JP2000201530A - Culture medium - Google Patents
Culture mediumInfo
- Publication number
- JP2000201530A JP2000201530A JP11004446A JP444699A JP2000201530A JP 2000201530 A JP2000201530 A JP 2000201530A JP 11004446 A JP11004446 A JP 11004446A JP 444699 A JP444699 A JP 444699A JP 2000201530 A JP2000201530 A JP 2000201530A
- Authority
- JP
- Japan
- Prior art keywords
- medium
- compression
- vermiculite
- seedling
- molding
- Prior art date
- Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
- Pending
Links
Landscapes
- Cultivation Of Plants (AREA)
- Cultivation Receptacles Or Flower-Pots, Or Pots For Seedlings (AREA)
Abstract
Description
【0001】[0001]
【発明の属する技術分野】この発明は、野菜や水稲や花
卉等の播種・育苗の際に、多数の育苗ポットを連設した
育苗トレイや箱状の育苗容器に装填される培地に関す
る。BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to a medium to be loaded into a seedling tray or a box-shaped seedling container having a large number of seedling pots connected thereto when sowing and raising seedlings of vegetables, paddy rice, flowers and the like.
【0002】[0002]
【従来技術と発明が解決しようとする課題】この種の従
来例としては、育苗トレイにピートモス等を圧縮成形し
た人口培地を装填した後に灌水して復元し、野菜や水稲
や花卉等を播種・育苗するものがある。併し乍ら、ピー
トモスは乾燥状態では、撥水性があり灌水しても吸水性
が悪くて、復元するのに非常に長い時間を要し、また、
復元能力も低くて、適切な形状の復元が行なえず、非常
に作業性が悪いものであった。2. Description of the Related Art As a conventional example of this type, a seedling tray is loaded with an artificial medium obtained by compression-molding peat moss or the like, and then irrigated and restored, sowing vegetables, rice, flowers and the like. There is something to raise seedlings. However, peat moss is water-repellent in the dry state and has poor water absorption even when irrigated, and it takes a very long time to restore it.
The restoration ability was also low, and the restoration of an appropriate shape could not be performed, and the workability was extremely poor.
【0003】[0003]
【課題を解決するための手段】従来の課題を解決するた
めに、請求項1記載の発明は、植物繊維とバーミキュラ
イトを混合して圧縮成形した培地としたものであり、請
求項2記載の発明は、植物繊維とバーミキュライトと界
面活性剤を混合して圧縮成形した培地としたものであ
り、請求項3記載の発明は、植物繊維とバーミキュライ
トを混合して、該混合後の粒径が1mm以下のものを圧
縮成形した培地としたものであり、請求項4記載の発明
は、植物繊維とバーミキュライトと界面活性剤を混合し
て、該混合後の粒径が1mm以下のものを圧縮成形した
培地としたものであり、請求項5記載の発明は、植物繊
維とバーミキュライトを混合して、粒径を1mm以下に
粉砕した後に圧縮成形した培地としたものであり、請求
項6記載の発明は、植物繊維とバーミキュライトと界面
活性剤を混合して、粒径を1mm以下に粉砕した後に圧
縮成形した培地としたものであり、請求項7記載の発明
は、粒径が5mm以下の植物繊維を用いた請求項1乃至
6記載の培地としたものであり、請求項8記載の発明
は、粒径が1mm以下のバーミキュライトを用いた請求
項1乃至7記載の培地としたものであり、請求項9記載
の発明は、植物繊維がピートモスである請求項1乃至8
記載の培地としたものであり、請求項10記載の発明
は、請求項1乃至9記載の培地を、錠剤状、円柱状、球
状、又は平板状に圧縮成形したことを特徴とする培地と
したものである。In order to solve the conventional problems, the invention according to claim 1 is a medium in which plant fiber and vermiculite are mixed to form a compression-molded medium, and the invention according to claim 2 is provided. Is a medium formed by compression molding by mixing a vegetable fiber, vermiculite and a surfactant. The invention according to claim 3, wherein the vegetable fiber and vermiculite are mixed, and the particle size after the mixing is 1 mm or less. The medium according to claim 4, wherein the medium is obtained by mixing vegetable fibers, vermiculite, and a surfactant to form a medium having a particle size of 1 mm or less. The invention according to claim 5 is a medium obtained by mixing a plant fiber and vermiculite, pulverizing the particle size to 1 mm or less, and then compressing and forming the culture medium. The medium according to claim 7, wherein the plant fiber having a particle size of 5 mm or less is obtained by mixing the artificial fiber, vermiculite and a surfactant, pulverizing the particle size to 1 mm or less, and then compressing and forming the medium. The medium according to claims 1 to 6, wherein the invention according to claim 8 is the medium according to claims 1 to 7, wherein vermiculite having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less is used. In the invention described in the above, the plant fiber is peat moss.
According to a tenth aspect of the present invention, there is provided the medium according to any one of the first to ninth aspects, wherein the medium according to any one of the first to ninth aspects is compression-molded into a tablet, a column, a sphere, or a flat plate. Things.
【0004】[0004]
【発明の作用効果】請求項1及び2記載の発明は、植物
繊維とバーミキュライトを混合して圧縮成形した培地又
は植物繊維とバーミキュライトと界面活性剤を混合して
圧縮成形した培地としたものであるから、植物繊維とバ
ーミキュライトは共に軽量で、然も、バーミキュライト
の優れた吸水性と保水性の良い植物繊維の特性を活かし
たままで、吸水性が良い復元性能の優れた培地を得るこ
とができる。従って、この培地は、使用時に水を加える
ことにより直ちに所望の形状に復元するので播種作業が
効率良く行なえ、また、軽量で保水性が良いので育苗作
業が容易である。According to the first and second aspects of the present invention, there is provided a medium formed by compressing a plant fiber and vermiculite, or a medium formed by mixing a plant fiber, vermiculite and a surfactant. Therefore, both the plant fiber and the vermiculite are lightweight, and it is possible to obtain a medium having good water absorption and excellent restoring performance while utilizing the properties of the plant fiber having excellent water absorbency and good water retention of vermiculite. Therefore, this medium is immediately restored to a desired shape by adding water at the time of use, so that the seeding operation can be performed efficiently, and the seedling raising operation is easy because of its light weight and good water retention.
【0005】更に、軽量で容積の小さい乾燥状態で保存
及び輸送を行なうことができ、非常に産業上優れてい
る。請求項3及び4記載の発明は、植物繊維とバーミキ
ュライトを混合して、該混合後の粒径が1mm以下のも
のを圧縮成形した培地又は植物繊維とバーミキュライト
と界面活性剤を混合して、該混合後の粒径が1mm以下
のものを圧縮成形した培地としたものであるから、混合
後の圧縮成形作業が容易になると共に、圧縮成形して得
た圧縮成形培地に水を加えて復元させる際の復元速度が
速くて復元形状も非常に安定する。然も、復元後の培地
の強度も強くて育苗及び育苗後の苗の取扱いが容易とな
る。Further, it can be stored and transported in a light-weight, small-volume dry state, and is extremely industrially excellent. The invention according to claims 3 and 4 is characterized in that a plant fiber and vermiculite are mixed, and a mixed medium having a particle size of 1 mm or less after compression or a plant fiber, vermiculite and a surfactant are mixed. Since the medium having a particle size of 1 mm or less after the mixing is a compression-molded medium, the compression-molding operation after the mixing becomes easy, and water is added to the compression-molded medium obtained by compression molding to restore the medium. The restoration speed is fast and the restoration shape is very stable. Needless to say, the strength of the medium after the restoration is high, and the handling of the seedlings and the seedlings after the seedlings are facilitated.
