JP2000230465A - Fuel injection valve - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To change a spray form of entire fuel injected from a fuel injection valve. SOLUTION: When liquid fuel running inside a fuel passage 5' is heated, the fuel becomes easier to be vaporized due to raised temperature of the fuel and the distance that the fuel can reach as liquid fuel spray becomes shorter after injected from a fuel injection valve. On the other hand, when liquid fuel running inside a fuel passage 5' is not heated, the distance that the fuel can reach as liquid fuel spray after injected from the fuel injection valve does not become shorter. Making use of the above property, a fuel passage 5 is formed between an outer peripheral plane 3 of a needle valve 1 and an inner peripheral plane 4 of a housing 2. The fuel passage 5 is divided into a plurality of the fuel passages 5' in the direction of the circumference to heat the fuel running inside a fuel passage selected among a plurality of fuel passages 5' by a heating element 6. Instead of the heating element 6, a vibration element to give vibration to the fuel inside a divided fuel passage, or a flow rate control valve to control the fuel flow rate can be applied.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

[0001] The present invention relates to a fuel injection valve.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, there has been known a fuel injection valve capable of changing a spray shape of fuel injected from the fuel injection valve. For example, the fuel injection valve described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. H4-5469 is capable of moving a member having an injection hole with respect to an injection nozzle, or an arbitrary one of a plurality of injection holes. By using one of the injection holes, the spray shape of the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed.
Also, for example, the fuel injection valve described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 5-44598 changes the spray shape of the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve by applying an airflow to the fuel injected from the injection hole. I can do it.

[0003]

However, in the fuel injection valve described in the above-mentioned Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 4-5469,
In order to be able to move the member in which the injection hole is formed with respect to the injection nozzle, or to select and use any one injection hole,
The structure of the injection hole becomes complicated. Further, in the fuel injection valve described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-44598, a means for applying an airflow to the fuel injected from the injection hole is required, so that the size of the fuel injection valve increases. .

On the other hand, in the above-mentioned publication, a fuel passage is formed between an outer peripheral surface of a needle valve and an inner peripheral surface of a housing, and the fuel passage is divided into a plurality of fuel passages in a circumferential direction.
No means is disclosed for changing the spray shape of the entire fuel injected from the fuel injection valve by applying heat or vibration to the fuel flowing in the fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages.

In addition, a fuel passage is formed between the outer peripheral surface of the needle valve and the inner peripheral surface of the housing, and the fuel passage is divided into a plurality of fuel passages in a circumferential direction. No means is disclosed for changing the flow rate of fuel flowing through the fuel passage to change the spray shape of the entire fuel injected from the fuel injection valve.

In view of the above problems, the present invention provides a fuel passage formed between an outer peripheral surface of a needle valve and an inner peripheral surface of a housing, and the fuel passage is divided into a plurality of fuel passages in a circumferential direction. A fuel injection valve capable of changing the spray shape of the entire fuel injected from the fuel injection valve by applying heat or vibration to fuel flowing in a fuel passage selected from among the fuel passages. Aim.

Further, according to the present invention, a fuel passage is formed between an outer peripheral surface of a needle valve and an inner peripheral surface of a housing, and the fuel passage is divided into a plurality of fuel passages in a circumferential direction. It is an object of the present invention to provide a fuel injection valve capable of changing the spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve by changing the flow rate of the fuel flowing in the fuel passage selected from the following.

[0008]

According to the first aspect of the present invention, in a fuel injection valve having a needle valve and a housing for accommodating the needle valve, an outer peripheral surface of the needle valve and an inner surface of the housing are provided. A fuel passage is formed between the fuel cell and a peripheral surface, and the fuel passage includes a plurality of regions arranged in a circumferential direction, and heat or vibration is applied to fuel flowing in a region selected from the plurality of regions. There is provided a fuel injector characterized in that it is added.

