JP2000229249A - Fiber-containing material expanding and pulverizing method and device therefor - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable uniformly feeding a fiber-containing material to be treated to all the periphery in a compression part of the subject device, to enable uniformly discharging the compressed and heated material, and to balance angular moment of a rotating shaft. SOLUTION: Powdery material contained in fiber-containing material is separated and removed. While the fiber-containing material is caused to flow at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the material, it is compressed in the presence of water to make it have temperature not less than the boiling point of water and it is discharged to an ordinary temperature and ordinary pressure environment to expand and pulverize the material. The objective device is provided with a power device 20, a hollow cylindrical part, and a screw axis part 19. The hollow cylindrical part is provided with a compression part 17 tapered downward from upward and a nozzle lie discharge part 27 on the inner surface of a sidewall part thereof, and provided with a material feeding opening 18 and a water supply opening in the cylindrical sidewall part above the compression part, and is inclined at an angle larger than the angle of repose of the material. The screw axis part 19 has its part arranged in the compression part of the hollow cylindrical part formed in a taper and its outer peripheral part provided with a spiral screw blade.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a method for expanding and pulverizing, for example, a so-called fiber-containing material, which expands and pulverizes a material containing fibrous material such as, for example, a material containing natural fiber, especially plant fiber or animal fiber. Regarding the device, in particular, cereals,
Wood chips, buckwheat husks, straw, rice straw, bark, nut shells,
The present invention relates to a method and an apparatus for continuously expanding and crushing a material containing plant fibers such as rice hulls, okara, and plant hides or a material containing animal fibers such as feathers.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art For example, plant fiber materials such as wood chips, buckwheat husks, rice straw, bark, seed husks, legume pods or husks, rice husks, plant skins, pruned branches, and okara, or feathers. Materials containing fibers such as animal fiber materials are generated as waste materials in the threshing process of cereals, the grinding process for pulp production, the sawing process, the processing of seeds and seeds, the processing of beans, and the like. These waste materials are enormous in volume, but most of them are incinerated and discarded. Conventionally, for example, rice husks to be discarded are expanded and crushed to be used as raw materials for compost, feed, or the like, or as such. The expansion and crushing process of the rice hull is provided with a discharge opening which opens in the collection pipe of the expansion and crushed product in the lateral direction at the end of the tip portion formed in a tapered shape, and the rice hull is formed above the discharge opening. In a cylindrical casing forming an introduction portion, a tip portion is formed in a tapered shape, and a rotating shaft having a spiral screw blade on a surface of the tapered portion is inserted so as to be rotatable in a horizontal direction. Then, it is performed by a rice hull expansion and crushing device that forms a screw press structure at the tip of the casing. That is, in this case, the rice husk is introduced from the rice husk introduction part in the rice hull expansion and crushing device, and the rice hull is rotated by pressing the screw shaft while adding water and compressed.
For example, the rice hulls are heated to a high temperature of 200 ° C. or higher, and the compressed and heated rice hulls are ejected into the atmosphere from a discharge port opened in the collection pipe to adialyze and crush the rice husks.

[0003] In the rice hulls expanded and crushed as described above, at least some of the particles have fine cracks not found in the raw hulls, and when the expanded and crushed rice husks are touched by hand. Expanding and crushing the rice hulls to provide a soft feel is referred to as rice hull expansion and softening.
By such expansion and softening of the rice hulls, the expanded and pulverized rice husks are formed to a smaller particle size than the raw rice hulls,
The particle size is reduced by reducing the size of the gap formed between the screw shaft of the discharge port and the nozzle wall.
The expanded and crushed rice husk particles can be made finer, and by increasing the gap, the expanded and crushed rice husk particles can be made coarser, for example, from the size of sawdust to the size of a bran. It can be formed up to.

[0004]

However, in this horizontal type rice hull expanding and crushing apparatus, the raw rice hull tends to be unevenly distributed downward in the tapered compression section, so that its distribution becomes non-uniform. The amount of the compressed and heated chaff discharged from the discharge port becomes non-uniform, and the current value of the motor fluctuates greatly. Therefore, the power, for example, 3 per
It is necessary to set as large as 7 kW, which is a problem. In addition, since the distribution of rice hulls in the cylindrical casing is not uniform, the wear of the tapered screw shaft and the inner surface of the cylindrical casing become uneven, shortening the life of the screw shaft and the cylindrical casing. Is a problem. Further, the dust contained in the rice hulls easily forms bridges, and fine dust adheres to the inside of the supply casing, closing the supply casing, often stopping supply of the raw material, which is a problem. In addition, in the conventional horizontal rice hull expansion and crushing apparatus, since the rotating shaft inserted in the casing is supported in a cantilever manner, the rotation of the rotating shaft is large, and the rotating shaft is damaged by fatigue. However, uneven wear of the rotating shaft due to uneven distribution of the material is a problem because the lateral runout during rotation of the rotating shaft is further increased. The present invention has been made to solve the problems related to the unevenness of the distribution of the fiber-containing material such as the rice hulls to be expanded and crushed and the blockage of the supply casing due to dust in the conventional horizontal rice hull expansion and crushing apparatus. I have.

