JP2000193229A - Incinerator - Google Patents

Abstract

PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an incinerator which can continuously and efficiently incinerate waste composed of a high polymer material without generating any hazardous substance by completely burning the waste through secondary combustion after the waste is melted into a gas with radiant heat. SOLUTION: A rotary incinerator 1, a secondary incinerator 2, a connecting section 3, and a residue post-incineration section 19 are heated by means of a primary burner 9, a secondary burner 18, and a post-incinerator burner 28. In this case, molten glass and an auxiliary, such as the calcium carbonate, quick lime, etc., are housed in advance in an ash melting vessel 29. In the rotary incinerator 1, such a temperature gradient that the temperature becomes higher as going toward the waste charging side from the waste discharging side is formed by utilizing the radiant heat from the secondary incinerator 2. Waste housed in a hopper 7 is fed to the rotary incinerator 1 by means of a segmenting screw 6 and melted and gasified by utilizing the radiant heat from the secondary incinerator 2. Then part of the gas moves toward the connecting section 3 while burning and the burned gas is mixed with an unburned gas. The mixed gas moves to the secondary incinerator 2 and is burned completely.

Description

DETAILED DESCRIPTION OF THE INVENTION

[0001]

BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION 1. Field of the Invention The present invention relates to an incinerator for incinerating waste materials, and more particularly to a waste material containing a polymer material and / or a waste material containing a component member made of a polymer material. The present invention relates to an incinerator that can continuously and efficiently incinerate without generating dioxins and other harmful substances.

[0002]

2. Description of the Related Art In recent years, plastic materials and plastic molding techniques have been improved, and the use of plastic materials for industrial equipment and household equipment has been increasing rapidly. A large amount of plastic materials are also being mixed into household waste. The wastes as described above are usually incinerated as combustibles by an incinerator.

[0003] In this case, in the conventional incinerator, a direct combustion method in which waste is placed on a grate in the furnace, the waste is ignited, and combustion is continued by supplying air from outside the furnace is most used. It is common and has been widely used as small incinerators for home use.

Further, the above-mentioned waste is shielded from the air, and is subjected to dry distillation by high-temperature heating while avoiding direct combustion,
A gasification combustion system that burns combustible gas generated by the carbonization is also employed.

[0005]

First, in the former direct combustion method, a large amount of free carbon is discharged from a plastic material, and black smoke and an irritating odor are generated, thereby polluting the environment near the incinerator. is there. Particularly in recent years, the use of small-scale furnaces for home use and the like has been regulated in order to discharge dioxins and other harmful substances with incineration. In addition, in order to suppress the emission of soot and harmful substances described above, it is necessary to devise measures for secondary combustion, which leads to the combined use of auxiliary fuel, large-sized equipment, and complicated equipment.
There is also a problem that not only initial investment costs but also operating costs rise.

On the other hand, in the latter gasification combustion system by dry distillation, although the generation of free carbon is small, it is a two-stage combustion system which requires heating for dry distillation and combustion of gas after dry distillation. There is a problem that equipment becomes complicated and cost increases. In addition, since this method is a batch processing method, there are also problems such as difficulty in continuous processing, low processing capacity, difficulty in controlling generated gas, and high risk of explosion of combustible gas. is there.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION The present invention solves the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and eliminates waste containing polymer substances and / or waste containing constituent members made of polymer substances without generating harmful substances. It is an object of the present invention to provide an incinerator that can continuously and efficiently incinerate.