【0006】請求項5及び6記載の発明は、植物繊維と
バーミキュライトを混合して、粒径を1mm以下に粉砕
した後に圧縮成形した培地又は植物繊維とバーミキュラ
イトと界面活性剤を混合して、粒径を1mm以下に粉砕
した後に圧縮成形した培地としたものであるから、請求
項3及び4記載の発明の作用効果に加えて、混合物を粒
径1mm以下に粉砕することにより、混合物を無駄無く
利用できると共に、混合物の粒径も全体的に均一なもの
が得られ、安定した性能の圧縮成形培地を得ることがで
きる。The invention according to claims 5 and 6 is characterized in that a plant fiber and vermiculite are mixed, and the mixture is ground to a particle size of 1 mm or less, and then a compression-molded medium or a plant fiber, vermiculite and a surfactant are mixed, and the granules are mixed. Since the medium is obtained by compression-molding after crushing the diameter to 1 mm or less, in addition to the effects of the invention according to claims 3 and 4, the mixture is crushed to a particle diameter of 1 mm or less, so that the mixture can be used without waste. In addition to being usable, a mixture having a uniform particle size as a whole can be obtained, and a compression-molding medium having stable performance can be obtained.
【0007】請求項7記載の発明は、粒径が5mm以下
の植物繊維を用いた請求項1乃至6記載の培地としたも
のであるから、混合時の混合むらの発生を防止でき、然
も、混合後の圧縮成形作業が容易になると共に、圧縮成
形して得た圧縮成形培地に水を加えて復元させる際の復
元速度及び復元形状の安定性も更に良くて、復元後の培
地の強度も強く育苗及び育苗後の苗の取扱いが容易とな
る。[0007] The invention according to claim 7 is the medium according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein a plant fiber having a particle size of 5 mm or less is used. Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of uneven mixing at the time of mixing. The compression molding operation after mixing becomes easy, and the restoration speed and stability of the restoration shape when water is added to the compression molding medium obtained by compression molding to restore the shape are further improved. Also, the handling of the seedlings and the seedlings after the seedlings are easy to handle.
【0008】請求項8記載の発明は、粒径が1mm以下
のバーミキュライトを用いることにより、培地の圧縮成
形後に、粘土鉱物である安価で軽量なバーミキュライト
の優れた吸水性が良好に発揮されて、水を加えて復元さ
せる際の圧縮成形培地の復元速度が速くて復元性能が優
れている。然も、バーミキュライトの粘結力がピートモ
スの粒間を繋ぐバインダーとしての役もなし、培地の形
状を保持する効果も増大する。According to the invention of claim 8, the use of vermiculite having a particle size of 1 mm or less allows the inexpensive and lightweight vermiculite, which is a clay mineral, to exhibit excellent water absorption after compression molding of the medium. The restoration speed of the compression-molded medium at the time of restoration by adding water is high and the restoration performance is excellent. Of course, the caking power of vermiculite does not serve as a binder connecting the grains of peat moss, and the effect of maintaining the shape of the medium is increased.
【0009】請求項9記載の発明は、植物繊維がピート
モスである請求項1乃至8記載の培地としたものである
から、世界中に拡販されていて入手が容易で安価なピー
トモスの優れた保水性と軽量な長所を兼ね備えた圧縮成
形培地を得ることができる。請求項10記載の発明は、
請求項1乃至9記載の培地を、錠剤状、円柱状、球状、
又は平板状に圧縮成形したものであるから、請求項1乃
至9記載の培地の作用効果に加えて、軽量で容積の小さ
い乾燥状態で保存及び輸送を行なうことができ、非常に
産業上優れている。また、育苗容器の形状に合わせた形
状にすることにより、更に、播種作業が効率良く行なえ
る。According to a ninth aspect of the present invention, since the plant fiber is peat moss, the medium according to any one of the first to eighth aspects is excellent in water retention of inexpensive peat moss which is widely sold worldwide and is easily available. It is possible to obtain a compression-molding medium having both advantages of lightness and light weight. The invention according to claim 10 is
The medium according to claim 1, wherein the medium is a tablet, a column, a sphere,
Alternatively, since the medium is compression-molded into a flat plate, in addition to the effects of the medium according to claims 1 to 9, it can be stored and transported in a lightweight, small-volume, dry state, and is extremely industrially superior. I have. In addition, the seeding operation can be performed more efficiently by adopting a shape that matches the shape of the seedling raising container.
【0010】[0010]
【発明の実施の形態】この発明の実施の一形態であるレ
タスを播種育苗する場合について、以下に詳述する。図
1に示すものは、圧縮成形した培地(圧縮成形培地)1
の一実施例で、タブレット(錠剤状又は低い円柱状)の
形状に成形したものである。この圧縮成形培地1の材料
となる植物繊維を含む材料としては、ピートモスやヤシ
類の果実繊維(ヤシの実の果肉部の繊維を圧搾裁断した
もの)、おが屑、樹皮(バーク)、バーク堆肥などを用
いることができる。特に、ミズゴケ類が堆積してできた
ピートモスが最も好ましい。なお、ピートモスとヤシ類
の果実繊維等を混合した材料を用いることもできる。BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION A case of sowing and raising a lettuce according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below. The medium shown in FIG. 1 is a compression molded medium (compression molded medium) 1
In one embodiment, it is formed into a tablet (tablet or low columnar) shape. Examples of the material containing plant fibers that are used as the material of the compression molding medium 1 include peat moss and palm fruit fibers (compressed and cut fibers of coconut pulp), sawdust, bark (bark), bark compost, and the like. Can be used. In particular, peat moss formed by depositing sphagnum moss is most preferable. In addition, a material in which peat moss and coconut fruit fibers are mixed can also be used.
【0011】なお、ピートモスは、含水率約30%以下
に乾燥すると撥水性が顕著となる。そのため、ピートモ
スを圧縮成形する材料に使用する場合は、それが乾燥し
ていると、圧縮成形後使用時に水で膨張させるとき、そ
の水が吸収されにくくなり、取扱いが不便となる。そこ
で、圧縮成形前にピートモスを、バーミキュライトと混
合し又はバーミキュライトの水溶液に浸して、ピートモ
スの繊維表面にバーミキュライトの微粒子を付着させ、
それを乾燥して圧縮成形すれば、圧縮成形されたピート
モスが乾燥していても吸水しやすいものとなり、上記問
題は解消される。また、バーミキュライトは粘土成分の
一種で天然の物から抽出できるものであるが、アルキレ
ンオキサイド系やエステル系の非イオン活性剤等の界面
活性剤を撥水防止剤として用いると更に効果がある(ピ
ートモスを界面活性剤にて撥水防止処理をして、更に、
ピートモスの繊維表面にバーミキュライトの微粒子を付
着させ、それを乾燥して圧縮成形すれば、圧縮成形され
たピートモスが乾燥していても更に吸水しやすいものと
なる)。When peat moss is dried to a water content of about 30% or less, the water repellency becomes remarkable. Therefore, when peat moss is used as a material for compression molding, if it is dry, when it is expanded with water at the time of use after compression molding, the water is less likely to be absorbed and handling becomes inconvenient. Therefore, before compression molding, peat moss is mixed with vermiculite or immersed in an aqueous solution of vermiculite to attach fine particles of vermiculite to the surface of the peat moss fiber,
If it is dried and compression-molded, the compressed peat moss can easily absorb water even if it is dry, and the above problem is solved. Further, vermiculite is a kind of clay component that can be extracted from natural products. However, it is more effective to use a surfactant such as an alkylene oxide-based or ester-based nonionic surfactant as a water repellent (Peat Moss). With a surfactant to prevent water repellency,
If vermiculite microparticles are attached to the surface of the peat moss fiber, dried and compression-molded, the compressed peat moss is more likely to absorb water even when dry.