[0005]

According to the present invention, a fiber-containing material as a material to be processed can be uniformly supplied to the entire circumference of a compression section of an expansion and crushing apparatus, and the distribution of the material to be processed in the compression section can be controlled. An object of the present invention is to provide a method and an apparatus for expanding and pulverizing a fiber-containing material, which can uniformly discharge a material to be processed which has been compressed and heated, and can further balance the rotational moment of a rotating shaft. I do.
The present inventors have provided a device for expanding and crushing a fiber-containing material in a vertical type or at an angle greater than the angle of repose of the fiber-containing material, and separating and removing a powdery material contained in the fiber-containing material in advance. By supplying the expanded fiber-containing material to the expansion and crushing device, the material to be treated can be continuously and uniformly supplied to the entire circumference of the inside of the compression portion of the expansion and crushing device. The present inventors have found that the distribution of the processing material can be made uniform, the material to be processed heated by compression can be uniformly discharged, and the rotational moment of the rotating shaft can be balanced, and the present invention has been accomplished.

That is, the present invention separates and removes the powdery material contained in the fiber-containing material, and replaces the material to be expanded and softened including the fiber-containing material from which the fine powdery material has been removed with the angle of repose of the material. Compressed in the presence of water while flowing at an angle exceeding 300 ° C. to generate heat to a temperature higher than the boiling point of water. A method of expanding and crushing the fiber-containing material by discharging the material into a pressurized atmosphere and expanding and crushing the fiber-containing material. A tapered compression section and a nozzle-shaped discharge section connected to the tip of the tapered compression section,
The cylindrical side wall portion above the compression section is provided with an opening for supplying a fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed and an opening for water supply, and is inclined at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed. A hollow cylindrical body, a shaft part rotatably inserted into the hollow cylindrical body, an upper rotating shaft connected to an upper end of the shaft part and supported by an upper bearing part,
A lower rotating shaft connected to a lower end of the shaft portion and supported by a lower bearing portion; and a rotating shaft of the power unit is connected to one of the upper rotating shaft and the lower rotating shaft. The shaft has an upper connecting portion connected to an upper rotating shaft at an upper end thereof, and a lower connecting portion connected to a lower connecting portion at a lower end thereof. A portion disposed in the compression portion of the hollow cylindrical body, located above the connection portion, is formed into a tapered shape, and forms a screw shaft portion provided with a helical screw blade on an outer peripheral portion thereof. An apparatus for expanding and crushing a fiber-containing material.

Further, the present invention includes a power unit, and a nozzle-shaped discharge portion connected to the tip of the tapered compression portion on the inner surface of the side wall portion from the upper part to the lower part from the upper part. An opening for supplying a fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed, and an opening for supplying water to the cylindrical side wall portion above the compression portion, at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed. An inclined hollow cylindrical body, a shaft rotatably inserted into the hollow cylindrical body, and an upper rotating shaft connected to an upper end of the shaft portion and supported by an upper bearing portion; A lower rotation shaft connected to a lower end portion of the shaft portion and supported by a lower bearing portion; and an opening for supplying the fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed has a powdery shape at the bottom of the casing. Connected to a screw conveyor with sieve holes for material separation , The rotary shaft of the power unit is connected to one of said upper rotary shaft or the lower rotating shaft,
The shaft portion has an upper connecting portion connected to an upper rotating shaft at an upper end thereof, and a lower connecting portion connected to a lower connecting portion at a lower end thereof, and a lower portion of the shaft portion above the lower connecting portion. The portion disposed in the compression portion of the hollow cylindrical body is formed in a tapered shape, and forms a screw shaft portion provided with a helical screw blade on an outer peripheral portion thereof. At the lower end of the lower connecting portion connected to the shaft portion, a substrate portion protruding outward is arranged, and at least one portion of the outer peripheral portion of the substrate portion is provided with the tool for scraping the compressed and heated fiber-containing material. The fiber-containing material scraping device is provided in a fiber-containing material expansion and crushing device, which is provided in the nozzle portion of the outer wall portion.The present invention further includes a power device, Downward from the top on the inner surface of the side wall And a nozzle-shaped discharge section connected to the tip of the tapered compression section. The supply of the fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed to a cylindrical side wall section above the compression section. A hollow cylinder having an opening for water supply and an opening for water supply, inclined at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed, and a shaft rotatably inserted into the hollow cylinder. Part, an upper rotating shaft connected to an upper end of the shaft portion and supported by an upper bearing portion, and a lower rotating shaft connected to a lower end portion of the shaft portion and supported by a lower bearing portion. The supply opening for the fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed is connected to a screw conveyor having a sieve hole for separating powdery material at the bottom of the casing, and the rotating shaft of the power unit is , On either the upper rotation axis or the lower rotation axis Binding to and,
The shaft portion has an upper connecting portion connected to an upper rotating shaft at an upper end thereof, and a lower connecting portion connected to a lower connecting portion at a lower end thereof, and a lower portion of the shaft portion above the lower connecting portion. The portion disposed in the compression portion of the hollow cylindrical body is formed in a tapered shape, and forms a screw shaft portion provided with a helical screw blade on an outer peripheral portion thereof. At the lower end of the lower connecting portion connected to the shaft portion, a substrate portion protruding outward is arranged, and at least one portion of the outer peripheral portion of the substrate portion has a radius from the top toward the lower end toward the upper side. A cutting blade that is expanded in the direction is attached to form a scraper of the fiber-containing material that has been compressed and heated, and the scraper of the fiber-containing material is disposed in a nozzle portion of the outer wall portion. The lower rotating shaft is a lower shaft A shaft sealing cover member for covering the upper end of the support portion, and a sleeve member for supporting the shaft sealing cover member, which are fixed by being inserted therethrough and supported by the lower bearing portion via the sleeve member. In the device to expand and crush the material.

