JP2000204717A - Roof tile with solar battery - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a roof tile with a solar battery excellent in durability and external appearance quality of structure capable of producing at high productivity without producing a weak structure by a dehydration method by providing the recess part of full depth arranging the solar battery. SOLUTION: A solar battery 2 is provided in the recess part provided on the surface of a tile basic material 1 comprising a hydraulic setting inorganic material, a roof tile with the solar battery of a water upper side and sideward is partially overlapped on the upper end and the side end of the roof tile with the solar battery of a water lower side toward a ridge part from an eaves, and the roof tile with the solar battery is fixed on the substrate of the roof to be roofed successively. The rear face of the tile base material of a part in which a recess part is provided, and the ratio of the thickness of the part in which the recess part is provided and the thickness of the peripheral part continued thereto is in the range of 1/3-3.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

The present invention relates to a roof tile with a solar cell.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art Solar power generation using solar energy is an alternative energy for improving global environmental problems such as global warming caused by harmful exhaust gas and carbon dioxide gas caused by thermal power generation, which is currently the mainstay. Recently, roof tiles with solar cells using roofs of houses as power generation spaces have been developed. Conventionally, as such a roof tile with a solar cell, for example, Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 6-346557
In Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open Publication No. Hei 4-28524 and Japanese Unexamined Utility Model Publication No. 4-28524, a shallow recess is provided on the surface of a flat tile body, and the solar cell is projected from the surface of the flat tile body into the recess and fixed with an adhesive. A tile with a solar cell is disclosed in which output terminals drawn out from both positive and negative terminals of a solar cell are pulled out through the tile body on the back surface near the front hanging portion of the tile body.

However, the roof tiles with solar cells disclosed in JP-A-6-346557 and JP-A-4-28524 are usually formed by press-molding an inorganic material. Without sufficient consideration, defective products such as poor appearance or breakage due to insufficient strength are likely to occur frequently.

That is, the roof tile with a solar cell is preferably provided with a concave portion having a sufficient depth corresponding to the thickness of the solar cell in order to dispose the solar cell. As is clear from the findings of the present inventors of press molding with hydraulic inorganic material, a part where the press pressure of the deep concave bottom is strongly applied, and a part where the press pressure is not sufficiently applied occur, The latter part has a very high risk of insufficient strength, and further causes poor appearance.

Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. Hei 5-243598 discloses that
A panel-shaped solar cell module provided with solar cells is attached to the roof panel main body, and a ventilation layer is formed between the roof panel main body and the solar cell module. A wired roof panel with solar cells is disclosed.

However, since the above-mentioned roof panel with solar cells is used by fixing the solar cell module to a dedicated stand, when installing on the roof, roof materials other than the dedicated stand to which the solar cell module is fixed are provided. There is a problem that the waterproofing process of the seam becomes complicated.

[0007]

DISCLOSURE OF THE INVENTION The present invention has been made in view of the above facts, and has as its object the following:
It has excellent durability and appearance quality because it has a concave part with sufficient depth to dispose solar cells and can be produced with high productivity without causing fragile tissue by dehydration press molding method. To provide a roof tile with a solar cell.

The present inventors have proposed cement, water, reinforcing fibers,
We have conducted extensive research on the press forming of thin molded bodies using hydraulic inorganic materials consisting of inorganic fillers and water-soluble polymer substances, and provided recesses on the surface of thin base materials, such as roof tiles with solar cells. In the press forming of a molded body in which the concave portion occupies most of the base material, the bottom surface of the concave portion that is greatly compressed is sufficiently dehydrated, but the peripheral portion of the concave portion that is thicker than the thickness of these portions. Found that because of insufficient compression, it was sometimes molded and hardened with poor dewatering and partially formed a fragile structure.Furthermore, the thickness of the back surface of the tile base material of roof tiles with solar cells was increased. The inventors have found that the formation of such a fragile tissue can be suppressed by adopting such a structure, and have completed the present invention.

