JP2000220249A - Building element - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase exposed surface area, easily stop seeds or the like, prevent outflow of seeds or the like, and improve the germination efficiency and yield by forming a locking means at least a part of the surface of a building base material which has water-absorbing capability and is formed of a fine-porous sintered body. SOLUTION: A locking means 11 is formed on the surface of a building base material 10 formed of solid plate-like fine-porous sintered body. As sintered raw material of the building base material 11, for example, cited is MURAKAMI clay (produced in Nigata Prefecture), and 50-60 wt.% alumina is added to the clay and prepared to form raw material in which voids will not be eliminated even by high temperature burning. The locking means 11 is formed by scattering many granular bodies 12 on one side surface of the building base material 10 to be stacked with a uniform thickness, and then burnt and integrated. The building element is laid on the concrete floor surface, for example, through a wear supply pad formed of polyvinyl alcohol and seeds of a lawn are scattered on the surface of the locking means 11 to form a lawn.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a building element, and more particularly to a building element which can be used for roofs, rooftops, outer walls, etc., and can contribute to urban greening and heat insulation of buildings.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as a building element capable of contributing to greening of a town, for example, there is a cultivation apparatus described in International Publication WO98 / 14050. That is, it is a cultivation apparatus for directly contacting the root of a cultivated plant with the surface of the microporous fired body and supplying nutrient water required by the cultivated plant.

[0003]

However, the cultivation apparatus according to the conventional example has a substantially smooth surface, so that when it is used in the form of a flat plate on a roof, a roof, a wall surface, or the like, seeds such as turf easily flow out. It is hard to germinate after implantation. In addition, there is a problem that even when the germination occurs upon implantation, it easily peels off and falls due to the weather.

[0004]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, a building element according to the present invention comprises: a building base made of a microporous fired body having a water absorbing property; and at least one of the surfaces of the building base. And locking means formed on the portion.

[0005] The building base material may have a hollow structure composed of through holes. In addition, the building base material may have an engagement protrusion at one end thereof, and may have an engagement groove at another end thereof so as to engage with the engagement protrusion to form a water supply through hole.

[0006] The locking means may be composed of a large number of granules dispersed and integrated on the surface of the building base material, and the granules are made of the same material as the building base material. It may be formed. Further, the locking means may be constituted by a number of notch grooves formed directly on the surface of the building base material. The locking means may be formed on a surface of a substrate exchangeably fixed to a concave portion of the building base material.

Further, the building element may have a structure in which at least one insertion hole is provided on one side of a plate-like hollow building base made of a microporous fired body having a water absorbing ability.

[0008]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings of FIGS. As shown in FIG. 1, the first embodiment includes a building base material 10 made of a solid plate-shaped microporous fired body, and locking means 11 formed on the surface of the building base material 10. .

As the raw material for firing the building base material 10, a raw material that does not burn out the voids even when fired at a high temperature is preferable, and examples thereof include so-called Murakami clay (produced in Niigata Prefecture). Also,
In order to make a microporous body having a desired strength and to easily absorb and release moisture, for example, alumina A
was added l ₂ O ₃ 50-60% by weight, may be fired material. Further, other firing raw materials include, for example, No. 10 soil and No. 2 porcelain (Shiroyama Cerapot Co., Ltd.). In particular, it is preferable to contain, for example, 50 to 60% by weight of petalite in order to be microporous and to easily absorb and release moisture. Further, a powdery inorganic foam may be contained.

The locking means 11 is formed by dispersing a large number of granular materials 12 on one surface of the building base material 10 and depositing them in a uniform thickness, followed by firing and integration. And
If the granular material 12 is a microporous material similar to the building base material 10, the granular body 12 is easily compatible with the building base material 10 and is easily manufactured. In addition, if the base material 10 has substantially the same water absorption ability as the base material 10, there is an advantage that not only the germination rate of the seeds is improved but also the root hair is more likely to grow. In addition, the said granular material 12 does not need to be the same quality as the said building foundation material 10, For example, it may be glassy. Further, the shape of the granular material 12 is not limited to a cylindrical shape, and may be, for example, a spherical shape, an oval shape, or an arbitrary shape.

The method of forming the building substrate 10 can be appropriately selected from existing methods such as, for example, casting, extrusion, and press molding. In particular, extrusion is preferred from the viewpoint of mass production and production costs. Drying after molding can be performed under ordinary conditions and methods.

The method for producing the granular material 12 is not particularly limited. For example, a granular material which is extruded, dried, pulverized, and sieved may be used. The locking means 11 is formed by dispersing these granules on the surface of the building base material 10, depositing them in a substantially uniform thickness, and firing and integrating them.

The firing temperature is between 1000 ° C. and 2000
C., especially around 1200.degree. If the temperature is lower than 1000 ° C., the sulfur component tends to remain, and the desired strength cannot be obtained. If the temperature exceeds 2000 ° C., the desired water permeability cannot be obtained. The firing method can be appropriately selected from existing firing methods. In particular, in the case of oxidizing firing, there is an advantage that a desired void is easily obtained.