[0008]

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION In the present invention, a fiber-containing material means a natural fiber-containing material, particularly a plant fiber-containing material and an animal fiber-containing material. In the present invention,
Among the fiber-containing materials, in addition to rice hulls, for example, expansion and crushing products of wood chips such as pulp chips or pruned branches, for example, long fibers can be used as raw materials for papermaking,
For example, it can be used as a raw material for relatively strong paper. Wood pieces such as pruned branches are crushed into crushed pieces having a length of about 1 cm by, for example, a chipper so as to be easily expanded and crushed, and then expanded and crushed. In addition, expanded or crushed material of plant fiber-containing materials such as plant skin, buckwheat husk, rice straw, bark, wheat straw, seed skin and shell, can be used, for example, as a raw material for compost or litter. In addition to the above, the expanded and crushed okara is sterilized and excellent in hygiene, dried and has a good texture, and can be used as an additional material for feed or confectionery having a high gluten content. Furthermore, among plant fiber-containing materials, for example, cereals are used for processing such as puffing, pregelatinization, roasting, and instant sterilization of cereals.

In the present invention, the fiber-containing material is provided in a compression portion of a hollow cylinder into which a screw shaft is inserted.
The temperature is raised by compression. In the present invention, water is added to the fiber-containing material to heat-soften the fiber-containing material. The amount of water relative to the fiber-containing material is between 10 and 30 weight percent relative to the fiber-containing material, and preferably between 20 and 25 weight percent.
The water added to the fiber-containing material may be pre-heated, but need not be heated. The heating of the fiber-containing material is due to heat generated by compression by a screw press mechanism and frictional heat, and depending on the type of the fiber-containing material,
For example, it is heated to a temperature exceeding 200 ° C., and the pressure of the saturated steam at that time is approximately 5 to 6 kg / cm 2 or more. However, even if it is heated to such a high temperature, when it is discharged into the atmosphere, part of the retained heat is taken away by the latent heat of evaporation of water and cooled,
It drops to a temperature of approximately 50-150 ° C.

Since the angle of repose of the fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed is approximately 45 °, in the present invention, the hollow cylinder is preferably provided vertically so that the fiber-containing material flows freely. However, the fiber-containing material can be provided at an angle equal to or greater than the angle of repose, for example, at an angle equal to or greater than 50 °. In the present invention, the hollow cylinder can be provided perpendicular to the horizontal plane, or can be provided at an angle of less than 90 ° to 50 ° or more with respect to the horizontal plane. The hollow cylindrical body has a cylindrical upper portion serving as a supply section for the material to be expanded and crushed, and a lower portion formed into a tapered shape to form a compression section. A screw shaft having a tapered tip is rotatably inserted into the hollow cylinder so as to convey and compress the material in the hollow cylinder. In the present invention, the lower part of the compression part casing member is formed in a tapered shape that is narrowed downward, and the gap between the compression part casing member and the screw shaft part that is formed in the tapered shape is gradually narrowed, The fiber-containing material conveyed by the screw shaft can be compressed and heated.

The screw shaft has an upper end portion and a lower end portion connected to the rotation shaft so as to be rotatable together with the rotation shaft. The screw shaft is held perpendicular to a horizontal plane in correspondence with the hollow cylinder. Or, the angle with respect to the horizontal plane is held at an angle of less than 90 ° to 50 ° or more. The rotating shafts connected at the upper and lower ends of the screw shaft are rotatably supported by bearings, respectively. In the present invention,
When the hollow cylinder is provided at an angle of 50 ° or more with respect to the horizontal plane, the supply port for the material to be expanded and crushed is provided on the upper side wall located above the compression portion of the hollow cylinder. The discharge port for the compressed, heated and expanded and pulverized material is provided in a portion located below the lower end of the side wall of the compression unit.

In the present invention, a supply port for the material to be expanded and pulverized is formed in a side wall portion located above the compression portion of the hollow cylindrical body, and a compressed and heated material is provided at a lower end of the side wall portion of the compression portion. An outlet for the expanded and crushed material is formed. In the present invention, the supply port for the material to be inflated and crushed is connected to a screw feeder of the metering machine. The screw feeder in the present invention, in order to separate the powder,
The trough disposed at the bottom of the outer periphery of the screw shaft is formed, for example, of a perforated metal or a wire mesh having a small hole of 0.5 to 1.5 mm in diameter, and is thus covered so that powder can be separated. Before the powder contained in the expanded and crushed material is supplied to the compression section casing, it can be removed in advance, and the blockage due to the adhesion of the powder to the expansion port in the compression section casing and the supply port of the crushed material can be prevented. Can be prevented.

In the present invention, the lower bearing member is in contact with the expanded and crushed material, and is exposed to the expanded and crushed material, so that the compressed and heated expanded and crushed material enters the bearing member. The shaft is sealed by a shaft sealing cover member so as not to be damaged. In the present invention, the shaft sealing cover member is formed in a cover plate shape or a lid shape, and a housing of the lower bearing member is formed with a shaft sealing device receiving portion that rotatably supports the shaft sealing cover member. Therefore, in the present invention, the expanded and crushed material discharged from the discharge port of the compression unit casing member is blocked by the shaft sealing cover member, and is discharged from the expanded and crushed material discharge port without entering the bearing member. Therefore, the movement of the bearing member is not stopped.

