JP2000204515A - Device and method for controlling degree of compaction - Google Patents
Device and method for controlling degree of compactionInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000204515A JP2000204515A JP11008981A JP898199A JP2000204515A JP 2000204515 A JP2000204515 A JP 2000204515A JP 11008981 A JP11008981 A JP 11008981A JP 898199 A JP898199 A JP 898199A JP 2000204515 A JP2000204515 A JP 2000204515A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- deflection
- load wheel
- tire roller
- distance sensor
- distance
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Granted
Links
Abstract
Description
【０００１】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】本発明は道路舗装における品
質管理、特に締固め度の管理のための装置に関する。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an apparatus for quality control in road pavement, and more particularly to a control for compaction degree.
【０００２】[0002]
【従来の技術】従来から路床や粒状路盤では、現場密度
試験や締固め回数管理のほかに、たわみ量の管理が行わ
れており、たわみ量の管理は、一般には、「プルーフロ
ーリング試験」と「ベンケルマンビームによるたわみ試
験」とを組み合わせて締固め度、特にたわみ量の管理が
行われている。「プルーフローリング試験」はタイヤロ
ーラ等を走行させ、路面のたわみを目視により観察する
試験であり、測定そのものは簡単であり、異常箇所の発
見に有効である。「ベンケルマンビームによるたわみ試
験」は、「プルーフローリング試験」により見いだされ
た異常箇所が、品質規格にあうものか否かを判定するた
めに行われるものであり、簡便に客観的データを得るこ
とができる試験方法である。たわみ量の管理は次の手順
で行われている。まず、「プルーフローリング試験」に
より異常箇所を発見し、ついで、異常箇所について適当
な頻度で、「ベンケルマンビームによるたわみ試験」で
たわみ量を測定し、たわみ量が品質の規格値を満たして
いるかの判定を行う。「プルーフローリング試験」では
単輪の荷重が２ｔ以上のタイヤが必要であるが、通常
は、異常箇所の発見に効率のよいタイヤローラが用いら
れている。一方「ベンケルマンビームによるたわみ試
験」は、短軸で複輪の荷重を用いるものであり、規定の
輪荷重が得られるように積荷を調整したダンプトラック
が用いられている。このため、たわみ量管理には２台の
重機、車両が必要となるが、ダンプトラックの積荷の調
整や、タイヤの空気圧の調整が、その都度、必要である
ことや昨今、短軸のダンプトラックが希少となってきた
ことから、管理の合理化が必要となっている。2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, in subgrades and granular subgrades, besides the on-site density test and the number of compactions, the amount of deflection has been controlled. Generally, the amount of deflection is generally referred to as a "proof flooring test". The degree of compaction, in particular, the amount of deflection is managed in combination with the "Bendelman beam deflection test". The "proof flooring test" is a test in which a tire roller or the like is run and the deflection of the road surface is visually observed. The measurement itself is simple, and is effective for finding an abnormal spot. The "Benkelman Beam Deflection Test" is used to determine whether the abnormal spots found by the "Proof Flooring Test" meet the quality standards, and it is necessary to easily obtain objective data. This is a test method that can be used. The control of the amount of deflection is performed in the following procedure. First of all, an abnormal spot is found by a "proof flooring test", and then, at an appropriate frequency, the amount of deflection is measured by a "Benkelman beam deflection test" at an appropriate frequency, and whether the deflection meets a quality standard value is checked. Is determined. In the "proof flooring test", a tire having a single wheel load of 2t or more is required, but usually, an efficient tire roller is used for finding an abnormal portion. On the other hand, the "bending test using a Benkelman beam" uses a double-wheel load with a short axis, and a dump truck in which the load is adjusted so as to obtain a specified wheel load is used. For this reason, two heavy machines and vehicles are required to manage the deflection amount. However, it is necessary to adjust the load of the dump truck and the tire pressure each time. Is becoming scarce, and management needs to be streamlined.