【0012】また、ピートモスは、一般にpH3.5〜
5.5と、pHが低いため、消石灰や生石灰、苦土石
灰、炭酸カルシウムなどでpH調節を行う。なお、取扱
易さと効果の面から苦土石灰が好ましい。ところで、上
記バーミキュライトは、ピートモスを圧縮成形する時の
バインダーとして作用する粘結剤にもなり、成形時の粘
結効果を高めるものとなるが、他にバインダーとしてア
ルギン酸ナトリウム等を添加すれば、更に成形後の形状
が安定する。In addition, peat moss generally has a pH of 3.5 to 3.5.
Since the pH is as low as 5.5, the pH is adjusted with slaked lime, quicklime, formic lime, calcium carbonate, or the like. It should be noted that magnesite lime is preferred in terms of ease of handling and effects. By the way, the vermiculite also serves as a binder which acts as a binder when compression-molding peat moss, and enhances the binding effect at the time of molding.However, if sodium alginate or the like is added as a binder, furthermore, The shape after molding is stable.
【0013】また、圧縮成形した培地1が水を含んで膨
張するときの膨張倍率を大きくするため、前記ピートモ
ス等の植物繊維を含む材料に、市販の高吸水性ポリマー
等を混入させて用いることもできる。ここで、上記の圧
縮成形培地の一実施例として、植物繊維を含む材料とし
てピートモスを用いて製造する例を詳細に説明する。Further, in order to increase the expansion ratio when the compression-molded culture medium 1 expands with water, a commercially available superabsorbent polymer or the like is mixed with a material containing plant fibers such as peat moss. Can also. Here, as an example of the above-mentioned compression molding medium, an example in which peat moss is used as a material containing plant fibers will be described in detail.
【0014】先ず、市販のピートモス(含水率は通常4
0〜50%で、平均的には45%のものが多い)の塊を
解砕(解いて砕く)し、3mmメッシュ(縦横が3mm
の網目)で篩いをかけて、粒径が3mm以下のものを精
選する。尚、5mmメッシュ(縦横が5mmの網目)で
篩いをかけて、粒径が5mm以下のものを精選しても後
工程の混合時に混合むらが発生する恐れはあまりなく出
来上がった圧縮成形培地の使用上の問題はないので、精
選は5mmメッシュ以下であれば良い。併し乍ら、粒径
が5mmを超えるものは、後工程の混合時に混合むらが
発生し、出来上がった圧縮成形培地に水を加えて復元す
る際の復元性能が悪い(復元速度が遅く、復元形状も安
定しない)。First, commercially available peat moss (having a water content of usually 4
A mass of 0 to 50% (often 45% on average) is crushed (crushed and crushed), and a 3 mm mesh (length and width is 3 mm)
And a sieve having a particle size of 3 mm or less is carefully selected. In addition, even if sieving with a 5 mm mesh (mesh of 5 mm in length and width) and carefully selecting those having a particle size of 5 mm or less, use of the completed compression-molded medium is not likely to cause uneven mixing during mixing in the subsequent process. Since there is no problem described above, it is sufficient that the fine selection is 5 mm mesh or less. However, when the particle size exceeds 5 mm, uneven mixing occurs during the mixing in the subsequent process, and the restoration performance when adding water to the completed compression-molded medium to restore the medium is poor (the restoration speed is slow and the restoration shape is stable). do not do).
【0015】そして、この精選したピートモス8リット
ル(約0.8kg)に対して、粒径が1mm以下のバーミ
キュライト2リットル(混合後の容積比でバーミキュラ
イトが10〜30%になる混合比にすると、復元性及び
形状安定性の良い最適の圧縮成形培地が得られる)と、
苦土石灰(Mg,Ca)10〜30gと、水1リットル
に界面活性剤である非イオン系のポリオキシエチレンア
ルキルフェニルエーテルを0.2〜1ccと肥料として窒
素0.7〜4.2g・燐0.8〜4.8g・カリウム
0.6〜3.6gを混ぜたものと、を10分間混合す
る。すると、ピートモスの撥水性が界面活性剤でなくな
り、ピートモスとバーミキュライトと苦土石灰と肥料と
が混在した含水率が50〜60%の混合物が得られる。
そして、ピートモスの表面にはバーミキュライトの微粒
子が付着した状態となる。Then, with respect to 8 liters (about 0.8 kg) of the selected peat moss, 2 liters of vermiculite having a particle size of 1 mm or less (the mixing ratio of the vermiculite is 10 to 30% by volume ratio after mixing, An optimal compression molding medium with good resilience and shape stability can be obtained) and
10-30 g of formic lime (Mg, Ca), 0.2-1 cc of nonionic polyoxyethylene alkyl phenyl ether as a surfactant in 1 liter of water, and 0.7-4.2 g of nitrogen as fertilizer. A mixture of 0.8 to 4.8 g of phosphorus and 0.6 to 3.6 g of potassium is mixed for 10 minutes. Then, the water repellency of the peat moss is no longer a surfactant, and a mixture of peat moss, vermiculite, formic lime, and fertilizer having a water content of 50 to 60% is obtained.
Then, fine particles of vermiculite are attached to the surface of the peat moss.
【0016】この混合物を含水率が15%になるまで乾
燥し、その後、圧延ロール等で1mmメッシュの細かな
粉(縦横が1mmの網目の篩いを通る粉)状まで粉砕し
て、粉状の培地を得る。そして、この1mmメッシュま
で粉砕したものを圧縮成形する。圧縮成形には、プレス
機を用い、下型2の円筒状の穴内に前記粉状の培地を詰
めて上型3の円筒状突部が上方から下降して圧縮成形し
て(図2参照)、圧縮成形培地1を得る。The mixture is dried until the water content becomes 15%, and then ground with a rolling roll or the like to a fine powder of 1 mm mesh (powder passing through a 1 mm-long and horizontal mesh sieve) to form a powder. Obtain medium. And what was ground to 1 mm mesh is compression molded. For the compression molding, a press machine is used to pack the powdered culture medium into the cylindrical hole of the lower mold 2 and the cylindrical protrusion of the upper mold 3 descends from above to perform compression molding (see FIG. 2). To obtain a compression molding medium 1.
【0017】このときの圧縮する圧力は、含水率15%
のもので150kg/cm2 の圧力で圧縮すると良好に
圧縮成形できる。そして、混合物を1mmメッシュの細
かな粉状まで粉砕してから圧縮成形するのは、プレス機
で成形する際に、混合物を型に入れるのが容易になると
共に、圧縮成形して得た圧縮成形培地1に水を加えて復
元させる際に、復元速度が速くて復元形状も非常に安定
する。然も、復元後の培地の強度も強くて育苗及び育苗
後の苗の取扱いが容易となる。尚、テストで混合物を2
mmメッシュ(粒径2mm)の状態で圧縮成形してみた
が、成形後の水を加えて復元させる際の復元速度及び復
元形状の安定性は、共に劣るものであった。そして、復
元後の培地の強度も粒が大きいために弱くて壊れ易いも
のであった。The compression pressure at this time is a water content of 15%.
When compression is performed at a pressure of 150 kg / cm 2 , good compression molding can be performed. Compression molding is performed by pulverizing the mixture to a fine powder of 1 mm mesh and then compression molding. This is because it is easy to put the mixture in a mold when molding with a press, and the compression molding obtained by compression molding is performed. When the medium 1 is restored by adding water, the restoration speed is fast and the restored shape is very stable. Needless to say, the strength of the medium after the restoration is high, and the handling of the seedlings and the seedlings after the seedlings are facilitated. The mixture was tested for 2
When compression molding was performed in a state of a mm mesh (particle diameter: 2 mm), both the restoration speed and the stability of the restored shape when water was added and restored after molding were inferior. The strength of the medium after the restoration was weak and fragile due to the large grains.