In the present invention, the shaft sealing cover member has an upper portion supported by a sleeve member.
A lower rotating shaft that supports the lower end of the screw shaft is inserted and fixed to the sleeve member with a nut or the like. Therefore, in the present invention, the sleeve member and the shaft sealing cover member rotate together with the lower rotation shaft. Therefore, in the present invention, the screw shaft can be easily removed from the lower bearing by removing the lower rotating shaft from the sleeve member.

The present invention separates and removes the powdery material contained in the fiber-containing material, and expands and crushes the material containing the fiber from which the finely powdered material has been removed at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the material. While flowing, it is compressed in the presence of water to generate heat to a temperature higher than the boiling point of water, and a mixture of the compressed fiber-containing material having a temperature higher than the boiling point of water and water is placed in a normal temperature and normal pressure atmosphere. Release, causing the fiber-containing material to expand and crush, so that the fiber-containing material can be evenly distributed and compressed and heated without causing blockage due to the powdered material, thereby allowing the fiber-containing material to be heated and elevated at high temperatures and pressures. It can be uniformly processed, and can be produced in a condition close to aseptic, for example, in a state in which Fusarium fungus of stupid seedling disease, eggs of pests and seeds of weeds have been killed, and a uniform expanded and crushed product can be quantitatively obtained. Can be manufactured.

Also, the present invention provides a hollow cylinder inclined at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the material to be expanded and crushed, a shaft rotatably inserted into the hollow cylinder, and the shaft. An upper rotating shaft connected to an upper end of the portion and supported by an upper bearing portion; and a lower rotating shaft connected to a lower end portion of the shaft portion and supported by a lower bearing portion, The rotating shaft of the power unit is connected to one of the upper rotating shaft and the lower rotating shaft, and the shaft portion has an upper connecting portion connected to the upper rotating shaft at an upper end thereof, and a lower end thereof. Since the lower connecting portion connected to the lower connecting portion is provided, the fiber-containing material in the compression portion casing is uniformly supplied into the compression portion casing, and there is no lateral deflection when the rotation shaft rotates, and the moment of the rotation shaft is reduced. Can be made uniform over the entire process and relatively small Can be carried out in the stomach axis diameter, the current value of the power unit is stable, with minimal power, to avoid uneven wear, it is possible to always discharge a certain amount of expansion and pulverized product.

In the present invention, the lower rotating shaft is fixed by inserting a shaft sealing cover member that covers an upper end portion of the lower bearing portion and a sleeve member that supports the shaft sealing cover member, and is fixed through the sleeve member. Since it is supported by the lower bearing, even if the hollow cylinder is provided at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the expanded softened and crushed material, the lower bearing can be attached and detached from the lower rotating shaft connected to the screw shaft. , And the expanded and crushed material is easily discharged without entering the bearing portion.

[0018]

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, but the present invention is not limited by the following description and examples. FIG. 1 is a schematic partial side cross-sectional view showing one embodiment of the present invention, partially cut away, and FIG. 2 shows a rice husk compression apparatus for an embodiment different from the embodiment of FIG. 1 of the present invention. It is a schematic partial side sectional view which shows the outline in the center partially cut away. FIG. 3 is a schematic partial side cross-sectional view showing an embodiment different from the embodiment shown in FIGS. In FIGS. 1 to 3, corresponding parts are denoted by the same reference numerals.

In the embodiment shown in FIG. 1, a rice hull expansion and softening device 1 includes a rice hull quantitative supply device 2 and a vertical rice husk compression device 4 attached to a base 3. The rice husk quantitative supply machine 2 includes a hopper 5 for putting rice hulls, and the hopper 5 is connected to a screw conveyor 7 for conveying rice hulls, which has a screw shaft 6 therein. The trough 8 of the screw conveyor 7 has a sieve 9 formed at the bottom. In this example, the opening of the sieve 9 is 0.5 mm to 1 mm. A trough 10 having an upper end connected to the trough 8 is provided below the mesh 9 of the trough 8 of the screw conveyor 7 to collect and send the powdery substances contained in the fiber-containing material separated by the mesh. In the trough 10, a screw conveyor 12 for conveying powdery material provided with a screw shaft 11 is formed along the longitudinal direction thereof. The powder separated through the sieve 9 falls on the screw conveyor 12, is conveyed by the screw shaft 11, and is discharged from the end of the screw conveyor 12 to the discharge pipe 13.

At the end 14 of the screw conveyor 7, a chute 15 is provided with its lower end outlet 16 connected to the opening 18 of the compression chamber 17 of the vertical rice husk compactor 3. The transported chaff can be supplied to the compression chamber 17 of the vertical chaff compression device 3 by the chute 15. In this example, the chute 15 is formed to be inclined at an angle of 45 ° or more, particularly 50 ° or more, with respect to the horizontal plane. The angle of the chute 15 with respect to the horizontal plane in this example is approximately 52 °. Also,
In this example, the compression chamber 17 of the vertical rice husk compression device 3 includes:
A screw shaft 19 is provided extending in the vertical direction.
The upper end of the screw shaft 19 is connected to the motor 20 and connected to the drive shaft 22 supported by the upper bearing 21, and the lower end of the screw shaft 19 is supported by the lower bearing 23. It is connected to the support shaft 24. In this example, since the screw shaft 19 has its upper end and lower end rotatably supported by bearings, there is little run-out during rotation.