【０００３】[0003]
【発明が解決しようとする課題】本発明の目的は上記し
た従来技術の問題点を解消し、「プルーフローリング試
験」と「ベンケルマンビームによるたわみ量試験」をよ
り効率的に行う手段を提供することにある。本発明によ
り、舗装のたわみ量管理における「プルーフローリング
試験」と「たわみ量試験」とを、一の重機で行うことが
できると共に、たわみ量の測定値の利用範囲を広げるこ
とも可能となる。SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION An object of the present invention is to solve the above-mentioned problems of the prior art and to provide a means for more efficiently performing a "proof flooring test" and a "deflection test using a Benkelman beam". It is in. According to the present invention, the “proof flooring test” and the “deflection amount test” in the pavement deflection amount management can be performed by one heavy machine, and the use range of the measured value of the deflection amount can be expanded.
【０００４】[0004]
【課題を解決するための手段】本発明はタイヤローラの
前輪及び後輪間に上昇下降自在の中間荷重輪を設けると
共に距離測定器と中間荷重輪の押し付け圧力測定器を備
えてなることを特徴とする道路舗装における締固め度の
管理装置を提供するものである。According to the present invention, an intermediate load wheel is provided between the front wheel and the rear wheel of the tire roller so as to be able to move up and down, and a distance measuring device and a pressure measuring device for pressing the intermediate load wheel are provided. And a management device for the degree of compaction in road pavement.
【０００５】[0005]
【発明の実施の形態】本発明のタイヤローラは中間荷重
輪を取付け、転圧作業時やプルーフローリング試験時に
は中間荷重輪が路面と接触しないよう上昇させておき、
たわみ量測定の１の時点で中間荷重輪を下降させて路面
に所定圧で押しつけることができるようになっている。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION The tire roller of the present invention has an intermediate load wheel attached thereto, and is raised so that the intermediate load wheel does not come into contact with the road surface during rolling work or a proof flooring test.
At one point of the deflection measurement, the intermediate load wheel can be lowered and pressed against the road surface with a predetermined pressure.
【０００６】図１は本発明のタイヤローラ１の一例を示
す概略図であり、図２は中間荷重輪部の部分拡大図であ
る。本発明のタイヤローラは前輪２と後輪３間に中間荷
重輪４を有するがこの中間荷重輪としては複輪で回転し
ないものを車体の重心位置よりやや前方で車幅の中心線
上に後輪の取り付け方向と平行に設けることが望まし
い。中間荷重輪の複輪はホイールに保持され、ホイール
はシャフトに保持される。このシャフトはホイールを突
き抜けており、金具を介して中間荷重輪を上昇下降させ
るための１個もしくは２個のアクチュエータ（中間荷重
輪昇降用シリンダ）５に取り付けられる。アクチュエー
タはタイヤローラ本体の重量を支えることができる部材
に取り付けられる。アクチュエータの油圧配管に油圧圧
力計を設置するか、またはアクチュエータとタイヤロー
ラの取り付け部にロードセルを挿入する等の手段を用い
てアクチュエータの支持力の測定が可能な構造とする。
尚ホイール径はシャフト径よりも２〜５ｉｎｃｈ大きく
することが望ましい。ホイールの複輪に挟まれた部分の
シャフト８の下部には、鉛直方向の地面までの距離を計
測するように、レーザー方式もしくは超音波方式の距離
センサー９を設ける。距離センサーは、タイヤローラの
近傍においたトータルステーション等により、その変位
を測定できる方式とする。FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a tire roller 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of an intermediate load wheel portion. The tire roller of the present invention has an intermediate load wheel 4 between the front wheel 2 and the rear wheel 3, but this intermediate load wheel is a double wheel that does not rotate and is located slightly forward of the center of gravity of the vehicle body and on the center line of the vehicle width. Is desirably provided in parallel with the mounting direction. The double wheels of the intermediate load wheel are held by a wheel, and the wheel is held by a shaft. The shaft passes through the wheel and is attached to one or two actuators (intermediate load wheel lifting / lowering cylinders) 5 for raising and lowering the intermediate load wheel via metal fittings. The actuator is attached to a member that can support the weight of the tire roller body. A structure in which the supporting force of the actuator can be measured by using a means such as installing a hydraulic pressure gauge in a hydraulic pipe of the actuator or inserting a load cell into a mounting portion between the actuator and the tire roller.