[0008]

In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, according to the present invention, a furnace body formed in a hollow cylindrical shape and rotatably supported around its axis is provided. A charging-side member provided to close one opening, and a charging-side member was provided so as to penetrate the charging-side member along the axis of the furnace body, and was connected to a hopper for storing waste. A rotary combustion furnace comprising a cutting screw, a furnace body formed in a hollow cylindrical shape, and having a gas flow path formed in a direction along the axis thereof, and traversing the gas flow path in the furnace body; And a plurality of rows of barriers provided so as to block a part thereof, and a plurality of air supply nozzles provided between these barriers and blowing air in a direction orthogonal to the gas flow path. Secondary combustion furnace, and formed in a hollow short cylindrical shape, and the rotary combustion furnace A connecting portion which square the upstream side of the gas passage opening and the secondary combustion furnace is connected by noncompartmental state in the axial direction of the furnace body, constituted by, employing the technical means that.

In the present invention, the barrier can be formed by a plurality of upright prisms.

In the above invention, the prisms can be arranged in a staggered manner along the gas flow path.

Further, in the above invention, the prism can be formed by stacking bricks made of high alumina refractory.

Next, in the above invention, a residue afterburning portion is provided below the connecting portion, and a bottom portion of the residue afterburning portion is formed by an upper step portion and a lower step portion having a step, and each of the step portions has a lower portion. Provide an ash pusher, afterburner near the end of the lower portion, and an ash melting container containing a solvent,
Residue from a rotary combustion furnace can be burned in the upper part and / or the lower part, and the burned ash can be melted in the ash melting vessel.

[0013]

DESCRIPTION OF THE PREFERRED EMBODIMENTS FIG. 1 is an explanatory longitudinal sectional view of a main part showing an embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a rotary combustion furnace, and 2 denotes a secondary combustion furnace, each of which is configured as described below, and which are integrally and airtightly connected in a partition-free state by a connecting portion 3 configured as described below. .

First, the configuration of the rotary combustion furnace 1 will be described. Reference numeral 4 denotes a furnace body, which is formed, for example, in a hollow cylindrical shape and is rotatably supported around an axis. That is, the furnace body 1 is provided with a refractory material layer on the inner surface of a furnace shell made of, for example, an iron plate having openings at both ends, is supported on, for example, a roller, and can be rotationally driven by an appropriate driving means (all not shown). Formed.

The furnace body 1 is formed, for example, in the shape of a hollow cylinder having the same diameter, and its axis is inclined with respect to the horizontal plane.
By supporting the connecting portion 3 so as to be lower, or forming the inner peripheral surface as a conical surface having a large diameter on the connecting portion 3 side, the rotation of the furnace body 1 causes the waste charged in the furnace body 1 to be disposed. An object is configured to be able to move to the connecting portion 3 side. The inner surface of the furnace body 1 may have a polygonal cross section.

Next, 5 is a charging side member, which is provided so as to close one opening (left side in FIG. 1) of the furnace body 1. Reference numeral 6 denotes a cut-out screw, which is provided so as to penetrate the charging member 5 along the axis of the furnace body 1, and the cut-out screw 6 is connected to a lower end of a hopper 7 for storing waste. . Both ends of the furnace body 1 are connected to the charging-side member 5 and the connecting portion 3 via a sealing member 8 so as to be relatively reversible and airtight. Reference numeral 9 denotes a primary burner, which is provided on the charging side member.

The structure of the secondary combustion furnace 2 will be described later in detail, but the secondary combustion furnace 2 is formed in a hollow cylindrical shape and has a gas passage 10 formed in a direction along an axis thereof. 11 and traverse the gas flow path 10 in the furnace body 11,
And a plurality of rows of barriers 12 provided so as to block a part of the gas flow path 10, and a direction provided between the barriers 12 and 12 and perpendicular to the gas flow path 10 (the vertical direction in FIG. 1). ) A plurality of air supply nozzles 13 for blowing air
And is provided. An air supply pipe 14 is connected to the air supply nozzle 13. Reference numeral 15 denotes a control valve provided in the air supply pipe 14, and reference numeral 16 denotes a secondary blower, which supplies secondary air to the air supply pipe 14 through the air supply main pipe 17.