[0009]

According to a first aspect of the present invention, there is provided a roof tile with a solar cell, wherein the solar cell is disposed in a concave portion provided on the surface of a tile base made of a hydraulic inorganic material. Towards the ridge part, the roof tiles with solar cells above and below the water partially overlap the upper edge and side edges of the roof tiles with solar cells below the water, and are fixed to the roof base material and sequentially laid. A roof tile with a solar cell, wherein the back surface of the tile base in the portion where the recess is provided has an increased thickness, and the thickness of the tile base in the portion where the recess is provided is connected to this. It is characterized in that the ratio of the thickness of the tile base material at the peripheral portion is in the range of 1/3 to 3.

A roof tile with a solar cell according to a second aspect of the present invention is the roof tile with a solar cell according to the first aspect of the present invention.
The thickened portion on the back surface of the tile substrate and the peripheral portion connected thereto are connected by an inclined surface.

The roof tile with a solar cell according to the third aspect of the present invention is the roof tile with a solar cell according to the first aspect of the present invention.
The thickened portion on the back surface of the tile base material and the peripheral portion connected thereto are connected by an arc surface.

A roof tile with a solar cell according to a fourth aspect of the present invention is the roof tile with a solar cell according to the first to third aspects of the present invention.
Are provided.

The tile substrate of the roof tile with solar cells of the present invention is formed of a hydraulic inorganic material. The hydraulic inorganic material is not particularly limited as long as it has strength, water resistance, and the like normally required as a roof tile after curing. Examples thereof include cement, water, reinforcing fibers, and inorganic fillers. And a hydraulic inorganic material composed of a water-soluble polymer material and the like.

The cement may be any of natural and artificial materials as long as it is an inorganic powder having hydraulic properties. Special cements such as acid-resistant cement, fire-resistant cement, and water glass cement are exemplified. Among them, Portland cement and alumina cement are preferably used because of their excellent strength and water resistance.

The reinforcing fibers are not particularly restricted but include, for example, synthetic fibers such as vinylon, polyamide, polyester, polypropylene and rayon or recycled fibers, glass fibers, carbon fibers, aramid fibers and pulp. . These may be used alone,
Two or more kinds may be used in combination. The thickness and fiber length of the reinforcing fiber are not particularly limited, but the thickness is 1 to 40.
A denier grade is suitably used, and the fiber length is 1 to
Those having a size of about 15 mm are preferably used.

The inorganic filler is water-insoluble,
It is not particularly limited as long as it does not inhibit the hydraulic property of the cement.For example, silica sand, aggregate for cement mortar such as river sand, fly ash, silica flower, fume, bentonite, mixed cement for blast furnace slag, etc. Aggregate, sepiolite, wollastonite, calcium carbonate, mica and the like can be mentioned. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

If the particle size of the inorganic filler is too small, the dispersibility in the hydraulic inorganic material, especially the reinforcing fiber, cannot be further improved, but the production cost rises remarkably and the economic efficiency is lost. If it is large, it becomes difficult to disperse the inorganic filler in the reinforcing fibers, and the reinforcing fibers aggregate. Therefore, the average particle size is preferably about 0.03 to 500 μm.

As the water-soluble polymer substance, the fluidity of the hydraulic inorganic material is increased by dissolving in water to impart viscosity to the hydraulic inorganic material and enhancing the dispersibility of additives such as reinforcing fibers and inorganic fillers. It is added for the purpose of improving the shapeability and is not particularly limited as long as it has the above function, for example, methylcellulose, hydroxymethylcellulose, hydroxyethylcellulose, carboxymethylcellulose, hydroxypropyl Examples thereof include cellulose ethers such as methyl cellulose, polyvinyl alcohol, and polyacrylic acid. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

If the mixing example of the hydraulic inorganic material is shown, 25-100 parts by weight of water, 0.3-7 parts by weight of reinforcing fiber, 10-200 parts by weight of inorganic filler and water-soluble The polymer material is 0.05 to 3 parts by weight. By sufficiently stirring and mixing these components, it is possible to prepare a slurry which gives favorable fluidity, other physical properties relating to shapeability, and physical properties after curing.

In the above mixing examples, if the amount of water is less than 25 parts by weight, the fluidity of the hydraulic inorganic material slurry is difficult to be sufficiently imparted, and if it exceeds 100 parts by weight, the strength of the molded article after curing is insufficient. It is hard to be given to. More preferably 30
８０80 parts by weight. If the compounding amount of the reinforcing fiber is less than 0.3 parts by weight, the strength of the molded article after curing is difficult to be sufficiently imparted, and if it exceeds 7 parts by weight, the dispersibility of the reinforcing fiber decreases,
It is difficult for the fluidity of the hydraulic inorganic material slurry to be sufficiently imparted. More preferably, it is 0.5 to 5 parts by weight.

