JP2000225521A - Gear upgrading processing device and tool to be used for the same device - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable efficient production by providing a honing device located adjacently to a shot peening device and performing a honing process for a shot peening processed gear by the shot peening device. SOLUTION: A work unit on which a gear is mounted is delivered from a section A to a section B and from the section B to a section C by a gear transfer device 3 and lastly returns to the section A. In the section B, two shot nozzles la for a shot peening process and a work unit 7 transferred from the section A by the gear transfer device 3 are installed. In the section C, the work unit 7 transferred from the section B by a honing device 2 and the gear transfer device 3 is installed. After the shot peening process is finished, a shield between the section B and the section C is opened and the work unit 7 is delivered to the section C by the gear transfer device 3. After the shield is closed, a honing process is performed for a tooth flank.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a gear, which has been subjected to surface hardening such as carburizing or carbonitriding after shaping using a hob cutter or a pinion cutter, or shaping or rolling to form a tooth profile, or a further gear. Shot peening and honing are continuously performed on gears that have been re-shaped by grinding to improve the tooth root bending fatigue strength, surface pressure strength, and abrasion resistance of the gears, thereby increasing the load capacity. The present invention relates to high-quality gears that efficiently and economically produce gears.

The present invention relates to various gears (for example, spur gears, helical gears, screw gears,
Worm, etc.), and the gear tooth profile can be applied not only to the involute tooth profile but also to any desired tooth profile.

[0003]

2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional series of basic steps for producing a steel gear subjected to a surface hardening treatment such as carburizing and quenching, there are the following three typical production methods. However, here, a step of shot blasting performed for the purpose of removing scale and burrs after the surface hardening treatment and a step of grinding a mounting hole for fixing a gear to a shaft are omitted. Manufacturing method (1) Hobbing → Surface hardening Manufacturing method (2) Hobbing → Shaving or rolling → Surface hardening Manufacturing method (3) Hobbing → Surface hardening → Tooth surface grinding

[0004] The manufacturing method (1) is used for manufacturing a relatively large gear, which has a tooth surface finished only by hobbing and may be grease lubricated. Manufacturing method (2) is used in the manufacture of small and medium sized gears, and such gears are most often used in automotive transmissions and the like. Manufacturing method (3)
It is often used in the manufacture of gears used in transmissions of luxury cars and transmissions of general industrial machines.

[0005]

Recently, after the steps of the above-mentioned manufacturing method (2) and the above-mentioned manufacturing method (3), a shot peening treatment is performed for the purpose of improving the tooth root bending fatigue strength of the gear. In many cases. However, if shot peening is applied to the tooth root to form a sufficient compressive residual stress, the tooth surface for power transmission becomes rough, and surface pressure strength often becomes a problem.

[0006] In this regard, the inventor of the present application has found that if honing is performed after shot peening, the surface pressure strength is remarkably improved, and in view of this finding, the following basic process has been devised. Manufacturing method (4) Hobbing → shaving or rolling → surface hardening → shot peening → honing processing Manufacturing method (5) hobbing → surface hardening → tooth surface grinding → shot peening → honing

However, in the series of steps of the manufacturing method (4) and the manufacturing method (5), the shot peening process and the honing process can be performed alone, but if they are performed, efficient production cannot be performed.

Therefore, the main point of the present invention is to take the steps of the shot peening process and the honing process into the same apparatus, to make them continuous, and to carry out efficient production. Another object of the present invention is to provide a tool used for honing.

[0009]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention provides a gear quality improving processing apparatus which advantageously solves the above-mentioned problems, and a tool used for such a processing apparatus. A shot peening device that performs shot peening on the processed gear, and a honing device that is positioned adjacent to the shot peening device and performs honing on the gear that has been subjected to shot peening by the shot peening device, A gear transfer device that is located adjacent to the shot peening device and the honing device and that supplies the gear that has been subjected to the shot peening process by the shot peening device to the honing device.

In the present invention, the shot peening process and the honing process may be sequentially performed without the gear transfer device.