【0018】また、圧縮成形後の具体的な寸法を示す
と、圧縮成形培地1の大きさは、直径D1=15mm、
高さH1=15mmの円筒形状に圧縮成形される。尚、
上記の成形前の混合物にバインダーとしてアルギン酸ナ
トリウム等を添加すれば、圧縮成形時の粘結効果が高ま
り、更に成形後の形状が安定する。次に、図3〜図7に
示す育苗トレイ4は、発砲スチロールを材料として成形
したもので、図6及び図7に示されるような平面視が円
形で断面形状がコップ状の育苗ポット5…を多数設けた
ものである。そして、各育苗ポット5には、内側面5a
から底面5bに到るL字状の溝9・9・9・9が4箇所
形成されており、その底部には育苗時の水抜け孔であ
り、育苗後に苗を押し出す為に苗押出し棒7や指等を差
し込むことのできる孔6…が開けられている。尚、各溝
9・9・9・9は、育苗ポット5の上部からこの孔6ま
で連通しており、苗を育苗するときに、空気が自由に育
苗ポット5の上部から各溝9・9・9・9及び孔6を通
って下部まで流れるようになっている(勿論、逆に、空
気が自由に育苗ポット5の下部から孔6及び各溝9・9
・9・9を通って上部まで流れるようになっている)。
また、灌水時には、育苗ポット5内の培地に上面及び各
溝9・9・9・9から側面に水が浸透するので灌水も容
易であり、また、余分な水は各溝9・9・9・9及び孔
6から排水されるので水が過分に溜って根腐れを起こす
ことの防止にもなる。Further, the specific dimensions after compression molding are as follows. The size of the compression molding medium 1 is as follows: diameter D1 = 15 mm;
It is compression molded into a cylindrical shape with a height H1 = 15 mm. still,
If sodium alginate or the like is added as a binder to the mixture before molding, the binding effect at the time of compression molding is enhanced, and the shape after molding is further stabilized. Next, the seedling raising tray 4 shown in FIGS. 3 to 7 is formed by using styrofoam as a material, and as shown in FIGS. Are provided in large numbers. Each seedling pot 5 has an inner surface 5a.
L-shaped grooves 9.9 extending from the bottom to the bottom surface 5b are formed at four places, and at the bottom thereof are water drainage holes for raising seedlings. And holes 6 into which fingers and the like can be inserted. Each of the grooves 9, 9, 9, 9 communicates from the upper part of the seedling raising pot 5 to the hole 6, and when raising the seedlings, the air is freely allowed to flow from the upper part of the seedling raising pot 5 to the respective grooves 9.9.・ It flows to the lower part through 9.9 and the hole 6 (of course, on the contrary, air freely flows from the lower part of the seedling raising pot 5 to the hole 6 and each groove 9.9).
・ It flows to the top through 9.9).
In addition, at the time of watering, water permeates into the culture medium in the seedling raising pot 5 from the upper surface and the side surfaces from the grooves 9, 9, 9, 9 to facilitate watering, and excess water is removed from the grooves 9, 9, 9, 9. -Since the water is drained from the holes 9 and 6, it is possible to prevent excessive accumulation of water and root rot.
【0019】そして、特に、各溝9・9・9・9の溝深
さは、上端部の溝深さA1から下端部の溝深さA2に到
るまで順次深くなるように形成されている。尚、育苗ポ
ット5の内容部の大きさは、具体的な寸法を示すと、底
部直径D3=18mm、上端開口部の口径D2=23m
m、深さH2=37mm、上端部の溝深さA1=3.5
mm、下端部の溝深さA2=4.7mmに形成されてい
る。In particular, the groove depth of each of the grooves 9 is formed so as to gradually increase from the groove depth A1 at the upper end to the groove depth A2 at the lower end. . In addition, the size of the contents of the seedling raising pot 5 is, specifically, a bottom diameter D3 = 18 mm, and a diameter D2 of the upper end opening D2 = 23 m.
m, depth H2 = 37 mm, groove depth A1 at the upper end = 3.5
mm, and the groove depth A2 at the lower end is 4.7 mm.
【0020】次に、上記の育苗トレイ4と圧縮成形培地
1を用いた播種作業の説明をする。先ず、育苗トレイ4
の各育苗ポット5…内に圧縮成形培地1を入れる(図
8)。そして、その各育苗ポット5…内に入れられた圧
縮成形培地1に上から灌水する。すると、圧縮成形培地
1は主原料であるピートモスの撥水性が界面活性剤でな
くなっているので、各育苗ポット5…内で水を吸収して
急速に膨張し(圧縮成形培地1の膨張は、テストすると
20秒以内で終了する)、膨張した培地1’は育苗ポッ
ト5…内にほぼ充満する(図9)。この圧縮成形培地1
は、水を含んで膨張すると、育苗ポット5の内側面との
間に少し空隙が残り、上端開口部からH3=1〜2mm
突出するような大きさの培地1’になるように圧縮成形
されている。尚、圧縮成形培地1は、前記のようにピー
トモスの繊維表面にバーミキュライトの微粒子を付着さ
せて乾燥させたものを粒径が1mm以下に粉砕した粒の
揃ったものを用いているので、水を含んで復元する際
に、希望する形状とおりにまっすぐ綺麗に急速に復元す
る。Next, the seeding operation using the seedling raising tray 4 and the compression molding medium 1 will be described. First, nursery tray 4
The compression molding medium 1 is placed in each seedling pot 5 (FIG. 8). Then, the compression-molding medium 1 placed in each of the seedling raising pots 5 is watered from above. Then, since the water repellency of peat moss, which is the main raw material, is no longer a surfactant, the compression molding medium 1 absorbs water in each of the seedling raising pots 5... And rapidly expands (the expansion of the compression molding medium 1 is When the test ends within 20 seconds), the expanded medium 1 ′ is almost completely filled in the seedling raising pots 5 (FIG. 9). This compression molding medium 1
When swelled with water, a small gap is left between itself and the inner surface of the seedling raising pot 5, and H3 = 1 to 2 mm from the upper end opening.
It is compression-molded so as to become a culture medium 1 'having such a size as to protrude. The compression-molding medium 1 was prepared by attaching and drying vermiculite microparticles to the surface of peat moss fiber as described above, and drying the same. When including and restoring, quickly restore straight and neatly to the desired shape.
【0021】そして、このように充填された培地1’の
上部から周知の播種穴形成ロール22を転動させて圧を
掛けると(図10)、その播種穴形成突部23が培地
1’内に嵌まり込んで深さL=5mmの播種穴24を形
成すると共に、円筒外面25にて培地1’の上部が押圧
されて前記培地1’の育苗ポット5上端開口部から1〜
2mm突出した分だけ培地1’は圧縮されて、培地1’
は育苗ポット5内に充満される(図11)。このとき、
圧縮成形された培地1の膨張に多少の誤差があって育苗
ポット5の内側面との間に多少空隙が生じていても、育
苗ポット5の適正な培地高さH2よりもH3だけ高く膨
張させた後に適正な培地高さH2まで押圧するから、育
苗ポット5に適切に培地を充填することができる。Then, when a well-known seeding hole forming roll 22 is rolled from above the filled medium 1 'to apply pressure (FIG. 10), the seeding hole forming projections 23 are positioned inside the medium 1'. To form a seeding hole 24 with a depth L = 5 mm, and the upper part of the culture medium 1 ′ is pressed by the cylindrical outer surface 25, and the seedling pot 5 of the culture medium 1 ′ is opened from the upper end by one to one.