If the amount of the inorganic filler is less than 10 parts by weight, the molded article after curing may be warped or cracked due to curing shrinkage of the hydraulic inorganic material. It is difficult to sufficiently impart the strength of the molded body. More preferably, it is 20 to 150 parts by weight, further preferably 30 to 100 parts by weight. If the amount of the water-soluble polymer is less than 0.05 part by weight, it is difficult to sufficiently disperse the reinforcing fibers and the inorganic filler, and if it exceeds 3 parts by weight, the water resistance of the cured molded article decreases. More preferably, 0.1 to 2
Parts by weight, more preferably 0.1 to 1 part by weight.

The means for preparing a tile base material using the above-mentioned hydraulic inorganic material slurry is used in a storage space for a solar cell and ancillary devices, a power transmission cable and ancillary devices, etc. The periphery of the roof has a fixing mechanism to the roof base, a rain-closing mechanism to cover the part, a ventilation mechanism between the roof base, and a lighter and more robust tile base material. Since it has a relatively complicated shape with various irregularities formed on the front and back surfaces, such as a reinforcing rib mechanism on the back surface for imparting properties, it is necessary to produce large quantities efficiently and with high reliability in short cycles. The dewatering press molding method is the most suitable method.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a conventional tile having no concave portion for arranging a solar cell, in the direction of rainwater flow, for comparison. Projection 6 is provided. As can be seen from the drawing, the protrusion 6 has a significantly different thickness from the other portions, but the ratio of the protrusion 6 to the whole is not as large as the left. The problem has arisen. However, if the shape is as complicated as this, the hydraulic conditions such as the pressing pressure and the pressing speed in the dewatering press molding, the amount of water in the hydraulic inorganic material slurry, the amount of the water-soluble polymer material, etc. This was possible by fine adjustment of the blending conditions of the inorganic material.

However, FIG. 1 shows a roof tile with a solar cell according to the present invention disassembled into a solar cell and a tile base material. As shown in the tile base material 1 shown in FIG. Therefore, it is difficult to greatly improve the molded body having a large difference in thickness from the peripheral portion 13 by adjusting the molding conditions and the blending conditions.

In the above dewatering press molding method, first,
The preparation of a hydraulic inorganic material slurry having good flow characteristics is a prerequisite, and the hydraulic inorganic material slurry thus prepared is filled in a dehydration press molding die and dewatered and pressed. Nevertheless, fluidity is restricted by reinforcing fibers added to obtain the required strength as a roof tile, eliminating uneven pressing pressure in the dewatering press mold cavity, and weakening due to insufficient dewatering In order to produce with high productivity without the occurrence of a fine structure, in addition to the approach from inorganic materials described above, from the product design to prevent the formation of fragile parts during the dehydration press molding described in detail below, An approach becomes mandatory.

That is, the roof tile with a solar cell according to the present invention is shown in FIG.
As shown in the cross-sectional view at the same position as in FIG. 4, the thickness (t ₁ ) of the tile base material 1 in the portion 12 where the concave portion 11 is provided and the thickness (t ₁ ) of the tile base material 1 in the peripheral portion 13 connected thereto. The back surface of the tile substrate 1 in the portion 12 where the concave portion 11 is provided is increased so that the thickness ratio (t ₂ / t ₁ ) to the thickness (t ₂ ) is in the range of 1/3 to 3. It was made into the shape. By increasing the thickness of the back surface of the concave portion in this manner, it is possible to apply the pressing pressure in the dehydration press mold cavity almost uniformly.

When the thickness ratio (t ₂ / t ₁ ) is greater than 3, the tile substrate to be dewatered and press-formed has a pressing pressure applied to the tile substrate 1 in the portion 12 where the concave portion 11 is provided. The tile substrate 1 of the peripheral portion 13 is not loaded on the tile substrate 1 of the peripheral portion 13 and all of the pressing pressure is received by the tile substrate 1 of the portion 12 where the concave portion 11 is provided. Molded in a state where it is not sufficiently dehydrated, it will be cured as it is, not only deteriorates the appearance of the obtained molded body,
There is a great possibility that the resulting structure becomes a fragile tissue having a low density, resulting in poor strength. In addition, the thickness ratio (t ₂ / t
_{If 1} ) is smaller than 1/3, the peripheral portion 13 receives all the pressing pressure, and consequently the concave portion 11 may not be sufficiently dehydrated and may be defective.

