommodating the display device and capable of being supported by one or both hands, and image observation provided on the housing. A hand-held type portable display, comprising: 6. A personal device comprising: the display device according to claim 1; and a housing that houses the display device and can be mounted on a table. projector. 7. A head mount comprising: the display device according to claim 1; and a housing accommodating the display device and attachable to a head. display.