JP2000213775A - Cooling system based on heat accumulation through building body - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To construct a cooling system inexpensively while allowing adaptation to the case of a higher cooling load. SOLUTION: A plurality of ice making machines 21 are connected in parallel to an evaporator 3 of a turbo refrigerating machine 1 through first closed piping 26 and ice heat accumulation tanks 23 for accumulating produced ices are connected respectively to the ice making machines 21. Condensers 22 for cooling are connected respectively to the ice making machines in parallel with the ice heat accumulation tanks 23 through second closed piping 27, and a cooler 11 is connected to the condensers 22 for cooling to supply cool air to a building body or into a room through second refrigerant piping 25. This enables switching between the ice making/heat accumulation operation position, at which brine from the evaporator 3 is supplied to the ice making machines 21 and the condensers 22 for cooling to accomplish both of the making of ice and the accumulation of heat through a building body, and a cooling operation position, at which the driving of the turbo refrigerating machine 1 is stopped and the ice making machines 21 are made to work as a heat exchanger for thawing to supply cold accumulated in the ice heat accumulation tanks 23 to the condensers 22 for cooling to perform a cooling.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a heat storage type cooling system for cooling a body by using inexpensive nighttime electric power at night or the like and cooling the room by radiating heat from the body at daytime or the like. About.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, as such a frame heat storage type cooling system, generally, a cooling device is provided so that cool air can be supplied into a space between a frame and a ceiling plate, and a cooling cycle is constituted in the cooling device. By connecting the outdoor heat exchanger, the compressor, and the expansion valve to the refrigerant via a refrigerant pipe, supplying and storing cold heat to the body by a refrigeration cycle at night, and utilizing the stored cold heat during the day, Daytime power consumption is reduced so that overall power consumption can be reduced. When the cooling load is high and the amount of heat released from the skeleton cannot be sufficient, the above-described refrigeration cycle is driven to compensate for the shortage.

In order to reduce daytime power consumption, an ice maker and an ice storage tank are provided as main heat sources in the basement of a building, etc., and ice is made at night, and the generated ice is stored in an ice storage. It was stored in a tank, and in the daytime, the cold water from the ice heat storage tank was supplied to condensers and the like provided dispersedly on each floor of the building, and provided from the condenser at predetermined locations on each floor in a planar manner. There is also a type in which cooling is supplied by supplying cold heat to a heat exchanger.

[0004]

However, in the case of a conventional example in which a cooling device for a refrigeration cycle having a compressor is provided, the number of compressors must be increased as the area to be cooled is increased. There was also the drawback that the electric work for installing the machine increased and the initial cost increased.

On the other hand, in the case of the conventional example in which an ice maker and an ice heat storage tank are provided as main heat sources, large-scale piping is required to supply cold water from the ice heat storage tank to a large number of condensers, thereby increasing initial costs. In addition, there is a disadvantage that running cost is required due to the power for transporting the cold water during the daytime.

[0006] The present invention has been made in view of such circumstances, and the skeleton heat storage type cooling system according to the first aspect of the present invention can cope with a case where the cooling load is high. And the running cost is reduced so that the system can be constructed. In addition, the frame heat storage type cooling system according to the second aspect of the present invention makes it possible to easily control the cooling capacity. With the goal.

[0007]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a building thermal storage type cooling system, wherein a low-temperature refrigerator for extracting a low-temperature heat medium is supplied with heat from the low-temperature heat medium. A plurality of ice machines that make ice by replacement are connected in parallel via sealed pipes, and each ice machine is connected to an ice storage tank that stores the ice obtained by the ice machine. The heat exchange means for storage heat storage to be supplied and the heat exchange means for cooling supply cool air to the room are connected in parallel with the ice heat storage tank via a closed pipe, and the low temperature heat medium from the low temperature refrigerator is stored in the ice making machine and the heat storage in the body. Ice making and heat storage operating state in which both ice making and heat storage are performed by supplying both to the heat exchange means for cooling, and the cold stored in the ice heat storage tank by operating the ice making machine as a heat exchanger for deicing. Can be switched to the cooling operation state supplied to the exchange means To configure. The heat exchange means for heat storage of the building body and the heat exchange means for cooling may be configured so as to minimize the size of the apparatus (claim 3).