The tool used in the honing apparatus is characterized in that a screw-shaped tool, a helical gear-shaped tool, or a full-form tool is used, and the tooth surface roughness of the gear is determined under a dry condition or a wet condition. The improvement is achieved by using the screw tool or the forming tool. Since the helical gear-shaped tool is similar to the screw-shaped tool having a large torsion angle, the helical gear-shaped tool is hereinafter included in the screw-shaped tool.
The screw tool or the forming tool is made of a flexible material (for example, nylon or the like) mixed with about 10 to 50% of abrasive grains (for example, alundum), and the screw tool or the forming tool is The portion of the tool for polishing the tooth surface of the gear (the tool polishing surface) may be free of grooves or protrusions, and may be used to improve polishing efficiency or to uniformly polish a complicated tooth surface. A large number of small grooves may be provided, a large number of small wart-shaped projections may be provided, or a collection of a large number of fine threads in a brush shape.

In such a processing apparatus, the gear subjected to the tooth profile formation and the surface hardening treatment is subjected to shot peening to improve the bending fatigue strength at the root of the gear, and then adjacent to the shot peening apparatus. The honing device positioned improves the surface pressure strength of the power transmission tooth surface of the gear.

Therefore, according to the gear quality improving processing device of the present invention, the shot peening process and the honing process can be taken in the same device and can be continuously performed, so that efficient production of high quality gears is possible. Become. Moreover,
Since the shot peening device and the honing device are in the same device, it is easy to isolate from the surrounding work environment, and the inside of the factory can be kept clean by installing minimum dust collecting devices.

[0014]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Embodiments of the present invention will be described below in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1A is a plan view schematically showing a schematic configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 1 (b) is a longitudinal sectional view thereof, and includes a shot peening device (1), a honing device (2), and a gear transfer device (3) of a work table on which gears are mounted. The inside of the processing apparatus is divided into three sections (A, B, C).

In the section A, a work table (8) for detachably fixing a work unit (7) including one or more gears (5) and a jig (6) for detachably supporting the gear (5). And a motor (not shown) for rotating the work table. The work unit to which the gears are attached is sent from the section A to the section B, from the section B to the section C by the gear transfer device, and finally returns to the section A. Section A
Is provided with a cleaning device (not shown).

In the section B, two shot nozzles (1a) for shot peening and a work unit (7) transferred from the section A by a gear transfer device are installed. In addition, the work table on which the work unit is installed has a mechanism that can be moved up and down by the motor (8e) and the feed screw (8c) while rotating by the motor (8a).

In the section C, a work unit transferred from the section B by a honing device and a gear transfer device is installed. In the honing device, a tool (4) for polishing a gear tooth surface and a tool stand (2c) supporting a spindle motor (2a) for driving the tooth surface and a rotary transmission (2b) are sandwiched between a vertical moving stand (2d). Is fixed to the column (2e) with
Such a tool base (2c) can be inclined with respect to the column (2e). The table (2f) on which the column was installed
A mechanism for moving forward and backward is provided for the gear (5). When a forming tool is used, the work table on which the gears are mounted can perform indexing for the number of teeth. On the other hand, when a screw-shaped tool is used, the work table on which the gear is mounted may be freely driven in a co-rotating manner by rotating the tool, or may be rotated in synchronization with the rotation of the spindle motor driving the tool. Is also good.

An openable / closable shield (9) is provided between the section A, the section B, and the section C. In each section, a gear is attached to the work unit or a work table of the work unit with the gear attached. The shield between section A and section B, the shield between section B and section C, and the shield between section C and section A are all simultaneously opened and closed so that the three steps of installation, shot peening, and honing can be performed simultaneously. I do. When the three processes are completed, the three shields are opened, and each work unit is sent to the next step by the gear transfer device.