In this embodiment, the chaff introduced into the compression chamber 17 is compressed by the side wall 25 of the compression chamber 17 and the screw shaft 19. During this compression process of rice hulls,
Water is added and mixed. In this example, water is continuously supplied into the compression chamber 17 from a water supply tank (not shown). In the present embodiment, a water circulation path (not shown) connected to a water supply tank and provided with a pump is formed in the compression chamber 17 in order to continuously supply water under pressure. A water supply pipe 26 connected to the chamber 17 is connected to a water circulation path. In this example, the side wall 25 of the compression chamber 17
Has a surface parallel to the surface of the screw shaft 19,
Rice husk is rotated by the rotation of the tapered portion of the screw shaft 19.
The nozzle moves while being compressed toward the discharge opening 29 of the nozzle 27 and generates heat.

In the present embodiment, the lower end of the compression chamber 17 is a nozzle 27, and the compressed rice husk is discharged between the inner wall surface of the side wall 28 of the nozzle 27 and the axial surface of the screw shaft 19. A compressed rice husk discharge opening 29 having a gap is formed. By adjusting the gap between the side wall portion 28 of the nozzle portion 27 and the screw shaft 19, the crushed particle size and the degree of expansion softening of the expanded and softened rice husk can be adjusted. In this example, the side wall 25 of the compression chamber 17 has a surface parallel to the surface of the screw shaft 19, and the rice hulls are rotated by the rotation of the tapered portion of the screw shaft 19 so that the discharge opening 2
While moving toward 9, it is compressed and generates heat. Since the outside of the compressed rice husk discharge opening 27 is at normal pressure, the compressed rice hull is discharged from the compressed rice husk discharge opening 29, expanded, softened, and crushed. The expanded, softened and crushed rice husk is taken out to the outside by a guide tube 30 connecting the upper end to the nozzle portion 27. In this example, an air supply pipe 31 connected to a compressor (not shown) is provided near the lower end outlet 16 of the chute 15 for chaff supply.

Since the present embodiment is configured as described above,
The chaff supplied to the hopper 4 is conveyed in the screw conveyor 7 by the rotation of the screw shaft 6. The supplied rice hulls contain a powdery substance of 1 mm or less, and such a powdery substance forms a bridge at the entrance of the compression chamber 14 and makes it difficult for the rice hulls to enter the compression chamber 14. In this example, the trough 8 of the screw conveyor 7 is used.
The bottom of is made of a punched metal having a large number of holes having a diameter of 1 mm, and a sieve 9 is formed. While the rice hulls are conveyed through the screw conveyor 7, powdery materials having a particle size of 1 mm or less are separated and removed from the sieve 9. can do. Thus, sieve 9
Fall into a screw conveyor 12 provided with a screw shaft 11 provided on the bottom lower surface of the trough 8 and connected to the trough 10, and is conveyed by the screw shaft 11, It is discharged from the discharge pipe 13.

The chaff from which the powdery material having a particle size of 1 mm or less has been removed is fed from the end 14 of the screw conveyor 7 to the chute 15.
And is introduced into the compression chamber 17 of the rice husk compression apparatus 4. In this example, since the powdery matter is removed from the chaff, by intermittently blowing air from the air supply pipe near the exit of the chute 15 to prevent clogging of the chaff near the chute exit? it can. In this example, the husk introduced into the compression chamber 17 is 800 kg of husk, and 200 liters of water is supplied to the husk.
In the rice husk compression device of this example, the rotation of the screw shaft 19 in the compression chamber 17 is 200 rpm, and the rotation of the screw shaft 19 causes the rice hull and water to be mixed. The rice husk mixed with water is moved along the side wall 25 of the compression chamber 17 by the rotation of the tapered portion of the screw shaft 19, and the rice husk discharge opening 2
The rice husk is compressed while moving toward 9 and generates heat, and the temperature of the rice husk reaches 200 ° C. or more. Rice hulls heated to a temperature of 200 ° C. or higher are connected to the inner surface 28 of the nozzle 27 and the screw shaft 1.
From the rice husk discharge opening 29 in the gap between the surfaces of No. 9, it is discharged into the atmosphere, explosively expanded, softened and pulverized, and turned into a bran-like powder.

The expanded and softened rice hulls absorb about 10 times as much water as the rice hulls before the processing, and have a large bulk density so that they do not become bulky. Disappears, and furthermore, it is treated at a high temperature of 200 ° C. or more, so pathogenic bacteria such as Fusarium fungus of stupid seedling disease,
Pest eggs, weed seeds, and the like have been killed and are almost aseptic, and can be used, for example, as animal feed, compost, and soil preparation. In this example, since the chaff supplied by the chute 15 is supplied substantially uniformly around the screw shaft 19, the rotation speed of the screw shaft 19 can be 200 rpm. This rotation speed is 300 times the rotation speed in the case of the conventional horizontal rice husk compression device.
It is much lower than rpm, and power consumption can be reduced accordingly.

The embodiment shown in FIG. 2 is different from the embodiment shown in FIG. 1 in that the rice husk compressing device 2 is inclined at an angle of about 60 ° from the horizontal plane, and the chute 15 is provided to extend vertically. Other points such as the structure of the rice hull quantitative supply device 2 and the rice husk compression device 4 are the same as those of the embodiment shown in FIG. Also in this example, it is possible to obtain a processed product of rice hulls subjected to the expansion and softening treatment similar to the embodiment of FIG.