According to a second aspect of the present invention, in order to achieve the above object, the ice making machine of the first aspect of the present invention comprises a low-temperature heat medium. A cylindrical body having ice flowing on the peripheral surface thereof, an ice scraping member rotating around the cylindrical axis of the cylindrical body to scrape off the ice generated on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical body, and the ice scraping member. The take member is provided with driving means for driving and rotating so that the number of rotations can be changed.

[0009]

According to the construction of the heat storage type cooling system according to the first aspect of the present invention, when low-cost nighttime electric power such as nighttime can be used, an ice making / heat storage operation state is set and low-temperature cooling from one low-temperature refrigerator is performed. The heat medium is supplied to both the plurality of ice making machines and the heat exchange means for heat storage of the frame, and ice is generated by the ice machine and the generated ice is stored in the ice heat storage tank. Cooling is supplied to the body to store heat.
When the cooling load is high, the cooling machine is put into a cooling operation state, the ice making machine acts as a heat exchanger for defrosting, and the cold heat stored in the ice heat storage tank is used as the heat exchange means for cooling by using inexpensive nighttime electric power. Cooling is performed by both the cold heat supplied and stored in the frame and the cold heat stored in the ice heat storage tank.

Further, according to the configuration of the cooling system of the present invention, the amount of ice can be adjusted in the ice making / heat storing operation state by changing the number of revolutions of the ice scraping member. On the other hand, in the cooling operation state, the amount of cold heat taken out from the ice heat storage tank can be adjusted.

[0011]

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Next, embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

FIG. 1 is an overall system configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a skeleton thermal storage type cooling system according to the present invention. FIG. 2 is an enlarged configuration diagram of a main part of FIG. , A condenser 2, an evaporator 3, and a compressor 4. The closed cooling tower 7 is connected to the condenser 2 via a hot water pipe 5 and a cooling water pipe 6 provided with a first pump 6 a. It is connected and is configured to take out brine of about −10 ° C. as a low-temperature heat medium from the evaporator 3.

In each of the floors of the building, in the ceiling space between the ceiling 8 and the floor slab 9, cooling devices 11, 11 having only cooling coils 10 dispersed in the horizontal direction, And a cooling / heating device 13 provided with a use coil 12.

As shown in FIG. 2 (only the cooling device 11 is shown in FIG. 2), both the cooling device 11 and the cooling / heating device 13 15 and a frame-side outlet 16 to the surface of the floor slab 9 on the upper side of the casing 14, and further, a blower 17 and cool air or warm air blown by the blower 17 are supplied to the indoor outlet 1.
5 and a damper 18 that switches between a state of sending to the frame side outlet 16 and a state of sending to the frame side outlet 16.

A heating evaporator 19 is connected to the middle of the hot water pipe 5, and the heating evaporator 19 and the heating coil 12 are connected via a first refrigerant pipe 20. The phase changes from a liquid to a gas with the heat exchange in the heating evaporator 19 and from the gas with the heat exchange in the heating coil 12 across the vessel 19, the heating coil 12 and the first refrigerant pipe 20. The first refrigerant that changes into a liquid is configured to circulate and flow in a sealed state,
And, between the heating evaporator 19 and the heating coil 12,
There is provided a head difference sufficient to transfer the first refrigerant, which has changed into a liquid, to the heating evaporator 19, and the first refrigerant is caused to flow by natural circulation, and hot water sent from the centrifugal chiller 1 to the closed cooling tower 7 is provided. It is configured so that heating can be performed by utilizing the above.
As the first refrigerant, for example, harmless Freon gas R22
Or CFC gas R134A is used.

An ice machine 21 is provided in each machine room on each floor.
An ice heat storage unit A including a cooling condenser 22 and an ice heat storage tank 23 is provided. Ice machine 21 and ice thermal storage tank 23
Are connected via an independent pump pipe 24 having a second pump 24a interposed therebetween, and store the ice obtained by the ice making machine 21 in the ice heat storage tank 23 and the ice stored in the ice heat storage tank 23. It is configured so that it can be supplied to the ice making machine 21.