In the fuel injection valve according to the first aspect, the fuel injection valve is selected from a plurality of circumferentially arranged regions constituting a fuel passage formed between the outer peripheral surface of the needle valve and the inner peripheral surface of the housing. Heat or vibrations are applied to the fuel flowing in the defined area. Here, when heat is applied to the liquid fuel flowing in the region, the fuel is easily vaporized due to the temperature rise of the fuel, and the distance that can be reached as liquid fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve is reduced. On the other hand, when no heat is applied to the liquid fuel flowing in the region, the distance that can be reached as the liquid fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve does not become short. By utilizing the above properties, by applying heat only to the fuel flowing in the area selected from the plurality of areas,
The spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed. Further, when vibration is applied to the liquid fuel flowing in the region, the fuel is easily vaporized by generating bubbles in the liquid fuel, and the distance that can be reached as a liquid fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve is Be shorter. On the other hand, when no vibration is applied to the liquid fuel flowing in the region, the distance that can be reached as the liquid fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve does not become short. Utilizing the above properties,
By applying vibration only to the fuel flowing in the region selected from the plurality of regions, the spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed.

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in a fuel injection valve having a needle valve and a housing for accommodating the needle valve, a fuel injection valve is provided between an outer peripheral surface of the needle valve and an inner peripheral surface of the housing. While forming a fuel passage,
A fuel injection valve is provided, wherein the fuel passage is divided into a plurality of fuel passages in a circumferential direction, and heat or vibration is applied to fuel flowing in a fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages. .

According to the third aspect of the present invention, heat or vibration is applied to the fuel whose distance which can be reached as fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve is to be shortened.
Or a fuel injection valve according to 2 is provided.

In the fuel injection valve according to the second and third aspects,
Heat or vibration is applied to fuel flowing in a fuel passage selected from a plurality of fuel passages formed between the outer peripheral surface of the needle valve and the inner peripheral surface of the housing and divided in the circumferential direction. Here, when heat is applied to the liquid fuel flowing in the fuel passage, the fuel is easily vaporized due to a rise in the temperature of the fuel, and the distance that can be reached as liquid fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve is reduced. On the other hand, when heat is not applied to the liquid fuel flowing in the fuel passage, the distance that can be reached as the liquid fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve does not become short. By utilizing the above properties and applying heat only to the fuel flowing in the fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages, the spray shape of the entire fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed. Further, when vibration is applied to the liquid fuel flowing in the fuel passage, bubbles are generated in the liquid fuel, so that the fuel is easily vaporized, and a distance that can be reached as a liquid fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve. Becomes shorter. On the other hand, when no vibration is applied to the liquid fuel flowing in the fuel passage, the distance that can be reached as the liquid fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve does not become short. Utilizing the above properties, by applying vibration only to the fuel flowing through the fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages, it is possible to change the spray shape of the entire fuel injected from the fuel injection valve.

According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, the region or the fuel passage through which the fuel to which heat or vibration is to be applied flows is selected according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine. The described fuel injection valve is provided.

[0014] In the fuel injection valve according to the fourth aspect, the region or the fuel passage through which the fuel to which heat or vibration is to be applied flows is selected according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine. Therefore, the spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine.

According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, an element for applying heat or vibration to the fuel flowing in the fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages is provided in each of the plurality of fuel passages. 3. An arrangement according to claim 2, wherein
A fuel injection valve according to (1) is provided.

In the fuel injector according to the fifth aspect, an element for applying heat or vibration to the fuel flowing in the fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages is disposed in each of the plurality of fuel passages. . Therefore, heat or vibration can be applied to the fuel flowing in any one of the plurality of fuel passages.

According to a sixth aspect of the present invention, in a fuel injection valve including a needle valve and a housing for accommodating the needle valve, a fuel injection valve is provided between an outer peripheral surface of the needle valve and an inner peripheral surface of the housing. While forming a fuel passage,
A fuel injection valve is provided, wherein the fuel passage is divided into a plurality of fuel passages in a circumferential direction, and a flow rate of fuel flowing in a fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages is changed.