The medium 1 ′ is compressed by an amount of 2 mm, and the medium 1 ′ is compressed.
Are filled in the seedling raising pot 5 (FIG. 11). At this time,
Even if there is some error in the expansion of the compression-molded medium 1 and there is some gap between the medium and the inner surface of the seedling pot 5, the medium is expanded by H3 higher than the appropriate medium height H2 of the seedling pot 5. After that, the medium is pressed to an appropriate medium height H2, so that the seedling raising pot 5 can be appropriately filled with the medium.
【0022】その後、播種穴24に播種をして播種穴2
4部をバーミキュライト若しくは土にて覆土26する
(図12)。その時、上記のように各育苗ポット5に適
切な培地の充填がなされるのであるが、仮に、圧縮成形
培地1の角が欠けていて、膨張後に押圧しても適切な培
地の充填が行なわれなかった場合にも、バーミキュライ
トや土等の覆土26で育苗ポット5内の培地を適切な量
に補正できて、個々の苗が不均一に成長したり苗の育苗
に支障を来したりすることなく、良好な育苗が行なえ
て、良質の苗を得ることができる。Thereafter, the seeding hole 24 is sown and the seeding hole 2 is sown.
Four parts are covered 26 with vermiculite or soil (FIG. 12). At that time, the seedling pots 5 are filled with an appropriate medium as described above. However, if the corners of the compression-molded medium 1 are lacking and the compressed medium is pressed after expansion, the appropriate medium is filled. Even when the seedling is not provided, the medium in the seedling raising pot 5 can be corrected to an appropriate amount with the cover soil 26 such as vermiculite or soil, so that individual seedlings grow unevenly or hinder the seedling raising. And good seedlings can be obtained, and high quality seedlings can be obtained.
【0023】そして、上記のようにして播種作業を終え
た育苗トレイ4を各育苗ポット5底部の各孔6…を塞が
ないような格子状の台に並べて、溝9と孔6を空気が自
由に流通できる状態で育苗が行われる。そして、適度に
成長した苗は栽培圃場に移植されるが、このとき、育苗
ポット5…の底部の孔6…に苗押出し棒7…を差し込む
か指で押し上げることにより育苗ポット5…内に収容さ
れた苗を押し出すと容易に苗を育苗トレイ4の育苗ポッ
ト5…から取り出すことができる(図13)。尚、覆土
26にはバーミキュライトを用いると、比重が軽いので
種子が出芽し易く出芽率が向上し、また、保水性が良い
ので育苗も容易である。Then, the seedling raising trays 4 which have been seeded as described above are arranged on a lattice-shaped table so as not to block the holes 6 at the bottom of each seedling raising pot 5, and air is passed through the grooves 9 and the holes 6. Seedlings are raised in a state where they can be freely distributed. The seedlings that have grown appropriately are transplanted to the cultivation field. At this time, the seedling pushing rods 7 are inserted into the holes 6 at the bottom of the seedling growing pots 5 or pushed up with fingers to be accommodated in the seedling growing pots 5. When the removed seedlings are pushed out, the seedlings can be easily taken out from the seedling raising pots 5 of the seedling raising tray 4 (FIG. 13). When vermiculite is used for the cover soil 26, seeds are easy to germinate because the specific gravity is light, the germination rate is improved, and seedling raising is easy because of good water retention.
【0024】そして、この育苗トレイ4の各育苗ポット
5…には溝9…が設けられており、培地1’が膨張時に
溝9…内に入り込んで溝を埋めてしまわないので、溝9
…内には空間が形成されている。従って、育苗時に、苗
の根が伸長して培地内から溝9…内に出て伸びようとし
たとき、エアープルーニング効果により、そこで根の伸
長が止まる。よって、根が培地外周面に沿って過密に巻
いた状態になるのが防止されることと併せて、溝9…部
で根の伸長が止まる分、培地内で側根の成育が旺盛とな
るので、圃場へ移植したときの苗の活着が良好となる。
(尚、根が伸長し過ぎて培地外周面に沿って過密に巻い
た状態になると、移植後、圃場に活着しようとする新し
い根が培地外周面に過密に巻いた根に阻止されて、培地
の外の土壌に根が伸長しにくくなり活着しにくくなる問
題がある。) また、上記のような育苗上の効果を有する育苗ポット5
…を形成した育苗トレイ4を用いた育苗を行うとき、圧
縮成形培地1は、育苗ポット5に合わせた円柱形状であ
るから、水を含んで膨張した時に溝9…内を培地が塞ぐ
ことがない。特に、前記のように、圧縮成形培地1を、
その圧縮された方向が上下方向となる姿勢で各育苗ポッ
ト5内に入れ、そのように入れた圧縮成形培地1に水を
含ませることで圧縮成形培地1を各育苗ポット5内で膨
張させて充満させ、育苗ポット5内に培地を充填する方
法をとると、その圧縮成形培地1は、水を含むと水平方
向には大きく膨張せず上下方向に大きく膨張するから、
溝9…内を埋めるように培地が入り込むことがなく溝9
…内に空間が形成される状態に培地を育苗ポット5内に
充填することが容易に行なえる。従って、この育苗ポッ
ト5…の溝9…によるエアープルーニング効果を充分に
奏する状態での播種、育苗が容易に行なえるものとな
る。The seedling raising pots 5 of the seedling raising tray 4 are provided with grooves 9. Since the medium 1 'does not enter the grooves 9 and fill the grooves when the medium 1' expands, the grooves 9 are formed.
… A space is formed inside. Therefore, at the time of raising seedlings, when the roots of the seedlings extend and try to extend from the medium into the grooves 9, the roots stop there due to the air pruning effect. Therefore, in addition to preventing the roots from becoming overly wound along the outer peripheral surface of the medium, the growth of the lateral roots in the medium becomes vigorous in the medium because the roots stop growing in the grooves 9. In addition, the survival of the seedlings when transplanted to the field is improved.
(If the roots are overgrown and become densely wound along the outer peripheral surface of the medium, after transplantation, new roots that are going to take root in the field are blocked by the roots that are excessively wound on the outer peripheral surface of the medium. There is a problem that the roots are difficult to elongate and take root on the soil outside the seedlings.) In addition, the seedling raising pot 5 having the above-described effect on the seedling raising.
When the seedlings are raised using the seedling raising tray 4 in which... Are formed, the compression-molded medium 1 has a columnar shape adapted to the seedling raising pot 5, so that when the medium is expanded with water, the medium may block the grooves 9. Absent. In particular, as described above, the compression molding medium 1
The compressed molding medium 1 is expanded in each of the seedling pots 5 by putting the compressed medium into each of the seedling pots 5 in a posture in which the compressed direction is the vertical direction, and by adding water to the compressed molding medium 1 thus placed. If the method of filling and raising the medium in the seedling raising pot 5 is adopted, the compression-molded medium 1 does not expand greatly in the horizontal direction but greatly expands in the vertical direction when it contains water.
Groove 9 ... The medium does not enter so as to fill the groove 9
.. Can be easily filled into the seedling raising pot 5 so that a space is formed therein. Therefore, the seeding and the seedling raising can be easily performed in a state where the air pruning effect by the grooves 9 of the seedling raising pots 5 is sufficiently exerted.