The cooling condenser 22 and the cooling coil 11 are connected via a second refrigerant pipe 25, and the cooling condenser 2
2 and the cooling coil 11 and the second refrigerant pipe 25, the phase changes from gas to liquid with heat exchange in the cooling condenser 22 and liquid to gas with heat exchange in the cooling coil 11. The second refrigerant, which has changed into a liquid, is circulated and flows in a closed state, and the second refrigerant, which has changed into a liquid, is cooled between the cooling condenser 22 and the cooling coil 11. There is provided a head difference sufficient to transfer the second refrigerant to the cooling medium 11 so that cooling can be performed by natural circulation of the second refrigerant. As the second refrigerant, for example, harmless Freon gas R22 or Freon gas R134A is used in the same manner as the first refrigerant.

The first and second refrigerant pipes 20, 25
Although not shown, each is provided with an on-off valve, and is configured to appropriately switch between a case of performing cooling and a case of performing heating.

Each of the icemakers 21 is connected in parallel to the evaporator 3 of the turbo refrigerator 1 via a first sealed pipe 26, and each of the icemakers 21 is connected to a cooling condenser via a second sealed pipe 27. The container 22 is connected. Further, the cooling condenser 22 and the evaporator 3 of the centrifugal chiller 1 are connected through a third hermetic pipe 29 in which a circulation pump 28 is interposed.

Although not shown, each of the ice making machines 21 has a cylindrical body that has a flow space of brine and generates ice on the peripheral surface, and rotates around the cylinder axis of the cylindrical body to generate ice on the peripheral surface of the cylindrical body. An ice scraping member for scraping ice, and an electric motor as driving means for rotating the ice scraping member so that the number of rotations can be changed, and changing the number of rotations of the electric motor. Thus, the amount of ice making and the amount of cold heat taken out of the ice heat storage tank 23 described later can be easily controlled. In the present invention, the ice scraping member may be driven to rotate at a constant rotation speed.

With the above configuration, it is possible to obtain an ice making and heat storage operation state in which both ice making and frame heat storage are performed, and a cooling operation state in which cooling is performed using ice stored in the ice heat storage tank 23. It will be described next.

Ice Making / Heat Storage Operation State In the nighttime power period, the damper 18 is switched so that cold air can be blown out from the body side outlet 16, and the turbo chiller 1, the first pump 6 a, the blower 17,
Ice machine 21, second pump 24a and circulation pump 28
Drive.

Thus, the low-temperature brine taken out of the evaporator 3 is supplied to the ice making machine 21 and the cooling condenser 22, and the ice making machine 21 generates ice, and the generated ice is stored in the ice heat storage tank 23. . And cooling condenser 2
In step 2, the second refrigerant is condensed and liquefied, and flows naturally through the cooling coil 10, and cool air is blown onto the floor slab 9 to store cold heat in the frame.

Cooling operation state (at low load) In this state, the centrifugal chiller 1, the first pump 6a, the ice maker 21, the second pump 24a, and the circulation pump 28 are stopped, and the damper 18 is moved to the room. It is switched so that the air can be blown out from the inner outlet 16. And
When the cooling load is low at the beginning of operation or the like, only the blower 17 is driven, and cool air is blown out into the room using the cold heat stored in the skeleton to perform cooling.

Cooling operation state (at high load) When the cooling load becomes high such as in the daytime, the ice making machine 21
The second pump 24a and the circulation pump 28 are switched to the driving state, and the brine is circulated through the first, second, and third sealed pipes 26, 27, and 29, and the ice making machine 21 acts as a heat exchanger for melting ice. Then, the brine is cooled, the cooled brine is supplied to the cooling condenser 22, the second refrigerant is condensed and liquefied and flows naturally through the cooling coil 10, and the cool air is blown into the room. Perform cooling. At this time, the centrifugal chiller 1 may be driven as necessary to perform a so-called chasing cooling operation.

Hereinafter, specific numerical examples in the ice making / heat storage operation state and the cooling operation state (at high load) will be described.