In the fuel injection valve according to the present invention, the fuel is selected from a plurality of fuel passages formed between the outer peripheral surface of the needle valve and the inner peripheral surface of the housing and divided in the circumferential direction. The flow rate of the fuel flowing in the passage is changed.
Here, when the flow rate of the fuel flowing in the fuel passage is reduced, the distance that can be reached as fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve is reduced. On the other hand, if the flow rate of the fuel flowing in the fuel passage cannot be reduced, the distance that can be reached as fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve does not become short. By using only the above properties and changing only the flow rate of the fuel flowing through the fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages, the spray shape of the entire fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed. .

According to the invention described in claim 7, the flow rate of the fuel flowing through the fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages is changed by a flow control valve. The described fuel injection valve is provided.

In the fuel injection valve according to the present invention, the flow rate of the fuel flowing through the fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages is changed by the flow control valve. Therefore, by changing the opening amount of the flow control valve linearly, the spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed linearly.

According to the invention described in claim 8, the flow control valve is formed of a shape memory alloy deformable by heat, and the opening amount of the flow control valve according to the amount of heat applied to the shape memory alloy The fuel injection valve according to claim 7, wherein is adjusted.

In the fuel injection valve according to the eighth aspect, the opening amount of the flow control valve is adjusted in accordance with the amount of heat applied to the shape memory alloy. Therefore, by changing the heating amount of the shape memory alloy as needed, the opening amount of the flow control valve can be adjusted.

[0023]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a part of a tip of a first embodiment of the fuel injection valve of the present invention, FIG. 2 is an end view of the fuel injection valve shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. It is a III-III sectional view. 1 to 3, 1 is a needle valve, 2 is a housing for accommodating the needle valve 1, and 3 is a needle valve 1.
Is a fuel passage formed between the outer peripheral surface 3 of the needle valve and the inner peripheral surface 4 of the housing. The fuel passage 5 is divided into a plurality of fuel passages 5 ′ by a separator 7 attached to the housing 2. The fuel flowing in the fuel passage 5 is injected from the fuel injection valve through the divided fuel passage 5 ′, the communication passage 8, the suck hole 10 and the fan-shaped injection hole 9. Heat is applied by the heating element 6 to the fuel flowing in the selected fuel passage 5 ′ among the plurality of fuel passages 5 ′. The heating element 6 is arranged in each of the plurality of fuel passages 5 '. Separator 7
Is formed so that the injection direction of the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve includes only the central axis direction component and the radial direction component of the fuel injection valve, and does not include the circumferential direction component. That is, the communication passage 8 extends in the radial direction of the fuel injection valve.

FIG. 4 shows the distance that the fuel injected after being heated by the heating element can reach as a fuel spray and the distance that the fuel injected without being heated by the heating element can reach as a fuel spray. FIG. When heat is applied to the liquid fuel flowing through the fuel passage 5 'by the heating element 6, the fuel is easily vaporized due to a rise in the temperature of the fuel, and the fuel is injected from the fuel injection valve as indicated by a solid arrow in FIG. The distance that can be reached as the liquid fuel spray after the spraying is shortened. On the other hand, when heat is not applied by the heating element 6 to the liquid fuel flowing in the fuel passage 5 ′, the liquid fuel can reach as a liquid fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve, as indicated by a dashed arrow in FIG. The distance doesn't get shorter. That is, in the present embodiment, of the fuel flowing through the plurality of fuel passages 5 ′, heat is applied by the heating element 6 to the fuel whose distance that can be reached as liquid fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve is to be shortened. Can be On the other hand, heat is not applied to the fuel flowing through the plurality of fuel passages 5 ', for which there is no need to shorten the distance that can be reached as the liquid fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve.

FIG. 5 is a top view of a cylinder when the fuel injection valve of this embodiment is applied to a direct injection type internal combustion engine at a low engine load operation, and FIG. 6 is a partial sectional side view of the cylinder shown in FIG. . FIG. 7 is a top view of a cylinder during high engine load operation in which the fuel injection valve of the present embodiment is applied to a direct injection internal combustion engine,
FIG. 8 is a partial sectional side view of the cylinder shown in FIG. FIG.
8 to 51, reference numeral 51 denotes a fuel injection valve of the present embodiment;
Is a piston, 53 is a cylinder block, 54 is a spark plug,
55 is a concave portion formed in the piston 52, 56 is a cylinder head, and 57 and 57 'are fuel sprays.