The water content after firing is preferably 10% or more. If it is less than 10%, it is difficult to germinate seeds, and the growth after germination is not good.

As a method of using this embodiment, for example,
A method of laying a building element of the present invention on a concrete floor via a water supply pad made of PVA (polyvinyl alcohol) and spraying turf seeds on the surface of the locking means 11 to form a lawn.

The second embodiment is a case where the present invention is applied to a roof tile as shown in FIGS. That is, the engagement protrusion 13 is formed at one end of the upper surface of the building base material 10, and the water supply through hole 14 (see FIG. 3) is engaged with the engagement protrusion 13 at the other end of the lower surface. An engagement groove 15 to be formed is formed. Therefore, the building element of the present application is fixed to a roof base (not shown), and the engaging groove 15 of another building element is engaged with the engaging projection 13 of the building element, whereby the water supply through hole 14 is formed. . Then, turf seeds are scattered on the surface of the locking means 11 to germinate, and the roof is covered with lawn, thereby enabling greening of the city.

In this embodiment, water is supplied to the building substrate 10 by inserting a bundled glass fiber (not shown) into the through hole 14 and utilizing the capillary action between the glass fibers. Method. Further, the raw materials, the firing method, and the like of the building base material 10 and the granular material 12 are substantially the same as those in the first embodiment, and thus the description will be omitted.

According to this embodiment, by engaging the engaging projections 13 and the engaging grooves 15, it is possible to prevent the building elements from being shifted from each other and to form the water supply through-holes 14,
It is convenient.

In the third embodiment, as shown in FIG. 4, a separate locking means 11 is exchangeably fitted and fixed to the upper surface of the building base material 10. That is, the building base material 10
Has an engagement groove 15 formed at one end of the upper surface thereof, and an engagement projection 13 formed at the other end of the lower surface thereof to engage with the engagement groove 15 to form a water supply through hole 14. is there. Therefore, the architectural element of the present application is fixed to a roof base (not shown), and the engaging protrusions 13 of other architectural elements are
Is formed, the water supply through-hole 14 is formed.

The locking means 11 is formed by dispersing and accumulating a large number of granular materials 12 on the upper surface of a separate substrate 16 and integrating them by firing. These are fitted into recesses 17 provided in the building base material 10. If used, it is used fixed. Since the water supply method is almost the same as that of the above-described second embodiment, the description is omitted.

According to this embodiment, turf or the like which is troublesome to grow can be grown in advance on the replaceable separate substrate 16. For this reason, even if the grass etc. of the locking means 11 withers, there is no need to replace the entire building element,
It is economical because you only need to replace Also, a two-tone roof with green stripes can be formed, and a colorfully designed roof can be obtained.

In the fourth embodiment, as shown in FIG. 5, a hollow structure is formed by arranging three pipe through holes 18 in a building base material 10 side by side. According to this embodiment, there is an advantage that a lightweight and highly rigid building element can be obtained.

The through hole 1 formed in the substrate 10
For example, glass fiber (not shown) for water supply (not shown) may be inserted into glass 8, and glass fiber, nonwoven fabric, PVA sponge, or the like for retaining the nourished moisture may be filled. With such a structure, a large amount of nutrient water can be stored in the through-hole 18.
For this reason, there is an advantage that the cultivated plant can be prevented from withering even if the supply of nutrient water for a long time is insufficient. Other configurations are the same as those of the above-described embodiment, and the description is omitted.

In the fifth and sixth embodiments, as shown in FIGS. 6 and 7, a large number of projections are formed by providing a large number of straight or curved notched grooves 19 on the surface of the building base material 10. This is the case where the locking means 11 is used. According to this embodiment, there is no need to spray a separate granular material on the surface of the base material 10 as in the above-described embodiment, and the locking means 11 can be formed using a stamping die or the like. For this reason, there is an advantage that a building element with high productivity can be obtained without labor for manufacturing. The rest is almost the same as the above-described embodiment, and the description is omitted.

In the seventh embodiment, as shown in FIG. 8, a plurality of insertion holes 20 into which plants can be inserted are provided on one side of a plate-shaped hollow building base material 10 having three juxtaposed through holes 18. This is the case where the locking means 11 is used. According to the present embodiment,
Since the plant can be cultivated through the insertion hole 20, there is an advantage that outflow of the plant due to wind and rain can be prevented, and cultivation efficiency is improved. The rest is almost the same as the above-described embodiment, and the description is omitted.

[0026]

Next, an embodiment according to the present invention will be described. (Example) Alumina 60% by weight, Murakami clay (from Niigata Prefecture) 40
Water is appropriately added to the weight% to form a slurry. The slurry is poured into a plaster mold, left for about 1 hour, taken out, and naturally dried to obtain a building base material having a width of 15 cm, a length of 21 cm and a thickness of 7 mm. . After spraying a large number of granules having the same component and a diameter of about 2 mm on the entire surface of the building base material, the temperature was set to 1250.
C. for about 24 hours to obtain a building element, which was used as a sample. The water content of this sample was 23.8%.
This sample was laid on a PVA tape having a width of 45 mm and a length of 220 mm, and water was supplied by utilizing the water absorbing force of the nonwoven fabric due to the capillary action. Then, turf is applied to the surface of the sample.
0.7 g (about 2100 grains) of (wiping love grass) seeds
Was sprayed and the germination status was examined indoors.