In such a gear processing apparatus, the shot peening process and the honing process of the gear are continuously performed in a series of steps as described below. (1) First, in section A, one or a plurality of gears on which a tooth profile has been formed and a surface hardening treatment has been automatically or manually attached to a work unit. Alternatively, each work unit to which the gear is attached may be removed from the work table of the gear transfer device and replaced. When attaching a plurality of gears to the work unit jig, align the tooth grooves with high precision. The shield between section A and section B is opened, and the work unit is sent to section B by a gear transfer device. (2) At the time of shot peening, shot ball is section A
The shield is closed so as not to jump into the section C. The gears attached to the work units are subjected to a shot peening process for a predetermined time. The shot nozzle is used for performing shot peening on both tooth surfaces of the gear simultaneously.
And can move up and down, move forward and backward, and move left and right. The work table on which the work unit is installed moves up and down while rotating to uniformly shot the tooth surfaces of all gears. (3) When the shot peening process is completed, the shield between the sections B and C is opened, and the work unit is sent to the section C by the gear transfer device. After the shield is closed, honing of the tooth surface is performed. The column base on which the tool is mounted approaches the gear, the tool comes into contact with the gear, and the honing process is performed while the work base on which the gear is mounted moves up and down. In the case of a forming tool, the work table can be indexed. In the case of a threaded tool, the work table rotates with the tool or in synchronization with the tool rotation. (4) When the honing process is completed, the shield between the sections C and A opens, and the work unit is sent to the section A by the gear transfer device. In the section A, after the shield is closed, air or a cleaning liquid for cleaning the gears is blown by a cleaner (not shown), and a rust inhibitor is sprayed as necessary. Thereafter, the gears or work units are replaced manually or automatically with unprocessed gears.

According to the first embodiment, since the steps of the shot peening process and the honing process can be taken in the same device and made continuous, high quality gears can be efficiently produced. Since the shot peening device and the honing device, which are relatively susceptible to environmental pollution, are integrated, it is easy to isolate from the surrounding environment, and the installation area of the dust collecting device can be reduced.

FIG. 2A is a plan view schematically showing a schematic configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a longitudinal sectional view of the second embodiment. However, the gear transfer device of the first embodiment is not provided.

Section B has a shot peening apparatus 2
There is provided a work table on which a work unit to which two shot nozzles and gears are attached is installed, a motor for rotating the work table, and a mechanism for raising and lowering the work table. The shot nozzle is provided with a safety valve (not shown). The safety valve is opened only when the shot peening process is performed, and the safety valve is closed when the gear is replaced or the honing is performed.

In the section C, a honing device is installed.
A tool table on which a tool for polishing the tooth surface, a spindle motor for driving the tool, and a transmission are installed is fixed to a column, and such a tool table can be tilted with respect to the column and further raised and lowered. Also, the table on which the columns are installed has a mechanism that separates from the gear during the shot peening process and approaches during the honing process.

An openable / closable shield is provided between the section B and the section C, and the shield is closed so that the shot ball does not hit the honing device in the section C during the shot peening process. During the honing process, the safety valve of the shot nozzle is closed and the shield is open.

Although the details of the steps of the second embodiment are omitted, the shot peening process and the honing process of the gear are continuously performed as in the first embodiment. However, in the second embodiment, three steps cannot be performed at the same time, and three steps of replacement for each gear or work unit, shot peening processing, and honing processing are sequentially performed.

FIG. 3 shows an example of a tool provided by the present invention.
FIG. 3A is a front view of the screw tool, and FIG.
It is the side view. FIG. 4A is a front view of the forming tool, and FIG. 4B is a side view thereof. The honing process in the present invention is characterized in that a threaded tool (or a helical gear-shaped tool) or a general tool is used, and the gear is a dry type or a wet type, and the surface of the gear is formed by the screw-type tool or the general shape tool. The roughness is improved, and the screw-shaped tool or the formed tool is a flexible tool mixed with about 10 to 50% of abrasive grains (eg, Al ₂ O ₃ , SiC, CBN, C (carborundum or diamond), etc.). It is characterized by being made of a material (nylon or the like).
The tools provided in the present invention do not include tools made of a hard grindstone using a resinoid binder, a vitrified binder, or the like. In addition, when the abrasive grain is limited to 10 to 50%, the polishing action is extremely slow and the polishing efficiency is deteriorated when the abrasive grain is less than 10%, and when the abrasive grain is more than 50%, the tool has no flexibility and becomes brittle. For that reason.