At the time of engine low load operation, it is necessary to perform the lean burn operation by concentrating the fuel spray 57 as close to the ignition plug 54 as possible. For this purpose, heat is applied to the fuel flowing through the fuel passages selected as needed among the plurality of fuel passages 5 '. As a result, as shown in FIGS. 5 and 6, the spread angle of the liquid fuel spray 57 of the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve 51 is reduced, and the direction of the liquid fuel spray 57 is changed. On the other hand, during high engine load operation, it is necessary to prevent the fuel spray 57 'from directly hitting the wall surface of the cylinder block 53, and to increase the spread angle of the fuel spray 57' to mix the fuel and the intake air well. is there. Therefore, the application of heat to the fuel flowing through the plurality of fuel passages 5 'is stopped, or the heat flowing through the fuel passages of the plurality of fuel passages 5' that is different from the fuel passage during engine low load operation. Is added.
As a result, as shown in FIG. 7 and FIG.
The spread angle of the liquid fuel spray 57 ′ of the fuel injected from the nozzle is increased, and the direction of the liquid fuel spray 57 ′ is changed from the direction shown in FIGS. 5 and 6.

According to this embodiment, the fuel selected from the plurality of fuel passages 5 'formed between the outer peripheral surface 3 of the needle valve and the inner peripheral surface 4 of the housing and divided in the circumferential direction. Heat is applied to the fuel flowing in the passage. When heat is applied to the liquid fuel flowing in the fuel passage 5 ′, the fuel is easily vaporized due to the temperature rise of the fuel, and the distance that can be reached as a liquid fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve is shortened (FIG. 4 solid arrow). On the other hand, when no heat is applied to the liquid fuel flowing through the fuel passage 5 ′, the distance that can be reached as the liquid fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve does not become short (dashed arrow in FIG. 4). Utilizing the above properties, it is possible to change the spray shape of the entire fuel injected from the fuel injection valve by applying heat only to the fuel flowing in the fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages 5 ′. it can.

According to the present embodiment, the fuel to be heated is selected according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine. For details,
The fuel passage 5 ′ to be heated to add heat to the fuel is changed between the low engine load operation and the high engine load operation. Therefore, the spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine.

According to this embodiment, a plurality of fuel passages 5 'are provided.
As shown in FIG. 3, a heating element 6 for applying heat to the fuel flowing through the fuel passage selected from the fuel passages is disposed in each of the plurality of fuel passages 5 ′. Therefore, heat can be applied to the fuel flowing in any one of the plurality of fuel passages 5 '.

According to the present embodiment, since the fan-shaped injection holes 9 are provided, the spread angle (as viewed from the front side or the back side in FIG. 1) of the fuel spray injected from the fuel injection valve can be made relatively large. it can.

According to this embodiment, for example, when it is not necessary for the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve to form a swirl flow,
The injection direction of the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve is composed of only the central axis direction component and the radial direction component of the fuel injection valve,
In order not to include the circumferential component, the communication path 8 is formed radially as shown in FIG. Therefore, the configuration of the fuel injection valve, specifically, the configuration of the separator 7 can be simplified.

FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view similar to FIG. 1 of a second embodiment of the fuel injection valve of the present invention, and FIG. 10 is an end view of the fuel injection valve shown in FIG. 9 and 10, the same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 3 denote the same parts or parts as those shown in FIGS. Hole.

According to the present embodiment, since the injection hole 209 is formed in a cylindrical shape, compared to the fan-shaped injection hole as shown in FIGS. The spread angle can be made relatively small.