【0025】更に、小さなゴミや砂や小石等が溝9内に
詰まると、その詰まった部分から上の溝9は灌水の度に
小さなゴミや砂や小石等が滞積して埋まってしまう。す
ると、エアープルーニング効果が得られなくなり、良質
な苗の育成が行なえなくなるが、各溝9・9・9・9の
溝深さは、上端部の溝深さA1から下端部の溝深さA2
に到るまで順次深くなるように形成され、然も、各溝9
・9・9・9の断面積も上端部の開口部面積から下端部
の開口部面積に到るまで順次広くなるように形成されて
いるので、育苗時に小さなゴミや砂や小石等が溝9の上
端部から溝9内に入っても、溝9内に詰まることなく下
端部から孔6を通って容易に外に排出され(溝9内に小
さなゴミや砂や小石等が入っていても、特に灌水時に、
水で容易に外部に押し流される。)、溝9が埋まってし
まうことが防止され、前記のようなエアープルーニング
効果を充分に奏する状態での育苗が容易に行なえる。Further, when small dirt, sand, pebbles and the like are clogged in the groove 9, the small dirt, sand, pebbles and the like are accumulated and filled in the groove 9 above the clogged portion every time irrigation is performed. Then, the air pruning effect cannot be obtained, and it is impossible to grow a good quality seedling. However, the groove depth of each groove 9, 9, 9, 9 is changed from the groove depth A1 at the upper end to the groove depth A2 at the lower end.
Are formed so as to become deeper one by one until reaching each groove 9.
The cross-sectional area of 9.9.9 is also formed so as to gradually increase from the opening area at the upper end to the opening area at the lower end, so that small garbage, sand, pebbles, and the like during the raising of seedlings are in the grooves 9. Even if it enters the groove 9 from the upper end, it is easily discharged from the lower end through the hole 6 without clogging the groove 9 (even if small dust, sand, pebbles, etc. enter the groove 9). , Especially during irrigation,
It is easily washed out with water. ), The grooves 9 are prevented from being buried, and seedlings can be easily grown in a state where the air pruning effect is sufficiently exhibited as described above.
【0026】尚、植物繊維を含む材料を圧縮成形した培
地1には、圧縮成形後、水を含ませて膨張させると、圧
縮成形時の圧縮方向とは略々反対方向に向かう膨張が大
きいという特性がある。例えば、図1に示すタブレット
の形状の圧縮成形培地1を、ピートモスを用いて、上下
方向から圧縮して成形したところ、圧縮成形時の大きさ
が直径15mm×高さ15mmの大きさのものが、水を
含んで膨張すると、圧縮方向の反対方向の膨張が、高さ
15mmから高さ38〜39mmとなって約2.5倍の
膨張となり、圧縮方向に交差する方向の膨張が、直径1
5mmから直径18〜19mmとなって約1.2倍の膨
張となった。It is to be noted that if the medium 1 obtained by compression-molding a material containing plant fibers is expanded by adding water after compression molding, the expansion in the direction substantially opposite to the compression direction during compression molding is large. Has characteristics. For example, when the compression-molding medium 1 in the form of a tablet shown in FIG. 1 is compressed and molded from above and below using peat moss, the size at the time of compression molding is 15 mm in diameter × 15 mm in height. When expanded with water, the expansion in the direction opposite to the compression direction increases from 15 mm to a height of 38 to 39 mm and becomes about 2.5 times the expansion, and the expansion in the direction intersecting the compression direction has a diameter of 1 mm.
The diameter increased from 5 mm to 18 to 19 mm, and the expansion was about 1.2 times.
【0027】一方、育苗トレイ4は、発砲スチロールを
材料として成形され各育苗ポット5の内側面5aと底面
5bとで培地1’を覆った状態になっているので、断熱
性が良くて根部の温度が必要以上に上がることが防止さ
れ、夏場の熱い時期に苗を育苗しても、苗がひょろ長く
伸びてしまう徒長を防止でき、健全な苗の育成が行なえ
ると共に、育苗トレイ4の各育苗ポット5の各苗を均一
に成育させることができる。On the other hand, the seedling raising tray 4 is formed of styrene foam and is covered with the culture medium 1 'by the inner surface 5a and the bottom surface 5b of each seedling raising pot 5, so that the heat insulating property is good and the roots The temperature can be prevented from rising more than necessary, and even if the seedlings are raised during the hot summer season, the seedlings can be prevented from growing too long, and healthy seedlings can be grown. Each seedling in each seedling pot 5 can be grown uniformly.
【0028】そして、圧縮成形培地1は、前記のよう
に、水を含むと圧縮方向とは略々反対方向に大きく膨張
するが、その膨張後の培地1’は、膨張方向(上下方
向)の剪断に対しては強く、その膨張方向と交差する方
向(左右方向)の剪断に対しては弱い特性がある。従
来、エアープルーニング効果により根巻きが起こってい
ない苗の茎を持って上方に引っ張って抜こうとすると、
根が培地に絡んでいないため苗だけが引き抜かれてしま
って培地ごと苗を引き抜くことはできにくく、また、育
苗ポットの底部の孔に棒を押し込んで培地ごと苗を取り
出そうとしても、根が培地に絡んでいないため底部に押
し込んだ棒が土を崩してしまい培地ごと苗を押し上げる
ことはできにくい問題がある。As described above, the compression-molded medium 1 greatly expands substantially in the direction opposite to the compression direction when containing water, but the medium 1 'after the expansion expands in the expansion direction (vertical direction). It has the property of being strong against shearing and weak against shearing in a direction (left-right direction) crossing the expansion direction. Conventionally, if you try to pull up by pulling the stem of a seedling where root wrapping has not occurred due to the air pruning effect,
Because the roots are not entangled in the medium, only the seedlings are pulled out and it is difficult to pull out the seedlings together with the medium, and even if you try to remove the seedlings with the medium by pushing the stick into the hole at the bottom of the seedling pot, There is a problem that it is difficult to push up the seedling together with the culture medium because the rod pushed into the bottom breaks the soil because it is not entangled with the culture medium.
【0029】そこで、圧縮成形培地1…をその圧縮され
た方向が上下方向となる姿勢で各育苗ポット5…内に入
れ、該圧縮成形培地1…に水を含ませて圧縮成形培地1
…を各育苗ポット5…内で膨張させて充満させ、その
後、該膨張後の培地1’…に播種して育苗する育苗方法
をとることにより、各育苗ポット5…内で育苗された苗
の培地は上下方向の剪断に対して強いことになるから、
苗の茎を持って上方に引っ張って抜くことができ、ま
た、育苗ポット5…の底部の孔6…に苗押出し棒7…を
差し込んで育苗ポット5…内に収容された苗を押し出す
ときに培地が崩れにくく、苗の根があまり伸びていない
ときでも、従来に比べて苗を育苗ポット5…から取り出
しやすくなる。従って、移植機にて苗の植付けができる
適応性の高い苗(各育苗ポット5…内から上方に引き抜
く装置や下方から押し出す装置にて抜きやすい苗)を育
成することができる。Then, the compression-molded medium 1 is placed in each seedling pot 5 in such a manner that the compressed direction is the up-down direction, and water is contained in the compression-molded medium 1 so that the compression-molded medium 1 is filled with water.
Are expanded and filled in each seedling pot 5, and then seeded on the expanded medium 1 ′ to raise seedlings. Since the medium will be resistant to vertical shear,
The seedlings can be pulled out by holding the stems of the seedlings and pulled out. Also, when pushing out the seedlings contained in the seedling raising pots 5 by inserting the seedling pushing rods 7 into the holes 6 at the bottom of the seedling raising pots 5. Even when the medium is not easily disintegrated and the roots of the seedlings are not very elongated, the seedlings can be easily taken out from the seedling raising pots 5. Therefore, highly adaptable seedlings (seedlings that can be easily pulled out by a device that pulls out from the inside of each seedling pot 5... Or a device that pushes out from below) can be grown.