Particularly, in the above range, the thickness ratio (t ₂ / t)
₁ ) is preferably in the range of 1 / 2.5 to 2.5. By increasing the thickness to fall within this range,
A molded product of good quality can always be produced with high efficiency without using the above-mentioned fine adjustment of molding conditions and compounding conditions. In the design of the tile base material, especially when the height is changed in the thickness direction of the tile base material, the thickness ratio (t ₂ / t)
_The above problem can be addressed by further adjusting ₁ ).

The closer the thickness ratio (t ₂ / t ₁ ) is to 1, the more efficiently a molded article of better quality can be produced. Therefore, unless there is a special limitation, it is preferable to design the change in the thickness direction of the tile base material 1 so that the thickness ratio (t ₂ / t ₁ ) approaches 1 as much as possible.

It is preferable that the thickened portion and its peripheral portion are connected by an inclined surface. FIG. 6 shows an example of connection by such an inclined surface 14. With such a structure in which the connection is made by the inclined surface, the hydraulic inorganic material at the boundary between the portion 12 where the back surface of the tile base material is thickened in the portion where the concave portion is provided and the peripheral portion 13 connected thereto is provided. The change in the cross-sectional area of the mold orthogonal to the direction in which the slurry is moved is moderated, and the plastic flow of the hydraulic inorganic material slurry at the time of dewatering press molding is facilitated. The inclined surface 14 may be formed of a flat surface, may be formed of a curved surface, or may be a combination of the flat surface and the curved surface.

Further, the thickened portion and its peripheral portion may be connected by an arc surface. FIG. 7 shows an example of connection by an arc surface 16. With such a structure connected by the arc surface, the hydraulic inorganic material at the boundary between the portion 12 where the back surface of the tile base material is thickened in the portion where the concave portion is provided and the peripheral portion 13 connected to the portion 12 The change in the cross-sectional area of the mold orthogonal to the direction in which the slurry is moved is moderated, and the plastic flow of the hydraulic inorganic material slurry at the time of dewatering press molding is facilitated. The arc surface 16 may be a convex arc surface as shown on the left side of the drawing, or a concave arc surface as shown on the right side of the drawing, both of which may be a convex arc surface or a concave arc surface. A surface may be used, both a convex arc surface and a concave arc surface may be used as shown in the figure, and an arc surface combining these two arc surfaces may be used.

It is preferable that the thickened portion on the back surface is provided one size larger than the concave portion. In the example of FIG. 8, the section a formed by the thickened portion is made larger than the section b formed by the concave bottom surface 12. The section indicated by c in the figure continues over the entire circumference of the section b with a width of 1 to 30 mm. With such a structure, the boundary between the portion 12 where the back surface of the tile base material is thickened in the portion where the concave portion is provided and the peripheral portion 13 connected to the portion 12 is prevented from becoming thin, and poor dewatering is prevented. .

If the width of the section c is less than 1 mm, the portion 12 in which the concave portion is provided and the back surface of the tile base material is thickened 12
And the cross-sectional area change of the mold orthogonal to the direction of movement of the hydraulic inorganic material slurry at the boundary portion of the peripheral portion 13 connected to the peripheral portion 13 cannot be sufficiently gradual. When the thickness exceeds 30 mm, a thick portion is formed at the boundary between the portion 12 where the back surface of the tile base material is thickened in the portion where the concave portion is provided and the peripheral portion 13 which is continuous with the portion. As in the case of the stacking projections in the tile, the width of the hydraulic inorganic material slurry in the portion is likely to be insufficiently dehydrated. Therefore, the width is preferably 1 to 30 mm.

The roof tile with a solar cell of the present invention is preferably provided with a reinforcing rib having a height of 1 to 20 mm and a width of 1 to 100 mm on the back surface of the tile base material. The reinforcing rib may be provided along the long side of the tile base material, or may be provided only along the short side, or both may be provided to intersect. You may.