The downstream side of the gas passage 10 of the secondary combustion furnace 2 is connected to a waste gas treatment system which is not shown and includes, for example, a cyclone and a gas scrubber. In this waste gas treatment system, a large amount of cleaning water is used to separate and remove fly ash, dust, and other foreign substances contained in the waste gas. The separated sludge can be separated and removed, and the separated sludge can also be incinerated by the incinerator of the present invention.

Reference numeral 18 denotes a secondary burner.
For example, two units are provided to face each other. Reference numeral 19 denotes a residue afterburning portion, which is provided below the connecting portion 3 and communicates therewith.
The bottom is formed by an upper portion 20 and a lower portion 21 having a step. Ashing pushers 22 and 23 are provided on the upper section 20 and the lower section 21 slidably in the horizontal direction, respectively. Hydraulic cylinders 24 and 25 are connected to the ash extraction pushers 22 and 23 and driven by a hydraulic unit 27 having a hydraulic pump 26.
The step portion may be formed in three or more steps, and a plurality of ash extraction pushers may be provided corresponding to the steps.

Reference numeral 28 denotes a post-burning burner, and 29 denotes an ash melting container, each of which is provided near an end of the lower portion 21 of the residue after-heating portion 19. Reference numeral 30 denotes a water-sealed conveyor, which is provided below the ash melting container 29 via a connection tube 31, and is formed so that slag generated in water can be carried out. 32 is a discharge conveyor, and 33 is a container.

FIGS. 2 and 3 are an enlarged plan view and an enlarged sectional side view, respectively, of a main part of the secondary combustion furnace 2 shown in FIG. 1, and FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view taken along line AA in FIG. , The same parts are indicated by the same reference numerals as in FIG. FIG.
In FIG. 4 to FIG. 4, the furnace body 11 is formed, for example, in the shape of a hollow square tube and fixed on the floor.

The barriers 12 are formed, for example, by a plurality of upright prisms having a rectangular cross section and arranged in a staggered or checkered multi-row along the gas flow path 10. With such a configuration, the gas flow path 10 is formed by the barrier 1
A part thereof is cut off by 2 to form a so-called zigzag shape, and a straight line from the upstream side to the downstream side is avoided. The barrier 12 can be formed, for example, by stacking bricks made of a high alumina refractory having an alumina (Al ₂ O ₃ ) content of 55% or more. 34 is the furnace body 1
1 is an ash outlet provided at the lower part of the side surface.

The direction along the gas flow path 10 (FIGS. 2 and 3)
A plurality of air supply nozzles 13 are provided between the barriers 12, 12 (in the left-right direction) so as to face the furnace body 11 up and down, but may be provided so as to face the furnace body 11 left and right. In FIG. 2, reference numerals 14a to 14e denote first to fifth air supply nozzle rows, respectively. For example, the first air supply nozzle row 14a is an air curtain that blows downward from above, and the second air supply nozzle row Row 14b and third air supply nozzle row 14c
Means that the fourth supply nozzle row 14d forms a downward parallel flow from above and the fifth supply nozzle row 14e forms an upward parallel flow from below so as to blow out from both upper and lower sides to form a vertical collision flow. And a vertical convection is formed by the fourth air supply nozzle array 14d and the fifth air supply nozzle array 14e,
Each control valve 15 is adjusted.

Incidentally, the shape and size of the cross section of the barrier 12, the installation interval, the size and interval of the air supply nozzles 13, and the second to fifth air supply nozzle rows 14b to 14e (or the n-th air supply nozzle row 14e) Various combinations other than those described above are possible for the blowing mode in the air supply nozzle row 14n) depending on the physical properties and the amount of waste.