FIG. 3 is a partial side cross-sectional view partially cut away and partially showing the cross section of the rice husk compression apparatus 4 centering on the compression chamber 17. The structure around the compression chamber 17 of the rice hull compression device shown in this figure can be applied to the rice husk compression device of the embodiment shown in FIGS. In FIG. 3, the compression chamber 17 has an upper portion formed of a cylindrical casing 32 having an opening 18 for introducing rice hulls into the compression chamber 17 of the rice husk compression device 4, and an intermediate portion having a tapered surface constricted downward. 25
, And the lower part is formed by the nozzle casing 34. 1 and 2
The chute 15 is connected to the compression chamber opening 18 of the cylindrical casing 32 as in the embodiment shown in FIG. An air supply pipe 31 is provided near the lower end outlet 16 of the chute 15, and a water supply pipe 26 is provided with a water supply opening near the connection between the cylindrical casing 32 and the compression section casing 33. It is arranged and provided.

The cylindrical casing 32 is provided with a lower flange 36 with a screw hole 35 formed at the protruding portion at its lower periphery so as to be fixable on the upper surface of the base 3. It is formed in a cylindrical body, and is arranged in contact with the upper surface of the base 3 so that the screw holes 35 are aligned with the screw holes 37 of the base 3. The compression unit casing 33 includes the base 3
In order to be able to be fixed to the lower surface of the upper surface, an upper outer periphery protrudes, a screw hole 38 is formed in the protruding portion, and an upper flange portion 39 having a screw hole is formed.
Align the screw holes 38 with the screw holes 37 of the base 3,
Is disposed in contact with the lower surface of the. The cylindrical casing 32 and the compression casing 33, which are arranged so that the screw holes 37 of the base 3 are aligned with the screw holes of the respective flanges, screw the screws 40 into the screw holes 38, 37, and 35 to form the base. On table 3,
The cylindrical casing 32 and the compression section casing 33 can be fixed.

In this embodiment, a ridge 41 having a relatively small width is formed on the inner surface of the compression section casing 33 so as to extend vertically. Further, the compression portion casing 33 has a lower flange portion 43 having a lower peripheral portion protruding and a screw hole 42 formed in the protruding portion so as to be connectable to the nozzle portion casing 34, and having a screw hole. Is formed. The outer periphery of the upper part of the nozzle portion casing 34 projects to enable connection with the compression portion casing 33,
A screw hole 44 is formed in the protruding portion, and is provided with an upper flange portion 45 having a screw hole. Screw hole 42 of lower flange 43 of compression section casing 33
In addition, the nozzle portion casing 34 is arranged so that the screw hole 44 of the flange portion 45 is aligned with the screw portion 38 of the flange portion 45 of the nozzle portion casing 34 and the compression portion casing 33.
By screwing the screw holes 42 of the lower flange portion 43, the nozzle portion casing 34 can be fixed to the compression portion casing 33.

A screw shaft 19 is inserted into the compression chamber 17. In this embodiment, a support shaft 24 is fitted into the screw shaft 19, and the support shaft 24 is inserted into a lower part of a bearing housing 46. The bearing is supported by 23. Since the upper surface of the bearing housing 46 is in constant contact with the rice hulls that have been compressed and heated, the upper surface of the bearing housing 46 is laid on the upper surface of the bearing housing 46 so that the rice hulls that are compressed and heated do not enter the bearing housing 46. Labyrinth disc 4
7 are provided. The labyrinth disc 47 has a peripheral portion curved downward to form an engagement end 48, which is loosely fitted in a labyrinth groove 49 formed in an upper part of the bearing housing 46. , With the support shaft 24.

In this embodiment, a set ring 50 is provided on the labyrinth disc 47 to support a joint (not shown) between the screw shaft 19 and the support shaft 24. In this example, the chaff containing water is crushed so that the chaff that has been compressed and heated is smoothly discharged from the discharge portion 29 of the nozzle portion 27.
A cutter mounting plate 52 for holding a cutter 51 is provided on the settling 50 in order to scrape off the adhering material of the compressed and heated rice hulls adhering to the inner wall surface 28. In this example, the cutter 51 is provided with a groove-shaped cutter housing 5 in a bulged portion below the screw shaft 19.
3, the screw shaft 19 is provided movably in the axial direction, for example, up and down on the axial surface of the screw shaft 19. In this example, the height of the blade of the cutter 51 is the length of the cutter 51 protruding from the surface of the bulging portion of the screw shaft 19, and the height of the blade is adjusted by moving the screw shaft 19 in the axial direction. For example, by raising and lowering. The vertical movement of the screw shaft 19 is performed by disposing an adjustment washer 54 between the cutter mounting plate 52 and the lower end of the screw shaft 19. The adjustment washer 54 can adjust the position of the screw shaft 19 in the axial direction by changing the type and the number of washers. In this example, the labyrinth disc 4
A scraper 55 is provided on the side wall portion 28 of the nozzle portion 27 so as to protrude inward so that the compressed chaff on the top 7 is discharged from the discharge portion 29. In this example, the support shaft 24 has a screw 56 formed at an end thereof and is inserted through a sleeve 57. The sleeve 57 is fixed to the support shaft 24 by a nut 58 and rotates with the rotation of the support shaft 24. .