If the height of the reinforcing ribs is less than 1 mm, there is no strength enough to prevent temporal deformation of the tile base material after curing.
If the thickness exceeds 20 mm, the thickness of the rib portion becomes significantly larger than the thickness of the peripheral portion, which causes poor dewatering. Further, if the width of the reinforcing rib is less than 1 mm, as in the case of the above height, there is no strength enough to prevent a temporal change after curing of the tile base material. The area of the thick reinforcing rib becomes large, which causes the above-mentioned poor dewatering at the time of producing the tile base material.

A considerable effect can be obtained by providing only one reinforcing rib. By providing these reinforcing ribs in the form of a grid crossing several along the long side and the short side of the tile base material, it is possible to almost prevent deformation of the tile base material over time after curing. However, if too many reinforcing ribs are provided, this may cause poor dewatering during the production of the tile base material described above. Therefore, it is preferable to pay close attention to the laying area and volume as in the case of the reinforcing ribs.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the back surface of a roof tile with a solar cell. The solar battery according to the present invention, which is provided in a crosswise manner, crosses seven along the short side and two along the long side. 1 shows an embodiment of a roof tile with a battery.

The solar cell used in the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, the solar cell is made of a material such as a silicon-based semiconductor, a compound-based semiconductor, etc. Semiconductors. Among these solar cells, crystalline silicon solar cells, in particular, have high reliability, high energy conversion efficiency, etc.
It is suitably used for outdoor applications such as roof tiles with solar cells. The solar cell may be a module in which a large number of elements formed of a crystalline semiconductor, a compound semiconductor, or a stacked structure of these semiconductors and an amorphous semiconductor are integrated on a single substrate. A module composed of one amorphous silicon solar cell element may be used. These solar cells have, for example,
A highly transparent surface protective material such as ordinary or tempered glass or an acrylic resin plate may be laminated.

The solar cell is mounted in a concave portion provided on the surface of the tile substrate, but the mounting means is not particularly limited. For example, the mounting position is shown in FIGS. So that the surface of the tile base material, that is, the peripheral surface of the concave portion and the surface of the solar cell may be mounted so as to be flush,
The peripheral surface of the concave portion and the surface of the solar cell may be mounted with a slightly higher step. From the viewpoint of maintenance management of the solar cell-equipped roof surface including the solar cells, it is preferable that both are flush.

For fixing the solar cell to the tile substrate, for example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, a fixing tool 3 made of resin, metal, etc. For example, there are a method of fixing with a fastener 4 such as a fastener for use, a method of fixing with an adhesive, and the like.

As shown in FIG. 3, the roof tiles with solar cells are laid in the vicinity of the upper edge of the roof tiles with solar cells and one side thereof as shown in FIG. The right side) is fixed to the roof base material such as a base plate,
The roof tiles with solar cells under the water are placed on top of the roof tiles and part of the side edges on the other side (the left side in the figure) to prevent water leakage due to the blowing of rain, and are sequentially laid toward the roof ridge. . The fixing depends on the size of the tile base material.
50-300mm for roof tile with solar cell of 0mm size
It is fixed by nailing at intervals.

In addition, the rain action on the left and right of the roof tile with solar cells is as follows:
The structure is not particularly limited as long as it does not hinder the arrangement of the solar cell 2 on the surface of the tile base material 1.
As shown in FIG. 1, the right edge of the roof tile base material 1 is bent so as to be positioned below by the thickness of the left edge to form a receiving portion, and the roof base material 1 is provided on the receiving portion. Are overlapped to form a covered part and are connected to the left and right. The covered portion is configured to be preferably 1 to 5 mm higher than the surface of the solar cell 2 when laid, and forms a trapezoidal projection.

As described above, the roof tile with a solar cell according to the present invention is obtained by mounting a solar cell in a concave portion provided on the surface of a tile base material made of an inorganic material. Since the thickness of the tile substrate is increased so that the ratio of the thickness of the tile substrate to the thickness of the tile substrate in the other portions is in the range of 1/3 to 3, the bias of the pressing pressure during the dewatering press is increased. , And a tile base material of good quality can always be produced with high efficiency by the dewatering press molding method, and the production cost can be greatly reduced. Furthermore, the roof tile with a solar cell having the above-described structure is a dehydration press molding method, in which a tile substrate made of a homogeneous inorganic material is formed by applying a uniform pressing pressure, so that there is little temporal deformation, The function of the roof tiles with solar cells can be demonstrated.