【0030】尚、育苗ポット5が平面視円形なので、上
記圧縮成形培地1の平面視形状も円形のものを用いる
が、育苗ポットが平面視四角形であれば、それに入れる
圧縮成形培地の平面視形状も四角形のものを用いると、
育苗ポット内に入れた圧縮成形培地に水を含ませて膨張
させたとき、適確に育苗ポット内に培地が充満する。よ
って、圧縮成形培地の平面視形状は、それを入れる育苗
トレイの育苗ポットの平面視形状に合わせたものとする
と、良好に育苗ポット内に培地を充満させられる。Since the seedling-growing pot 5 is circular in plan view, the shape of the above-mentioned compression-molding medium 1 is also circular. If you also use a square thing,
When the compression-molded medium placed in the seedling raising pot is expanded by adding water, the medium is properly filled in the seedling raising pot. Therefore, if the shape in plan view of the compression-molded medium matches the shape in plan view of the seedling pot of the seedling raising tray in which the medium is filled, the medium can be filled in the seedling pot well.
【0031】更に、育苗トレイの材質は、発砲スチロー
ルに限定されるものではなく、硬質の合成樹脂や自由に
湾曲させれるような軟質の合成樹脂等の如何なる材質で
成型しても良い。また、上記の例においては、育苗トレ
イ4に多数配列した育苗ポット5の例を示したが、植木
鉢やビニールポット(鉢)等の単体の育苗容器に本願発
明を用いても良いことは、謂うまでもない。Further, the material of the seedling raising tray is not limited to foamed styrene, but may be formed of any material such as a hard synthetic resin or a soft synthetic resin which can be freely bent. Further, in the above example, the example of the seedling pots 5 arranged in a large number on the seedling raising tray 4 is shown, but it is so-called that the present invention may be applied to a single seedling raising container such as a flowerpot or a plastic pot (pot). Not even.
【0032】次に、圧縮成形培地1を他の形状に圧縮成
形した例について説明する。即ち、この発明の実施の一
形態である水稲を播種して所謂マット状苗を育苗する場
合について、以下に詳述する。先ず、水稲用の苗箱30
は、一般的に、平面視が長方形で、内法が縦=28cm
・横=58cm・深さ=3cmで、底に水抜き孔30a
が多数設けられた浅い箱状に日本国内で規格化されてい
るものである。Next, an example in which the compression molding medium 1 is compression molded into another shape will be described. That is, a case where a so-called mat-shaped seedling is raised by sowing paddy rice according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below. First, a seedling box 30 for paddy rice
Is generally rectangular in plan view and vertical = 28 cm
・ Width = 58cm ・ depth = 3cm, drain hole 30a at the bottom
Are standardized in Japan in a shallow box shape provided with a large number.
【0033】図14に示すものは、上記の苗箱30内に
入るように、縦=27.5cm、横=57.5cm、高
さ=4〜5mmの平面視長方形の平板状に圧縮成形され
た圧縮成形培地1である。この平板状圧縮成形培地1
は、前記実施例と同様にして1mmメッシュまで粉砕し
て得た粉状の培地を下型2’の浅い箱状の穴内に詰めて
上型3’の長方形板状の突部が上方から下降して圧縮成
形したものである(図15参照)。The one shown in FIG. 14 is compression molded into a rectangular flat plate having a length of 27.5 cm, a width of 57.5 cm, and a height of 4 to 5 mm so as to enter the seedling box 30. This is a compression-molded medium 1. This plate-shaped compression molding medium 1
In the same manner as in the above example, a powdery medium obtained by grinding to a 1 mm mesh is packed in a shallow box-shaped hole of the lower mold 2 ', and the rectangular plate-shaped projection of the upper mold 3' descends from above. And compression molded (see FIG. 15).
【0034】このときの圧縮する圧力は、含水率15%
のもので100kg/cm2 の圧力で圧縮すると良好に
圧縮成形できる。次に、水稲用の苗箱30と平板状圧縮
成形培地1を用いた播種育苗について詳述する。先ず、
図16のように、苗箱30内に圧縮成形培地1を入れ
て、上方より水をかける。The compression pressure at this time is a water content of 15%.
When compression is performed under a pressure of 100 kg / cm 2 , good compression molding can be performed. Next, the seedling raising using the seedling box 30 for paddy rice and the plate-shaped compression-molding medium 1 will be described in detail. First,
As shown in FIG. 16, the compression molding medium 1 is put in the seedling box 30, and water is applied from above.
【0035】苗箱30内の圧縮成形培地1は、主原料で
あるピートモスの撥水性が界面活性剤でなくなっている
ので、急速に水を吸収して膨張し、図17に示すように
高さ=13〜25mmの厚さになる。尚、圧縮成形培地
1の膨張は、テストすると20秒以内で終了する。そし
て、鎮圧装置にて表面を平らにして均一な苗床状態にし
て、その表面に一様に籾を播種し、その上から覆土して
灌水する(図18)。The compression-molding medium 1 in the seedling box 30 rapidly expands by absorbing water because the water repellency of peat moss, which is the main raw material, is no longer a surfactant, as shown in FIG. = 13-25 mm thick. The expansion of the compression-molding medium 1 is completed within 20 seconds when tested. Then, the surface is flattened by a pressure-reducing device to make a uniform nursery bed, and the surface is uniformly seeded with paddy, covered with soil from above, and irrigated (FIG. 18).
【0036】次に、播種作業を終えた苗箱30は、発芽
装置に入れて発芽させた後に、育苗が行われる。このよ
うにして播種作業が行なわれるのであるが、この圧縮成
形培地1は、主原料であるピートモスにバーミキュライ
ト等を混合して圧縮成形したものであるから、軽くて嵩
張らないので、苗箱30への圧縮成形培地1の供給作業
は非常に容易に行なえ、保管場所も狭くて良い。更に、
軽くて嵩張らない圧縮成形培地1の輸送コストは安く、
産業上でも優れている。そして、圧縮成形培地1は、ピ
ートモスの撥水性を界面活性剤にてなくしており、ま
た、混合物であるバーミキュライトの吸水性も手伝っ
て、灌水すると急速に膨張し、作業効率が良い。Next, the seedling box 30 after the seeding operation is put into a germination apparatus and germinated, and then seedlings are raised. The seeding operation is performed in this manner. Since the compression-molding medium 1 is a mixture obtained by mixing vermiculite and the like with peat moss, which is the main raw material, the compression-molding medium 1 is light and not bulky. The operation of supplying the compression-molded medium 1 can be performed very easily, and the storage place may be narrow. Furthermore,
The transportation cost of the light and non-bulky compression molding medium 1 is low,
Excellent in industry. Then, the compression-molding medium 1 eliminates the water repellency of peat moss by the surfactant, and the water absorption of vermiculite, which is a mixture, is helped.
【0037】そして、育苗時には、マット状苗床1の主
成分がピートモスであるので、保水性が良くて育苗作業
が容易であり、良質の苗を簡単に育成でき、然も、育苗
が終了した苗を圃場への移植の為に圃場まで運ぶ際に
も、軽量であるから、従来の土のように重労働ではなく
非常に作業が容易である。最後に、上記の実施例では、
苗箱30に一つの圧縮成形培地1を入れて復元させる例
を示したが、上記の圧縮成形培地1を2分割若しくは3
分割等に小さく複数個に分割して、苗箱にそれを複数枚
並べて復元させても良い。At the time of raising seedlings, since the main component of the mat-shaped seedbed 1 is peat moss, the water retention is good and the raising of seedlings is easy, and high quality seedlings can be easily raised. When carrying to a field for transplanting to a field, since it is lightweight, the work is very easy, not heavy labor like conventional soil. Finally, in the above example,
Although an example in which one compression molding medium 1 is put into the seedling box 30 and restored is shown, the compression molding medium 1 is divided into two or three.