Next, the operation of the above configuration will be described. First, in FIG. 1, the rotary burner 1, the secondary burner 2, the connecting portion 3, and the residual afterburning portion 19 are heated by the operation of the primary burner 9, the secondary burner 18, and the afterburning burner 28. In this case, the ash melting container 29 contains molten glass and auxiliary agents such as calcium carbonate and slaked lime.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a main part showing an example of a temperature distribution in the furnace in a steady state in the embodiment of the present invention. That is, in the rotary combustion furnace 1, a radiant heat from the secondary combustion furnace 2 forms a temperature gradient that becomes a high temperature region from the waste charging side (left side) to the waste side (right side).

In FIG. 1, waste stored in a hopper 7 is charged into a rotary combustion furnace 1 by a cutting screw 6, and is melted and gasified by the radiant heat of the secondary combustion furnace 2 and a part thereof. While burning, it is moved toward the connecting portion 3, moves to the secondary combustion furnace 2 in a state where the combustion gas and the unburned gas are mixed, and completely burns in the secondary combustion furnace 2 as described later. The primary burner 9 and the secondary burner 18 operate only when the incinerator starts up, and stop operating after the steady state shown in FIG. 5 is established.

As described above, in the rotary combustion furnace 1, the charged waste is gasified by the radiant heat of the secondary combustion furnace 2, so that an excess air rate close to the theoretical value can be obtained. As a result, the combustion control in the secondary combustion furnace 2 is easy, the responsiveness is high, and complete combustion is possible. In addition, since the waste is continuously charged by the cutting screw 6, while being fragmented, the suction of the outside air into the furnace is limited, and gasification including partial combustion can be averaged.

The residue in the rotary combustion furnace 1 is
9, the bottom of which is formed by an upper step 20 and a lower step 21 having a step, and these steps 20, 21 are provided with ash pushers 22, 23.
Is provided in a state where it is shut off from the outside air, so that the residue is completely burned by the afterburner 28 on the steps 20 and 21. The residue is moved at a predetermined rate by a controlled operation including the alternate operation of the ash extraction pushers 22 and 23, and falls into the ash melting container 29 to be melted. The ash in the molten state sequentially overflows from the ash melting container 29, reaches the water sealing conveyor 30 via the connecting tube 31, and is discharged to the container 33 by the discharging conveyor 32 after being cooled and solidified.

Next, the operation of the secondary combustion furnace 2 will be described. On the upstream side of the gas flow path 10 of the secondary combustion furnace 2, as shown in FIG. 2, an air curtain that blows from above to below is formed by the first air supply nozzle row 14 a. The foreign matter such as dust contained in the gas flow moving through the connecting portion 3 from the gas is separated.

In the secondary combustion furnace 2, a plurality of barriers 12 are provided, for example, in a staggered manner across a plurality of rows across the gas flow path 10, so that the gas flow is divided without going straight. At the same time, the collision, detour, and wraparound of the barrier 12 are forced, the chance of contact with the high-heat barrier 12 surface is increased, and the residence time and reaction time in the furnace are prolonged. In addition, the second air supply nozzle array 14b to the fifth air supply nozzle array 14e
Mixing with the gas can be rapidly and sufficiently performed by the vertical collision flow, the vertical parallel flow, the vertical parallel convection, and the like.

Therefore, the combustion of the unburned gas in the gas proceeds stepwise according to the supplied air amount, so that the dioxin regulated temperature is maintained, abnormal high temperature is avoided, and N ₂
And generation of NO _x is prevented. Further, since the reaction time is long, combustion with a low residual oxygen rate is performed in each combustion zone. Further, due to the collision of the gas flow on the front surface of the high-temperature barrier 12 and the induced vortex on the rear surface of the barrier 12, for example, in combination with the reaction of the alumina catalyst, fine fly ash, dust and the like contained in the gas flow adhere to the surface of the barrier 12. Therefore, dioxins contained in a large amount on these surfaces are completely burned off. Since the high temperature gas passes and the unburned gas is completely burnt, the barrier 12 is heated to a high temperature and heat is stored. It works efficiently.