As described above, the roof tile with a solar cell according to the second aspect of the present invention is the roof tile with a solar cell according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the depressed portion is formed on the back surface of the tile base material by the dehydration press molding method. Since the bottom portion equivalent portion and the concave portion peripheral edge equivalent portion are connected at the concave side surface equivalent portion formed of the inclined surface,
The press pressure during the dewatering press was made uniform within the mold cavity.

As described above, the roof tile with a solar cell according to the third aspect of the present invention is the roof tile with a solar cell according to the first aspect of the present invention, wherein the depressed portion on the back surface of the tile base material is formed by the dehydration press molding method. Since the bottom-equivalent portion and the concave-periphery-corresponding portion are connected at the concave-portion-side equivalent portion formed of an arc surface,
The press pressure during the dewatering press was made uniform within the mold cavity.

As described above, the roof tile with a solar cell according to the fourth aspect of the present invention is the roof tile with a solar cell according to the first to third aspects of the present invention. Since reinforcing ribs having a width of 1 to 100 mm are provided, the area can be increased without causing product defects such as molding distortion, cracking, and cracks, and the production can be performed efficiently and at low cost. Furthermore, even if the tile base material is thin, the mechanical strength is large and the amount of deformation with time can be extremely small, so that the roof tile with a solar cell can be reduced in weight, and productivity in logistics and construction can be improved. Can be increased.

[0047]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to these embodiments.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the roof tile with a solar cell of the present invention. FIG. 1 is a view for explaining the structure of the roof tile with a solar cell of the present invention shown in FIG. Solar cell 2
FIG. In the solar cell 2, an upstanding nail of the metal fixture 3 fixed to the tile base 1 by the screw 4 is bent along the surface of the solar cell 2, and a roof tile with a solar cell is assembled as shown in FIG. Can be FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view for explaining a step of laying a roof tile with a solar cell according to the present invention.
3 shows the roof tile with the solar cell in a state where the solar cell 2 and the tile base material 1 are vertically divided, and the state in which the roof tile with the solar cell is connected to each other with the cable 5 is more clearly shown.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a roof tile conventionally used as a flat roof tile, taken along a cut surface from the upper side to the lower side. The left side of FIG. 4 is the water surface. A stacking ridge 6 is provided along the leading edge near the rear edge on the upper surface and a stacking protrusion 6 is provided at an intermediate point closer to the upper surface on the rear surface. The stacking ridge 6 and the projection 6 are provided. When a flat roof tile is manufactured by the dewatering press molding method, occurrence of a portion where the strength is reduced due to insufficient dehydration is observed in the vicinity of these thick portions, but it is close to an allowable limit as a product.

FIG. 5 shows the structure of a roof tile with a solar cell according to the present invention.
In order to explain one example, a tile base material that is one of the constituent members
Only, taken out of the tile substrate and shown in contrast to FIG.
It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view which goes from the side to the underwater side. In FIG.
The thickness (t) of the tile base material in the portion 12 where the concave portion 11 is provided
₁) And other thicknesses of the tile base material including the periphery of the concave portion 11
(T_Two) And the thickness ratio (t_Two/ T ₁) Is in the range of 1/3 to 3
Indicates that the meat has been increased. This
By limiting to such a thickness ratio, the recess shown in FIG.
Detachment of roof tiles with many convex shapes by dewatering press molding
Prevent biasing of press pressure in mold cavity during water press
I have.

FIG. 6 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of a tile base material which is one of the components of the roof tile with solar cells of the present invention shown in FIG. In FIG. 6, the back surface of the tile substrate 1 in the portion 12 where the concave portion 11 is provided and the peripheral portion 1 connected thereto.
By making the tiles 3 connected by the inclined surfaces 14, the bias of the press pressure in the mold cavity during the dehydration press is prevented by the dehydration press molding method during the production of the tile base material 1. .