Since the present example is configured as described above,
The joint portion of the screw shaft 19 is fixed with a set ring 50, and the adjustment washer 54 is disposed through the screw shaft 19 through which the set ring 50 is inserted and fixed, and the position of the screw shaft 19 is determined. The screw shaft 19 is fixed by fixing the sleeve 56 to the casing 34. When the screw shaft 19 is fixed in this way, the motor (see FIG. 1) is driven to rotate the screw shaft 19, and the fiber-containing material from which the powdery material is separated and removed from the chute 15 into the compression chamber 17. For example, supply rice husks. At the time of supplying the rice husks, air is intermittently blown from the air supply pipe 31 to prevent adhesion of fine dust remaining without being removed from the rice husks.

In the present embodiment, the cylindrical casing uses the rice hulls supplied from the chute 15 to
The water is supplied between the cylindrical casing 32 and the compression unit casing 33 so that the water is supplied to the rice hulls that have been compressed to some extent so that the rice hulls do not float on the water. The fiber-containing material mixed with water is
In the compression section casing 33, the tapered screw shaft 19
And is discharged from the discharge opening 29 of the nozzle casing 34, expanded, crushed and softened.

[0034]

The present invention separates and removes the powdery material contained in the fiber-containing material, and allows the expanded and crushed material containing the fiber from which the finely powdered material has been removed to exceed the angle of repose of the material. While flowing at an angle, it is compressed in the presence of water to generate heat to a temperature above the boiling point of water, and a mixture of water and the material to be expanded and crushed, including compressed fibers having a temperature above the boiling point of water Is discharged into a normal temperature and normal pressure atmosphere to expand and pulverize the fiber-containing material, so that the material to be expanded and softened is reduced in dust content as compared with the conventional method of expanding and pulverizing the fiber-containing material. , And can be processed under a uniform density distribution, so that the flow of the fiber-containing material to be expanded and pulverized becomes smooth, and a uniform flow becomes possible.
Uniform treatment under high temperature and high pressure can be performed, and the expanded and pulverized fiber-containing material in a nearly aseptic state can be manufactured in a working environment with less generated dust.

The present invention also provides a hollow cylinder inclined at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed, and a shaft rotatably inserted into the hollow cylinder. An upper rotating shaft connected to an upper end of the shaft portion and supported by an upper bearing portion; and a lower rotating shaft connected to a lower end portion of the shaft portion and supported by a lower bearing portion. The rotating shaft of the power unit is connected to either the upper rotating shaft or the lower rotating shaft, and the shaft portion is
At its upper end, it has an upper connecting part connected to the upper rotating shaft,
The lower end is provided with a lower connecting portion connected to the lower connecting portion,
Located above the lower connection at a lower portion of the shaft,
The portion provided in the compression portion of the hollow cylindrical body is formed in a tapered shape, and includes a screw shaft portion provided with a helical screw blade on an outer peripheral portion thereof. In comparison with the crushing device, the material to be expanded and softened can be uniformly distributed around the screw shaft, the load on the screw shaft becomes uniform, the current value used becomes stable, There is no lateral run-out, uneven wear of the screw shaft portion and the nozzle portion can be avoided, the expansion of the fiber-containing material and the accident of the crushing device can be reduced, and the life of the device can be prolonged.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a schematic partial side sectional view showing an embodiment of the present invention with a part cut away.

FIG. 2 is a schematic partial side sectional view of an embodiment different from the embodiment of FIG. 1 of the present invention, mainly showing a rice husk compression device, with a part thereof being partially cut away.

FIG. 3 is a schematic partial side cross-sectional view showing an embodiment different from the embodiment shown in FIGS.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rice hull expansion and softening device 2 Rice hull quantitative supply device 3 Base 4 Vertical rice hull compression device 5 Hopper 6, 11 Screw shaft 7, 12 Screw conveyor 8, 10 Trough 9 Sieve 13 Discharge pipe 14 End of screw conveyor 7 15 Chute 16 Lower end outlet of chute 15 17 Compression chamber 18 Opening of compression chamber 17 19 Screw shaft 20 Motor 21 Upper bearing part 22 Drive shaft 23 Lower bearing part 24 Support shaft 25 Side wall of compression chamber 17 26 Water supply pipe 27 Nozzle part 28 Side wall of nozzle 27 29 Compressed rice husk discharge opening 30 Guide pipe 31 Air supply pipe 32 Cylindrical casing 33 Compressor casing 34 Nozzle casing 35, 37, 38, 42 Screw holes 36, 43 Lower flange 39, 45 Upper flange Part 40 screw 41 ridge 46 bearing housing 4 Labyrinth disc 48 engaging end 49 labyrinth grooves 50 set ring 51 cutter 52 cutter mounting plate 53 cutter accommodating portion 54 adjusting washer 55 scraper 56 sleeve 57 nut labyrinth disk 47

Continued on the front page F term (reference) 4D067 CB01 CB07 CC10 CG09 EE01 EE12 EE17 EE31 EE41 EE48 GA11 GA14 GA20 4L055 AA05 BA01 BA08 CA01 CA03 CA05 EA15 EA16 FA22

Claims (6)