Comparative Example A germination state was examined under the same conditions by using a sample of an architectural element obtained by treating in the same manner as in the above example except that a large number of granular materials were not sprayed. The water content of this sample was 15%.

In all samples, germination was confirmed 5 to 7 days after the seeds were sprayed. However, the germination of the example was 90% or more, while that of the comparative example was about one third of that of the example, and there was a clear difference in the germination rate. Furthermore, even when germinated and grown, when each sample was set up vertically, the turf of the comparative example was peeled and dropped, whereas that of the example was firmly rooted without peeling. I was able to confirm that.

In the above-described embodiment, the plate-like building element has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this. Water may be supplied. In addition, while engaging means are formed on three side surfaces of the triangular pyramid, nutrient water may be supplied to the remaining bottom surface. Furthermore, the base material is formed in a hemispherical shape,
The locking means may be formed on the entire surface exposed when placed. The cultivated plant is not limited to the lawn but may be a flower. According to the building element of the present invention, the temperature rise of the building may be suppressed by the heat of vaporization due to the evaporation of the water, and the warming of the city may be suppressed without growing the plants such as turf.

[0030]

As is apparent from the above description, according to the first aspect of the present invention, since the locking means is formed on at least a part of the surface of the building base material, the exposed surface area increases. , Seeds and the like are easily locked. For this reason, the outflow of seeds and the like is reduced, the germination rate is improved, and it is difficult to peel off even after germination, and the yield is improved. In addition, the amount of divergence of water increases due to the increase in the surface area, and the cooling effect in summer is improved. For this reason, if the architectural element according to the present invention is used for, for example, a roof, a rooftop, and an outer wall to grow grass or the like, greening of a city can be promoted. Furthermore, it not only contributes to the mitigation of urban warming, but also enhances the thermal insulation effect of buildings and helps to save energy.

According to the second aspect, not only a lightweight and rigid building element can be obtained, but also the through hole can be used for water supply, which is convenient. According to the third aspect, it is possible to prevent the displacement of the building element and to form the water supply through hole, so that the usability is good.

According to the fourth aspect, by using a large number of granules, a building element having a uniform uneven surface can be obtained. According to the fifth aspect, since the granular material is formed of the same material as the building base material, a building element having a large surface area and excellent water supply capacity can be obtained.

According to the sixth aspect, the locking means can be formed by a large number of cutout grooves, which facilitates manufacturing. According to the seventh aspect, the substrate on which the locking means is formed can be exchangeably fixed to the concave portion of the building base material. For this reason, even when the cultivated plant withers, it is only necessary to replace the substrate, and there is no need to replace the entire building element, so that there is an effect that it is economical.

According to the eighth aspect, the flowers can be grown through the insertion holes provided on one side of the building base material, and the outflow of the flowers due to the wind and rain can be effectively prevented.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a first embodiment according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged perspective view of the second embodiment.

FIG. 4 is a perspective view showing a third embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 5 is a perspective view showing a fourth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 6 is a perspective view showing a fifth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 7 is a perspective view showing a sixth embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 8 is a perspective view showing a seventh embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 ... Construction base material 11 ... Locking means 12 ... Granular body 13 ... Engagement protrusion 14 ... Water supply through hole 15 ... Engagement groove 16 ... Board 17 ... Depression 18 ... Through hole 19 ... Notch groove 20 ... Insertion hole

 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Tatsuya Sawaragi 1912 Dochimaru, Izumisano-shi, Osaka Inside Height Culture Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Takeki Yamashita 880 F-term of 880 Yabecho, Totsuka-ku, Yokohama-shi, Kanagawa Prefecture (reference) 2E108 CV04 GG01 GG06 2E162 CA00 FA14 FD08

Claims (8)

[Claims] 1. A building element comprising: a building base made of a microporous fired body having a water-absorbing ability; and locking means formed on at least a part of the surface of the building base. 2. The building element according to claim 1, wherein the building substrate has a hollow structure including a through hole. 3. The building base material has an engaging projection at one end thereof, and has an engaging groove at the other end thereof which can be engaged with the engaging projection to form a water supply through hole. The building element according to claim 1 or 2, wherein 4. The building element according to claim 1, wherein said locking means is composed of a large number of particles that are sprayed and integrated on the surface of said building base material. . 5. The building element according to claim 1, wherein the granular material is formed of the same material as the building base material. 6. The building element according to claim 1, wherein said locking means comprises a plurality of notches formed directly on the surface of said building base material. 7. The building according to claim 1, wherein said locking means is formed on a surface of a substrate exchangeably fixed to a concave portion of said building base material. element. 8. A building element characterized in that at least one insertion hole is provided on one side of a plate-like hollow building base made of a microporous fired body having a water absorbing ability.