It is also possible to divide it into a plurality of smaller pieces such as by dividing, and to restore them by arranging a plurality of them in a seedling box.
【0038】また、圧縮成形後の培地1の表面に界面活
性剤を塗布すると、水をかけて復元させる際に、表面の
吸水性が非常に良くなり復元が早くて、播種作業時の作
業能率が向上する。また、上記の実施例においては、ピ
ートモスにバーミキュライトと界面活性剤とを共に用い
る例を示したが、バーミキュライトのみを用いて培地を
製造しても良い。When a surface active agent is applied to the surface of the medium 1 after compression molding, when water is used to restore the medium, the surface absorbs water very well and the restoration is quick, and the work efficiency during the seeding operation is improved. Is improved. Further, in the above-described embodiment, an example in which vermiculite and a surfactant are used together in peat moss has been described, but a medium may be produced using only vermiculite.
【0039】最後に、圧縮成形前の混合物にバインダー
として添加するアルギン酸ナトリウムの代わりに、ポリ
ビニルアルコール又はポリアクリル酸塩又は水ガラス
(ケイ酸ナトリウム)等如何なるバインダーを用いても
良く、成形前の混合物にバインダーを添加すれば、圧縮
成形時の粘結効果が高まり、更に成形後の形状が安定す
ると共に、復元後もブロック強度が保持できて、培地1
が崩れにくく、更に苗の取扱いが容易となる。Finally, instead of sodium alginate added as a binder to the mixture before compression molding, any binder such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyacrylate or water glass (sodium silicate) may be used. When a binder is added to the medium, the binding effect at the time of compression molding is enhanced, the shape after molding is stabilized, and the block strength can be maintained even after restoration.
Are less likely to collapse, and the handling of the seedlings becomes easier.
【図1】圧縮成形培地1の一例を示す斜視図である。FIG. 1 is a perspective view showing an example of a compression molding medium 1.
【図2】圧縮成形培地1の圧縮成形の一例を示す側面図
である。FIG. 2 is a side view showing an example of compression molding of the compression molding medium 1.
【図3】育苗トレイ4の一例を示す斜視図である。FIG. 3 is a perspective view showing an example of a seedling raising tray 4.
【図4】育苗トレイ4の平面図である。4 is a plan view of the seedling raising tray 4. FIG.
【図5】育苗トレイ4の底面図である。5 is a bottom view of the seedling raising tray 4. FIG.
【図6】育苗トレイ4の育苗ポット5の平面図である。6 is a plan view of the seedling raising pot 5 of the seedling raising tray 4. FIG.
【図7】図4のS1−S1断面図である。FIG. 7 is a sectional view taken along line S1-S1 of FIG.
【図8】圧縮成形培地1の育苗ポット5への装填例を示
す断面側面図である。FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional side view showing an example of loading the compression-molding medium 1 into the seedling raising pot 5.
【図9】育苗ポット5へ装填した圧縮成形培地1が水を
含んで膨張が終了した状態を示す断面側面図である。FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional side view showing a state where the compression-molding medium 1 loaded in the seedling raising pot 5 contains water and has completed expansion.
【図10】播種穴形成ロール22による作用説明側面図
である。FIG. 10 is a side view for explaining the operation of the seeding hole forming roll 22.
【図11】播種穴24が形成された状態を示す断面側面
図である。FIG. 11 is a sectional side view showing a state where a seeding hole 24 is formed.
【図12】播種穴24に播種して覆土26した状態を示
す断面側面図である。FIG. 12 is a cross-sectional side view showing a state in which seeds are seeded in seeding holes 24 and soil is covered.
【図13】苗が成育した状態を示す断面側面図である。FIG. 13 is a sectional side view showing a state where a seedling has grown.
【図14】圧縮成形培地1の第2実施例を示す斜視図で
ある。FIG. 14 is a perspective view showing a second embodiment of the compression-molding medium 1.
【図15】圧縮成形培地1の圧縮成形の第2実施例を示
す側面図である。FIG. 15 is a side view showing a second embodiment of the compression molding of the compression molding medium 1.
【図16】圧縮成形培地1の苗箱30への装填例を示す
断面側面図である。FIG. 16 is a cross-sectional side view showing an example of loading the compacting medium 1 into the seedling box 30.
【図17】苗箱30へ装填した圧縮成形培地1が水を含
んで膨張が終了した状態を示す断面側面図である。FIG. 17 is a cross-sectional side view showing a state where the compression-molding medium 1 loaded in the seedling box 30 has been expanded by containing water.
【図18】播種して覆土した状態を示す断面側面図であ
る。FIG. 18 is a cross-sectional side view showing a state in which seeding is performed and soil is covered.
1 圧縮成形培地 4 育苗トレイ 5 育苗ポット 30 苗箱 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compression molding medium 4 Seedling tray 5 Seedling pot 30 Seedling box
Claims (10)
圧縮成形したことを特徴とする培地。1. A medium comprising a mixture of plant fiber and vermiculite and compression molding.
剤を混合して圧縮成形したことを特徴とする培地。2. A medium comprising a mixture of vegetable fiber, vermiculite and a surfactant, and compression-molded.
て、該混合後の粒径が1mm以下のものを圧縮成形した
ことを特徴とする培地。3. A medium comprising a mixture of plant fiber and vermiculite, and compression-molding a mixture having a particle size of 1 mm or less after the mixing.
剤を混合して、該混合後の粒径が1mm以下のものを圧
縮成形したことを特徴とする培地。4. A medium comprising a mixture of vegetable fiber, vermiculite and a surfactant, and compression-molding a mixture having a particle size of 1 mm or less after the mixing.
て、粒径を1mm以下に粉砕した後に圧縮成形したこと
を特徴とする培地。5. A culture medium comprising a mixture of plant fiber and vermiculite, crushed to a particle size of 1 mm or less, and compression-molded.
剤を混合して、粒径を1mm以下に粉砕した後に圧縮成
形したことを特徴とする培地。6. A culture medium comprising a mixture of plant fiber, vermiculite and a surfactant, pulverized to a particle size of 1 mm or less, and then compression-molded.
求項1乃至6記載の培地。7. The medium according to claim 1, wherein a plant fiber having a particle size of 5 mm or less is used.
用いた請求項1乃至7記載の培地。8. The medium according to claim 1, wherein vermiculite having a particle size of 1 mm or less is used.
至8記載の培地。9. The medium according to claim 1, wherein the plant fiber is peat moss.
状、円柱状、球状、又は平板状に圧縮成形したことを特
徴とする培地。10. A medium obtained by compressing the medium according to claim 1 into a tablet, a column, a sphere, or a plate.
Priority Applications (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11004446A JP2000201530A (en) | 1999-01-11 | 1999-01-11 | Culture medium |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
---|---|---|---|
JP11004446A JP2000201530A (en) | 1999-01-11 | 1999-01-11 | Culture medium |
Publications (1)
Publication Number | Publication Date |
---|---|
JP2000201530A true JP2000201530A (en) | 2000-07-25 |
Family
ID=11584421
Family Applications (1)
Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
---|---|---|---|
JP11004446A Pending JP2000201530A (en) | 1999-01-11 | 1999-01-11 | Culture medium |
Country Status (1)
Country | Link |
---|---|
JP (1) | JP2000201530A (en) |
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014077183A1 (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2014-05-22 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | Artificial soil medium |
-
1999
- 1999-01-11 JP JP11004446A patent/JP2000201530A/en active Pending
Cited By (1)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
---|---|---|---|---|
WO2014077183A1 (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2014-05-22 | 東洋ゴム工業株式会社 | Artificial soil medium |
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