The gas discharged from the secondary combustion furnace 2 is then cooled and dust-removed in the waste gas treatment system and discharged to the atmosphere as described above. Foreign substances, neutralizing agents, polymer agents and the like in the cleaning water used in the waste gas treatment system are separated and removed as a sludge cake by a predetermined water treatment system, and the sludge cake is shown in FIG. 1 again. It can be charged in the hopper 7 and incinerated together with the waste.

[0034]

Since the present invention has the above-described configuration and operation, the following effects can be obtained. (1) Since waste is melted and gasified by radiant heat and completely burned by secondary combustion, an excess air ratio close to a theoretical value is obtained, and combustion control is easy and responsiveness is high. (2) Since the operation can be performed with the residual oxygen amount of about 8%, the generation of CO is suppressed, the low-temperature part is reduced, and dioxin, N
Generation of harmful substances such as O _x is extremely small. (3) Since secondary combustion is performed by a regenerative catalytic reaction and radiant heat is used, the burner only needs to be used at the time of start-up, and high-efficiency and low-cost incineration is possible. (4) Since waste can be charged continuously and in a state where the intake of outside air is suppressed, high efficiency and stable incineration can be performed. (5) Since the residual ash can be melted in the ash melting container, the processing of the residual ash is easy.

[Brief description of the drawings]

FIG. 1 is an explanatory view of a main part longitudinal section showing an embodiment of the present invention.

FIG. 2 is an enlarged sectional plan view of a main part showing a secondary combustion furnace 2 in FIG.

FIG. 3 is an enlarged vertical cross-sectional side view of a main part showing the secondary combustion furnace 2 in FIG.

FIG. 4 is a sectional view taken along line AA in FIG.

FIG. 5 is a vertical sectional view of a main part showing an example of a temperature distribution in a furnace in a steady state according to the embodiment of the present invention.

[Explanation of symbols]

 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Rotary combustion furnace 2 Secondary combustion furnace 3 Connecting part 19 Residual afterburning part

 ────────────────────────────────────────────────── ─── Continued on the front page F term (reference) 3K061 AA07 AB03 AC01 AC19 CA01 FA03 FA10 FA13 FA21 FA23 FA24 KA02 KA15 KA21 KA23 3K078 BA03 BA13 BA22 BA24 BA26 CA02 CA04 CA09 CA12

Claims (5)

[Claims] 1. A furnace body formed in a hollow cylindrical shape and rotatably supported around its axis, a charging side member provided to close one opening of the furnace body, A rotary combustion furnace, which is provided so as to penetrate the charging side member along the axis of the furnace body, and includes a cut-out screw connected to a hopper for storing waste, and a hollow cylindrical shape. A furnace body in which a gas flow path is formed in a direction along the axis thereof, and a plurality of rows of barriers provided so as to cross the gas flow path in the furnace body and block a part thereof, A secondary combustion furnace provided between the barriers and comprising a plurality of air supply nozzles for blowing air in a direction orthogonal to the gas flow path; and a hollow short cylindrical shape, The other opening of the combustion furnace and the upstream side of the gas flow path of the secondary combustion furnace are aligned with the axis of each furnace body. Incinerator, characterized by being configured into a connecting portion for connecting with no partition wall state, by. 2. The incinerator according to claim 1, wherein the barrier is formed by a plurality of upright prisms. 3. The incinerator according to claim 2, wherein the prisms are arranged in a staggered manner along the gas flow path. 4. The incinerator according to claim 2, wherein the prisms are formed by stacking bricks made of high alumina refractories. 5. A residue afterburning portion is provided below the connecting portion, and a bottom portion of the residue afterburning portion is formed by an upper portion and a lower portion having a step, and ash extraction pushers are provided at each of the steps, A post-burning burner and an ash melting container containing a solvent are provided near the end of the lower section, and a residue from a rotary combustion furnace is burned in the upper section and / or the lower section, and the burnt ash is removed. The incinerator according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the incinerator is melted in an ash melting vessel.