Note that the wheel diameter is desirably 2 to 5 inches larger than the shaft diameter. A laser-type or ultrasonic-type distance sensor 9 is provided below the shaft 8 at a portion sandwiched between the wheels to measure the distance to the ground in the vertical direction. The distance sensor is of a type that can measure its displacement by a total station or the like near the tire roller.
【０００７】また、本発明のタイヤローラには、エンコ
ーダ、ジャイロおよびコンピュータにより構成される内
部位置検出装置またはＧＰＳや自動追尾式レーザを用い
た外部位置検出装置を設け、それにより、車体外部に取
り付けられた１個もしくは複数のターゲットの３次元座
標位置が明らかとなる位置制御装置と連動させることが
望ましい。中間荷重輪のアクチュエータは機械式でも油
圧式でもよいが、伸縮ストロークは３０〜５０ｃｍ程度
とすることが望ましい。中間荷重輪は車体の中央部に２
輪設置することが望ましいが、転倒を避けるために車体
幅に収まる長さのシャフト幅の端部に、中間荷重輪の直
径よりも１０〜１５ｃｍ小さな車輪（車輪形状である必
要はない）を取り付けることが望ましい。路面との距離
を計測する距離センサーは機械式、超音波式、レーザ式
等があるが、精度上からはレーザ方式が望ましい。いず
れも、測定面とセンサーの距離が離れないことが精度上
望ましい。タイヤローラに搭載するコンピュータ６は追
尾式トータルステーションの座標情報と距離センサーの
距離情報からたわみ量を計測できるソフトウェアーが稼
働可能なものであることを要する。また、たわみ量は複
数個が保存可能である補助記憶装置を制御できるもので
ある。追尾式トータルステーションは測定地点から、タ
イヤローラの振動等による影響が出ない程度に遠方に、
距離測定の誤差が０．５ｍｍ以下となる程度に近傍に設
置することが望ましい。通常は２〜６０ｍ程度が望まし
い。Further, the tire roller of the present invention is provided with an internal position detecting device composed of an encoder, a gyro and a computer or an external position detecting device using a GPS or an automatic tracking type laser, whereby the tire roller is mounted outside the vehicle body. It is desirable to link with a position control device that clarifies the three-dimensional coordinate positions of one or a plurality of targets. The actuator of the intermediate load wheel may be of a mechanical type or a hydraulic type, but it is desirable that the expansion / contraction stroke is about 30 to 50 cm. The middle load wheel is located at the center of the vehicle.
It is desirable to install wheels, but in order to avoid overturning, attach a wheel (not necessarily a wheel shape) 10 to 15 cm smaller than the diameter of the intermediate load wheel to the end of the shaft width that fits in the vehicle width It is desirable. The distance sensor that measures the distance to the road surface includes a mechanical sensor, an ultrasonic sensor, a laser sensor, and the like, and a laser sensor is preferable from the viewpoint of accuracy. In any case, it is desirable in terms of accuracy that the distance between the measurement surface and the sensor is not large. The computer mounted on the tire roller must be capable of operating software capable of measuring the amount of deflection from the coordinate information of the tracking type total station and the distance information of the distance sensor. Further, the deflection amount can control an auxiliary storage device that can store a plurality of deflection amounts. The tracking total station is located at a distance from the measurement point to such an extent that it is not affected by tire roller vibration, etc.
It is desirable to install the sensor in the vicinity so that an error in distance measurement is 0.5 mm or less. Usually, about 2 to 60 m is desirable.