Also in this embodiment, the spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve is changed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, that is, by utilizing the same properties as those shown in FIG. Can be. Further, similarly to the first embodiment, the spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed according to the operation state of the internal combustion engine, and the fuel passage among the plurality of fuel passages 5 'can be changed. Heat can be applied to the fuel flowing through the inside, and the communication passage 8 is formed radially as shown in FIG. 3, thereby simplifying the structure of the fuel injection valve, specifically, the structure of the separator 7. Can be

FIG. 11 is a partial sectional view similar to FIG. 1 of a third embodiment of the fuel injection valve of the present invention, and FIG.
FIG. 11 is a sectional view taken along the line X-II. 11 and 12, FIG.
The same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS.
307 shows the same parts or parts as those shown in FIG. 3, and 307 forms a spiral around the central axis of the fuel injection valve so that the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve forms a swirling flow. This is a separator provided with a communication path 308.

According to the present embodiment, the fuel injected from the fuel injection valve forms a swirl flow by the separator 307 having the helical communication passage 308, so that the fuel is stable even under severe fuel injection conditions. Combustion can be performed.

Also in this embodiment, the spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve is changed in the same manner as in the first embodiment, that is, by utilizing the same properties as those shown in FIG. Can be. Further, similarly to the first embodiment, the spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed according to the operation state of the internal combustion engine, and the fuel passage among the plurality of fuel passages 5 'can be changed. Heat can also be applied to the fuel flowing inside, and the spread angle of the fuel spray injected from the fuel injection valve can be made relatively large.

Further, although not shown, in another embodiment, a separator having a cylindrical injection hole 209 shown in FIGS. 9 and 10 and a spiral communication passage 308 shown in FIGS. 307 can also be combined.

FIG. 13 is a partial sectional view similar to FIG. 1 of a fourth embodiment of the fuel injection valve of the present invention, and FIG.
It is -XIV sectional drawing. 13 and FIG.
The same reference numerals as those shown in FIGS.
406 is a vibrating element for applying vibration to the fuel flowing in the fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages 5 '. The vibration element 406 is arranged in each of the plurality of fuel passages 5 '.

According to this embodiment, the fuel selected from the plurality of fuel passages 5 'formed between the outer peripheral surface 3 of the needle valve and the inner peripheral surface 4 of the housing and divided in the circumferential direction. Vibration is applied to the fuel flowing in the passage. When vibration is applied to the liquid fuel flowing through the fuel passage 5 ′,
By the generation of bubbles in the liquid fuel, the fuel is easily vaporized, and the distance that can be reached as liquid fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve is shortened (solid line arrow in FIG. 4). On the other hand, when no vibration is applied to the liquid fuel flowing in the fuel passage 5 ′, the distance that can be reached as the liquid fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve does not become short (dashed arrow in FIG. 4). Utilizing the above properties, by applying vibration only to the fuel flowing through the fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages 5 ′, it is possible to change the spray shape of the entire fuel injected from the fuel injection valve. it can.

In this embodiment, as in the first embodiment, the spray shape of the entire fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine, and a plurality of fuel passages can be formed. Vibration can be applied to fuel flowing in any one of the fuel passages 5 ′, and by forming the injection holes 9 in a fan shape, the spread angle of the fuel spray injected from the fuel injection valve can be made relatively large. By forming the communication passage 8 radially as shown in FIG. 14, the configuration of the fuel injection valve, in particular, the configuration of the separator 7 can be simplified.

Although not shown, in a modified example of this embodiment, the vibration element 406 of this embodiment is applied instead of the heating element 6 of the second and third embodiments and the other embodiments described above. You. According to the modified example of the present embodiment, it is possible to achieve the same effects as the effects of the above-described second and third embodiments and the other embodiments described above.

In all the embodiments described above, the fuel passage 5 is divided into a plurality of fuel passages 5 '. However, if a plurality of heating elements 6 or vibrating elements 406 are arranged in the circumferential direction, the fuel passage itself may be divided. May be single.