Ice Making / Heat Storage Operation State When brine having a temperature of −10 ° C. is taken out from the evaporator 3, brine of about −9 ° C. can be supplied to the ice making machine 21, ice is made by the ice making machine 21, and ice containing about −3 ° C. is contained. The liquid can be supplied from the ice making machine 21 to the ice heat storage tank 23. The temperature of the brine passed through the ice making machine 21 becomes about -6C, and the brine at -6C is supplied to the cooling condenser 22, and the temperature inside the cooling condenser 22 is reduced to about -1C.
The temperature of the second refrigerant at the time when the second refrigerant is supplied to the cooling coil 12 can be set to about 1 ° C., and cold air can be blown onto the floor slab 9 to store heat so that the temperature of the skeleton becomes about 6 ° C. The temperature of the brine that has passed through the cooling condenser 22 is about −3 ° C.

Cooling operation state (at high load) When the temperature of the brine circulating through the first, second and third closed pipes 26, 27 and 29 is set to about 4 ° C., the ice making machine 21 Since the temperature of the ice-containing liquid supplied to the cooling condenser 2 is about −2 ° C., the cooling condenser 2 passes through the ice making machine 21.
2, the temperature of the brine supplied to the cooling condenser 22 can be reduced to about 6 ° C.
The temperature of the second refrigerant at the time of supply to
Cooling can be performed by blowing cold air at about 13 ° C into the room. The temperature of the brine passed through the cooling condenser 22 becomes about 4 ° C.

FIG. 3 is a schematic system configuration diagram showing a main part of a second embodiment of a skeleton heat storage type cooling system according to the present invention. The difference from the first embodiment is as follows. That is, the ice maker 30 connects the spiral ice generating pipe 31 through which the brine from the centrifugal chiller 1 flows to the cylindrical ice heat storage tank 3 having a bottom.
2 and is formed in a so-called inner melting tube type in which ice is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the ice forming tube 31.

Each of the ice producing pipes 31 as the ice makers 30 is connected to the evaporator 3 of the turbo refrigerator 1 via the first sealed pipe 33, and the second ice producing pipe 31 is connected to each of the ice producing pipes 31.
The cooling condenser 22 is connected via a closed pipe 34 of
Further, the cooling condenser 22 and the evaporator 3 are connected to the circulation pump 3
5 is connected via a third sealed pipe 36 interposed. Although not shown, a second refrigerant pipe is connected to the cooling condenser 22 in the same manner as in the first embodiment, and the other components are also configured in the same manner as in the first embodiment. I do.

In the above embodiment, the second refrigerant is naturally circulated and flows between the cooling condenser 22 and the cooling coil 10 to store heat in the frame. , 36 may be directly passed through the cooling coil 10, and these components are collectively referred to as heat exchange means for heat storage of the building body.

Further, in the above embodiment, the heat exchange means for heat storage of the frame and the heat exchange means for cooling are configured so that the cooling device 11 and the cooling / heating device 13 can perform heat storage and cooling by switching the damper 18. Although the size of the apparatus is reduced, the present invention is configured such that the heat exchange means for heat storage of the skeleton and the heat exchange means for cooling are each constituted by a dedicated device, and the heat storage and the cooling of the skeleton are respectively performed exclusively. It may be something.

In the above embodiment, the low-temperature heat medium is taken out of the turbo refrigerator 1 having a high coefficient of performance (COP) and a low cost. Various low-temperature refrigerators such as a gas absorption refrigerator and a waste heat absorption refrigerator can be applied.

The low-temperature heat medium is not limited to the brine as in the above embodiment, but may be, for example, harmless Freon gas R22, Freon gas R134A, or an aqueous ammonia solution.

The present invention can be applied to a high-rise building, a large-scale commercial facility such as a dome or a supermarket, or a district cooling and heating system.

[0036]