FIG. 7 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of a tile base material which is one of the components of the roof tile with solar cells of the present invention shown in FIG. In FIG. 7, the back surface of the tile base material 1 in the portion 12 where the concave portion 11 is provided and the peripheral portion 1 connected thereto.
By forming the tiles 3 to be connected by the arcuate surface 16, the bias of the press pressure in the mold cavity during the dewatering press is prevented by the dewatering press molding method during the production of the tile base material 1. .

FIG. 8 is a longitudinal sectional view showing another example of a tile base material which is one of the components of the roof tile with solar cells of the present invention shown in FIG. In FIG. 8, the section a formed by the thickened portion
Is made larger than the section b formed by the concave bottom surface 12, and the section c is provided with a width of 1 to 30 mm on the entire circumference of b. The bias of the press pressure in the mold cavity is prevented.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing an example of the back surface of the roof tile with solar cells of the present invention shown in FIG. The back surface of the tile base material has a rib reinforcing structure in which seven reinforcing ribs 7 extending from the water upper side to the water lower side, and two reinforcing ribs 8 are arranged so as to intersect at right angles. By arranging the reinforcing ribs on the back surface of the tile base material in this way, even if the tile base material having a relatively complicated shape is thin, the mechanical strength is large and the temporal deformation amount is extremely small. This indicates that the roof tiles with solar cells can be reduced in weight, and that the productivity in logistics and construction can be increased.

[0055]

Examples (Examples 1 to 3, Comparative Example 1) 100 parts by weight of ordinary Portland cement (manufactured by Chichibu Onoda Cement Co.)
1 part by weight of polypropylene fiber (two denier, fiber length 5 mm) as a reinforcing fiber, and 40 parts by weight of fly ash (manufactured by Kanto Kako Co., Ltd., JIS A 6201 equivalent, true specific gravity 2.3, bulk specific gravity 0.6) as an inorganic filler Hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (20 ° C.)
The viscosity of the 2% by weight aqueous solution at 30,000 cps)
An inorganic material having a composition of 0.2 parts by weight and 40 parts by weight of water is rocked and mixed using an omni mixer (manufactured by Chiyoda Giken Kogyo Co., Ltd., capacity: 20 liters) to prepare a hydraulic inorganic material slurry, and a dehydration press is performed. Pressing pressure 60k by molding method
g / cm ² , pressurization time 10 seconds, 60 ° C., 90% RH 1
The tiles were cured by steam curing for 2 hours to form tile substrates having the shapes and dimensions (t ₁ , t ₂ and t ₂ / t ₁ ) shown in Table 1.
In addition, the size of the tile base material is 400 mm × 600 mm, and the depth of the concave portion provided on the surface is 4 mm.

The surface condition of the obtained tile base material was visually observed, and the appearance quality was evaluated. The evaluation was performed according to the following criteria. Each evaluation mark is shown in Table 1. (Appearance quality evaluation standard) ：: The periphery of the concave portion is uniformly dehydrated and hardened similarly to the concave portion, and the appearance is very good. Δ: Dehydration failure is slightly observed at the periphery of the concave portion, but there is no problem in appearance. X: A remarkable dehydration defect is observed at the periphery of the concave portion, and there is a problem in appearance.

[0057]

[Table 1]

As shown in FIG. 2, a solar cell having a tempered glass stretched for surface protection is fixed and mounted in a concave portion provided on the surface of the tile substrate, and a roof with a solar cell shown in FIG. A tile was made.

(Example 4) The tile substrate 1 in the portion 12 having the concave portion 11 and having the tile substrate shape shown in FIG.
A tile substrate is formed in the same manner as in Example 1, except that the back surface and the peripheral portion 13 connected thereto are connected by a 45-degree inclined surface, and a solar cell is mounted in the same manner as in Example 1, A roof tile with batteries was produced. The result of the evaluation of the appearance quality of the tile substrate performed in the same manner as in Example 1 was ○.

(Example 5) A tile substrate 1 having a tile substrate shape shown in FIG.
Except that the back surface and the peripheral portion 13 connected thereto are connected by an arc surface, a tile base material is formed in the same manner as in Example 1, a solar cell is mounted in the same manner as in Example 1, and a roof with a solar cell is mounted. A tile was made. The result of the evaluation of the appearance quality of the tile substrate performed in the same manner as in Example 1 was ○.