FIG. 15 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a part of the tip of a fifth embodiment of the fuel injection valve of the present invention when the flow control valve is closed. FIG. 16 shows FIG.
FIG. 6 is a sectional view taken along the line XVI-XVI of FIG. FIG. 17 is a partial sectional view showing a part of the tip of the fifth embodiment of the fuel injection valve of the present invention, when the flow control valve is opened.
FIG. 18 is a sectional view taken along the line XVIII-XVIII in FIG. FIG.
1 to FIG. 3, FIG. 9, FIG. 11, and FIG.
The same reference numerals as those shown in FIG. 2 indicate the same parts or parts as those shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, 9, 11 and 12. 511 is a plurality of fuel passages 5 ″
The flow control valve is formed of a shape memory alloy to control the flow rate of the fuel flowing through the fuel passage selected from the above. A heating element 506 heats the shape memory alloy of the flow control valve 511 when the flow control valve 511 is opened, and does not heat the shape memory alloy of the flow control valve 511 when the flow control valve 511 is closed. Heating element 506
Are arranged in each of the plurality of fuel passages 5 ″.

According to the present embodiment, a fuel selected from a plurality of fuel passages 5 ″ formed between the outer peripheral surface 3 of the needle valve and the inner peripheral surface 4 of the housing and divided in the circumferential direction. The flow rate of the fuel flowing in the passage is changed. If the flow rate of the fuel flowing in the fuel passage 5 ″ is reduced, the distance that can be reached as a fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve is shortened. It looks like a solid arrow.
On the other hand, if the flow rate of the fuel flowing through the fuel passage 5 ″ cannot be reduced, the distance that can be reached as fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve does not become short, and becomes as indicated by the dashed arrow in FIG. Utilizing the nature of the multiple fuel passages 5 "
By changing only the flow rate of the fuel flowing in the fuel passage selected from the above, the spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed.

According to the present embodiment, the plurality of fuel passages 5 ″
The flow rate of the fuel flowing in the fuel passage selected from the above is changed by the flow control valve 511. Therefore, by changing the opening amount of the flow control valve 511 linearly, the spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed linearly.

According to this embodiment, when the shape memory alloy forming the flow control valve 511 is heated, the flow control valve 511 is opened, and when the shape memory alloy is not heated, the flow control valve 511 is opened. The valve is closed. Therefore, even when the heating means (including the heating element 506) for heating the shape memory alloy fails, it is possible to prevent the fuel injection valve from injecting more fuel than necessary. . In the modification of the present embodiment, when the opening period of the flow control valve is longer than the closing period, the shape memory alloy forming the flow control valve is heated, contrary to the present embodiment. It is also possible that the flow control valve is closed when it is in operation and the flow control valve is opened when the shape memory alloy is not heated.

According to the present embodiment, since the injection hole 209 is formed in a cylindrical shape, an effect peculiar to the cylindrical injection hole 209 can be obtained as in the case described with reference to FIGS. it can. Further, according to the present embodiment, the separator 30
7 has a helical communication passage 308, and thus the separator 307 having the helical communication passage 308 as in the case described with reference to FIGS. 11 and 12.
Specific effects can be achieved.

Although not shown, in a modification of the present embodiment, a fan-shaped injection hole 9 is used instead of the cylindrical injection hole 209, or a separator 307 having a communication passage 308 having a helical shape is used. By applying the separator 7 having the radial communication path 8, the injection hole and the separator can be arbitrarily combined. According to the modified example of the present embodiment, it is possible to achieve the same effects as the effects of the above-described first to third embodiments according to the combination of the injection hole and the separator.

[0051]

According to the first to third aspects of the present invention,
The spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed.

According to the fourth aspect of the invention, the spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed according to the operating state of the internal combustion engine.

According to the invention described in claim 5, heat or vibration can be applied to the fuel flowing in any one of the plurality of fuel passages.

According to the sixth aspect of the invention, it is possible to change the spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve.

According to the present invention, the spray shape of the whole fuel injected from the fuel injection valve can be changed linearly.

According to the eighth aspect of the present invention, the amount of heating of the shape memory alloy can be changed as necessary to adjust the opening amount of the flow control valve.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a part of a front end of a first embodiment of a fuel injection valve of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an end view of the fuel injection valve shown in FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a sectional view taken along line III-III of FIG.