Regarding the surface involved in the polishing of such a tool, the abrasive grains are used to improve the sharpness by the intermittent polishing effect, or so that the tool surface is easily deformed and the entire complicated tooth surface is evenly polished. It may be in the form of a brush made of bundles of mixed soft material (for example, nylon, etc.), or may have a number of small wart-like projections, or may have a number of small grooves. There may be. FIG. 5A shows an example of a case where a set of brush-like thin threads (4c) is attached to a part of a forming tool for finishing a tooth surface. FIG. 5B shows an example of a case where a lattice-shaped groove (4e) is provided in a portion where the tool finishes the gear tooth surface (tool polishing surface).

In such a processing apparatus, the gear subjected to tooth profile formation and surface hardening treatment is subjected to shot peening to improve the bending fatigue strength at the root of the gear, and then the honing device is used to reduce the tooth surface roughness. Improve.

Although the present invention has been described with reference to the illustrated examples, the present invention is not limited to the above-described examples, and is, for example, an integrated apparatus of a shot peening apparatus and a honing apparatus.
In the first and second embodiments, the table for fixing the shot nozzle and the table for fixing the honing tool may be moved up and down without processing the work table to move the gear tooth surface.
The means for raising and lowering the work table or raising and lowering the tool table may use a feed screw, or may use hydraulic pressure.

Further, in addition to the integration of the shot peening apparatus and the honing apparatus, a gear grinding machine may be integrated. When a plurality of gears are fixed to the work unit with the tooth grooves aligned, there is an advantage that the gears do not have to be sequentially removed from the work unit in the three steps of gear grinding, shot peening, and honing. Further, an industrial robot or the like may be incorporated in order to automate gear processing and processing.

According to the present invention, in addition to a normal external gear, an internal gear,
Bevel gears, hypoid gears and the like can also be applied to quality improvement processing of gears in general, and the quality improvement processing of the present invention includes carburizing, carbonitriding, nitriding, sulfur nitriding, high frequency,
It can also be applied to gears made of various surface hardened materials such as flame quenching, etc.
It may be a hot-treated product.

The action of polishing the tooth surface of the gear quality improving apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the honing treatment, and the lap and the lapping agent (abrasive) having the same shape (screw shape or overall shape) as the honing tool. A wrapping effect using the above may be used.

Further, the gear quality improving treatment device of the present invention can be applied to a treatment device for machine element parts such as a heat-hardened cam, shaft, pin, bolt, and rolling element of a traction drive.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1A is a plan view schematically showing a schematic configuration of a first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 1B is a longitudinal sectional view thereof.

FIG. 2A is a plan view schematically showing a schematic configuration of a second embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2B is a longitudinal sectional view thereof.

FIG. 3A is a front view showing an example of a threaded tool provided by the present invention, in which an upper half is shown in cross section, and FIG. 3B is a side view of a part of the tool.

FIG. 4A is a front view showing an example of a forming tool provided by the present invention, in which an upper half is shown in cross section, and FIG. 4B is a side view showing a part of the tool.

5 (a) is a partially enlarged sectional view of a part for finishing a gear tooth surface of the forming tool of FIG. 4, and FIG. 5 (b) is a partially enlarged view of a tool polishing surface for finishing a gear tooth surface. .

[Explanation of symbols]

 REFERENCE SIGNS LIST 1 shot peening device 2 honing device 3 gear transfer device 4 tool (screw tool or forming tool) 5 gear 6 jig 7 work unit 8 work table 9 shield

Claims (4)

[Claims] 1. A shot peening device (1) for performing a shot peening process on a tooth-formed gear, and a gear positioned adjacent to the shot peening device and having been subjected to the shot peening process by the shot peening device. A honing device (2) for performing a honing process; and a gear transfer for supplying the shot peening device and the gear that has been subjected to the shot peening process by the shot peening device to the honing device, the shot peening device being positioned adjacent to the honing device. And a device (3). 2. A gear quality improving device comprising: the shot peening device (1) and the honing device (2) for sequentially performing shot peening and honing on the gear. 3. The processing apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the tool (4) for performing honing processing is 10 to 50%.
A tool for a high-quality gear processing device, wherein the tool is made of a flexible material mixed with a certain amount of abrasive grains. 4. A high quality gear processing apparatus according to claim 3, wherein a plurality of small irregularities are formed on a surface of said gear for polishing said tooth surface for polishing said tooth surface. Tools.