As described above, according to the building thermal storage type cooling system of the first aspect of the present invention, when an inexpensive nighttime electric power such as at night can be used, the ice making / thermal storage operation state is set to one. By supplying the low-temperature heat medium from the low-temperature refrigerator, the ice is made, the generated ice is stored in the ice storage tank, and the heat is stored in the frame. There is no need for construction, and the initial cost can be reduced. In addition, when a plurality of ice storage tanks are provided, such as on each floor or in a predetermined area, and the cooling load is high, the cooling machine is put into a cooling operation state and a low-temperature heat medium flows through the closed pipe, so that the ice making machine can be used as a heat-exchanging heat exchanger. The cold heat stored in the ice heat storage tank is supplied to the cooling heat exchange means, and cooling is also performed by the cold heat stored in the ice heat storage tank. Compared to the case where a heat storage tank is provided, not only can the ice making machine and the ice heat storage tank be miniaturized by the amount that can be covered by the heat storage of the skeleton, but also the large-scale piping with the heat insulation structure can be significantly reduced, and the power for transferring cold water can be reduced Both initial cost and running cost can be significantly reduced, and the entire system can be constructed at low cost. More specifically, in the conventional case, the distance for transporting the cold water from the ice heat storage tank to the cooling heat exchange means is long, whereas in the invention according to claim 1, each is close to the cooling heat exchange means. Since the ice heat storage tank can be provided at the position, the distance between the ice heat storage tank and the heat exchange means for cooling can be shortened. In addition, since ice is stored in the ice heat storage tank using inexpensive nighttime electric power, much of the conventional daytime cold heat transfer power can be covered by inexpensive nighttime electric power, thereby reducing running costs. In addition, since a plurality of ice machines and ice storage tanks are provided, a large ice storage tank such as an underground pit can be dispensed with, and in addition, an ice machine and ice storage tank of a scale suitable for the load of a plurality of cooling target areas can be provided. It can be installed and the initial cost can be reduced appropriately. Furthermore, the low-temperature refrigerator and the plurality of ice-making machines, the heat exchange means for heat storage of the building body, and the heat exchange means for cooling are connected via a closed pipe to form a closed circuit. There is no need to secure them, the installation location of the low-temperature refrigerator is not restricted, and the degree of freedom in designing the system is increased. In this respect, the system can be constructed at low cost.

Further, according to the cooling system of the present invention, the number of rotations of the ice scraping member is changed, so that the amount of ice during the ice making and heat storage operation can be reduced.
Since the amount of cold heat taken out from the ice storage tank during the cooling operation can be adjusted, the cooling capacity can be easily controlled.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an overall system configuration diagram showing a first embodiment of a skeleton thermal storage type cooling system according to the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged configuration diagram of a main part of FIG. 1;

FIG. 3 is a schematic system configuration diagram showing a main part of a second embodiment of a skeleton thermal storage type cooling system according to the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Turbo refrigerator (low-temperature refrigerator) 10 ... Cooling coil (heat exchange means for heat storage of frame) 21, 30 ... Ice machine 22 ... Condenser for cooling (heat exchange means for heat storage of frame) 23, 32 ... Ice heat storage tank 26, 33: first closed pipe 27, 34: second closed pipe 29, 36: third closed pipe

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page (72) Inventor Yuji Yoshitake 1-2-27 Jomi, Chuo-ku, Osaka City F-term in Sunwell Japan Co., Ltd. (Reference) 3L092 TA12 UA02 UA25 UA33 UA34 VA07 WA15

Claims (3)

[Claims] 1. A plurality of icemakers for making ice by heat exchange with a low-temperature heat medium are connected in parallel via a closed pipe to a low-temperature refrigerator for taking out the low-temperature heat medium, and the icemakers are connected to the respective ice-makers. An ice heat storage tank for storing the ice obtained in step 1 is connected, and each of the ice making machines is provided with a heat exchange means for supplying heat to the body and a heat exchange means for cooling for supplying cool air to the room. An ice making / heat storage operation in which the low temperature heat medium from the low temperature refrigerator is supplied to both the ice making machine and the heat exchange means for heat storage of the frame to perform both ice making and heat storage of the frame. State and a cooling operation state in which the ice making machine acts as a heat-exchanging heat exchanger to supply the cold heat stored in the ice heat storage tank to the cooling heat exchange means. Features a heat storage type cooling system. 2. The ice making machine according to claim 1, further comprising: a cylindrical body provided with a flow space of a low-temperature heat medium and generating ice on a peripheral surface; and the cylindrical body rotating around a cylindrical axis of the cylindrical body. A heat storage type cooling system, comprising: an ice scraping member that scrapes ice generated on a peripheral surface of the body; and a driving unit that drives and rotates the ice scraping member so that the number of rotations can be changed. 3. A skeleton heat storage type cooling system wherein the skeleton heat storage heat exchange means and the cooling heat exchange means according to claim 1 are combined.