(Example 6) The tile base material shown in FIG.
A tile substrate was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the back surface of the tile substrate was thickened so that the section c had the same thickness with a width of mm, and the solar cell was formed in the same manner as in Example 1. Was mounted to produce a roof tile with a solar cell. The result of the evaluation of the appearance quality of the tile substrate performed in the same manner as in Example 1 was ○.

(Example 7) Seven reinforcing ribs each having a height of 6 mm and a width of 20 mm in the shape of the tile base material shown in FIG. Except that two of them are provided at substantially regular intervals at right angles, a tile base material is formed in the same manner as in Example 1, a solar cell is mounted in the same manner as in Example 1, and a roof tile with a solar cell is formed. Produced. The result of the evaluation of the appearance quality of the tile substrate performed in the same manner as in Example 1 was ○.

[0063]

The roof tile with solar cell of the present invention is constructed as described above, so that the pressing pressure during the dewatering press can be made as uniform as possible in the mold cavity. A tile base material of good quality can always be produced with high efficiency by the dehydration press molding method, and the production cost can be greatly reduced. Furthermore, since the roof tile with solar cell having the above-described structure is formed by a dewatering press molding method, a tile base material made of a homogeneous inorganic material is formed by applying a uniform pressing pressure, deformation such as warpage over time also occurs. It is possible to exhibit the function of the roof tile with solar cells in a small amount over a long period of time.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing a solar cell and a tile base material divided into upper and lower parts for explaining a configuration of a roof tile with a solar cell shown in FIG.

FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of a roof tile with a solar cell of the present invention.

FIG. 3 is a partially cutaway perspective view for explaining a step of laying a roof tile with a solar cell according to the present invention.

FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of a section of a conventional flat tile from a water surface to a water surface.

FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of another example of the tile base material, which is one of the constituent members of the roof tile with solar cells of the present invention, taken along a cut surface extending from the upper side to the lower side.

FIG. 6 is a cross-sectional view of another example of a tile base material, which is one of the components of the roof tile with a solar cell of the present invention, taken along a cut surface from the upper side to the lower side.

FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of another example of the tile base material, which is one of the constituent members of the roof tile with a solar cell of the present invention, taken along a cut surface from the upper side to the lower side.

FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of another example of the tile base material, which is one of the constituent members of the roof tile with a solar cell of the present invention, taken along a cut surface from the upper surface to the lower surface.

FIG. 9 is a perspective view showing the back surface of another example of the tile base material which is one of the constituent members of the roof tile with solar cells of the present invention.

[Description of Signs] 1: Tile substrate 11: Concave portion 12: Tile substrate portion provided with concave portion 13: Peripheral portion (tile substrate portion other than portion provided with concave portion) 14: Inclined surface Part corresponding to the concave side surface 15: Side surface corresponding to the concave part 16: Part corresponding to the concave side surface formed of an arc surface 2: Solar cell 3: Fixing tool 4: Fastening tool 5: Cable 6: Stacking ridge and projection 7, 8: Reinforcing rib a: Section (b + c) formed by the thickened portion b: Section formed by the bottom surface of the recess c: Section provided with a width of ₁ to 30 mm around the entire circumference of the section b t ₁ : Tile of the tile base in the section provided with the recess Thickness t ₂ : Thickness of the tile base material other than the portion where the concave portion is provided

Claims (4)

[Claims] A solar cell is provided in a concave portion provided on the surface of a tile base made of a hydraulic inorganic material, and a roof tile with solar cells on the water side and sideways from the eaves toward the ridge. Is partially overlapped with the upper edge and the side edge of the roof tile with the solar cell under the water, fixed to the base material of the roof and sequentially laid, and the roof tile with the concave part is provided. The ratio of the thickness of the tile base material in the portion where the concave portion is provided to the thickness of the tile base material in the peripheral portion connected thereto is set to 1/3 to 3 A roof tile with solar cells, characterized in that it is in a range. 2. A thickened portion on the back surface of the tile base material and a peripheral portion connected to the thickened portion are connected by an inclined surface.
A roof tile with a solar cell as described. 3. The thickened portion on the back surface of the tile base material and the peripheral portion connected thereto are connected by an arc surface.
A roof tile with a solar cell as described. 4. A tile having a height of 1 to 20 mm and a width of 1 to 20
A reinforcing rib having a thickness of 100 mm is provided.
A roof tile with a solar cell as described.