FIG. 4 is a diagram showing a distance that fuel injected after being heated by a heating element can reach as a fuel spray and a distance that fuel injected without being heated by a heating element can reach as a fuel spray. .

FIG. 5 is a top view of a cylinder during low engine load operation in which the fuel injection valve of the first embodiment is applied to a direct injection internal combustion engine.

FIG. 6 is a partial sectional side view of the cylinder shown in FIG. 5;

FIG. 7 is a top view of a cylinder during high engine load operation in which the fuel injection valve of the first embodiment is applied to a direct injection internal combustion engine.

FIG. 8 is a partial sectional side view of the cylinder shown in FIG. 7;

FIG. 9 is a partial sectional view similar to FIG. 1 of a second embodiment of the fuel injection valve of the present invention.

FIG. 10 is an end view of the fuel injection valve shown in FIG. 9;

FIG. 11 shows a third embodiment of the fuel injection valve according to the present invention;
It is a partial sectional view similar to.

FIG. 12 is a sectional view taken along the line XII-XII of FIG. 11;

FIG. 13 shows a fourth embodiment of a fuel injection valve according to the present invention;
It is a partial sectional view similar to.

14 is a sectional view taken along the line XIV-XIV of FIG.

FIG. 15 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a part of a tip end of a fifth embodiment of the fuel injection valve of the present invention when the flow control valve is closed.

16 is a sectional view taken along the line XVI-XVI in FIG.

FIG. 17 is a partial cross-sectional view showing a part of a front end of a fifth embodiment of the fuel injection valve of the present invention when the flow control valve is opened.

FIG. 18 is a sectional view taken along line XVIII-XVIII in FIG. 17;

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 needle valve 2 housing 3 outer peripheral surface of needle valve 4 inner peripheral surface of housing 5 5 ′ fuel passage 6 heating element

──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continued on the front page (51) Int.Cl. ⁷ Identification symbol FI Theme coat ゛ (Reference) F02M 61/18 360 F02M 61/18 360J

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A fuel injection valve comprising a needle valve and a housing accommodating the needle valve, wherein a fuel passage is formed between an outer peripheral surface of the needle valve and an inner peripheral surface of the housing. Is a fuel injection valve comprising a plurality of regions arranged in a circumferential direction, wherein heat or vibration is applied to fuel flowing in a region selected from the plurality of regions. 2. A fuel injection valve comprising a needle valve and a housing accommodating the needle valve, wherein a fuel passage is formed between an outer peripheral surface of the needle valve and an inner peripheral surface of the housing, and the fuel passage is formed. A fuel injection valve, wherein a passage is divided into a plurality of fuel passages in a circumferential direction, and heat or vibration is applied to fuel flowing in a fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages. 3. The fuel injection valve according to claim 1, wherein heat or vibration is applied to the fuel whose distance that can be reached as fuel spray after being injected from the fuel injection valve is to be shortened. 4. The fuel injection valve according to claim 1, wherein a region or a fuel passage through which fuel to which heat or vibration to be applied flows flows is selected according to an operation state of the internal combustion engine. 5. An element for applying heat or vibration to fuel flowing in a fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages is disposed in each of the plurality of fuel passages. Item 3. The fuel injection valve according to Item 2. 6. A fuel injection valve comprising a needle valve and a housing for accommodating the needle valve, wherein a fuel passage is formed between an outer peripheral surface of the needle valve and an inner peripheral surface of the housing, and the fuel passage is formed. A fuel injection valve, wherein a passage is divided into a plurality of fuel passages in a circumferential direction, and a flow rate of fuel flowing in a fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages is changed. 7. The fuel injection valve according to claim 6, wherein a flow rate of fuel flowing through a fuel passage selected from the plurality of fuel passages is changed by a flow control valve. 8. The flow control valve is formed of a shape memory alloy deformed by heat, and the opening amount of the flow control valve is adjusted according to the amount of heat applied to the shape memory alloy. The fuel injection valve according to claim 7.