【０００８】本発明のタイヤローラを使用することによ
り「ベンケルマンビームによるたわみ試験」に相当する
タワミ量の数値化が可能となる。測定方法を以下に説明
する。前記したよう、タイヤローラは転圧作業時や、プ
ルーフローリング試験時には中間荷重輪が路面と接触す
ることがないよう、アクチュエータを縮めて中間荷重輪
をタイヤローラ内に格納しておく。たわみ量を測定する
際には、測定位置にタイヤローラを停止させる。ここ
で、中間荷重輪を格納した状態または中間荷重輪を地面
に接しない程度まで降ろして静止した状態で、距離セン
サーから測定路面までの距離を測定する。同時に、タイ
ヤローラの側面で、タイヤローラその他の作業車両によ
るたわみの影響がない位置に、トータルステーションを
セットし、距離センサーの座標を読み取る。By using the tire roller of the present invention, it is possible to quantify the amount of deflection corresponding to the "deflection test using a Benkelman beam". The measuring method will be described below. As described above, the actuator is contracted and the intermediate load wheel is stored in the tire roller so that the intermediate load wheel does not come into contact with the road surface during the rolling work or the proof flooring test. When measuring the amount of deflection, the tire roller is stopped at the measurement position. Here, the distance from the distance sensor to the measurement road surface is measured in a state where the intermediate load wheel is stored or in a state where the intermediate load wheel is lowered so as not to be in contact with the ground and stopped. At the same time, the total station is set on the side of the tire roller at a position where the deflection of the tire roller and other work vehicles is not affected, and the coordinates of the distance sensor are read.
【０００９】距離センサーの座標を直接に読む方法とし
ては、次のような方法がある。即ち、中間荷重輪のホイ
ールのシャフト接合部下部に距離センサーの筐体を直視
できる覗き窓７を設け、この覗き窓に面した筐体面にト
ータルステーション用のターゲットを取り付ける。この
場合トータルステーションは、タイヤローラの横方向に
セットすることになる。この方法ではトータルステーシ
ョンが設置可能な範囲は狭いが、トータルステーション
を台車に搭載し、台車をタイヤローラに連結すれば設置
手間が低減される。ただし、たわみ量測定時はこの連結
が解除され、移動時は連結が有効となる機構が必要であ
る。また、台車にアクチュエータ３基と傾斜センサーを
２基取り付け、測定前にトータルステーションを載せる
台を概略水平とする機構も可能である。この場合のトー
タルステーションは、鉛直角度、水平角度を自動補正す
る性能を持つものが望ましい。As a method of directly reading the coordinates of the distance sensor, there is the following method. That is, a viewing window 7 for directly viewing the housing of the distance sensor is provided below the shaft joint of the wheel of the intermediate load wheel, and a target for the total station is attached to the housing surface facing the viewing window. In this case, the total station is set in the lateral direction of the tire roller. In this method, the range in which the total station can be installed is narrow, but if the total station is mounted on a trolley and the trolley is connected to tire rollers, the installation time can be reduced. However, a mechanism is required to release the connection when measuring the amount of deflection and to enable the connection when moving. Further, a mechanism in which three actuators and two tilt sensors are attached to the carriage and the platform on which the total station is mounted before measurement is made substantially horizontal is also possible. In this case, it is desirable that the total station has a function of automatically correcting the vertical angle and the horizontal angle.
【００１０】また、間接的に距離センサーの座標を得る
方法としては次のような方法がある。即ち、タイヤロー
ラにトータルステーションのターゲットを３基取り付
け、また中間荷重輪を伸縮するアクチュエータのストロ
ークを測定できるようにする。アクチュエータとターゲ
ットの関係は事前に決めることができるので、距離セン
サーの座標を決定できる。ターゲット１基と傾斜センサ
ーの組み合わせでも、間接的に距離センサーの座標を得
ることができる。ただし、タイヤローラの方向を決定す
るのには、移動してターゲット測量を行う必要があると
共に、傾斜センサーでは誤差が大きくなる傾向がある。Further, as a method of indirectly obtaining the coordinates of the distance sensor, there is the following method. That is, three targets of the total station are attached to the tire roller, and the stroke of the actuator that expands and contracts the intermediate load wheel can be measured. Since the relationship between the actuator and the target can be determined in advance, the coordinates of the distance sensor can be determined. Even with the combination of one target and the tilt sensor, the coordinates of the distance sensor can be obtained indirectly. However, in order to determine the direction of the tire roller, it is necessary to move and perform the target survey, and the inclination sensor tends to increase the error.