[Claims] 1. A method of separating and removing a powdery material contained in a fiber-containing material, and expanding and softening the material including the fiber-containing material from which the finely powdered material has been removed at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the material. While flowing, it is compressed in the presence of water to generate heat to a temperature higher than the boiling point of water, and a mixture of the compressed fiber-containing material having a temperature higher than the boiling point of water and water is placed in a normal temperature and normal pressure atmosphere. A method for expanding and crushing a fiber-containing material, comprising releasing and expanding and crushing the fiber-containing material. 2. The method for expanding and crushing a material containing a fiber-containing material according to claim 1, wherein the powdery material separated and removed from the fiber-containing material has a particle size of 1 mm or less. 3. A power unit, a taper-shaped compression portion on the inner surface of the side wall portion and a nozzle-shaped discharge portion connected to a tip end portion of the taper-shaped compression portion from the upper portion to a lower portion. The upper cylindrical side wall is provided with an opening for supplying a fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed and an opening for water supply, and a hollow inclined at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed. A cylindrical body, a shaft rotatably inserted into the hollow cylindrical body, an upper rotating shaft connected to an upper end of the shaft and supported by an upper bearing, and a lower end of the shaft A lower rotating shaft supported by a lower bearing portion, the rotating shaft of the power unit being connected to one of the upper rotating shaft and the lower rotating shaft, The shaft portion has an upper connecting portion connected to an upper rotating shaft at an upper end thereof, and a lower end thereof. A lower connecting portion connected to the lower connecting portion, and a portion disposed in the compression portion of the hollow cylindrical body, which is located above the lower connecting portion in a lower portion of the shaft portion, is formed in a tapered shape. An expansion and crushing device for a fiber-containing material, wherein a screw shaft portion having a spiral screw blade provided on an outer peripheral portion thereof is formed. 4. A power unit, a compression unit having a tapered compression portion and a nozzle-shaped discharge portion connected to a tip end of the tapered compression portion on an inner surface of a side wall portion from an upper portion to a lower portion. The upper cylindrical side wall is provided with an opening for supplying a fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed and an opening for water supply, and a hollow inclined at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed. A cylindrical body, a shaft rotatably inserted into the hollow cylindrical body, an upper rotating shaft connected to an upper end of the shaft and supported by an upper bearing, and a lower end of the shaft A lower rotating shaft supported by a lower bearing portion, wherein the opening for supplying the fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed has a sieve hole for separating powdery material at the bottom of the casing. Connected to a screw conveyor with
The rotating shaft of the power unit is connected to one of the upper rotating shaft and the lower rotating shaft, and the shaft portion has an upper connecting portion connected to the upper rotating shaft at an upper end thereof, and a lower end thereof. A lower connecting portion connected to the lower connecting portion, and a portion disposed in the compression portion of the hollow cylindrical body, which is located above the lower connecting portion at a lower portion of the shaft portion, is formed in a tapered shape. Forming a screw shaft portion provided with a helical screw blade on the outer peripheral portion thereof, and a substrate portion protruding outward is disposed at a lower end portion of the lower connecting portion connected to the screw shaft portion. At least one portion of the outer peripheral portion of the substrate portion is attached with a scraper for the fiber-containing material that has been compressed and heated, and the scraper for the fiber-containing material is disposed in a nozzle portion of the outer wall portion. Fiber-containing material characterized by having Expansion and grinding equipment. 5. A power unit, and a tapered compression section and a nozzle-shaped discharge section connected to a tip end of the tapered compression section from the upper portion to the lower side on the inner surface of the side wall portion. The upper cylindrical side wall is provided with an opening for supplying a fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed and an opening for water supply, and a hollow inclined at an angle exceeding the angle of repose of the fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed. A cylindrical body, a shaft rotatably inserted into the hollow cylindrical body, an upper rotating shaft connected to an upper end of the shaft and supported by an upper bearing, and a lower end of the shaft A lower rotating shaft supported by a lower bearing portion, wherein the opening for supplying the fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed has a sieve for powdery material separation at the bottom of the casing. Connected to a screw conveyor with holes, and The turning shaft is connected to one of the upper rotating shaft and the lower rotating shaft, and the shaft portion includes an upper connecting portion connected to the upper rotating shaft at an upper end thereof, and a lower connecting portion provided at a lower end thereof. A portion provided in the compression portion of the hollow cylindrical body, which is located above the lower connection portion at a lower portion of the shaft portion, is formed to have a tapered shape, and an outer peripheral portion thereof is provided. Forming a screw shaft portion provided with a helical screw blade, a substrate portion protruding outward is disposed at a lower end portion of the lower connecting portion connected to the screw shaft portion, and an outer peripheral portion of the substrate portion. In at least one of the above, a cutting blade that is radially enlarged from the upper part to the lower end part is attached upward, and the scraper for the compressed and heated fiber-containing material is formed. The scraper of the fiber-containing material, The lower rotating shaft is disposed in the nozzle portion of the outer wall portion, and the lower rotating shaft is fixed by inserting a shaft sealing cover member covering the upper end portion of the lower bearing portion and a sleeve member supporting the shaft sealing covering member, An apparatus for expanding and crushing a fiber-containing material, the apparatus being supported on a lower bearing portion via a sleeve member. 6. An angle exceeding the angle of repose of the fiber-containing material to be expanded and crushed in which the hollow cylinder is provided is perpendicular or 9 °.
The apparatus for expanding and crushing a fiber-containing material according to any one of claims 3 to 5, wherein the angle is 0 ° or less to 50 ° or more.