【００１１】このようにして距離センサーの座標を得た
後、中間荷重輪を下降して中間荷重輪を路面に押し付
け、アクチュエータの荷重計が所定の圧力、たとえば５
ｔを示したらアクチュエータの伸長を停止し、この時点
で、距離センサーの値と、距離センサーの座標を測定す
る。測定が完了したら、アクチュエータを縮めてタイヤ
ローラ内に格納する。アクチュエータの動きを停止した
時点で、再度距離センサーの値と距離センサーの座標を
測定する。トータルステーションが直接距離センサーの
位置を測定する場合は、その後の台車を移動可能な状態
に戻す。以上で１か所のたわみ量測定が完了するが、た
わみ量の演算と記録にはタイヤローラに搭載したコンピ
ュータを使用するのが望ましい。この場合距離センサー
と距離センサーの座標の測定値は、無線もしくは有線に
てタイヤローラに搭載した受信機（コンピュータ）に送
信し演算する。After obtaining the coordinates of the distance sensor in this manner, the intermediate load wheel is lowered and the intermediate load wheel is pressed against the road surface.
When t is indicated, the extension of the actuator is stopped, and at this time, the value of the distance sensor and the coordinates of the distance sensor are measured. When the measurement is completed, the actuator is retracted and stored in the tire roller. When the movement of the actuator is stopped, the value of the distance sensor and the coordinates of the distance sensor are measured again. When the total station directly measures the position of the distance sensor, the subsequent carriage is returned to a movable state. Thus, the measurement of the deflection amount at one place is completed, but it is desirable to use a computer mounted on the tire roller for calculating and recording the deflection amount. In this case, the distance sensor and the measured value of the coordinates of the distance sensor are wirelessly or wiredly transmitted to a receiver (computer) mounted on the tire roller and calculated.
【００１２】図３にたわみ量ｄを説明する概略図を示
す。図中点線は中間荷重輪が路面と接触していない状態
を示し、実線は中間荷重輪の荷重載荷時の状態を示す。 ｄ＝Ｈ1 −ｈ1 −（Ｈ2 −ｈ2 ）＝（Ｈ1 −Ｈ2 ）−
（ｈ1 −ｈ2 ） たわみ量＝（最初の距離センサーの鉛直座標−２回目の
距離センサーの鉛直座標）−（最初の距離−２回目の距
離） 残留たわみ量＝（最初の距離センサーの鉛直座標−３回
目の距離センサーの鉛直座標）−（最初の距離−３回目
の距離） 上記操作に続いて、タイヤローラを次の測定地点に移動
して、測定を続ける。FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram for explaining the amount of deflection d. In the figure, a dotted line indicates a state where the intermediate load wheel is not in contact with the road surface, and a solid line indicates a state when the intermediate load wheel is loaded. d = H 1 −h 1 − (H 2 −h 2 ) = (H 1 −H 2 ) −
(H 1 −h 2 ) Deflection amount = (vertical coordinate of first distance sensor−vertical coordinate of second distance sensor) − (first distance−second distance) Residual deflection amount = (vertical of first distance sensor) Coordinates-vertical coordinates of distance sensor for third time)-(first distance-third distance) Following the above operation, the tire roller is moved to the next measurement point, and measurement is continued.
【００１３】尚本発明のタイヤローラを用いてたわみ量
を測定する際には、転圧不足のたわみを除外するため
に、通常のプルーフローリングで行われているように、
測定前に測定位置付近をタイヤローラで２〜３回走行す
ることが望ましい。上記に説明したタイヤローラにおい
て中間荷重輪として１０．００×２０−１４ＰＲを使用
し、空気圧を５．５〜６．５ｋｇ／ｃｍ2 として、アク
チュエータの伸長により中間荷重輪に５ｔの荷重をかけ
てたわみ量の測定を行った場合全体精度はほぼ０．９ｍ
ｍであった。When measuring the amount of deflection using the tire roller of the present invention, in order to eliminate the deflection of insufficient rolling pressure, as is performed in ordinary pull flooring,
It is desirable to travel around the measurement position two or three times with a tire roller before measurement. In the tire roller described above, 10.00 × 20-14PR is used as an intermediate load wheel, the air pressure is set to 5.5 to 6.5 kg / cm 2 , and a load of 5 t is applied to the intermediate load wheel by extension of the actuator. When measuring the amount of deflection, the overall accuracy is almost 0.9 m
m.
【００１４】本発明のタイヤローラを使用することによ
り、プルーフローリングの本来の目的である追加転圧お
よび目視による異常箇所の発見と、良否判断のためのベ
ンケルマンビームによるたわみ試験に相当するたわみ量
の測定を、タイヤローラ１台で行うことができるため、
舗装構築時における品質管理の省力化が図れる。またた
わみ量の測定値は平面位置データのマップ状の記録が可
能であり、管理データの利用が容易となるという利点も
有する。By using the tire roller of the present invention, a deflection amount corresponding to a bending test using a Benkelman beam for finding an abnormal location by visual inspection and additional rolling pressure, which is the original purpose of the proof flooring. Can be measured with one tire roller,
Labor saving in quality control during pavement construction can be achieved. Further, the measured value of the deflection amount can be recorded in a map form of the plane position data, and has an advantage that management data can be easily used.
【図１】本発明のタイヤローラの一例を示す概略図。FIG. 1 is a schematic view showing an example of a tire roller of the present invention.
【図２】中間荷重輪部の部分拡大図。FIG. 2 is a partially enlarged view of an intermediate load wheel portion.
【図３】本発明のタイヤローラを用いるたわみ量測定時
の概略説明図。FIG. 3 is a schematic explanatory view at the time of measuring a deflection amount using the tire roller of the present invention.
１ タイヤローラ ２ 前輪 ３ 後輪 ４ 中間荷重輪 ５ 中間荷重輪昇降用シリンダ ６ コンピュータ ７ 覗き窓 ８ シャフト ９ 距離センサー DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Tire roller 2 Front wheel 3 Rear wheel 4 Intermediate load wheel 5 Intermediate load wheel lifting cylinder 6 Computer 7 Viewing window 8 Shaft 9 Distance sensor
───────────────────────────────────────────────────── フロントページの続き (72)発明者 服部 利周 愛知県名古屋市東区大幸南１−１−15 建 設省中部地方建設局 中部技術事業所内 (72)発明者 幸田 正裕 東京都中央区京橋一丁目19番11号 日本鋪 道株式会社内 (72)発明者 山辺 生雅 東京都中央区京橋一丁目19番11号 日本鋪 道株式会社内 Ｆターム(参考） 2D053 AA35 AD01 FA01 ──────────────────────────────────────────────────続 き Continuing on the front page (72) Inventor Toshiri Hattori 1-1-15 Daikominami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya-shi, Aichi Pref. 1-19-11 Nihon Hodou Co., Ltd. (72) Inventor Ima Masabe 1-19-11 Kyobashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo Nihon Hodo Co., Ltd. F-term (reference) 2D053 AA35 AD01 FA01
Claims (1)
降自在の中間荷重輪を設けると共に距離測定器と中間荷
重輪の押つけ圧力測定器を備えてなることを特徴とする
道路舗装における締固め度の管理装置。An intermediate load wheel is provided between a front wheel and a rear wheel of a tire roller so as to be able to move up and down, and a distance measuring device and a pressing pressure measuring device for the intermediate load wheel are provided. Hardness management device.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP00898199A JP3331427B2 (en) | 1999-01-18 | 1999-01-18 | Apparatus and method for managing compaction degree |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP00898199A JP3331427B2 (en) | 1999-01-18 | 1999-01-18 | Apparatus and method for managing compaction degree |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| JP2000204515A true JP2000204515A (en) | 2000-07-25 |
| JP3331427B2 JP3331427B2 (en) | 2002-10-07 |
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ID=11707879
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| JP00898199A Expired - Fee Related JP3331427B2 (en) | 1999-01-18 | 1999-01-18 | Apparatus and method for managing compaction degree |
Country Status (1)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| JP (1) | JP3331427B2 (en) |
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